CN113144001A - 一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂及其制备方法,属于医药制剂技术领域。本发明采用的技术方案为一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,它由如下原料药材组成:桉叶油50‑200份、冰片10‑30份、黄芩250‑350份及苦参150‑250份。具体制备方法先量取桉叶油12.5ml,称取冰片2.5g,备用;再将黄芩、苦参各50g,分别置于棕色广口玻璃瓶中,50%乙醇500ml冷浸30日,避光阴凉处保存,隔日搅拌一次,1周后每周搅拌一次;将上述黄芩、苦参酒浸液各取291ml、194ml,加入桉叶油及冰片,混匀,分装,得到治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂。经过临床试验观察表明,本发明中药组合物的制剂疗效可靠、安全有效,作为治疗外耳道真菌病的药物,值得进一步推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂及其制备方法,属于医药制剂技术领域。
背景技术
外耳道真菌病(Otomycosis)又称真菌性外耳道炎(Otitis externa mycotica,OEM),是由致病性真菌(主要包括曲霉菌、念珠菌、酵母菌、芽生菌等)引起的急性或慢性炎症性疾病,属于浅部的真菌感染,是耳鼻喉科的常见疾病之一。该病以外耳道奇痒不适、渗液、疼痛或炎症刺激渗出物堆积形成团块阻塞外耳道引起耳内阻塞感、听力障碍为主要症状。不及时治疗可影响外耳道结构与功能,甚至出现鼓膜穿孔、中耳感染、颅内感染等严重并发症。外耳道真菌病病程较长、疾病的痛苦以及反复的发作严重影响到患者的生活质量及其心理健康,带来较大的疾病负担,对该病的及时诊治将使患者获得极大的益处。目前治疗一般选用局部抗真菌药物,常用的药物包括酮康唑、特比萘芬、联苯苄唑等,但抗真菌药易产生耐药,导致菌群失调和病情反复。因此,寻找疗效确切、使用方便、毒副作用小、耐药风险小的药物己成为本病亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
外耳道真菌病属于中医“耳痒病”范畴。《外科大成》有云:“耳者,心肾之窍,肝胆之经,宗脉所聚也……肝胆主外,如风热有余,或胀痛或脓痒,邪气客也。”耳为清空之窍,若不慎污水入耳,或嗜好挖耳,耳道肌肤受损,卫表不固,邪毒挟湿,乘虚而入,壅积耳道,日久郁而为热,湿热邪毒互结,发为本病。由此可见,“湿热”、“邪毒”是本病的病机之要(“邪毒”实为真菌),治以疏风清热、除湿杀虫为主。目前临床上治疗该病的中药组合物制剂寥寥无几,中药组合物制剂的研发存在很大空间。
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂及其制备方法,本发明中药组合物喷剂用于治疗外耳道真菌病,具有疗效确切、使用方便、毒副作用小及耐药风险小的特点,优于现有技术中其它同类制剂。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于,它由如下原料药材组成:桉叶油50-200份、冰片10-30份、黄芩250-350份及苦参150-250份。
本发明中原料药材来源如下:
桉叶油为桃金娘科植物蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus Labill)叶经水蒸气蒸馏所得的挥发油,纯度≥80%。
黄芩为唇形科植物黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)的干燥根。
苦参为豆科植物苦参(Sophora flavescens Ait.)的干燥根。
冰片为合成龙脑(Borneol),为樟脑、松节油等用化学方法合成的加工制成品,纯度≥55%。
本发明的另一目的是提供本发明中药组合物喷剂的制备方法。具体制备方法如下:
(1)量取桉叶油12.5ml,称取冰片2.5g,备用;
(2)黄芩、苦参各50g,分别置于棕色广口玻璃瓶中,50%乙醇500ml冷浸30日,避光阴凉处保存,隔日搅拌一次,1周后每周搅拌一次;
(3)上述黄芩、苦参酒浸液各取291ml、194ml,加入桉叶油及冰片,混匀,分装,得到治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂。
本发明的原料药材由桉叶油、黄芩、苦参及冰片组成。
本发明由于采用了上述技术方案,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明的药物组方符合治疗外耳道真菌病的中医病机,组方科学。方中桉叶为君,长于疏风解表、清热解毒、杀虫止痒,提取桉叶油外用效果更佳;黄芩为臣,苦寒燥湿,清热解毒;苦参为佐,更助清热燥湿之力;冰片为使,可入肺、肝经,《本草纲目》云:通诸窍,散郁火,清香宣散,引药入耳窍。以上黄芩、苦参,经白酒炮制,引药上行,亦可缓和全方苦寒之性。该组方配伍相宜,符合现代医药学基本理论,具有疏风清热,燥湿止痒之功效,具有独特的治疗效果。此外,本方所有药味(桉叶油,黄芩,苦参,冰片)均收载于《中国药典》,不含毒性药物,不含“十八反”、“十九畏”禁忌药物。
(2)本发明重量配比的原料药材组合物及其制剂经临床观察研究证明,对外耳道真菌病的治疗有效率达100%。本发明药材组合物及其制剂能有效治疗外耳道真菌病,患者治疗1周后耳痒、耳闷症状及体征均有显著改善;患者治疗2周后耳痒、耳闷、听力下降等症状及体征均有显著改善;患者治疗后疗效与联苯苄唑相当;患者使用后无明显不良反应发生。因此,本发明中药原料药材组合物及其制剂用于治疗外耳道真菌病,具有疗效确切、使用方便、毒副作用小及耐药风险小的特点,优于现有技术中其它同类制剂。
(3)本发明治疗外耳道真菌病原料药材给药形式为中药组合物喷剂,喷于外耳道给药,可避免外用乳膏类制剂因外耳道弯曲或狭窄等因素所导致的药物涂抹不达深部、蓄积堵塞外耳道的问题,患者使用、携带方便。本发明喷剂适用于外耳道真菌病患者症见耳痒、耳闷及听力下降的治疗,适用人群广。
