CN112956369A - Method for inhibiting growth of weeds in tea garden - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting growth of weeds in tea garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN112956369A CN112956369A CN202110138795.2A CN202110138795A CN112956369A CN 112956369 A CN112956369 A CN 112956369A CN 202110138795 A CN202110138795 A CN 202110138795A CN 112956369 A CN112956369 A CN 112956369A
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- tea
- tea garden
- weeds
- garden
- weeding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for inhibiting growth of weeds in a tea garden, and belongs to the technical field of weeding. The invention discloses a method for inhibiting weed growth in a tea garden. The method has no pollution to the tea garden and no chemical residue; the tea is put into once, the cost is low, the income is obvious, and the quality of the tea is obviously improved; normal tea garden management such as tea garden fertilization, pruning, drought resistance, cold resistance, tea garden mechanical operation and the like is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of weeding, in particular to a method for inhibiting growth of weeds in a tea garden.
Background
Tea is a traditional dominant characteristic industry in Jiangxi, and is an important prop industry for increasing the income of farmers and developing rural economy in tea areas. According to 2017 statistical data, the planting area of the tea garden in the whole province is 9.9 kilohm2The tea yield is 6.32 million tons, the total tea yield reaches 65 hundred million yuan, and the tea agriculture population exceeds 400 million people. However, the tea garden in our province is mostly distributed in the low hilly area, and the warm and humid climate provides favorable conditions for the rapid growth and propagation of weeds in the tea garden; they compete with tea for nutrients and sunlight, and seriously affect the normal growth of tea and the production of high-quality tea. The reasonable control technology of the grass injury is an important link of tea garden management, and influences the tea production and the operational benefits. In the past, chemical herbicides such as glyphosate, paraquat, glufosinate and the like are commonly used in general tea gardens to solve the problem of weeds, and artificial weeding is selected in organic tea gardens. Chemical weeding has potential safety hazard, and the chemical weeding effect is common in rainy seasons in south with heavy rain, so that the tea quality is reduced and the strain is lost due to excessive use of the herbicide; the resistance of weeds in the tea garden is increased, the grass facies tends to be complex, the ecological system of the tea garden is damaged, and the influence of the herbicide on human and environmental ecology is more serious. The growth and propagation vigorous period of weeds mostly coincides with the harvesting and production seasons of tea leaves, the management of weeds in a tea garden is easy to neglect due to labor force shortage, the terrain of a mountain area is complex, the artificial weeding cost is high, and the weed control becomes important work for tea plant protection.
At present, the tea garden has various weeding modes, wherein the tea garden uses chemical herbicide, so that the method is simple and rapid, the prevention and removal effect is good, the labor investment is low, the management cost is low, and the economic benefit is high; however, since the european union has expanded the detection range of pesticide residues, the safety problem of using herbicides in tea gardens is very important, and people are pursuing pollution-free, safe and healthy tea products. Artificial mechanical weeding, which is to bury weeds or weed seeds deeply in soil by tillage (shallow tillage and intertillage) and fertilization; or a mower is used for artificially cutting off weeds exceeding the ground so as to achieve the effect of inhibiting the growth of the weeds; or the weeds are broken or pulled out by using agricultural tools such as shovels, hoes and the like which are purely manual. The weed can be well prevented and controlled by using manual or mechanical weeding, but the manual investment is large and the working efficiency is low; mechanical weeding hinders the complex topography of the tea garden in our province, and is limited to a certain extent when in use. Biological weeding, namely, by utilizing the principle that the plants grow together and inhibiting each other, and by planting plant-source weeds, releasing a certain secondary metabolite to the outside, the growth of adjacent plants is slowed down; or the aim of differential selection of weeds is achieved by utilizing the principle of animal herbivory; but the biological grass prevention effect is not ideal for the application in tea gardens. The black mulching film is adopted to weed in a covering mode, the straw can well inhibit weeds, but the black mulching film is aged quickly, the straw is in large demand and easy to rot, spread diseases and insect pests, other weeds are brought, and the application effect in a tea garden is poor. Because the safety problem of tea leaves is emphasized, the development of green, healthy and pollution-free tea garden weeding technology is urgent, but the current tea garden weeding technology cannot meet the requirements yet.
