CN112919959A - Preparation method, product, equipment and application of fertilizer storage ceramsite - Google Patents
Preparation method, product, equipment and application of fertilizer storage ceramsite Download PDFInfo
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- CN112919959A CN112919959A CN202011538179.8A CN202011538179A CN112919959A CN 112919959 A CN112919959 A CN 112919959A CN 202011538179 A CN202011538179 A CN 202011538179A CN 112919959 A CN112919959 A CN 112919959A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of fertilizer storage ceramsite, which comprises the following steps: s1 preparing a saturated solution of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potash fertilizer; s2, placing the ceramsite into the saturated solution of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer prepared in the step S1 for soaking and adsorption; s3 discharging the liquid in the container; s4, continuously adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potassium fertilizer into the preparation container, uniformly mixing, and analyzing water in pores of the ceramsite to obtain the dried fertilizer storage ceramsite. The invention also discloses equipment for preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite and application. According to the invention, the ceramsite is soaked in the saturated fertilizer solution, the fertilizer is adsorbed inside the pores of the ceramsite, and the adsorbed surface of the ceramsite is coated with solid fertilizer particles, so that the function of analyzing water in the pores of the ceramsite can be achieved; and fertilizer crystals can be blocked on the outer surface of the ceramsite, so that the load degree of the ceramsite is further increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water storage argil materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method, a product, equipment and application of fertilizer storage ceramsite.
Background
The water storage pottery clay material is a novel inorganic water storage material invented by absorption, digestion and modification on the basis of the foamed pottery clay produced in Germany. The water-retaining agent has stable shape and compressive strength in a saturated water-containing state and a dry state, has a developed air hole structure, a large specific surface area and strong polarity, can be repeatedly used, has no pollution to the environment, and can realize clean production, so that pollutants in the environment can be removed by utilizing the adsorbability of the water-retaining agent in addition to the effects of accumulating urban rainwater and relieving urban flood. The water storage argil material has the advantages of simple process and low cost; the disadvantages are that the shape of the product is limited, the density of the components of the product is not easy to control, etc.
Based on the characteristics, the water storage ceramsite can be used as a carrier for carrying a chemical fertilizer, has the function of fertilizer preservation, and is applied to areas such as urban garden greenbelts, water-saving agriculture and the like.
Chinese patent publication Nos. CN103922859A and CN103922857A respectively disclose a preparation method of ammonium phosphate coated fertilizer storage ceramsite and a preparation method of phosphate coated fertilizer storage ceramsite, wherein NH is respectively adsorbed on the storage ceramsite4H2PO4Or the ceramic particle of potassium phosphate is coated with a phosphorus material, a magnesium material, a calcium material and fly ash dry powder. Although it discloses that the ceramsite is in NH4H2PO4Soaking in saturated water or potassium phosphate saturated water solution for at least 30 min, taking out, and naturally drying to obtain NH4H2PO4Or potassium phosphate is adsorbed in the ceramsite, but the natural drying process is longer, so that the overall preparation process time is greatly increased, the efficiency is low, more importantly, the process of directly taking the potassium phosphate out of the liquid and naturally drying the potassium phosphate causes great loss of the fertilizer in the ceramsite, the actual stored fertilizer capacity in the ceramsite is less, and the fertilizer storage effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at one or more of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method, a product, equipment and application of the fertilizer storage ceramsite, so that the loss of fertilizer in the ceramsite caused by the process of directly taking out the fertilizer from liquid and naturally drying the fertilizer in the prior art is avoided to a large extent, and the preparation efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing fertilizer storage ceramsite, comprising the following steps:
s1 preparing a saturated solution of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potash fertilizer;
s2, placing the ceramsite into the saturated solution of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer prepared in the step S1 for soaking and adsorption;
s3 discharging the liquid in the container;
s4, continuously adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potassium fertilizer into the preparation container, uniformly mixing, and analyzing water in pores of the ceramsite to obtain the dried fertilizer storage ceramsite.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the specific manner of preparing the saturated solution of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer is as follows:
nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer and other fertilizers are used as solutes, and water is used as a solvent; adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer into a container containing water until saturation.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the solute is rapidly dissolved and saturated by stirring.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the soaking time is not less than 1 hour.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S3, the discharged fertilizer filtrate is passed into another preparation container for further preparation into a fertilizer-saturated solution in the container.
