CN113116935A - 蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113116935A CN113116935A CN202010285159.8A CN202010285159A CN113116935A CN 113116935 A CN113116935 A CN 113116935A CN 202010285159 A CN202010285159 A CN 202010285159A CN 113116935 A CN113116935 A CN 113116935A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- extract
- bufadienolide
- total lactone
- preparation
- dichloromethane
- Prior art date
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Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物及其制备方法和用途。所述蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备方法包括:(1)将干蟾皮以乙醇为提取溶剂得到乙醇提取物;(2)将乙醇提取物上硅胶柱进行层析,以有机溶剂为洗脱溶剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液。其中,所述的洗脱溶剂为二氯甲烷‑丙酮,按照10:1‑8:1‑4:1‑2:1的梯度洗脱体系进行洗脱,收集4:1‑2:1梯度的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物,所得提取物中蟾毒灵含量高26.32%,华蟾酥毒基含量高达34.21%,不含脂蟾毒配基。本发明所制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物中蟾毒灵和华蟾酥毒基的含量达到50%以上,不含脂蟾毒配基,安全性好,有效成分含量高,具有优异的抗肿瘤效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及从蟾皮中提取的抗肿瘤有效成分,尤其涉及蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物及其制备方法,本发明进一步涉及蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途,属于蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物及其用途领域。
背景技术
蟾皮是是蟾蜍科(Bufonidae)动物中华大蟾蜍或黑框蟾蜍的干燥皮,又称蛤蚆皮、癞蟆皮,于夏、秋季捕捉后剥下整皮,晒干而得。本品最早记载于《本经逢原》,自古至今沿用,其性味辛、凉、微毒,主入胃经,具有清热解毒,利水消胀的功效,主治痈疽、肿毒、瘰疬、肿瘤、疳积腹胀、慢性气管炎等症。《本草纲目》记载“蟾蜍其皮,主治恶疮、破症结、肿毒、肠头挺出和一切恶肿等”。
蟾皮的化学成分复杂,主要有蟾蜍甾二烯类化合物,吲哚碱类,甾醇类。其中蟾蜍二烯内酯类化合物是蟾皮中的主要有效成分,具有显著的洋地黄样作用、升压作用、呼吸兴奋作用及治疗原发性肝癌、肺癌、肠癌等。现代医学研究表明,蟾皮中的蟾蜍二烯内酯类化合物具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,对结肠癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、皮肤癌、白血病和宫颈癌等恶性肿瘤均有作用。近年来,用于多种癌症的治疗和配合放、化疗,不仅能够有效抑制癌细胞的过度增殖,还具有改善血象,减轻放、化疗毒副作用的功效,且不良反应小,使用安全、可靠,对骨髓无抑制作用等优点。临床上常用于治疗各种肿瘤、疖痈、腮腺炎、带状疱疹、乙型肝炎、骨髓炎和体表感染等疾病,临床应用广泛
现有从干蟾皮中提取有效成分的方法大致分为两种:一种是水直接提取,然后醇沉两次,再制成成品。经检测,主要含有生物碱类成分及微量的蟾毒内酯类成分,且两类成分纯度极低;另一种是采用乙醇提取,提取物上大孔吸附树脂柱,用30~50%乙醇洗脱,回收乙醇,干燥,再制成成品。醇提取物中生物碱类成分含量30%以上;蟾毒内酯类成分华蟾酥毒基、脂蟾毒配基含量分别为0.02%和0.014%。根据现有的研究文献(赵建斌等:华蟾毒精抗癌作用的体外研究.第四军医大学学报,2001;22(16):1504-1507;黄应申等.脂蟾毒配基通过线粒体途径诱导人肝癌Bel-7402细胞凋亡的研究.中国肿瘤临床,2006;33(20):1141-1145)干蟾皮制剂(如华蟾素注射液、华蟾素片、华蟾素口服液等)抗肿瘤有效成分应为总蟾毒内酯。
但是现有的从干蟾中提取的含有华蟾酥毒基、蟾蜍灵等具有抗肿瘤活性的蟾毒内酯类提取物存在有效成分含量低,脂蟾毒配基等有害成分含量高、杂质多,制剂稳定性差,临床疗效不稳定,不良反应严重且难以控制,亟待改进。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是针对现有的从干蟾皮中提取的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物存在有效成分含量低,脂蟾毒配基等有害成分含量高、杂质多,制剂稳定性差,临床疗效不稳定,不良反应严重等问题,提供一种有效成分含量高,脂蟾毒配基等有害成分含量低、杂质少的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案包括:
一种蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备方法,包括:
(1)将干蟾皮以乙醇为提取溶剂得到乙醇提取物;(2)将乙醇提取物经硅胶柱进行层析,以有机溶剂为洗脱溶剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液,即得;其中,所述的有机溶剂选择二氯甲烷-丙酮、二氯甲烷-甲醇或正己烷-乙酸乙酯中任何一种组成的洗脱溶剂。
