CN113068650A - Semi-circulating aquaculture system with self-purification function for cold water fish in mountainous area and utilization method - Google Patents
Semi-circulating aquaculture system with self-purification function for cold water fish in mountainous area and utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cold water fish culture, and relates to a mountainous cold water fish semi-circulating water culture system with a self-cleaning function and a utilization method. The system comprises a cold water fish culture pond, a water body ecological purification pond, a nanotube air-lift water circulating device, a composite water purifying device, an ecological floating bed and a water baffle, wherein a separation wall is arranged between the cold water fish culture pond and the ecological purification pond, the tail of the pond is communicated with the ecological purification pond, and the system comprises a water inlet positioned in the culture pond and a water outlet positioned in the water body ecological purification pond. Erect the compound purifier who contains water planting field planting board and biochemical brush in the ecological purification tank to collocation ecological bed that floats through cultivateing low temperature resistant microorganism and planting low temperature resistant aquatic plant and decompose and absorb the pollutant in the water, realize the ecological purification of water. The nanotube air-lift water circulating device efficiently increases oxygen in the water body after ecological purification and pushes the water body into the cold water fish culture pond, so that semi-cyclic utilization of the water body is realized. Meanwhile, the water outlet of the ecological purification pond is provided with the water discharging device capable of adjusting water discharging amount, the water discharging amount of the water body after ecological purification is increased in a rich water period, the water discharging amount is reduced in a dry water period, and the air-stripping water circulation amount is increased, so that the problems of insufficient water amount and insufficient dissolved oxygen in the dry water period are solved, the tail water of cold water fish culture can be discharged up to the standard, and the green development of the cold water fish culture industry is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cold water fish culture, and particularly relates to a mountainous cold water fish semi-circulating water culture system with a self-purification function and a utilization method.
Background
Cold water fishes such as sturgeons, rainbow trout and the like are important famous fish breeding varieties in China, and are deeply favored by consumers due to the advantages of high protein content, delicious meat taste, no muscle prickling, high unsaturated fatty acid (EPA and DHA) content and the like. At present, cold water fishes in China are mainly cultured in a mountain cold flowing water culture mode, namely water is introduced into a culture pond through a natural river channel, and culture water is directly discharged into a natural water body after passing through the culture pond, so that huge threats are caused to the water environment.
In 2019, in 2 months, the Ministry of agricultural rural areas in China issued a plurality of opinions on accelerating the green development of aquaculture industry, and the opinions propose to promote the emission standard of tail water pollutants of aquaculture and carry out the environmental impact evaluation of aquaculture projects according to law. Therefore, the current mode of flowing water culture of cold water fish in mountainous areas in China cannot meet the overall requirements of national ecological civilization construction and green development of aquaculture industry, and the ecological treatment and standard discharge of culture tail water are urgently needed. In addition, the flowing water in the mountainous area has a rich water period and a low water period, the exchange rate of the aquaculture water is low due to small water flow in the low water period, the water quality is easy to deteriorate, and the dissolved oxygen of the water is difficult to guarantee, but the digging of a well in the mountainous area is difficult, so that the underground water cannot be effectively utilized, the aquaculture of the cold water fish in the low water period is limited, and even a large amount of cultured fish die due to the deterioration of the water quality and the insufficient dissolved oxygen.
