CN112826979A - 一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112826979A
CN112826979A CN202110215417.XA CN202110215417A CN112826979A CN 112826979 A CN112826979 A CN 112826979A CN 202110215417 A CN202110215417 A CN 202110215417A CN 112826979 A CN112826979 A CN 112826979A
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nano
prosthesis
zro
portions
titanium oxide
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CN112826979B (zh
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柯甲真
任家辉
熊宁波
熊永明
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Quanzhou Xinzhimei Denture Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法,属于牙科材料领域。所述种植桥架修复体包括修复体本体和涂覆层;修复体本体包括以下重量份的组分:Al2O3‑Y2O3‑ZrO2纳米粉100‑105份、纳米氧化镁3‑5份、纳米碳化硅0.1‑1份、分散剂1‑2份;涂覆层为纳米氧化钛材料,厚度为0.04‑0.06mm。本申请将修复体本体中的三种纳米粉进行混合、研磨、成型和烧结处理,最后将烧结后的胚体进行表面改性,制备得到的种植桥架修复体抗疲劳强度较高,水热老化实验后仍具有优异的弯曲强度和破坏韧性,且抗菌效果较好,将其用于口腔修复,可以有效降低材料在短时间内发生断裂的概率,提高了材料的使用寿命。

Description

一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法
技术领域
本申请涉及牙科材料领域,特别涉及一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法。
背景技术
牙列缺损、缺失是口腔科常见病多发病,目前临床上多采用一些人工装置,如各类口腔修复体、矫治器等,来恢复、改善、重建或矫正各类先天畸形,后天牙体缺损或异常,从而恢复并长期维持咀嚼、发音等生理功能。现代的口腔修复体主要分为三大种类:固定修复体、活动修复体和种植修复体。种植修复体是把金属种植桩或生物陶瓷桩通过适当的手术种植在牙槽骨中,模拟自体牙根的作用,再在种植桩上放置种植桥架修复体或单颗牙冠。种植修复体的发展既标志着口腔医学的进步,也反映了生物学、化学和材料学等学科的发展,是相关学科相互渗透、融合的结晶,又代表了人们对口腔美学和功能恢复的追求,是现代修复的发展方向。
传统的修复体大多采用玻璃陶瓷基和氧化铝基的陶瓷材料制成,但这两种材料强度不足且脆性较大,易破裂,仅能用于单冠、贴面和前牙三单位桥体的修复,限制了其在口腔修复中的使用。氧化锆陶瓷是一种新型的生物材料,由于其具有良好的生物相容性,以及在强度、韧性等机械性能方面的明显优势,目前已大范围应用于多单位或全口种植桥架修复体的制作。但氧化锆陶瓷存在疲劳现象,即在低温潮湿的环境中,四方相氧化锆可发生向单斜相的相变,这一现象也被称为低温时效效应。将氧化锆陶瓷制成种植桥架修复体置于人体口腔内,口腔内的潮湿环境、温度和循环应力将导致氧化锆陶瓷材料力学性能下降,长期使用会使修复材料发生断裂,严重影响种植桥架修复体的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对现有的氧化锆陶瓷材料制成的种植桥架修复体的使用寿命较短的问题,本申请提供一种种植桥架修复体及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供一种种植桥架修复体,是通过以下技术方案得以实现的。
一种种植桥架修复体,包括修复体本体和涂覆层;
所述修复体本体包括以下重量份的组分:Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉100-105份、纳米氧化镁3-5份、纳米碳化硅0.1-1份、分散剂1-2份;
所述涂覆层为纳米氧化钛材料,厚度为0.04-0.06mm。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的种植桥架修复体包括修复体本体和涂覆层两部分。首先,修复体本体包括Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、纳米氧化镁和纳米碳化硅。本申请Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉中Al2O3和Y2O3作为ZrO2的稳定剂存在,Y2O3的加入可以降低ZrO2从四方相向单斜相转化的转化率,同时Al2O3的加入又进一步提高了ZrO2的水热稳定性,从而减缓相变的速率,所以,Al2O3和Y2O3的加入显著提高了ZrO2的热力学稳定性,从而提高了材料的抗疲劳性能和力学性能。另外,本申请将Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2制备成纳米态,晶粒尺寸较小,晶相稳定性提高,材料的抗疲劳强度进一步提高。
其次,本申请在修复体本体中加入纳米氧化镁和纳米碳化硅,纳米氧化镁的加入一方面可以提高ZrO2晶相的稳定性,提高修复体的抗疲劳强度;另一方面,纳米氧化镁还具有较好的抗菌效果,能够有效抑制口腔中有害微生物的生长繁殖,改善口腔卫生环境。本申请在修复体本体中还加入少量的纳米碳化硅,在保证修复体抗疲劳强度的前提下,进一步提高修复体的抗菌效果。
最后,本申请在修复体本体上包覆纳米氧化钛涂层,纳米氧化钛涂层能够起到保护修复体本体的作用,修复体进行水热老化实验后,ZrO2单斜相的转化率较小,延缓了修复体的老化时间,使修复体在较长时间内均能保持较好的机械强度,提高了种植桥架修复体的使用寿命。