(4)本发明治疗外耳道真菌病中药组合物喷剂中的药材、辅料及包装材料成本低,可减轻患者治疗的经济负担,临床应用推广价值大。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明内容的具体实施例,用于阐述本申请中所要解决技术问题的技术方案,有助于本领域技术人员理解本发明内容,但依据本领域公知的现有技术,本发明的实施方式并不限于此,因此凡依照本公开内容所做出的本领域的等同替换,均属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例
分别取桉叶油12.5ml、冰片2.5g。黄芩、苦参各50g,分别置于棕色广口玻璃瓶中,50%乙醇500ml冷浸30日,避光阴凉处保存,隔日搅拌一次,1周后每周搅拌一次。所得黄芩、苦参酒浸液各取291ml、194ml,加入桉叶油及冰片,混匀,分装,得到治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂。
为进一步验证本发明成品制剂的疗效,我们将上述实施例中制备的喷剂成品药物进行了相应的临床试验,现将结果报告如下。
1.一般资料
(1)病例选择:选自就诊于我院耳鼻喉科门诊并符合该病纳入标准的患者20例,两组均于清理外耳道后外用药物治疗。
(2)诊断标准:
①以耳内瘙痒及胀闷感为主要症状,伴或不伴有耳痛、听力下降等;
②专科检查见外耳道内潮湿,有灰黑色、白色奶油样或团块状分泌物附着,或见绒毛状菌丝样物生长;
③镜检见真菌菌丝及孢子。
(3)纳入标准:
①符合外耳道真菌病诊断,并能配合研究治疗者;
②年龄在18至75岁之间,无性别限制;
③患者知情同意,志愿受试。获得知情同意书过程应符合伦理原则。
(4)排除标准:
①有新鲜鼓膜穿孔者;
②合并有严重糖尿病、心血管、肝、肾和造血系统等严重原发性疾病者;
③精神病患者;
④妊娠或哺乳期妇女;
⑤对本发明的中药组合物主要有效成分、酒精及联苯苄唑溶液(洛芙)过敏者;
⑥根据研究者的判断、具有降低入组能性或使入组复杂化的其他病变,如工作环境经常变动等易造成失访的情况;
⑦在参加其他临床试验的患者。
2.治疗方法
治疗组:本发明的中药组合物喷剂喷耳,一次1喷/耳,一日1次;对照组:联苯苄唑溶液(洛芙,江苏知原药业有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H20066175)喷耳,一次1喷/耳,一日1次。疗程为2周,记录治疗前、治疗1周及治疗2周后症状、体征评分以评价疗效。
3.疗效评价
(1)疗效评价标准:
①治愈:临床症状及体征消失,症状、体征总评分减少≥95%;
②显效:临床症状及体征明显改善,症状、体征总评分减少≥70%且<95%;
③有效:临床症状及体征好转,症状、体征总评分减少≥30%且<70%;
④无效:临床症状及体征无改善甚至加重,症状、体征总评分减少不足30%。
总有效率=(治疗前总评分-治疗2周后总评分)/治疗前总评分*100%。
(2)治疗效果:
①治疗组治疗前后各症状、体征评分比较
表1治疗组治疗前后各症状、体征评分的比较*
*Z1、P1为治疗前与治疗1周后各症状、体征评分比较所得;Z2、P2为治疗前与治疗2周后各症状、体征评分比较所得。
由上表可知,治疗1周后较治疗前耳痒、耳闷症状及体征均有显著改善(P<0.01),治疗2周后较治疗前耳痒、耳闷、听力下降等症状及体征均有显著改善(P<0.01)。
②两组治疗前与治疗1周后症状、体征总评分差值比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.650,P=0.099>0.05);两组治疗前与治疗2周后症状、体征总评分差值比较,治疗组总评分减少(12.50±2.57)分,对照组总评分减少(12.93±3.61)分,差异无统计学意义(P=0.720>0.05)。
③两组治疗前后疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表2)。
表2两组药物疗效的比较
临床结果表明:本发明提供的中药组合物喷剂具有治疗外耳道真菌病的作用,治疗后总有效率为100%。
本发明中药组合物制剂是在中医理论指导下合理组方,符合中医治疗耳痒病的理论;本发明治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂制备工艺科学、合理,保证了最终制成中药组合物制剂的有效性;从临床试验证明本发明中药组合物的喷剂治疗外耳道真菌病疗效显著,且无明显不良反应。因此,本发明中药组合物的制剂是一种疗效可靠、安全有效的治疗外耳道真菌病的药物,值得进一步推广。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于:由如下重量份的原料药材组成:桉叶油50-200份、冰片10-30份、黄芩250-350份、苦参150-250份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗外耳道真菌病的中药喷剂,其特征在于桉叶油115份、冰片25份、黄芩291份、苦参194份。
3.根据权利2所述的治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)量取桉叶油11.5g,相当于容积12.5ml,称取冰片2.5g,备用;
(2)黄芩、苦参各50g,分别置于棕色广口玻璃瓶中,50%乙醇500ml冷浸30日,避光阴凉处保存,隔日搅拌一次,1周后每周搅拌一次;
(3)上述黄芩、苦参酒浸液各取291ml、194ml,加入桉叶油及冰片,混匀,分装,得到治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,桉叶油选用桃金娘科植物蓝桉叶经水蒸气蒸馏所得的挥发油,纯度≥80%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,冰片选用合成龙脑,纯度≥55%。
6.根据权利要求2所述的治疗外耳道真菌病的中药组合物喷剂,其特征在于其使用方法为喷于外耳道。
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