CN113131907A - 乐音信号的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法 - Google Patents

乐音信号的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法 Download PDF

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CN113131907A
CN113131907A CN202011493592.7A CN202011493592A CN113131907A CN 113131907 A CN113131907 A CN 113131907A CN 202011493592 A CN202011493592 A CN 202011493592A CN 113131907 A CN113131907 A CN 113131907A
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circuit
waveform
musical tone
amplifier
tone signal
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志田光男
森本善信
高田刚右
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Roland Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
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    • H03F2203/45151—At least one resistor being added at the input of a dif amp
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Abstract

本发明提供一种能够输出超过电源电压的乐音信号的波形的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法。扩大器包括：电源；乐音信号的输入端子；扩大电路，利用电源扩大乐音信号；以及跳跃电路，与扩大电路的输出端连接，输出超过电源的电压值的波形。

Description

乐音信号的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种乐音信号的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法。
背景技术
以前，已经知道将模拟真空管的电气特性的电路应用于吉他放大器(guitaramplifier)，已经知道模拟真空管放大器(valve amplifier)独特的输入输出特性的技术(例如，参照专利文献1)。并且，提出了如下的发明：通过根据吉他输入信号的电平，调整滤波器乘数，来模拟真空管放大器独特的变音感(例如，参照专利文献2)。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献]
[专利文献1]日本专利特公昭59-051167号公报
[专利文献2]日本专利第3336089号公报
发明内容
[发明所要解决的问题]
在现有技术中，即使能够模拟真空管放大器的波形形状，也无法输出超过电源电压的波形。
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够输出超过电源电压的乐音信号的波形的扩大器。
[解决问题的技术手段]
本发明的一个实施例是一种扩大器，包括：
电源；
乐音信号的输入端子；
扩大电路，利用所述电源扩大所述乐音信号；以及
电路，与所述扩大电路的输出端连接，输出超过所述电源的电压值的波形。电路例如是跳跃电路。
本发明的另一个实施例是一种乐音信号的波形的输出方法，包括：
通过使用电源的扩大电路来扩大乐音信号；以及
通过与所述扩大电路的输出端连接的电路来输出超过所述电源的电压值的波形。
扩大器可采用如下的结构：所述跳跃电路的输出端与扬声器(speaker)负载串联连接。并且，可采用如下的结构：扩大器中的所述电路包括控制所述电路的输出波形的跳跃控制电路。
并且，可采用如下的结构：扩大器中的所述跳跃电路是谐振电路(resonancecircuit)，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载及电容性负载。并且，也可以采用如下的结构：所述跳跃电路是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载、第一电容性负载、以及连接于所述感应性负载与所述电容性负载之间的整流元件。并且，也可以采用如下的结构：所述跳跃电路是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载、第一电容性负载、包括阻尼(dampingelement)部件的第二电容性负载、以及连接于所述感应性负载与所述第一电容性负载之间的整流元件。
附图说明
图1表示能够应用于吉他放大器的扩大器(功率放大器(power amplifier))的电路结构。
图2表示扩大器的电源电压。
图3表示跳跃电路的结构例。
图4表示跳跃电路的结构例。
图5表示真空管放大器的输入输出波形的示例。
图6表示针对跳跃电路的输入波形及第一跳跃电路至第三跳跃电路的输出波形。
图7表示第一跳跃电路的输出波形。
图8表示第三跳跃电路的输出波形。
图9表示将正侧的输入信号输入至第三跳跃电路时的等效电路。
图10表示将负侧的输入信号输入至第三跳跃电路时的等效电路。
[符号的说明]
1：扩大器
10：扩大电路
20、20A、20B：跳跃电路
30：扬声器负载
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，说明扩大电路的实施方式。实施方式的结构是例示，并不限定于实施方式的结构。图1表示能够应用于吉他放大器的扩大器1(扩大电路：功率放大器)的电路结构。扩大器1是以获得模拟真空管放大器的波形的方式而构成。图2表示电源电压VCC及电源电压VEE。
图1中，运算放大器(operational amplifier)IC1、电阻R1及电阻R2是从输入端子t1输入的输入信号e1的扩大电路10。输出规定频率的脉冲即输入信号e1的振荡器(oscillator)12与输入端子t1连接。输入信号是由与吉他放大器连接的电吉他的演奏所产生的乐音信号。另外，图1所示的扩大电路10是同相扩大电路，但也可以应用反相扩大电路。
在扩大器的输出端子t2，连接扬声器负载30。扬声器负载30包括扬声器单元的纯电阻成分即电阻R5及寄生感应成分L2。扬声器单元是设想一般的吉他放大器中所采用的扬声器单元。