综上所述,本申请通过在ZrO2中加入Al2O3和Y2O3并制备成纳米粉末,在修复体本体中加入纳米氧化镁和纳米碳化硅,以及将最终成型的修复体进行表面改性,最终得到的种植桥架修复体抗疲劳强度较高,水热老化实验后仍具有优异的弯曲强度和破坏韧性,且抗菌效果较好,将其用于口腔修复,可以有效降低材料在短时间内发生断裂的概率,提高了材料的服役寿命。
可选的,所述修复体本体包括以下重量份的组分:Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉101-104份、纳米氧化镁3.5-4.5份、纳米碳化硅0.1-0.5份、分散剂1.5-1.8份。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请进一步优化修复体本体的组分配比,使制备得到的修复体的抗疲劳性能和抗菌性能进一步提高,延长修复体的使用寿命。
可选的,所述分散剂为十二烷基硫酸钠或无水乙醇。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请将三种纳米粉末分散在十二烷基硫酸钠或无水乙醇中再进行研磨,可以有效降低纳米粉末的团聚程度,提高三种纳米粉末混合的均匀度,从而提高了晶相结构的稳定性,使材料具有较高的抗疲劳性。
第二方面,本申请提供一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,是通过以下技术方案得以实现的。
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.称取规定量的Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、纳米氧化镁、纳米碳化硅和分散剂,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为0.5-1h,转速为150-300rpm/min;研磨后干燥、粉碎;
S2.采用等静压成型;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结;
S4.将预烧结得到的胚体采用纳米氧化钛进行表面改性,再根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请将Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、纳米氧化镁、纳米碳化硅混合后进行研磨,可以进一步降低了纳米颗粒的团聚度,使晶粒尺寸分布在较窄的范围,从而提高了晶相的稳定性;将研磨后的混合纳米粉采用最常用的方法进行成型和烧结,降低了修复体制备的难度,利于技术的推广;最后将烧结后的胚体进行表面改性,阻止水蒸气侵蚀氧化锆基体,提高了制备得到种植桥架修复体的耐疲劳强度。整个修复体的制备过程简单,适合工业化大规模生产。
可选的,步骤S1中,Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将Y2O3、AlCl3和ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,Y2O3、AlCl3和ZrOC12·8H2O的摩尔比为(3-4):(1-2):100,在500-800rpm/min,70-80℃搅拌10-15min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇的加入量为ZrOC12·8H2O质量的3-5%,超声波分散10-15min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为(0.7-0.8):1,再调节pH至6.8-7.2;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以2-5℃/min的升温速度升至85-90℃,并保温60-80h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在120-130℃干燥4-6h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在600-650℃保温1.5-2.5h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延法,并在制备过程中严格控制分散剂的加入量以及柠檬酸的加入量,使得稳定剂能够均匀的分布在氧化锆基质中,从而制备得到纳米晶粒尺寸小,纳米团聚度低的Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米颗粒。使用制得的Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米颗粒生产种植修复体可以显著提高材料的水热稳定性,减缓氧化锆从四方相向单斜相转化的速率,从而提高修复体的抗疲劳程度,延长使用寿命。
可选的,步骤S1中,在研磨过程中还加入水,水与Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的质量比为(1-2):1。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请在研磨过程中加入一定质量的水,保证了研磨过程的顺利进行。若加入的水过多,延长了干燥时间,不利于干燥处理;若加入的水过少,不利于研磨均匀,纳米颗粒的团聚度较高,降低了修复体内部的均匀度,从而影响了修复体的稳定性和力学性能。
可选的,步骤S2中,等静压成型压强为100-500MPa。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请将等静压成型的压强控制在100-500MPa,胚体各向受到的压力较为均匀,能够抑制胚体烧结时的收缩变形。
可选的,步骤S3中,预烧结的方法为:将成型后的坯体放入外加电场强度为650-700V/cm,电流密度为10-12A cm2的环境中,并在930-950℃烧结1.5-2h。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请在外加电场和电流的环境下对成型后的胚体进行烧结,可以降低胚体烧结温度、缩短烧结时间,避免了长时间高温烧结易使晶粒发生异常长大,造成胚体内部微结构不均匀,从而降低胚体物理化学性能的情况的发生,而且较低的烧结温度和较短的烧结时间还能有效的节约和能源,减低修复体的生产成本。