Therefore, the method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in the tea garden is provided, the defects that the existing simple manual work for preventing the weeds in the tea garden is low in efficiency, the survival rate of tea trees is low, the yield is low, chemical weeding damages soil and the like are overcome, and the method is a problem which needs to be solved by technical personnel in the field urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in a tea garden, which can obviously improve the weeding efficiency of the tea garden and reduce the weeding cost of the tea garden.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in a tea garden comprises the following specific steps:
(1) taking waste plant resources, drying in the sun, and crushing to 0.1-1cm to obtain crushed substances;
(2) soaking the crushed material obtained in the step (1) with equal volume of 95% alcohol for 10-12h, soaking with equal volume of 0.4-0.6% mass concentration sodium hypochlorite solution for 10-12h, cleaning the sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of the crushed material with tap water, and filtering to obtain a filtered and dried crushed material;
(3) adding tap water of 1/3-1/2 weight of the filtered dry crushed material, dry tea (tea residue) of 1/3-1/2 weight of tap water and dry wormwood of 1/3-1/2 weight of the dry tea into the filtered dry crushed material obtained in the step (2), and heating to 90-100 ℃ for 30-40 min;
(4) drying after heating, and uniformly spreading on the tea garden soil for 1-2 months, wherein the covering thickness is 2-3 cm.
Further, the waste plant resources in the step (1) comprise leftover materials of wood processing, waste wood and trimmed waste branches of tea trees.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the method for inhibiting the growth of the weeds in the tea garden adopts waste plant branches, tea tree trimming waste and the like as the tea garden covering materials, and has the characteristics of convenience in material obtaining, good weeding effect, durability and the like; the crushed material treated by the method has the functions of preventing insects, diseases, corrosion and mildew, improving soil organic matters of the tea garden and the like, and does not bring damage such as plant diseases and insect pests to the tea garden; the method has no pollution to the tea garden and no chemical residue; the method has the advantages of one-time investment, low cost, obvious benefit and remarkable improvement on the quality of the tea; the method does not influence the normal tea garden management such as tea garden fertilization, pruning, drought resistance, cold resistance, mechanical operation of the tea garden and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1A method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in tea gardens
A50-mu tea garden newly built in a phoenix ditch in Nanchang county of Jiangxi province is taken as a research object, and weeding management is implemented on the tea garden by adopting the method. Collecting the waste branches of green nursery stocks and the waste of tea tree pruning in a phoenix trench scenic area, drying in the sun, and then crushing to 0.1-1 cm; soaking the crushed material in equal volume of 95% alcohol for 10h, soaking in equal volume of 0.4% mass concentration sodium hypochlorite solution for 10h, cleaning the sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of the crushed material with tap water, and filtering to dry; adding 12.5kg tap water, 6.25kg dry tea (tea residue) and 3.125kg dry folium Artemisiae Argyi into 25kg of the dried and pulverized material, heating to 100 deg.C for 40 min; drying after heating, and uniformly spreading on the tea garden soil in 1 month, wherein the covering thickness is 2-3 cm. The results showed that various weeds in the tea garden were effectively suppressed from the implementation of the weeding measures, and no diseases and insect pests occurred on the tea trees (tea seedlings) around the mulch.
After 50 mu of newly built tea gardens of phoenix ditches in Nanchang county of Jiangxi province are managed by adopting the method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in the tea gardens for 1 year, the pH value of soil in the tea gardens is measured to be increased to 4.12 from the original 3.86, the organic matter content is increased to 8.73g/kg from the original 7.86g/kg, the organic carbon content is increased to 19.03g/kg from the original 10.88g/kg, the total nitrogen is increased to 1.12g/kg from the original 0.82g/kg, and the new growth amount of tea leaves is increased by 13%. The water extract content in the tea is 44.2 percent, and can reach about 46.8 percent after the method is used; the amino acid content can be improved to 3.70% from 3.61%, the phenol-ammonia ratio (tea polyphenol content/amino acid content) in the tea plant body is reduced, and the phenol-ammonia ratio is reduced to 9.37 from 10.66, so that the fresh leaves are more suitable for being used as green tea. The artificial weeding cost is reduced from 800 yuan/(mu-year) (2 workers/mu each time for 4 times of weeding each year) to 200 yuan/(mu-year) (2 workers/mu for covering materials) and the labor cost of weeding, insect prevention and the like of the original tea garden is saved by 3 ten thousand yuan. After the method is used for managing the tea garden, the times of occurrence of tea garden pests, particularly the times of cumulative occurrence of tea geometrid, tea orange gall mites and small-scale empoasca vitis are reduced to 3 times from the original 7 times, the same insect prevention effect can be achieved after agricultural measures such as yellow plates, blue plates, insect-killing lamp luring, mechanical trimming and deinsectization and the like are adopted in the pest occurrence period, after the method is used, 50 mu of phoenix ditches in Nanchang county do not use chemical agents for insect prevention in 2020 year when the tea garden is newly built, and ecological management of the tea garden is really realized.