本发明通过进一步的试验发现,洗脱溶剂为二氯甲烷-丙酮,按照10:1-8:1-4:1-2:1的梯度洗脱体系进行洗脱,收集二氯甲烷-丙酮4:1-2:1梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ,该提取物中蟾毒灵含量为26.32%,华蟾酥毒基含量为34.21%,两种成分含量和为60.54%;此外,该提取物中不含脂蟾毒配基。
当洗脱溶剂是二氯甲烷-甲醇按照50:1-30:1-10:1-5:1的梯度洗脱体系进行梯度洗脱,收集二氯甲烷-甲醇(30:1-10:1)梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ,该提取物中蟾毒灵含量为27.33%,华蟾酥毒基含量为27.34%,两种成分含量和为54.67%,该提取物Ⅲ中不含脂蟾毒配基。
当洗脱溶剂是正己烷-乙酸乙酯按照5:1-2:1-1:1的体系梯度洗脱,收集正己烷-乙酸乙酯(2:1)的梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ,该提取物中脂蟾毒配基含量为2.16%,华蟾酥毒基含量为12.93%,蟾毒灵含量为10.77%,三种成分含量和为25.86%。
当洗脱溶剂是二氯甲烷-丙酮按照10:1-2:1的体系梯度洗脱,收集二氯甲烷-丙酮(2:1)的梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ,提取物中脂蟾毒配基含量为7.63%,华蟾酥毒基含量为2.06%,蟾毒灵含量为1.03%,三种成分含量和仅为10.73%。
蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物钠钾ATP酶毒性实验结果可见,蟾皮80%乙醇提取物实验组对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度为1379.00ng/mL;蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ实验组的对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度为961.90ng/mL;蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ实验组,对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度为419.60ng/mL;蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ实验组对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度为3231.00ng/mL;蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ实验组对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度为3595.00ng/mL。
本发明的4种蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物以及蟾皮的80%乙醇提取物对Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的抑制作用均极显著低于地高辛;由于蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ和蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ中由于没有脂蟾毒配基,对Na+-K+-ATP酶的半数抑制浓度极显著高于其它的提取物,毒副作用显著降低,安全性最佳。
本发明的4种蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物以及蟾皮的80%乙醇提取物对于人肺腺癌细胞系NCI-H1299、人肺鳞癌细胞系SK-MES-1、人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞T84、人结肠癌细胞SW620、人胶质瘤细胞U251和人肝癌细胞HepG2均有显著的体外抑制活性,其中,蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ和蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ对于各种肿瘤细胞的抑制率显著优于其它的提取物。
本发明蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物可制备成各种供临床使用的药物制剂,具有杀灭肿瘤细胞、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞新生血管形成、降低肿瘤转移率等功效,可以用于治疗原发性肝癌、肺癌、结肠癌、乳腺癌、胶质瘤、消化道癌、白血病等各种肿瘤。
本发明蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物可以加入制备不同剂型时所需的各种辅料和药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体后,以常规的药物制剂方法制备成任何一种适宜的临床制剂,例如可以是注射剂(粉针、冻干粉针、水针、输液等)、片剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、软胶囊、滴丸等,优选为注射用冻干粉针剂。其中,所述的辅料可以是抗氧络合剂、填充剂、骨架材料等;所述的药学上可接受的载体是木糖醇、甘露醇、乳糖、果糖、葡聚糖、葡萄糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、低分子右旋糖酐、氯化钠、葡萄糖酸钙或磷酸钙中的一种或几种,优选为甘露醇或乳糖。
作为参考,一种将本发明蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物制成冻干粉针的制备方法,包括:向干蟾皮的总蟾毒内酯提取物中加入增溶剂丙二醇或吐温80,再加入活性炭吸附剂和药用载体;搅拌加热、溶解、过滤、除热源、灭菌、灌装;冷冻干燥,即得。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