可选的,步骤S4中,预烧结后的胚体表面改性方法为:采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20-30min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20-30min;将干燥后的胚体在480-520℃保温60-80min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请采用浸涂法在胚体上包覆两层纳米氧化钛,纳米氧化钛能够均匀的覆盖在胚体上,一方面纳米氧化钛涂层可阻止水分子与ZrO2的接触,从而减缓了ZrO2从四方相转变为单斜相的速率,提高了修复体的抗疲劳性能;另一方面纳米氧化钛涂层还具有抑菌效果,可有效抑制口腔中有害微生物的滋生。另外,整个胚体表面改性方法简单,易于操作,降低了修复体制备的难度。
可选的,所述纳米氧化钛溶胶的制备方法为:将钛酸丁酯溶于无水乙醇中并加入乙酰丙酮,在200-300rpm/mim的搅拌转速下室温搅拌25-40min,钛酸丁酯、乙醇和乙酰丙酮的体积比为10:(20-30):1;将75%乙醇以15-18mL/min的速度滴加到搅拌后的钛酸丁酯混合液中,75%乙醇与钛酸丁酯的体积比为(15-18):1,在室温下继续搅拌2-3h后静置18-24h,得到纳米氧化钛溶胶。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请采用钛酸丁酯作为前驱体制备得到纳米氧化钛溶胶,整个制备方法简单,生产效率较高,而且制备得到的纳米氧化钛除了能有效阻止水蒸气侵蚀ZrO2、抗菌外,其还具有很好的生物相容性,将其包覆在种植体上置于生物体内不会产生排异反应,而且纳米氧化钛也不会对生物体产生任何毒副作用。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、本申请采用Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉制备种植桥架修复体,Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉中ZrO2四方相的稳定性较佳,从而提高了制备得到的种植桥架修复体的抗疲劳性能和力学性能;
2、本申请在修复体本体中加入纳米氧化镁和纳米碳化硅,一方面提高了ZrO2晶相的稳定性,从而提高修复体抗疲劳性能,另一方面赋予修复体抗菌性能,有效改善口腔卫生环境;
3、本申请在修复体本体上包覆纳米氧化钛涂层,纳米氧化钛涂层可以有效阻止水蒸气与氧化锆接触,降低氧化锆的相变速率,提高了材料的抗疲劳性能和力学性能,并赋予修复体良好的抗菌性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请的纳米氧化镁购自上海迈坤化工有限公司;
本申请的纳米碳化硅购自清河县诺图焊接材料有限公司;
本申请的钛酸丁酯购自南通润州化工有限公司。
制备例1
所述纳米氧化钛溶胶的制备方法为:
将100mL钛酸丁酯溶于200mL无水乙醇中并加入10mL乙酰丙酮,在200rpm/mim的搅拌转速下室温搅拌40min;将1800mL 75%乙醇以18mL/min的速度滴加到搅拌后的钛酸丁酯混合液中,在室温下继续搅拌2h后静置24h,得到纳米氧化钛溶胶。
制备例2
所述纳米氧化钛溶胶的制备方法为:
将100mL钛酸丁酯溶于300mL无水乙醇中并加入10mL乙酰丙酮,在300rpm/mim的搅拌转速下室温搅拌25min;将1500mL 75%乙醇以15mL/min的速度滴加到搅拌后的钛酸丁酯混合液中,在室温下继续搅拌3h后静置18h,得到纳米氧化钛溶胶。
实施例1
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.称取100g Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、5g纳米氧化镁、0.1g纳米碳化硅、2g十二烷基硫酸钠和100g水,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为0.5h,转速为300rpm/min;研磨后在80℃干燥8h、粉碎;
Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将6.77g Y2O3、2.67gAlCl3和322.25g ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,在500rpm/min,70℃搅拌15min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入9.67g聚乙烯醇,超声波分散15min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为0.7:1,再调节pH至6.8;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以5℃/min的升温速度升至90℃,并保温60h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在120℃干燥6h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在600℃保温2.5h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉;
S2.采用等静压成型,等静压成型压强为500MPa;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结,预烧结温度为1200℃,时间为3h;