Example 2A method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in tea gardens
An old tea garden with the area of 300 mu in yellow summer village in a new town of Jinggang mountain in Jiangxi province is taken as a test object, and weeding measures are implemented on the tea garden by adopting the method in 2017 and 21 months. Collecting local waste wood, moso bamboo waste and wood processing leftover materials, drying in the sun, and then crushing to 0.1-1 cm; soaking the crushed material in equal volume of 95% alcohol for 12h, soaking in equal volume of 0.6% sodium hypochlorite solution for 12h, cleaning the sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of the crushed material with tap water, and filtering to dry; adding 8.33kg tap water, 2.78kg dry tea (tea residue) and 0.93kg dry folium Artemisiae Argyi into 25kg of the dried and pulverized material, heating to 90 deg.C, and maintaining for 30 min; drying after heating, and uniformly spreading on the tea garden soil in 2 months, wherein the covering thickness is 2-3 cm. The results showed that various weeds in the tea garden were effectively suppressed from the implementation of the weeding measures, and no diseases and insect pests occurred on the tea trees (tea seedlings) around the mulch.
After an old tea garden with the area of 300 mu in yellow summer village in a new town of Jinggang mountain in Jiangxi province is managed for 1 year by adopting a method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in the tea garden, the pH value of soil in the tea garden is measured to be improved to 4.32 from the original 4.14, the organic matter content is improved to 9.79g/kg from the original 9.86g/kg, the organic carbon content is improved to 17.89g/kg from the original 12.32g/kg, the total nitrogen is improved to 1.69g/kg from the original 1.31g/kg, and the tea yield is improved by 21%; the content of water extract in the tea is 42.6 percent, and can reach about 48.9 percent after the method is used; the amino acid content can be improved to 3.21% from 2.79% originally, the phenol-ammonia ratio (tea polyphenol content/amino acid content) in the tea plant body is reduced to 9.73 from 11.19 originally, so that the fresh leaves are more suitable for being used as green tea, especially 'Jinggang emerald green'. The artificial weeding cost is reduced from the original 400 yuan/(mu-year) (2 workers/mu each time when 2 times of weeding are carried out every year) to 100 yuan/(mu-year) (2 workers/mu are laid on covering materials), and the labor cost of weeding, insect prevention and the like of the original tea garden is saved by 9 ten thousand yuan. After the method is used for managing the tea garden, the times of occurrence of pests in the tea garden, particularly the times of cumulative occurrence of tea geometrid, tea orange gall mites and small through lesser leafhopper are reduced to 0 time from the original 5 times, and after the method is used, the old tea garden with the area of 300 mu m of yellow summer village in a new town of Jinggang mountain in Jiangxi province does not use chemical agents for preventing insects in 2020, does not use chemical fertilizers, and realizes the ecological management of the tea garden.
Example 3A method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in tea gardens
The method is adopted to implement weeding measures on the tea garden by taking the 'gold tea' tea garden in the small Buzhou village of Ningdu county in Jiangxi province as a test object. Collecting local waste wood, moso bamboo waste and wood processing leftover materials, drying in the sun, and then crushing to 0.1-1 cm; soaking the crushed material in equal volume of 95% alcohol for 11h, soaking in equal volume of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 11h, cleaning the sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of the crushed material with tap water, and filtering to dry; adding 10kg tap water, 4kg dry tea leaves (tea leaves) and 1.6kg dry folium Artemisiae Argyi into 25kg of the filtered and dried pulverized material, heating to 95 deg.C for 35 min; drying after heating, and uniformly spreading on the tea garden soil in 2 months, wherein the covering thickness is 2-3 cm. The results showed that various weeds in the tea garden were effectively suppressed from the implementation of the weeding measures, and no diseases and insect pests occurred on the tea trees (tea seedlings) around the mulch.