The water treatment and recycling technology of the common non-cold water non-flowing water aquaculture pond has been reported. For example, Liumei and the like report the research on the treatment effect of the multi-stage combined process of three ponds and two dams on the tail water of the culture of the internal pond (environmental engineering technical report, 2021,11(1): 97-106). Patent CN 108203161B discloses a device and a method for treating and recycling aquaculture tail water. However, no report is found on the research on ecological purification and recycling of the cold running water aquaculture water body in the mountainous area, and the related technology is not mature. Compared with the traditional non-cold water non-running water aquaculture pond, the water purification of the cold water fish running water aquaculture pond has higher technical difficulty, and as the water flow speed in mountainous areas is higher, the retention time of the water in the aquaculture pond is shorter, and the temperature is lower, a plurality of prior arts are difficult to effectively apply. Therefore, the development of ecological purification and recycling technology of the cold water fish culture water body in the mountainous area is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mountainous cold water fish semi-circulating aquaculture system with a self-cleaning function and a utilization method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
1. the utility model provides a mountain area cold water fish semi-circulating water farming systems with self-purification function which characterized in that: the system comprises a cold water fish culture pond, a water body ecological purification pond, a nanotube air-stripping water circulating device, a composite water purifying device, an ecological floating bed and a water baffle, wherein a separation wall is arranged between the cold water fish culture pond and the ecological purification pond, the tail of the pond is communicated with the ecological purification pond, and the system comprises a water inlet positioned in the cold water fish culture pond and a water outlet positioned in the water body ecological purification pond;
the distance between the tail end of the isolation wall and the tail wall body of the system pool is 1/10 of the length of the wall body of the long side of the system, the distance between the head end of the isolation wall and the head wall body of the system pool is 1/10 of the length of the wall body of the long side of the system, and one end of the water baffle is connected with the head end of the isolation wall;
a nanotube air lift water circulating device is arranged between the head end of the separation wall and the head wall body of the system tank, the nanotube air lift water circulating device consists of a vortex type air pump, a nanotube aeration pipe and a front baffle and a rear baffle, a gap of 20cm is reserved between the bottom end of the front baffle and the bottom of the tank, the top end of the front baffle is higher than the water surface of the system, no gap is reserved between the bottom end of the rear baffle and the bottom of the tank, the sizes of the front baffle and the rear baffle are equal, and the distance between the front baffle and the rear baffle is smaller than the;
the water outlet is positioned at the bottom of the water body ecological purification pool, the water outlet is provided with a drainage device capable of adjusting the drainage quantity, the drainage device consists of a sleeve, two drainage pipes and an underground water pipe, one end of the underground water pipe is positioned at the inner side of the ecological purification pool, the pipe orifice of the underground water pipe is flush with the ground, the other end of the underground water pipe is positioned at the outer side of the ecological purification pool, the outer side end of the underground water pipe is connected with one drainage pipe, and the sleeve;
the composite water purifying device, the ecological floating bed and the water baffle are positioned in the water body ecological purifying tank;
the compound water purifying device consists of a water planting plant field planting plate and a biochemical hairbrush, wherein the water planting plant field planting plate is a cuboid, field planting holes are formed in the field planting plate, the distance between the field planting holes is 15cm, the diameter of the biochemical hairbrush is 12cm, the length of the biochemical hairbrush is 30cm, the compound water purifying device is fixed below the water planting plant field planting plate, and the distance between the biochemical hairbrushes is 12 cm;
the ecological floating bed consists of PVC pipes and netting, the PVC pipes are connected into a frame, and the netting with the aperture of 3cm is wrapped on the frame to form an upper layer net structure and a lower layer net structure.
2. The utility model provides a mountain area cold water fish semi-circulating water farming systems with self-purification function which characterized in that: one part of the composite water purifying device is close to the separation wall and the long-edge wall body of the system, the other part of the composite water purifying device is perpendicular to the water flow direction and is distributed at the tail side of the water body ecological purifying pool, and the ecological floating bed floats in the center of the water body ecological purifying pool.
3. A method for ecological purification and cyclic utilization of a cold water fish culture water body by adopting a mountainous cold water fish semi-circulating water culture system with a self-purification function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, wherein the bacillus is 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, opening the water inlet and the water outlet after splashing for 3-10 days, and finishing the biochemical hairbrush microorganism pre-biofilm formation of the composite water purifying device;
(2) planting low-temperature-resistant water culture plants by adopting a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed, wherein the spacing between the plants is 15-20cm, the plants comprise one or a mixture of more of wild cress, pakchoi, pennisetum macrocarpum and Siberian iris, the area of the composite water purifying device is 10-13% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 8-10% of the total area of the system;
(3) and opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting the cold water fish into the cold water fish culture pond.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, through the ecological purification and semi-circulation method, the circulation quantity is increased and the water discharge is reduced in the dry season, so that the supply of the culture water body is ensured, the dependence of cold water fish culture on water resources is reduced, the growth performance of cold water fish is obviously improved, and the culture economic benefit is greatly improved.
(2) The invention jointly applies the composite water purifying device and the ecological floating bed to culture microorganisms, plant hydroponic plants and hydroponic vegetables, purify aquaculture water, ensure the water quality of circulating water and reduce the discharge of aquaculture waste.
(3) The composite water purifying device can effectively utilize the lower layer space of the water planting field planting plate, and the fixed biochemical brush can play a role in fixing and protecting the root system of the aquatic plant, so that the root system of the aquatic plant is prevented from directly floating in water, and the root system of the aquatic plant is prevented from being broken due to the movement of water flow or fish.
