CN101100404B

CN101100404B - Liquid type tea leaf surface composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101100404B
Application number: CN2007100235295A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩效钊; 徐超; 王雄; 陆亚玲; 钱佳; 胡波; 陈敏; 刘文宏; 于红
Original assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Priority date: 2007-05-30
Filing date: 2007-05-30
Publication date: 2011-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2027-05-30
Also published as: CN101100404A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquefied tea foliage composite fertilizer comprising N, P205 and K20 50-200g/L, Mg and/or Ca 5-20g/L, Zn and/or Mo and/or Mn and/or B and/or Fe and/or Cu 10-60g/L, chelating agent 3-10g/L and wetting agent 0.05-0.3g/L. The process is carried out by dissolving N, P205 and K20 into water to obtain solution A, dissolving nutritive micro-elements into water to obtain solution B, adding chelating agent into B solution at 60-80 deg. C, agitating while reacting for 0.5-2 hrs, cooling, building up with A solution, adding into wetting agent, agitating, blending with water, diluting 800 times, spray fertilizing onto tea foliage and re-spray fertilizing every 7-8 days. The liquefied tea foliage composite fertilizer increases tea yield above 20% and has better quality.

Description

A kind of liquid type tea leaf surface composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof, particularly polyelement composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof exactly, is a kind of tealeaves dedicated liquid type foliar compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Two, background technology

Tealeaves is the traditional agricultural-food of China, has a long history; China is that the country of origin and the world of tea tree mainly produces one of tea state.China's existing tea place area accounts for 45% of tea place, world area, occupies the first in the world.Tea place balance fertilizing content comprises four aspects: the one, and fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are wanted balance; The 2nd, macroelement and middle trace element are wanted balance; The 3rd, base manure is wanted balance with topdressing; The 4th, the root fertilising is wanted balance with leaf dressing.Tea tree is the picking leaves crop, and blade is many, the leaf bed thickness, and leaf area index is big, and all leaves can both absorb the nutrient attached to leaf surfaces; Leaf dressing is the especially best approach of micronutrient of balance tea tree nutrient.Leaf dressing has its unique advantage: 1. nutrition absorption is fast, can in time replenish the nutrient that crop lacks.2. consumption is few, plant recovery of nutrient is high.3. in tea root vigor decline, fertilizer sucting ability lowers, or arid, low temperature etc. have only the foliage-spray of employing to supplement the nutrients rapidly when causing root system to absorb nutrient to be obstructed, and satisfies the needs of growth of tea plant growth.4. use conveniently.Leaf dressing can not only improve tea yield, and improves tea leaf quality.But at the foliar nutrient kind of tealeaves very little, and most nutrient is single on the China market.Cause nutrient availability to reduce owing to chemical reaction may take place between big or middle, the micronutrient element, add that the residence time of foliar nutrient on the crop blade face directly influences the utilization ratio of nutrient.Therefore, at present, the domestic research report that yet there are no in this respect.

Three, summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide the pancebrin build foliar compound fertilizer material of tealeaves special use according to tealeaves demand nutrient rule, and technical problem to be solved is that big-and-middle micronutrient element prevents calcium phosphate precipitation when composite and reduces the surface tension of solution.

The alleged macronutrient of the present invention is meant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, is selected from urea, potassium primary phosphate, saltpetre, and its content is respectively with N and P ₂O ₅And K ₂The O meter; Alleged middle amount nutritive element is calcium and magnesium, is selected from sal epsom and calcium chloride, and its content is divided in Mg, Ca; Alleged micronutrient element is zinc, molybdenum, manganese, boron, iron and copper etc., is selected from zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganous sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate, and its content is respectively in Zn, Mo, Mn, B, Fe and Cu.When calculating content, be example with the ammonium molybdate, except that molybdenum, also the nitrogen in the ammonium should be counted in the total nitrogen, the rest may be inferred by analogy.

The liquid type tea leaf surface composite fertilizer that the present invention is alleged is exactly composite big or middle a, micronutrient element in water, and all kinds of nutritive elements have following content: (N and P ₂O ₅And K ₂O) 50-200g/L, (Mg and/or Ca) 5-20g/L, (Zn and/or Mo and/or Mn and/or B and/or Fe and/or Cu) 10-60g/L; Sequestrant 3-10g/L, wetting agent 0.05-0.3g/L.