As a further improvement of the invention, the particle size of the fertilizer is in the range of 0.5-5 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S4, the prepared fertilizer storage ceramsite is taken out and packaged for later use, solvent water is directly added into a preparation device, the fertilizer saturated solution in the step S1 is matched again, and then the preparation of the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the next batch is carried out.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fertilizer storage ceramsite produced by the method for producing a fertilizer storage ceramsite according to any one of claims 1-7.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the equipment for preparing the fertilizer-storing ceramsite at least comprises a first configuration container and a second configuration container, wherein the tops of the first configuration container and the second configuration container are respectively provided with a first fertilizer feeding box and a second fertilizer feeding box, the side surfaces of the first configuration container and the second configuration container are respectively provided with a plurality of first stirring shafts and second stirring shafts, the bottoms of the first configuration container and the second configuration container are respectively provided with a liquid discharge port, the liquid discharge port of the first configuration container is communicated with the second configuration container, and the liquid discharge port of the second configuration container is communicated with the next configuration container or the first configuration container.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the fertilizer storage ceramsite is applied to plant cultivation, a barrier layer is arranged on the bottom surface of an excavated foundation pit, a first planting soil layer covers the top of the barrier layer, a hollowed-out ceramsite isolation frame is fixed on the top surface of the first planting soil layer, a planting end of a plant is placed in an accommodating space formed by a side surface structure of the ceramsite isolation frame and the top surface of the first planting soil layer, and meanwhile, a mixture of the fertilizer storage ceramsite and the planting soil is filled around the planting end of the plant; and the top surface and the periphery of the ceramsite isolation frame are covered with a second planting soil layer.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the preparation method of the fertilizer storage ceramsite, the ceramsite is soaked in the corresponding saturated fertilizer solution, so that the fertilizer can be adsorbed inside the pores of the ceramsite, and the fertilizer solid particles are coated on the surface of the adsorbed ceramsite, so that the effect of analyzing water in the pores of the ceramsite can be achieved; and fertilizer crystals can be blocked on the outer surface of the ceramsite, so that the load degree of the ceramsite is further increased. The loss of fertilizer in the ceramsite is avoided to a great extent in the process of directly taking out the ceramsite from the liquid and naturally airing the ceramsite in the prior art.
(2) The equipment for preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite comprises a configuration container, and a fertilizer feeding box and a stirring shaft which are arranged in the configuration container, so that the configuration of a fertilizer saturated solution can be realized, and the solid fertilizer and the soaked ceramsite can be coated in the configuration container. And through setting up a plurality of configuration containers, can realize the reuse of saturated solution, a plurality of configuration containers work simultaneously, and the preparation efficiency of storing up fertile haydite can be promoted.
(3) According to the application of the fertilizer storage ceramsite, the ceramsite is fixed above the plant root system, so that the fertilizer can be fully absorbed by the root system in the downward flowing process, the liquid with the fertilizer can be prevented from leaking downwards through the barrier layer arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the application effect of the fertilizer in the ceramsite is further improved. The planting soil layer of laying on the barrier layer top surface can provide sufficient growth space for plant roots, avoids hindering plant roots's growth because of the barrier layer of bottom.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 1-a first configuration container, 2-a first fertilizer feeding box, 3-a first stirring shaft, 4-a valve, 5-a conveying pipe, 6-a second configuration container, 7-a second fertilizer feeding box and 8-a second stirring shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The invention provides a preparation method of fertilizer-storing ceramsite by taking ceramsite as a carrier, and figure 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the fertilizer-storing ceramsite, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing saturated solution of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer;
nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer and other fertilizers are used as solutes, and water is used as a solvent; respectively adding a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potash fertilizer into a preparation container containing water until saturation is reached (insoluble solids appear in the water, or a corresponding amount of fertilizer solids are added according to the calculated lower saturation concentration at the temperature);
preferably, when the solute of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer is added, the solute is quickly dissolved by a stirring shaft arranged in the preparation container, so that the saturation speed is accelerated. The stirring speed is preferably 70r/min to 100 r/min.
The preparation method is carried out at normal temperature after preparing saturated solution of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer.
(2) Placing the ceramsite into the saturated solution of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer prepared in the step (1) for adsorption;
dispersing the ceramsite in a saturated solution of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potash fertilizer, soaking for at least 1 hour, and fully absorbing the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer solution by the ceramsite;
(3) after soaking, discharging the liquid in the preparation container through a filtering port at the bottom, and directly introducing the discharged fertilizer filtrate into the next preparation container for continuously preparing a saturated solution in the container;
(4) continuously adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potassium fertilizer into the preparation container, increasing the contact area between the fertilizer crystal and the ceramsite by stirring, coating the solid fertilizer particles on the surface of the ceramsite, and analyzing the water in the pores of the ceramsite on the premise of not causing loss of the adsorption capacity in the ceramsite; and fertilizer crystals can be blocked on the outer surface of the ceramsite, so that the load degree of the ceramsite is further increased. In this case, the stirring speed of the stirring shaft is preferably controlled to be 60r/min to 70 r/min.