1、干蟾皮乙醇提取物的制备
干蟾皮10kg,加入90%乙醇10倍量提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏,制得乙醇提取物1.92kg(药材当量为5.04g生药/g),相对密度1.16。
2、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
取干蟾皮乙醇提取物51g,加入76g硅胶拌样,干法装柱干法上样,以二氯甲烷-丙酮(10:1-2:1)体系梯度洗脱,薄层色谱跟踪硅胶柱层析效果,收集得到二氯甲烷-丙酮(2:1)洗脱液,回收溶剂并干燥,即得蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ。
实施例2蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
1、干蟾皮乙醇提取物的制备
干蟾皮10kg,加入90%乙醇10倍量提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏,制得乙醇提取物1.92kg(药材当量为5.04g生药/g),相对密度1.16。
2、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
取干蟾皮乙醇提取物53g,加入75g硅胶拌样,干法装柱干法上样,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯(5:1-2:1-1:1)体系梯度洗脱,薄层色谱跟踪硅胶柱层析效果,收集得到正己烷-乙酸乙酯(2:1)洗脱液,回收溶剂并干燥,即得蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ。
实施例3蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
1、干蟾皮乙醇提取物的制备
干蟾皮10kg,加入90%乙醇10倍量提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏,制得乙醇提取物1.92kg(药材当量为5.04g生药/g),相对密度1.16。
2、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
取干蟾皮乙醇提取物48g,加入76g硅胶拌样,干法装柱干法上样,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(50:1-30:1-10:1-5:1)体系梯度洗脱,薄层色谱跟踪硅胶柱层析效果,收集得到二氯甲烷-甲醇(30:1-10:1)洗脱液,回收溶剂并干燥,即得蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ。
实施例4蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
1、干蟾皮乙醇提取物的制备
干蟾皮10kg,加入90%乙醇10倍量提取3次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏,制得乙醇提取物1.92kg(药材当量为5.04g生药/g),相对密度1.16。
2、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备
取干蟾皮乙醇提取物52g,加入74g硅胶拌样,干法装柱干法上样,以二氯甲烷-丙酮(10:1-8:1-4:1-2:1)体系梯度洗脱,薄层色谱跟踪硅胶柱层析效果,收集得到二氯甲烷-丙酮(4:1-2:1)洗脱液,回收溶剂并干燥,即得蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ。
试验例1蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物中单体化合物的分离纯化及含量测定
一、单体化合物的分离纯化
干蟾皮提取物浸膏约500g(相当于干膏238g),500g硅胶拌样,硅胶柱干法装柱干法上样,二氯甲烷-甲醇(50:1-5:1)梯度洗脱,薄层色谱监控柱层析效果,将流份粗划段,分为A~D共4份;其中A、B段为小极性部位,D段为大极性部位,均不含蟾蜍甾烯总内酯。
C段52.3g,经硅胶柱色谱分离,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯系统梯度洗脱(20:1-2:1),得到6个流份C-1~6;C-1经反复硅胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),制备液相色谱分离纯化得到Ⅰ;C-2经反复硅胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),乙酸乙酯结晶得到Ⅱ、Ⅲ;C-3经反复硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),乙酸乙酯结晶得到Ⅳ、Ⅴ,甲醇结晶得到Ⅵ;C-4经反复硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),乙酸乙酯结晶得到Ⅶ,C-5经反复硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),丙酮结晶得到Ⅷ,制备液相色谱分离纯化得到Ⅸ;C-6经反复硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱分离纯化(正己烷-乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷-甲醇),制备液相分离纯化得到Ⅹ。
表1蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物中所分离的单体化合物
二、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物中单体化合物的含量测定
色谱条件:
1.蟾毒灵检测条件
流动相A:0.5%磷酸二氢钾溶液(称取磷酸二氢钾5.001g至1000ml水中,磷酸调pH值至3.20)