S4.采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层制备例1制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥30min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层制备例1制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥30min;将干燥后的胚体在480℃保温80min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体(纳米氧化钛涂层厚度0.045mm),最后根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
实施例2
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.称取105g Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、3g纳米氧化镁、1g纳米碳化硅、1g无水乙醇和210g水,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为1h,转速为150rpm/min;研磨后在70℃干燥10h、粉碎;
Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将10.23g Y2O3、1.33g AlCl3和322.25g ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,在800rpm/min,80℃搅拌10min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入16.11g聚乙烯醇,超声波分散10min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为0.8:1,再调节pH至7.2;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以2℃/min的升温速度升至85℃,并保温80h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在130℃干燥4h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在650℃保温1.5h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉;
S2.采用等静压成型,等静压成型压强为100MPa;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结,预烧结温度为1450℃,时间为2.5h;
S4.采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层制备例2制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层制备例2制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20min;将干燥后的胚体在520℃保温60min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体(纳米氧化钛涂层厚度0.05mm),最后根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
实施例3
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.称取102g Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、4g纳米氧化镁、0.5g纳米碳化硅、1.5g无水乙醇和122.4g水,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为0.6h,转速为250rpm/min;研磨后在75℃干燥8.5h、粉碎;
Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将7.23g Y2O3、2.40g AlCl3和322.25g ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,在600rpm/min,78℃搅拌12min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入12.89g聚乙烯醇,超声波分散14min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为0.72:1,再调节pH至7;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以4℃/min的升温速度升至88℃,并保温65h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在125℃干燥5h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在610℃保温2.2h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉;
S2.采用等静压成型,等静压成型压强为400MPa;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结,预烧结温度为1400℃,时间为2.6h;
S4.采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层制备例1制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥25min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层制备例1制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥25min;将干燥后的胚体在500℃保温70min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体(纳米氧化钛涂层厚度0.04mm),最后根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