The particle size of the fertilizer in the step (4) needs to be controlled, the diameter is preferably 0.5-5mm, the particle size corresponds to the diameter of the pores in the ceramsite, the diameter of the pores is preferably smaller than the diameter of the pores in the ceramsite, the fertilizer can be filled in the pores of the ceramsite as far as possible, and the loading effect is more optimized.
(5) And (3) taking out and packaging the ceramsite uniformly coated by the fertilizer particles in the step (4) for later use, directly adding solvent water into the preparation device, and preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the next batch by matching with the fertilizer saturated solution in the step (1).
When the fertilizer storage ceramsite prepared by the preparation method is applied to plant cultivation, a barrier layer (preferably an impermeable film is selected and the material is preferably HDPE, PVC or PE and the like) is arranged on the bottom surface of an excavated foundation pit, a first planting soil layer covers the top of the barrier layer, a hollowed-out ceramsite isolation frame is fixed on the top surface of the first planting soil layer, planting ends of plants are placed in an accommodating space formed by the side surface structure of the ceramsite isolation frame and the top surface of the first planting soil layer, the planting ends of the plants are vertically arranged below the middle part of the accommodating space, and meanwhile, the periphery of the planting ends of the plants are filled with a mixture of the fertilizer storage ceramsite and the planting soil; and the top surface and the periphery of the ceramsite isolation frame are covered with a second planting soil layer.
Through being fixed in the top of plant root system with the haydite, can make the in-process that fertilizer flows downwards, fully absorbed by the root system, through the barrier layer that sets up in foundation ditch bottom, can prevent the downward seepage of liquid that has the fertilizer, further increased the application effect of fertilizer in the haydite. The planting soil layer of laying on the barrier layer top surface can provide sufficient growth space for plant roots, avoids hindering plant roots's growth because of the barrier layer of bottom.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite based on a preparation method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite, including a configuration container, a fertilizer feeding box, a stirring shaft, and the like, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes a first configuration container 1 and a second configuration container 6, wherein the top of the first configuration container 1 and the top of the second configuration container 6 are respectively provided with a first fertilizer feeding box 2 and a second fertilizer feeding box 7, the bottom of the feeding boxes are provided with holes, and are provided with baffles, and the opening, closing, and opening of the holes can be realized through the opening and closing of the baffles, so as to control fertilizer to leak into the configuration container.
The side surfaces of the first configuration container 1 and the second configuration container 6 are respectively provided with a plurality of first stirring shafts 3 and a plurality of second stirring shafts 8, on one hand, the stirring shafts play a role in accelerating dissolution when a saturated solution of a fertilizer is configured, on the other hand, when the ceramsite is completely adsorbed, the solution is discharged, and when a solid fertilizer is continuously added, the contact area between the fertilizer solid particles and the ceramsite can be increased, so that the solid particles are uniformly coated on the surface of the ceramsite completely adsorbed, the moisture in the aperture of the ceramsite is adsorbed, the solid particles are attached to the surface of the ceramsite, and the fertilizer storage efficiency of the ceramsite is further improved.
Preferably, the end part of the stirring shaft is provided with a flexible end, the stirring process is softer, and the stirring speed and the stirring frequency when the saturated solution is prepared are higher than those of the solid particles coated on the surfaces of the ceramsite through setting the rotating speed.
A liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the first configuration container 1, a filter screen is arranged in the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is communicated with the side surface of the second configuration container 6 through a conveying pipe 5, a valve 4 is arranged at the end part of the conveying pipe 5 connected with the liquid outlet, after the adsorption of the ceramsite and the saturated fertilizer solution in the first configuration container 1 is finished, the valve 4 is controlled to be opened, so that the solution enters the second configuration container 6 through the conveying pipe 5, the saturated solution can be continuously configured in the second configuration container 6, and the ceramsite is placed in the second configuration container 6 for soaking adsorption; continuously adding solid fertilizer into the first preparation container 1, coating fertilizer solid particles on the surfaces of the ceramsite under the action of a stirring shaft, taking out the ceramsite in the first preparation container 1, pouring out the ingredient solid particles, or directly preparing a saturated solution in the first preparation container 1 without taking out the ingredient solid particles; alternatively, the solution in the second preparation vessel 6 after immersion may be discharged from the second preparation vessel 6 and reintroduced into the first preparation vessel 1 for reuse.