(3) The invention adopts the nano aeration pipe to carry out air water lifting, can effectively push water, has lower cost, can efficiently oxygenate oxygen and accelerates the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water body.
(4) Compared with the common non-cold water non-flowing water pond, the system screens low-temperature-resistant bacteria and low-temperature-resistant water culture plants or vegetables, can efficiently decompose and remove nutritive salts in the culture water body under the low-temperature condition, and reduces water environment pollution.
(5) The system has simple construction flow and low cost, does not need expensive water treatment equipment, and is suitable for mass development and production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a semi-circulating water aquaculture system for cold water fish in mountainous area with self-cleaning function
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a composite water purifying device
FIG. 3 ecological floating bed diagram
FIG. 4 is a front view of a nanotube lift water circulation device
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a nanotube lift water circulation device
FIG. 6 top view of a nanotube lift water circulation device
FIG. 7 is a water discharge apparatus capable of adjusting a water discharge amount
FIG. 8 Low temperature resistant hydroponic plant growth conditions
FIG. 9 shows the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitric acid nitrogen, Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) in the influent and effluent water of the treatment group (example 3) and the control group (conventional mountain area flowing water cultivation method), and the values of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).
FIG. 10 weight gain of sturgeons cultured in the treatment group (example 3) and the control group (conventional mountain-area running water culture method).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Establishing and using a semi-circulating water culture system of a sturgeon flow culture base in Qinling mountains. A semi-circulating water aquaculture system for the cold water fish in the mountainous area is established by referring to the figures 1 to 7 and is used according to the following method: (1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, wherein the bacillus is 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, and opening the water inlet after 3 days of splashing to finish the biochemical brush microbe pre-hanging film of the composite water purifying device. (2) Wild cress, pakchoi, imperial crown celery and Siberian iris are planted by adopting a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed, the spacing between plants is 15-20cm, the area of the composite water purifying device is 10% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 8% of the total area of the system. (3) And opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting sturgeons into the cold water fish culture pond.
Example 2
Establishing and using a semi-circulating water culture system of a sturgeon flow culture base in Qinling mountains. A semi-circulating water aquaculture system for cold water fish is established by referring to fig. 1 to 7 and is used according to the following method: (1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, Bacillus 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, and opening the water inlet after splashing for 10 days to finish the biochemical brush microbe pre-hanging film of the composite water purifying device. (2) By usingThe composite water purifier and the ecological floating bed are used for planting wild cress, pakchoi, imperial crown celery and Siberian iris, the spacing between plants is 15-20cm, the area of the composite water purifier is 13% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 10% of the total area of the system. (3) And opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting sturgeons into the cold water fish culture pond.
Example 3
Establishing and using a semi-circulating water culture system of a sturgeon flow culture base in Qinling mountains. A semi-circulating water aquaculture system for cold water fish is established by referring to fig. 1 to 7 and is used according to the following method: (1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, Bacillus 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, and opening the water inlet after 5 days of splashing to finish the biochemical brush microbe pre-hanging film of the composite water purifying device. (2) Wild cress, pakchoi, imperial crown celery and Siberian iris are planted by adopting a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed, the spacing between plants is 15-20cm, the area of the composite water purifying device is 11% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 9% of the total area of the system. (3) And opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting sturgeons into the cold water fish culture pond.
Example 4
Establishing and using a semi-circulating water culture system of a sturgeon flow culture base in Qinling mountains. A semi-circulating water aquaculture system for cold water fish is established by referring to fig. 1 to 7 and is used according to the following method: (1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, Bacillus 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, and opening a water inlet after 7 days of splashing to finish the biochemical hairbrush microorganism pre-hanging film of the composite water purifying device. (2) Wild cress, pakchoi, imperial crown celery and Siberian iris are planted by adopting a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed, the spacing between plants is 15-20cm, the area of the composite water purifying device is 12% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 10% of the total area of the system. (3) Open nanotube lift waterAnd the circulating device is used for throwing sturgeons into the cold water fish culture pond.