实施例4
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.称取103g Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、4.5g纳米氧化镁、0.2g纳米碳化硅、1.6g十二烷基硫酸钠和164.8g水,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为0.8h,转速为200rpm/min;研磨后在78℃干燥9h、粉碎;
Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将7.90g Y2O3、2.00g AlCl3和322.25g ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,在700rpm/min,75℃搅拌14min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入11.28g聚乙烯醇,超声波分散13min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为0.75:1,再调节pH至7.1;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以3℃/min的升温速度升至86℃,并保温75h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在128℃干燥4.5h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在630℃保温2h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉;
S2.采用等静压成型,等静压成型压强为300MPa;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结,预烧结温度为1300℃,时间为2.8h;
S4.采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层制备例2制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥25min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层制备例2制备的纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥25min;将干燥后的胚体在500℃保温75min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体(纳米氧化钛涂层厚度0.06mm),最后根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
实施例5
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例1的区别在于:步骤S3中,预烧结的方法为:将成型后的坯体放入外加电场强度为650V/cm,电流密度为10A cm2的环境中,并在930℃烧结2h。
实施例6
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例1的区别在于:步骤S3中,预烧结的方法为:将成型后的坯体放入外加电场强度为700V/cm,电流密度为12A cm2的环境中,并在950℃烧结1.5h。
对比例1
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例2的区别在于:步骤S1中,采用ZrO2粉替换Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉。
对比例2
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例2的区别在于:步骤S1中,不加入纳米氧化镁。
对比例3
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例2的区别在于:步骤S1中,不加入纳米碳化硅。
对比例4
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例2的区别在于:步骤S1中,加入5g纳米碳化硅。
对比例5
一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,与实施例2的区别在于:不进行步骤S4的操作。
性能检测
1.参照JISR1601标准测定实施例1-6和对比例1-5制备的修复体的三点弯曲强度;
2.参照JISR1607标准测定实施例1-6和对比例1-5制备的修复体的破坏韧性;
3.参照ISO13356标准对实施例1-6和对比例1-5制备的修复体进行水热处理实验,再测定修复体的三点弯曲强度和破坏韧性,水热处理实验的实验条件为200℃、1MPa、10h;
4.将表皮葡萄球菌、厌氧链球菌和乳杆菌接种于实施例1-6和对比例1-5制备的修复体上,并在适宜的条件下培养7d,检测修复体表面三种细菌的菌落生长情况。
实验结果参见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0002953005880000091
Figure BDA0002953005880000101
从表1可以看出,本申请实施例1-4制备的修复体具有优异的弯曲强度和破坏韧性,在经过水热处理后,依然能够保持非常好的机械性能,同时具有很好的抗菌性能,延长了修复体的使用寿命。另外,本申请实施例5-6制备的修复体的机械性能和抗疲劳性能进一步提升,实验结果表明,缩短烧结时间,降低烧结温度能够提高修复体内部微结构的均匀性,从而提高了修复体整体的机械性能。
对比例1与实施例2的区别在于采用普通ZrO2粉替代Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉。从表1可以看出,对比例1制备的修复体的弯曲强度和破坏韧性显著下降,经过水热处理后,修复体的机械强度更是急剧下降。实验结果表明,普通ZrO2粉的晶相稳定性较差,非常容易从四方相氧化锆向单斜相氧化锆相变,尤其在水热处理过程中,这种相变发生频率大幅提高,而且ZrO2粉的晶粒尺寸较大,在修复体内部分布不均,以上两个方面严重影响了制备得到的修复体的力学性能,缩短了修复体的使用寿命。