The equipment for preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite comprises a configuration container, and a fertilizer feeding box and a stirring shaft which are arranged in the configuration container, so that the configuration of a fertilizer saturated solution can be realized, and the solid fertilizer and the soaked ceramsite can be coated in the configuration container. And through setting up a plurality of configuration containers, can realize the reuse of saturated solution, a plurality of configuration containers work simultaneously, and the preparation efficiency of storing up fertile haydite can be promoted.
In order to better illustrate the preparation method of the fertilizer storage ceramsite, the following examples are provided:
example 1
S1, preparing a saturated ammonium nitrate solution at normal temperature, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring shaft is 80 r/min;
s2, placing the ceramsite in the ammonium nitrate saturated solution prepared in the step S1 for adsorption, and soaking for 1 hour;
s3, after soaking, discharging the liquid in the preparation container through a filtering port at the bottom, and directly introducing the discharged fertilizer filtrate into the next preparation container for continuously preparing a saturated solution in the container;
s4, continuously adding ammonium nitrate solid particles into the preparation container, wherein the particle size of the solid particles is 1mm, and coating the ammonium nitrate solid particles on the surface of the ceramsite through a stirring shaft to obtain the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the embodiment, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring shaft is 60 r/min;
s5, taking out and packaging the ceramsite uniformly coated by the fertilizer particles in the step S4 for later use, directly adding solvent water into a preparation device, and preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the next batch by matching with the fertilizer saturated solution in the step S1 again.
Example 2
S1, preparing a saturated monoammonium phosphate solution at normal temperature, wherein the stirring speed of a stirring shaft is 70 r/min;
s2, placing the ceramsite in the saturated monoammonium phosphate solution prepared in the step S1 for adsorption, and soaking for 3 hours;
s3, after soaking, discharging the liquid in the preparation container through a filtering port at the bottom, and directly introducing the discharged fertilizer filtrate into the next preparation container for continuously preparing a saturated solution in the container;
s4, continuously adding monoammonium phosphate solid particles into the preparation container, wherein the particle size of the solid particles is 3mm, and coating the monoammonium phosphate solid particles on the surface of the ceramsite through a stirring shaft to obtain the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the embodiment, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring shaft is 70 r/min;
s5, taking out and packaging the ceramsite uniformly coated by the fertilizer particles in the step S4 for later use, directly adding solvent water into a preparation device, and preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the next batch by matching with the fertilizer saturated solution in the step S1 again.
Example 3
S1, preparing a saturated potassium chloride solution at normal temperature, wherein the stirring speed of a stirring shaft is 100 r/min;
s2, placing the ceramsite into the saturated potassium chloride solution prepared in the step S1 for adsorption, and soaking for 4 hours;
s3, after soaking, discharging the liquid in the preparation container through a filtering port at the bottom, and directly introducing the discharged fertilizer filtrate into the next preparation container for continuously preparing a saturated solution in the container;
s4, continuously adding potassium chloride solid particles into the preparation container, wherein the particle size of the solid particles is 5mm, and coating the potassium chloride solid particles on the surface of the ceramsite through a stirring shaft to obtain the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the embodiment, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring shaft is 65 r/min;
s5, taking out and packaging the ceramsite uniformly coated by the fertilizer particles in the step S4 for later use, directly adding solvent water into a preparation device, and preparing the fertilizer storage ceramsite of the next batch by matching with the fertilizer saturated solution in the step S1 again.
According to the preparation method of the fertilizer storage ceramsite, the ceramsite is soaked in the corresponding saturated fertilizer solution, so that the fertilizer can be adsorbed inside the pores of the ceramsite, and the fertilizer solid particles are coated on the surface of the adsorbed ceramsite, so that the effect of analyzing water in the pores of the ceramsite can be achieved; and fertilizer crystals can be blocked on the outer surface of the ceramsite, so that the load degree of the ceramsite is further increased. The loss of fertilizer in the ceramsite is avoided to a great extent in the process of directly taking out the ceramsite from the liquid and naturally airing the ceramsite in the prior art.