在扩大电路10与输出端子t2之间，插入有跳跃电路20(第一跳跃电路)。即，来自扩大电路10的信号在通过跳跃电路20之后，与扬声器负载30连接。跳跃电路20在图1的示例中是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载即线圈(coil)L1、以及电容性负载即电容器(condenser)C1及电容器C2。但是，如图3所示，也可以采用追加有阻尼电阻R6及阻尼电阻R7的谐振电路即跳跃电路20A(第二跳跃电路)。或者，如图4所示，也可以采用追加有作为整流元件的二极管(diode)D1及二极管D2以及电阻R3的跳跃电路20B(第三跳跃电路)的结构。
图5表示将周期1kHz的矩形波(图4的上层)输入至真空管放大器时所观测的对扬声器负载的输出波形(图4的下层)。根据真空管放大器，观测到具有以下特征的所谓跳跃波形输出。
(1)在波形的上升及下降时，特别大幅度地跳跃(产生过冲(overshoot))。
(2)跳跃的峰值电压值(波高值)成为大于电源电压的值。
作为图1所示的针对扩大器的输入信号(e1)，采用由正侧波形与负侧波形形成的周期1kHz的矩形波。这是适合于观测电吉他(electric guitar)的输出乐音波形的设想之中、刚刚拨弹吉他之后的所谓攻击波形(attack waveform)的特性的波形。
图6表示跳跃电路20、跳跃电路20A及跳跃电路20B的输入输出波形。图6的最上层表示在图1的观测点(2)的波形，即，针对跳跃电路的输入波形。图6的从上方起第二层及图7表示采用跳跃电路20时的图1中的观测点(3)的波形，即，跳跃电路20的输出波形。
相对于输入波形，跳跃电路20的输出波形在波形的上升时及下降时，产生具有多个峰值的谐振波(振铃(ringing))。包含谐振的第一峰值的波高值超过电源电压(±40V)，产生了所谓跳跃效应。这是因为在波形的上升及下降时引起由L1与(C1+C2)形成的谐振。
但是，如图7所示，继第一峰值的过冲之后，产生了第一峰值的下冲(undershoot)及其后的第二峰值以后的峰值，呈现一边波动一边衰减的状态。如上所述，没有成为如图5所示的真空管放大器的波形的特征即在波形的上升时及下降时特别大幅度地跳跃(跳下)的波形。
图6的从上方起第三层所示的输出波形表示针对最上层的输入波形的跳跃电路20A的输出波形(在图1的观测点(3)的波形)。与跳跃电路20的输出波形(图6中的从上方起第二层)相比，增加由电阻R6及电阻R7形成的阻尼效应，从而抑制线圈L1与电容器C1的谐振、及线圈L1与电容器C2的谐振。
但是，在跳跃电路20A的输出波形中，也产生了继第一峰值的过冲及第一峰值的下冲之后的第二峰值以后的峰值(产生了振铃)，从而没有成为如真空管放大器的输出波形(图5)那样的产生一次过冲及下冲的波形。
图6的从上方起第四层(最下层)及图8所示的输出波形表示针对最上层的输入波形的跳跃电路20B的输出波形(在图1的观测点(3)的波形)。在跳跃电路20B的输出波形中，在与输入脉冲的上升及下降相对应的上升时及下降时，产生具有第一峰值的谐振波(过冲及下冲)。包含谐振的第一峰值的波高值超过电源电压(±40V)，产生了所谓跳跃效应。
并且，与跳跃电路20及跳跃电路20A比较时，在跳跃电路20B中，几乎没有在第一峰值的过冲及下冲以后的振幅，可以说没有产生振铃。即，成为接近真空管放大器的输出波形的波形。
图9表示对跳跃电路20B输入了正侧的输入波形时的跳跃电路20B的等效电路。等效电路包括：电容器C1，其是第一电容性负载；电容器C2，其是包括作为阻尼部件的电阻R3的第二电容性负载；以及二极管D1，其是连接于作为感应性负载的线圈L1与电容器C1之间的整流元件。若利用所述电路说明跳跃电路20B的动作，则是借由线圈L1与电容器C1及电容器C2的谐振，而产生图8所示的第一峰值的过冲。这时，不经由阻尼电阻R3的电容器C1与线圈L1的谐振造成支配性的影响。在此期间，经由阻尼电阻R3对电容器C2延迟充电。
在第一峰值的过冲之后，借由线圈L1与电容器C1的谐振，而引起第一峰值的下冲及其后的第二峰值以后的峰值。但是，通过对电容器C2延迟充电，借由包括电阻R3及电容器C2的积分电路，可抑制由线圈L1及电容器C1形成的谐振所引起的第一峰值的下冲及其后的第二峰值以后的峰值的产生。
图10表示对跳跃电路20B输入了负侧的输入波形时的跳跃电路20B的等效电路。图10的结构与图9的结构进行比较时，调换了电容器C1与电容器C2的功能作用，但是利用与所述正侧波形输入时的说明相同的原理而运行。
另外，也可以取代线圈L或电容器C，而应用包括电子电路等的电子感应性负载或电子电容性负载。如以上所述，根据实施方式的扩大器1的跳跃电路20、跳跃电路20A、跳跃电路20B，利用跳跃电路，能够获得对应于输入脉冲的上升及下降，产生超过电源电压的过冲及下冲的输出波形。并且，根据跳跃电路20A或跳跃电路20B，能够抑制振铃而获得与真空管放大器的输出波形近似的输出波形。实施方式中所示的结构可以在不脱离目的的范围内适当组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种扩大器，包括：
电源；
乐音信号的输入端子；
扩大电路，利用所述电源扩大所述乐音信号；以及
电路，与所述扩大电路的输出端连接，输出超过所述电源的电压值的波形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路是跳跃电路。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路的输出端与扬声器负载串联连接。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路包括控制所述电路的输出波形的跳跃控制电路。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载及电容性负载。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载、电容性负载、以及连接于所述感应性负载与所述电容性负载之间的整流元件。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
所述电路是谐振电路，所述谐振电路包括感应性负载、第一电容性负载、包括阻尼部件的第二电容性负载、以及连接于所述感应性负载与所述第一电容性负载之间的整流元件。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的扩大器，其中
相对于所述乐音信号的输入波形，所述电路的输出波形在波形的上升时及下降时，产生具有多个峰值的谐振波，产生跳跃效应。
9.根据权利要求8所述的扩大器，其中
所述谐振波的产生是借由所述电路的感应性负载及电容性负载而引起。
10.一种乐音信号的波形的输出方法，包括：
通过使用电源的扩大电路来扩大乐音信号；以及
通过与所述扩大电路的输出端连接的电路来输出超过所述电源的电压值的波形。
CN202011493592.7A 2019-12-27 2020-12-17 乐音信号的扩大器以及乐音信号的波形的输出方法 Pending CN113131907A (zh)

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