Preferably: (N and P ₂O ₅Or K ₂O) 80-180g/L, (Mg and/or Ca) 8-18g/L, (Zn and/or Mo and/or Mn and/or B and/or Fe and/or Cu) 15-55g/L, sequestrant 5-8g/L, wetting agent 0.1-0.2g/L.

Preferable: (N and P ₂O ₅Or K ₂O) 100-150g/L, (Mg and/or Ca) 10-15g/L, (Zn and/or Mo and/or Mn and/or B and/or Fe and/or Cu) 20-50g/L; Sequestrant 5-8g/L, wetting agent 0.1-0.2g/L.

Described sequestrant is selected from EDTA or quadrol or citric acid etc.

Described wetting agent is selected from anionic or nonionic surface active agent, as alkyl-sulphate, alkylsulfonate, lauroyl diethanolamine, coconut oil diethanolamine, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether etc.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are necessary in this composite fertilizer, and middle trace element can be determined on a case-by-case basis according to the principle of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation, if Ca or Fe element are abundant then can omit Ca or Fe in the soil, the rest may be inferred by analogy.

Carry out above-mentioned various raw materials composite, for preventing calcium phosphate precipitation, adopt to add sequestrant and be main, to reduce pH value of solution be the terms of settlement of assisting, sequestrant with in, trace element forms has sterically hindered inner complex and generate to suppress precipitation, reduce pH and help improving phosphatic solubleness.Secondly; in view of tealeaves surface smoother and the wax protective layer is arranged; for solving the wetting problem on solution and blade face; adopt the way of adding wetting agent to reduce the surface tension of solution; by improving the wetting property of solution to the blade face; to increase contact area and to prolong the residence time, nutrient is fully absorbed by the blade face.

The preparation method of this composite fertilizer comprises unit processes such as dissolving, chelating, composite, filtration, described dissolving be exactly will metering nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium raw material solution A that obtains soluble in water, with in the metering, the trace element materials solution B that obtains soluble in water; Described chelating is exactly to add the sequestrant of metering in 60-80 ℃ of following stirring reaction 0.5-2 hour in B solution; The described composite wetting agent that exactly solution B behind solution A and the chelating is mixed and added metering stirs, and citric acid is transferred pH3-6, and filtration is intended to remove the non-water soluble impurity of bringing in the raw material.

Convert 800 times of water dilutions when this composite fertilizer uses, mu is used diluent 150kg, sprays in the back side last, middle part blade, particularly blade.Gather at tealeaves began to spray in preceding 30 days, sprayed once in 7-8 days at interval.Spray in back 5 hours and rain, then should mend and execute as if meeting.This composite fertilizer promotes on probation in tea places, ground such as our province Shucheng County, Ningguos, tealeaves increases production more than 20%, and the tea-polyphenol total amount improves more than 2% in the tealeaves, and trimethyl-xanthine, amino acid all improve more than 1%.

Four, embodiment

Be example with omission calcium, iron, copper now, non-limiting examples is described below:

1, gets urea 130g, saltpetre 75g, potassium primary phosphate 20g, sal epsom 128g, zinc sulfate 78g, manganous sulfate 50g, ammonium molybdate 4g, borax 18g, EDTA8g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.1g, water 680ml.

2, preparation process

(1) urea, saltpetre, the potassium primary phosphate with metering is dissolved in the water of 300ml, gets solution A;

(2) sal epsom, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, the borax with metering is dissolved in the water of 380ml, solution B, the EDTA that adds metering was in 75 ℃ of following stirring reactions 1.5 hours; Cooling;

(3) solution B behind solution A and the chelating is mixed, the Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate that adds metering stirs, and transfers pH3.5 with citric acid, filters and obtains this composite fertilizer.(N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O) content is (70+10+40) 120g/L, and (Mg+Ca) content is (12+0) 12g/L, and (Zn+Mn+Mo+B+Fe+Cu) content is (17+16+2+2+0+0) 33g/L.Sequestrant content is 8g/L, and wetting agent content is 0.1g/L.

Claims

1. a liquid type tea leaf surface composite fertilizer is composite nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macronutrient and middle amount and a micronutrient element in water, and it is characterized in that: the content of all kinds of nutritive elements is: N and P ₂O ₅And K ₂O100-150g/L, Mg and/or Ca10-15g/L, Zn and/or Mo and/or B and/or Fe and/or Cu20-50g/L; Sequestrant 5-8g/L, wetting agent 0.1-0.2g/L.

2. composite fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sequestrant is selected from EDTA or quadrol or citric acid; Described wetting agent is selected from anionic or nonionic surface active agent.