对比例2与实施例2的区别在于不加入纳米氧化镁。从表1可以看出,对比例2制备的修复体的抗弯曲性能和破坏韧性下降,而且抗菌性能显著下降。实验结果表明,纳米氧化镁的加入,既起到了稳定氧化锆晶相的作用,又起到了抗菌的效果。
对比例3、4与实施例2的区别在于纳米碳化硅的添加量不同。从表1可以看出,对比例3不加入纳米碳化硅,制备得到的修复体的力学性能有所下降,抗菌性能也有所下降;对比例4加入过量的纳米碳化硅,制备得到的修复体的力学性能下降明显。实验结果表明,本申请加入适量的纳米碳化硅,可以稍微提高制备得到的修复体的机械性能,最重要的是,可以提高修复体的抗菌性能。
对比例5与实施例2的区别在于不进行修复体的表面改性。从表1可以看出,对比例5制备得到的修复体在进行水热实验后,弯曲强度和破坏韧性大幅度下降,而且抗菌性能也有所下降。实验结果表明,修复体表面包覆纳米氧化钛涂层后,氧化钛涂层能有效降低单斜相的转化率,提高了晶相稳定性,从而提高了修复体的机械强度,而且纳米氧化钛还具有较好的抗菌性能,从两个方面提高了制备得到的修复体的使用寿命。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种种植桥架修复体,其特征在于:包括修复体本体和涂覆层;
所述修复体本体包括以下重量份的组分:Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉100-105份、纳米氧化镁 3-5份、纳米碳化硅 0.1-1份、分散剂1-2份;
所述涂覆层为纳米氧化钛材料,厚度为0.04-0.06mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种种植桥架修复体,其特征在于:所述修复体本体包括以下重量份的组分:Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉101-104份、纳米氧化镁 3.5-4.5份、纳米碳化硅0.1-0.5份、分散剂1.5-1.8份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种种植桥架修复体,其特征在于:所述分散剂为十二烷基硫酸钠或无水乙醇。
4.一种权利要求1-3任一所述的种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1.称取规定量的Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉、纳米氧化镁、纳米碳化硅和分散剂,混合后进行研磨,研磨时间为0.5-1h,转速为150-300rpm/min;研磨后干燥、粉碎;
S2.采用等静压成型;
S3.将成型后的坯体进行预烧结;
S4.将预烧结得到的胚体采用纳米氧化钛进行表面改性,再根据需要加工改性后的胚体得到种植桥架修复体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的制备方法为:
a.将Y2O3、AlCl3和ZrOC12·8H2O加入到过量的浓硝酸中,Y2O3、AlCl3和ZrOC12·8H2O的摩尔比为(3-4):(1-2):100,在500-800rpm/min,70-80℃搅拌10-15min;
b.向步骤a中得到的混合物中加入聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇的加入量为ZrOC12·8H2O质量的3-5%,超声波分散10-15min;
c.向步骤b得到的混合物中加入柠檬酸,柠檬酸与硝酸盐的摩尔比为(0.7-0.8):1,再调节pH至6.8-7.2;
d.将步骤c获得的产物以2-5℃/min的升温速度升至85-90℃,并保温60-80h;
e.将步骤d获得的产物在120-130℃干燥4-6h,将干燥后的产物加热至自蔓延燃烧,将燃烧后的产物在600-650℃保温1.5-2.5h,即得Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,在研磨过程中还加入水,水与Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米粉的质量比为 (1-2): 1。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,等静压成型压强为100-500MPa。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,预烧结的方法为:将成型后的坯体放入外加电场强度为650-700V/cm,电流密度为10-12A cm2的环境中,并在930-950℃烧结1.5-2h。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S4中,预烧结后的胚体表面改性方法为:采用浸涂法在预烧结后的胚体上涂覆第一层纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20-30min;再在胚体上涂覆第二层纳米氧化钛溶胶,室温下干燥20-30min;将干燥后的胚体在480-520℃保温60-80min,冷却至室温即得改性后的胚体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种种植桥架修复体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述纳米氧化钛溶胶的制备方法为:将钛酸丁酯溶于无水乙醇中并加入乙酰丙酮,在200-300rpm/mim的搅拌转速下室温搅拌25-40min,钛酸丁酯、乙醇和乙酰丙酮的体积比为10:(20-30):1;将75%乙醇以15-18mL/min的速度滴加到搅拌后的钛酸丁酯混合液中,75%乙醇与钛酸丁酯的体积比为(15-18):1,在室温下继续搅拌2-3h后静置18-24h,得到纳米氧化钛溶胶。
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