流动相B:乙腈
柱温:40℃
检测波长:296nm
按以下表2的梯度洗脱条件进行洗脱。
表2梯度洗脱条件
时间(min) | A% | B% |
0 | 70 | 30 |
50 | 70 | 30 |
55 | 30 | 70 |
63 | 30 | 70 |
64 | 70 | 30 |
70 | 70 | 30 |
2.脂蟾毒配基和华蟾酥毒基检测条件:
流动相:0.5%磷酸二氢钾溶液(称取磷酸二氢钾5.0021g至1000ml水中,磷酸调pH值至3.20)-乙腈=50:50,等度洗脱;
柱温:40℃
检测波长:296nm
流速:0.8ml/min
3、检测结果
经含量测定,实施例1所制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ中脂蟾毒配基含量为7.63%,华蟾酥毒基含量为2.06%,蟾毒灵含量为1.03%,三种成分含量和为10.73%
实施例2所制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ中脂蟾毒配基含量为2.16%,华蟾酥毒基含量为12.93%,蟾毒灵含量为10.77%,三种成分含量和为25.86%。
实施例3所制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ中结果蟾毒灵含量为27.33%,华蟾酥毒基含量为27.34%,两种成分含量和为54.67%,不含脂蟾毒配基。
实施例4所制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ中蟾毒灵含量为26.32%,华蟾酥毒基含量为34.21%,两种成分含量和为60.54%,不含脂蟾毒配基。
实验例2蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物钠钾ATP酶毒性实验
1.实验材料
表3实验材料
2.实验仪器
二氧化碳培养箱,上海博迅
低速离心机,湖南赫西
超声波处理器,上海生析
恒温水浴箱,江苏国华
水平冷冻离心机,Eppendorf,German
酶标仪,Thermo,Finland
3.实验方法
3.1细胞培养
将大鼠心肌细胞H9c2用高糖DMEM培养基(含10%胎牛血清)于5%CO2的培养箱中培养,扩增至一定细胞量后,将H9c2细胞等量均匀传至7个100mm培养皿中。待各皿中细胞生长至汇合度达90%时,进行药物干预。
3.2药品配制
按实验分批依次精密称取:蟾皮80%乙醇提取物、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ(10%)、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ(20%)、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ(50%)、蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ(60%)适量置于离心管,加适量95%乙醇溶解,分别稀释为质量浓度为1mg/mL的母液。分别用无血清DMEM高糖培养基梯度稀释成浓度为40ng/mL,80ng/mL,160ng/mL,320ng/mL,500ng/mL的含药培养基(各浓度配制6mL)。
精密称取地高辛适量,置于离心管,加入适量DMSO溶解得终浓度为100μmol/mL的母液。用无血清DMEM高糖培养基将其稀释成地高辛浓度为100μM的含药培养基(配制6mL)。
3.3药物干预
将7皿细胞分别去除原培养基,向各皿中分别加入空白培养基、5个浓度的含药培养基、以及含100μM地高辛培养基。干预36h。
3.4Na+-K+-ATP酶活性检测
5种蟾皮提取物对大鼠心肌细胞H9c2中Na+-K+-ATP酶活性抑制作用的实验结果如下:
(1)蟾皮80%乙醇提取物实验组,与空白对照组相比,在干预浓度超过80ng/mL时Na+-K+-ATP酶活力呈现极显著抑制(p<0.01),半数抑制浓度为1379.00ng/mL;
(2)实施例1制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(10%)实验组,与空白对照组对比,干预浓度达160ng/mL后,对Na+-K+-ATP酶活力呈现极显著抑制(p<0.01),半数抑制浓度为961.90ng/mL;
(3)实施例2制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(20%)实验组,与空白对照组对比,干预浓度超过160ng/mL后,对Na+-K+-ATP酶活力呈现极显著抑制(p<0.01),半数抑制浓度为419.60ng/mL;
(4)实施例3制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(50%)实验组,与空白对照组相比,干预浓度超过80ng/mL后,对Na+-K+-ATP酶活力呈现极显著抑制(p<0.01),半数抑制浓度为3231.00ng/mL;
(5)实施例4制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(60%)实验组,与空白对照组相比,干预浓度达到160ng/mL时,对Na+-K+-ATP酶活力呈现显著抑制(p<0.05),超过320ng/mL出现极显著性抑制(p<0.01),其半数抑制浓度为3595.00ng/mL;
根据实验结果可见,5种蟾皮提取物对Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的抑制作用均极显著低于地高辛;它们对Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的抑制作用由强到弱的顺序为:实施例2制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(20%)>实施例1制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(10%)>蟾皮80%乙醇提取物>实施例3制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(50%)>实施例4制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物(60%)。