Example 5
Establishing and using a semi-circulating water culture system of a sturgeon flow culture base in Qinling mountains. A semi-circulating water aquaculture system for cold water fish is established by referring to fig. 1 to 7 and is used according to the following method: (1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, Bacillus 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, and opening the water inlet after 5 days of splashing to finish the biochemical brush microbe pre-hanging film of the composite water purifying device. (2) The method is characterized in that a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed are adopted to plant wild cress, the spacing between plants is 15-20cm, the area of the composite water purifying device is 11% of the total area of a system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 9% of the total area of the system. (3) And opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting sturgeons into the cold water fish culture pond.
Test example 1 evaluation of the Pre-biofilm Effect of microorganisms with Biochemical Brush
The pre-filming effect of the bio-chemical brush microorganisms of the composite water purifying devices of examples 1-5 was evaluated by observing for 10 days, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Pre-filming effect of the examples
| Examples | Pre-filming effect |
| Example 1 | Less film forming amount |
| Example 2 | Obviously visible hanging film |
| Example 3 | The film forming amount is large |
| Example 4 | The film forming amount is similar to that of example 3 |
| Example 5 | The film forming amount is large |
Test example 2 evaluation of growth Effect of hydroponic plants
The growth of the hydroponic plants grown on the composite water purification devices and ecological floating beds of examples 1 to 5 was observed for 5 weeks, and the difference in growth of the hydroponic plants in each example was compared. The test results are shown in FIG. 7 and Table 2.
The results show that the growth effect of the pakchoi and the wild cress planted on the composite water purifying device and the ecological floating bed is obvious, while the Siberian iris has the growth trend but the growth effect is not obvious. The initial height of the Chinese cabbage is about 5cm, the width of the Chinese cabbage is 5cm, the height of the Chinese cabbage reaches 50-60cm and the width of the Chinese cabbage reaches 30-40cm after the test is finished (figure 8 a); after the test is finished, the phaleria macrocarpa grows from the initial plant height of about 5-10cm to the plant height of 30cm, and the growth is adaptive. (FIG. 8 b); the wild cress grows rapidly in the later period of the test, and grows into a large plant with the height of 30-50cm and the width of 50-60cm from the initial leafless rhizome (figure 8 c). Siberian iris growth was not evident, but plant survival was high (fig. 8 d).
TABLE 2 comparison of plant growth before and after the test (height of plant cm. times. width of plant cm)
Experimental example 3 experiment of ecological water purification effect
Taking the traditional running water culture method as a control group, taking the example 3 as a treatment group, collecting inlet water and outlet water samples of the treatment tank and the control tank, measuring the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, TN and TP and COD value, and evaluating the water quality conditions of the two culture methods. The test results are shown in FIG. 9.
The result shows that nutrient substances of the aquaculture water body which is not subjected to ecological purification and circulating treatment in the control group are obviously accumulated, the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, TN and TP and the COD value at the water outlet are obviously higher than those at the water inlet, particularly, the ammonia nitrogen is increased by 2 times compared with the water inlet, and the TP is increased by 4 times, which indicates that the water environment is polluted to a certain extent by the traditional cold water fish running water aquaculture. Compared with the control group, the nitrate nitrogen and TP contents of the water body of the treatment group are obviously reduced after passing through the purification area, and are respectively reduced by about 7 percent and 42 percent. Other indexes such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, COD and the like are not obviously increased, and the obvious removing effect of the nutrient salts such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, TN, TP and the like accumulated in the culture process is proved in the embodiment 3.
Test example 4 evaluation test of growth Performance of Cold Water Fish
The traditional flow culture method was used as a control group, and example 3 was used as a treatment group. Sturgeons are respectively put in the control pool and the treatment pool, the average weight of the sturgeons is 500g, and the putting density is 1.8kg per square meter. Selecting commercial feed, feeding regularly (7: 00-7:30, 12: 30-13: 00, 18:00-18: 30), feeding 3 times per day, and feeding equal amount of feed in the treatment pond and the control pond according to the ingestion condition of the fish. During the test, the water quality conditions such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and the like are concerned, the water flow is kept smooth, the growth condition of the fish and the like are observed, the record is made, and the test period is 5 weeks. And (5) measuring the final weight of the cultured fish after the test is finished, and calculating the weight gain rate. Weight gain (%) =100 × (final weight-initial weight)/initial weight. The test results are shown in FIG. 10.