After a tea garden with the area of 1000 mu of small-township 'golden tea' (planted in 5 th year) in Ningdu county of Jiangxi province is managed by a method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in the tea garden for 1 year, the pH value of soil in the tea garden is measured to be increased to 4.13 from the original 3.99, the organic matter content is increased to 5.27g/kg from the original 5.11g/kg, the organic carbon content is increased to 10.18g/kg from the original 9.49g/kg, the total nitrogen is increased to 1.68g/kg from the original 1.66g/kg, and the tea yield is increased by 35%; the content of water extract in the tea is 45.4 percent, and can reach about 48.2 percent after the method is used; the amino acid content can be improved to 2.96% from 2.87%, the phenol-ammonia ratio (tea polyphenol content/amino acid content) in the tea plant body is reduced, and the phenol-ammonia ratio is reduced to 10.11 from 12.16, so that the fresh leaves are more suitable for being used as green tea. The artificial weeding cost is reduced from the original 600 yuan/(mu-year) (2 workers/mu each time of 3 times of weeding each year) to 300 yuan/(mu-year) (3 workers/mu of covering materials are paved), and the labor cost of weeding, insect prevention and the like of the original tea garden is saved by 30 ten thousand yuan. After the method is used for managing the tea garden, the times of occurrence of tea garden pests, particularly the times of cumulative occurrence of tea aphids, tea geometrids, tea caterpillars, tea thrips and small-scale empoasca vitis are reduced from the original 6 times to 3 times, and after the method is used, the chemical agents are only used for preventing insects for 3 times in the tea garden with the area of 1000 mu of small-town 'golden tea' base in Ningdu county in Jiangxi province in 2020 years, chemical fertilizers are not used, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is reduced.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for inhibiting the growth of weeds in a tea garden is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) taking waste plant resources, drying in the sun, and crushing to 0.1-1cm to obtain crushed substances;
(2) soaking the crushed material obtained in the step (1) with equal volume of 95% alcohol for 10-12h, soaking with equal volume of 0.4-0.6% mass concentration sodium hypochlorite solution for 10-12h, cleaning the sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of the crushed material with tap water, and filtering to obtain a filtered and dried crushed material;
(3) adding tap water of 1/3-1/2 weight of the dried crushed material obtained in the step (2), dry tea of 1/3-1/2 weight of the tap water and dry wormwood of 1/3-1/2 weight of the dry tea, heating to 90-100 ℃ for 30-40 min;
(4) heating, oven drying, and uniformly spreading on soil of tea garden with a coverage thickness of 2-3 cm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste plant resources in step (1) comprise wood processing scraps, waste wood, and trimmed tea tree waste branches.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005232111A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Ehime Prefecture | Weed growth suppressing agent and weed growth suppressing material containing main component common therewith |
| CN105036881A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-11-11 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | Tealeaf residue containing peanut fertilizer additive capable of improving soil environment |
| CN107148889A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-12 | 遵义师范学院 | Tea limb covering preventing and treating young tea plantations weeds and the method for organic tea garden soil of fostering and apply fertilizer |
| CN110800728A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-02-18 | 湖北双竹生态食品开发股份有限公司 | Method for inhibiting weeds in organic tea garden through ecological effect |
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2021
- 2021-02-01 CN CN202110138795.2A patent/CN112956369B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005232111A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-02 | Ehime Prefecture | Weed growth suppressing agent and weed growth suppressing material containing main component common therewith |
| CN105036881A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-11-11 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | Tealeaf residue containing peanut fertilizer additive capable of improving soil environment |
| CN107148889A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-12 | 遵义师范学院 | Tea limb covering preventing and treating young tea plantations weeds and the method for organic tea garden soil of fostering and apply fertilizer |
| CN110800728A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-02-18 | 湖北双竹生态食品开发股份有限公司 | Method for inhibiting weeds in organic tea garden through ecological effect |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 殷丽琼等: "云南保塘古茶园有机栽培技术研究", 中国园艺文摘, no. 01, pages 180 - 183 * |
| 汪松能等: "茶废弃物的利用初探", 茶业通报, no. 03, pages 26 - 27 * |
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