实验例2蟾皮提取物抗肿瘤作用体外实验
1实验材料和方法
1.1供试物质:蟾皮乙醇提取物(实验1组)、实施例1制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅰ(10%)(实验2组)、实施例2制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅱ(20%)(实验3组)、实施例3制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ(50%)(实验4组)、实施例4制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ(60%)(实验5组)和华蟾素(实验6组)。
1.2实验细胞:人肺腺癌细胞系NCI-H1299、人肺鳞癌细胞系SK-MES-1、人结肠腺癌肺转移细胞T84、人结肠癌细胞SW620、人胶质瘤细胞U251和人肝癌细胞HepG2,以上细胞均购买自中国科学院典型培养物保藏委员会细胞库/中国科学院上海生命科学研究院细胞资源中心或美国模式培养物集存库ATCC。
1.3剂量设计:首先利用CCK-8测定6种蟾皮提取物在0.06、0.13、0.25、0.5、1、2mg/L剂量下对NCI-H1299肿瘤细胞加药孵育72小时的IC50,从而确定6种蟾皮提取物后期试验终浓度。6种蟾皮提取物在0.06、0.13、0.25、0.5、1、2mg/L剂量下对NCI-H1299肿瘤细胞加药孵育72小时的IC50为0.1358、0.1439、3.765e-6(Ambiguous)、5.019e-5(Ambiguous)、4.202e-6(Ambiguous)和6805(Ambiguous)。根据该结果确定6种蟾皮提取物后期试验终浓度设计为:蟾皮乙醇提取物、蟾蜍甾烯总内酯(10%)和华蟾素为0.06、0.13、0.25、0.5、1、2mg/L,蟾蜍甾烯总内酯(20%)、蟾蜍甾烯总内酯(50%)、和蟾蜍甾烯总内酯(60%)为0.00002、0.0002、0.002、0.02、0.2、2mg/L。
1.4CCK-8实验方法:
调整细胞密度约为4×104个/mL,96孔培养板内每孔加细胞悬液100μL(每孔约4×103个)。于37℃、5%CO2的饱和湿度培养箱中培养12~24小时后加药。
6种蟾皮提取物均用基础培养基稀释,具体配制浓度见表4;阴性对照组为基础培养基;吸去原培养液后每孔加100μL,每个剂量设3个复孔。药物处理48h后,每孔加入10μLCCK-8液,继续培养1-4h后,选450nm为检测波长,酶标仪测定吸光度。
百分抑制率计算:将相同药物浓度加药孔OD值(T)与阴性对照孔OD均值(C)比较,以下列公式计算出各浓度组的百分抑制率[抑制率=(1-T/C)×100%]。
2.实验结果
表4 5种蟾皮提取物抗肿瘤药效实验结果
根据实验结果可见,5种蟾皮提取物对于6种肿瘤细胞均具有一定的抑制效果,其中,实验4组(实施例3制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅲ)和实验5组(实施例4制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物Ⅳ)对于各种肿瘤细胞的抑制率显著优于其它的实验组。
Claims (10)
1.一种蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,其制备方法包括:
(1)将干蟾皮以乙醇为提取溶剂得到乙醇提取物;(2)将乙醇提取物经硅胶柱进行层析,以有机溶剂为洗脱溶剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液,即得。
2.按照权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷-丙酮、二氯甲烷-甲醇或正己烷-乙酸乙酯组成的洗脱溶剂中的任何一种。
3.按照权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的洗脱溶剂为二氯甲烷-丙酮,按照10:1-8:1-4:1-2:1的梯度洗脱体系进行洗脱,收集二氯甲烷-丙酮为4:1-2:1梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物。
4.按照权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,洗脱溶剂是二氯甲烷-甲醇,按照50:1-30:1-10:1-5:1的梯度洗脱体系进行梯度洗脱,收集二氯甲烷-甲醇为30:1-10:1梯度洗脱体系的洗脱液得到蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物。
5.由权利要求1-4任何一项所述的制备方法制备的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物。
6.权利要求5所述的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
7.按照权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的肿瘤包括但不限于肝癌、肺癌、结肠癌、乳腺癌、胶质瘤、消化道癌或白血病。
8.一种治疗肿瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于,包括治疗上有效量的权利要求5所述的蟾皮甾烯总内酯提取物和药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
9.按照权利要求8所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的肿瘤包括但不限于肝癌、肺癌、结肠癌、乳腺癌、胶质瘤、消化道癌或白血病。
10.按照权利要求8所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,以常规的药物制剂方法制备成任何一种适宜的临床制剂;优选的,所述的制剂包括注射剂、片剂、口服液、颗粒剂、胶囊剂或滴丸。
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