The results show that the weight gain rate of the sturgeon in the control group is 55 percent, and the weight gain rate of the sturgeon in the treated group reaches 99 percent. The results show that the treated group can significantly improve the growth performance of sturgeons compared to the control group.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a mountain area cold water fish semi-circulating water farming systems with self-purification function which characterized in that: the system comprises a cold water fish culture pond, a water body ecological purification pond, a nanotube air-stripping water circulating device, a composite water purifying device, an ecological floating bed and a water baffle, wherein a separation wall is arranged between the cold water fish culture pond and the ecological purification pond, the tail of the pond is communicated with the ecological purification pond, and the system comprises a water inlet positioned in the cold water fish culture pond and a water outlet positioned in the water body ecological purification pond;
the distance between the tail end of the isolation wall and the tail wall body of the system pool is 1/10 of the length of the wall body of the long side of the system, the distance between the head end of the isolation wall and the head wall body of the system pool is 1/10 of the length of the wall body of the long side of the system, and one end of the water baffle is connected with the head end of the isolation wall;
a nanotube air lift water circulating device is arranged between the head end of the separation wall and the head wall body of the system tank, the nanotube air lift water circulating device consists of a vortex type air pump, a nanotube aeration pipe and a front baffle and a rear baffle, a gap of 20cm is reserved between the bottom end of the front baffle and the bottom of the tank, the top end of the front baffle is higher than the water surface of the system, no gap is reserved between the bottom end of the rear baffle and the bottom of the tank, the sizes of the front baffle and the rear baffle are equal, and the distance between the front baffle and the rear baffle is smaller than the;
the water outlet is positioned at the bottom of the water body ecological purification pool, the water outlet is provided with a drainage device capable of adjusting the drainage quantity, the drainage device consists of a sleeve, two drainage pipes and an underground water pipe, one end of the underground water pipe is positioned at the inner side of the ecological purification pool, the pipe orifice of the underground water pipe is flush with the ground, the other end of the underground water pipe is positioned at the outer side of the ecological purification pool, the outer side end of the underground water pipe is connected with one drainage pipe, and the sleeve;
the composite water purifying device, the ecological floating bed and the water baffle are positioned in the water body ecological purifying tank;
the compound water purifying device consists of a water planting plant field planting plate and a biochemical hairbrush, wherein the water planting plant field planting plate is a cuboid, field planting holes are formed in the field planting plate, the distance between the field planting holes is 15cm, the diameter of the biochemical hairbrush is 12cm, the length of the biochemical hairbrush is 30cm, the compound water purifying device is fixed below the water planting plant field planting plate, and the distance between the biochemical hairbrushes is 12 cm;
the ecological floating bed consists of PVC pipes and netting, the PVC pipes are connected into a frame, and the netting with the aperture of 3cm is wrapped on the frame to form an upper layer net structure and a lower layer net structure.
2. The semi-circulating water aquaculture system with self-cleaning function for the cold water fish in the mountainous area as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one part of the composite water purifying device is close to the separation wall and the long-edge wall body of the system, the other part of the composite water purifying device is perpendicular to the water flow direction and is distributed at the tail side of the water body ecological purifying pool, and the ecological floating bed floats in the center of the water body ecological purifying pool.
3. The method for ecological purification and recycling of a cold water fish culture water body by using the system of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that:
(1) blocking the water inlet of the culture pond, splashing the zymogen liquid produced after fermentation into the water body ecological purification pond, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of the zymogen liquid is 3.6 multiplied by 108cfu/ml, wherein the bacillus is 6.5X 107cfu/ml, lactic acid bacteria 2.9X 108cfu/ml, opening a water inlet after splashing for 3-10 days to finish the biochemical hairbrush microorganism pre-biofilm formation of the composite water purifying device;
(2) planting low-temperature-resistant water culture plants by adopting a composite water purifying device and an ecological floating bed, wherein the spacing between the plants is 15-20cm, the plants comprise one or a mixture of more of wild cress, pakchoi, pennisetum macrocarpum and Siberian iris, the area of the composite water purifying device is 10-13% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 8-10% of the total area of the system;
(3) and opening the nanotube air-lift water circulation device, and putting the cold water fish into the cold water fish culture pond.
4. The method for ecological purification and recycling of the cold water fish culture water body by using the system of claim 3 is characterized in that:
the pre-film-hanging time in the step (1) is 5-7 days;
the hydroponic plants in the step (2) are one or two of wild cress and pakchoi, the area of the composite water purifying device is 11% of the total area of the system, and the area of the ecological floating bed is 9% of the total area of the system.
5. The system of claim 1, for use in cold water fish farming and purification of water for cold water fish farming in mountainous areas.
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