CN112851939A - 一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112851939A
CN112851939A CN202110040886.2A CN202110040886A CN112851939A CN 112851939 A CN112851939 A CN 112851939A CN 202110040886 A CN202110040886 A CN 202110040886A CN 112851939 A CN112851939 A CN 112851939A
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王忠刚
李�根
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物及其制备方法。将三聚氰胺和甲酸溶解于有机溶剂聚合,本发明制备的多孔聚合物其具有大比表面积,达705m2/g,合成原料价廉易得、聚合过程无需催化剂、聚合工艺简单等优点,可用于重金属离子和有毒染料的富集回收。

Description

一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚合物材料制备领域,具体涉及一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物制备方法,属于新材料技术领域。
背景技术
多孔材料具有高比表面积,大的孔体积和优异的稳定性,在吸附,污水处理,催化,分离气体,存储气体,荧光传感方面和超级电容器等方面有潜在的应用。近年来,科学家已制备了多种有机多孔聚合物材料,并且一些已实现工业化。美国专利US2015190779-A1公布了一种含一价铜离子与一价银离子的多孔有机聚合物,其比表面20-8000m2/g。在1atm和296K乙烯的吸附量为70-200cm3 g-1,且296K下乙烯与乙烷的选择吸附系数20-500。美国专利US2015290592-A1公布了一种多孔聚合物膜用于气体或液体分离与纯化,其孔径在2纳米到50纳米之间。韩国专利KR2015031391-A公布了一种超交联多孔聚合物用于吸附硝基氧化物,重金属离子,二氧化硫。当前报道的多孔聚合物的制备成本明显偏高,如聚合单体合成路线复杂,贵金属催化剂的使用及残留于聚合物中,也是实现工业化制备多孔聚合物尚待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无需催化剂、合成原料价廉易得、聚合工艺简单的多孔聚合物的方法,所制备聚合物富含羟基和仲胺基团且具有大比表面积,可用于重金属离子和有毒染料的富集回收。
本发明提供的富含羟基和仲胺基多孔聚合物,其结构式如下:
Figure BDA0002895298990000011
本发明提供的富含羟基和仲胺基多孔聚合物,其采用如下聚合路线:
Figure BDA0002895298990000021
将三聚氰胺和甲酸溶解于有机溶剂A中,升温至150-250℃反应1-6天,降至室温后将所得固体用有机溶剂B抽提2-48小时,于30-180℃真空干燥;聚合反应在氩气、氮气和/或空气气氛下进行。其中:m与n摩尔比为1:3~3:2,优选比例为2:3。
所述的有机溶剂A为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、二苯砜中的一种或两种以上混合。
所述的三聚氰胺和甲酸质量之和占有机溶剂A的质量体积比为1克/100毫升-30克/100毫升。
所述的有机溶剂B为脂肪醇、脂肪酮、烷烃、卤代烃、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或两种以上混合。
本发明同时请求保护上述富含羟基和仲胺基多孔聚合物的应用,即用于重金属离子和有毒染料的富集回收。
本发明的有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明使用的三聚氰胺与甲酸是当前化学工业常见的廉价原料,且整个聚合过程无需使用任何催化剂,具有原料来源广泛和聚合工艺简单易操作等优点。所制备的多孔聚合物比表面积大,可用于重金属离子和有毒染料的富集回收。
附图说明:
图1为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物的红外谱图。
图2为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物的固体碳13核磁共振谱图。
图3为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物的电子扫描电镜图。
图4为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物77K下氮气的吸附脱附等温线。
图5为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物孔径分布曲线。
图6为本发明实施例1制备的多孔聚合物的铟吸附及重复吸附图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例详述本发明,但不限制本发明的保护范围。如无特殊说明,本发明实施例中所采用的实验方法为常规方法,所用实验器材、材料、试剂等均可从化学公司购买。
一.富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物的制备方法
实施例1:
富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物的合成:
将2.02克三聚氰胺、1.10克甲酸和80毫升二甲亚砜加入到反应瓶中。缓慢升温至175℃并在氮气环境下反应85小时。反应结束后,待体系降至室温,抽滤得到粗产物。将固体粉末用乙醇、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺充分洗涤后,再在索氏提取器中用四氢呋喃索提24小时,最后在120℃下用真空干燥箱干燥24小时得到固体,BET比表面积705m2/g。
实施例2:
二.重金属离子的吸附(以吸附铟离子为例)
实施例1:
铟离子的吸附实验
称取20mg富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物置于50mL的140mg/L的铟离子溶液中,30摄氏度磁力搅拌24h,用电感耦合等离子发射光谱检测铟的吸附量为206.3mg/g。
实施例2:
铟离子的循环吸附实验
将单口瓶中的液体通过过滤,收集聚合物固体。将收集得到的固体用稀盐酸溶液、EDTA溶液洗涤数次,四氢呋喃索氏提取24小时,100℃真空干燥48小时。以在铟浓度为140mg/L的水溶液中,重复上述步骤,其它条件不变。
上述实例仅是本发明的较佳实施例子,而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员在不脱离本发明的技术方案范围内,可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更改或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改,仍属于本发明技术方案的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物,其特征在于,所述的富含羟基和仲胺基多孔聚合物结构式如下:
Figure FDA0002895298980000011
2.如权利要求1所述的富含羟基和仲胺基的多孔聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,采用如下聚合路线:
Figure FDA0002895298980000012
将三聚氰胺和甲酸溶解于有机溶剂A中,升温至150-250℃反应1-6天,降至室温后将所得固体用有机溶剂B抽提2-48小时,于30-180℃真空干燥;聚合反应在氩气、氮气和/或空气气氛下进行,其中:m与n之比为1:3~3:2。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,m与n之比2:3。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的三聚氰胺和甲酸质量之和占有机溶剂A的质量体积比为1克/100毫升-30克/100毫升。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂A为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、二苯砜中的一种或两种以上混合。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂B为脂肪醇、脂肪酮、烷烃、卤代烃、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或两种以上混合。
7.权利要求1所述的富含羟基和仲胺基多孔聚合物的应用,其特征在于,用于重金属离子和有毒染料的富集回收。
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CN115160518A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-10-11 中南大学 一种基于芳香酮的三聚氰胺编织型聚合物材料及其制备方法和应用

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115160518A (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-10-11 中南大学 一种基于芳香酮的三聚氰胺编织型聚合物材料及其制备方法和应用
CN115160518B (zh) * 2022-07-15 2023-12-15 中南大学 一种基于芳香酮的三聚氰胺编织型聚合物材料及其制备方法和应用

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