The water storage argil is prepared by taking domestic wastes (solid wastes, river silt, urban muck and the like), clay, straws and the like as raw materials, adding a silicate and aluminate containing argillaceous raw material, a biomass raw material, a high-temperature liquid phase promoter, a high-temperature foaming agent and a plastic reinforcing agent, weighing the raw materials according to a mass ratio, fully and uniformly stirring the raw materials, placing the raw materials in a ball forming mill to form round or oval particles with the particle size of 2-5 cm, drying and sintering the particles, and adding nutrient elements into the sintered water storage argil to prepare the fertilizer. The water-storage ceramsite effectively adsorbs nutrient substances in the fertilizer through excellent water absorption, water storage and slow release performances, contains a large amount of organic matters, can obviously increase the organic matter content of soil, plays a role in improving the growth environment of nursery stocks, preserving water and fertilizer, supplementing nutrients and fertilizing soil fertility, and especially has a remarkable application effect on the soil poor in landscaping nursery stock cultivation and poor in physicochemical properties.
The fertilizer storage ceramsite prepared by the method can effectively keep the moisture in the soil to supply crops to grow in dry seasons; meanwhile, through the water purification effect of the water storage ceramsite, salt and alkali substances rich in water are filtered, and the soil environment is continuously improved; has great potential in the application of urban gardens, such as drought resistance, moisture retention, newly planted nursery stock (out of season), drought resistance and seedling retention in 7-9 months and the like. Has great promotion effect on improving soil moisture retention and fertility and on plant growth. Has wide application market in northern water-deficient cities. The raw materials are ecological and green, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, and the waste materials are restored to the ground after natural weathering and decomposition, so that the ecological environment is effectively pollution-free, the soil structure can be effectively improved, and the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil can be improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the fertilizer storage ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1 preparing a saturated solution of a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer or a potash fertilizer;
s2, placing the ceramsite into the saturated solution of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer or the potash fertilizer prepared in the step S1 for soaking and adsorption;
s3 discharging the liquid in the container;
s4, continuously adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potassium fertilizer into the preparation container, uniformly mixing, and analyzing water in pores of the ceramsite to obtain the dried fertilizer storage ceramsite.
2. The method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the concrete manner for preparing the saturated solution of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer is as follows:
nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer and other fertilizers are used as solutes, and water is used as a solvent; adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer into a container containing water until saturation.
3. The method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite of claim 2, wherein in step S1, the solute is rapidly dissolved and saturated by stirring.
4. The method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in step S2, the soaking time is not less than 1 hour.
5. The method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite of claim 4, wherein in step S3, the discharged fertilizer filtrate is introduced into another container for further preparing into fertilizer-saturated solution.
6. The method for preparing fertilizer storage ceramsite according to claim 5, wherein the fertilizer has a particle size range of 0.5-5 mm.
7. The method for preparing fertilizer-storing ceramsite according to claim 1 or 6, wherein in step S4, the prepared fertilizer-storing ceramsite is taken out and packaged for later use, solvent water is directly added into a preparation device, and the fertilizer-saturated solution in step S1 is re-mixed with the solvent water, and then the next batch of fertilizer-storing ceramsite is prepared.
8. A fertilizer storage ceramsite, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the fertilizer storage ceramsite of any one of claims 1-7.
9. The apparatus for preparing fertilizer storage ceramsite of claim 8, comprising at least a first configuration container and a second configuration container, wherein the top of the first configuration container and the top of the second configuration container are respectively provided with a first fertilizer feeding box and a second fertilizer feeding box, the side surfaces of the first configuration container and the second configuration container are respectively provided with a plurality of first stirring shafts and second stirring shafts, the bottom of the first configuration container and the bottom of the second configuration container are respectively provided with a liquid discharge port, wherein the liquid discharge port of the first configuration container is communicated with the second configuration container, and the liquid discharge port of the second configuration container is communicated with the next configuration container or the first configuration container.
10. The application of the fertilizer-storing ceramsite in plant cultivation as claimed in claim 8, wherein a barrier layer is arranged on the bottom surface of an excavated foundation pit, a first planting soil layer covers the top of the barrier layer, a hollowed-out ceramsite isolation frame is fixed on the top surface of the first planting soil layer, planting ends of plants are placed in an accommodating space formed by the side surface structure of the ceramsite isolation frame and the top surface of the first planting soil layer, and meanwhile, the periphery of the planting ends of the plants are filled with a mixture of the fertilizer-storing ceramsite and the planting soil; and the top surface and the periphery of the ceramsite isolation frame are covered with a second planting soil layer.
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Address after: 430000, No. 293, Hanyang Avenue, Hanyang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Applicant after: Wuhan Garden Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430000, No. 293, Hanyang Avenue, Hanyang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Applicant before: WUHAN GARDEN CONSTRUCTIONAL ENGINEERING CO. |
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Application publication date: 20210608 |