CN112806523A - 一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，包括以下步骤：1)新鲜米糠过20‑40目筛，收集细米糠；2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％‑30％的量均匀添加到米糠中；3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至0.5‑3cm厚的紧实片状；4)将步骤3)制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在80‑120℃条件下处理3‑10min；5)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。本发明提供的一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，有效杀灭米糠中的微生物和虫卵，同时对米糠中的过氧化物酶和脂肪氧化酶灭活，防止米糠的变质；将米糠与抗氧化乳浊液混匀，并经皮滚轮压制成中高水分的紧实体状态，便于射频加工处理过程中保存其中营养素不被破坏。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工领域，具体是指一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法。
背景技术
稻谷是我国第一大粮食品种，目前年产2亿吨左右，稻谷加工成精米的过程是：先砻谷(去掉谷壳)成为糙米，糙米再经研磨成为精米。精米加工过程就是将糙米的种皮、胚和部分糊粉层磨除，此磨除物即为米糠。据国内外谷物化学的多篇文献报道，米糠含有人体所需要的90％的营养素，营养素含量占整粒米的60％以上，称为“天赐的营养源”。米糠平均含蛋白质15％，脂肪16％-22％，糖3％-8％，40％以上的膳食纤维、半纤维素等，其脂肪中主要的脂肪酸大多为油酸、亚油酸等单不饱和及双不饱和脂肪酸，对人体健康十分有益。另外，米糠的微量营养素组成很有特色，含有生理活性很高的维生素E、γ-氨基丁酸、谷胱甘肽、角鲨烯、维生素B、六磷酸肌醇、γ-谷维素、γ-阿魏酸、N-去氢神经酰胺等，多年的科学研究已经证实上述物质具有明确的保健功能。可见米糠是一种高营养含量的可再生资源，在调节机体生理机能和防治病症方面有潜在的良好作用。具有控制血压、降低胆固醇、通便、减少尿结石及抗癌护肤等多种保健作用。开发该产品对主食谷物区人群的营养改善具有独到的优势。
但米糠含有较高的极性脂质及较高的氧化酶活性，因此贮藏稳定性较差，一般10天左右其过氧化值就超过食用的标准。因此，解决米糠中油脂成分水解和酸败是提高米糠经济价值的核心。目前稳定化方法主要包括微波加热处理、热风干燥处理、蒸汽处理、低温储藏处理、法学处理法等，但未能完全有效解决米糠变质的问题。
射频，它是一种频率为3kHz～300MHz高频交流变化的电磁波。射频杀菌灭酶的原理是利用食品内极性分子在电磁波中的运动，导致分子间摩擦产生热量，使得食品在射频加热腔内升温，达到加热效果，从而杀灭微生物和酶。相比于传统加热方式，射频技术具有加热均匀、加热速度快、穿透能力强、高速杀菌和含水率自平衡等优势。射频加热技术应用于食品与农产品加工领域越来越受到重视。
发明内容
以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其提高米糠的稳定性，防止其氧化变质，同时实现米糠杀菌和干燥的目的。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案为：
1.一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)新鲜米糠过20-40目筛，收集细米糠；
2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％-30％的量均匀添加到米糠中，抗氧化乳浊液的温度在70-80℃，所述抗氧化乳浊液的制备方法包括以下具体步骤：
S1:准备原料：按质量百分比准备抗坏血酸钠0.2％-0.6％、天然维生素E0.4％-0.8％、95％的乙醇2％-4％及双乙酰酒石酸单甘0.1％-0.3％，其余为水；
S2:配制：先将抗坏血酸钠和双乙酰酒石酸单甘酯直接添加到少量温水中充分搅拌至溶解后，把其余水全部加入，再将天然维生素E溶解到乙醇溶液中，使两部分溶液充分混合；
S3:混合液经饮料用普通均质机在5MPa-10MPa压力下均质得到抗氧化性乳浊液。
3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至0.5-3cm厚的紧实片状；
4)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。
作为改正，所述射频发生器产生的频率为10MHz-100MHz，射频功率调节范围为0-8kw。
作为改正，所述天然维生素E的有效含量在90％以上。
作为改正，所述将步骤3)中制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在80-120℃条件下处理3-10min。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明采用射频加热技术，有效杀灭米糠中的微生物和虫卵，同时对米糠中的过氧化物酶和脂肪氧化酶灭活，防止米糠的变质；通过预处理，将米糠与抗氧化乳浊液混匀，并经皮滚轮压制成中高水分的紧实体状态，便于射频加工处理过程中保存其中营养素不被破坏。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例一
一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)新鲜米糠过20-40目筛，收集细米糠；
2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％-30％的量均匀添加到米糠中，抗氧化乳浊液的温度在70℃；
3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至0.5cm厚的紧实片状；
4)将步骤3)制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在80℃条件下处理3min；
5)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。
所述射频发生器产生的频率为10MHzMHz，射频功率1kw。
所述抗氧化乳浊液的制备方法包括以下具体步骤：
S1:准备原料：按质量百分比准备抗坏血酸钠0.2％、天然维生素E0.4％、95％的乙醇2％及双乙酰酒石酸单甘0.1％，其余为水；
S2:配制：先将抗坏血酸钠和双乙酰酒石酸单甘酯直接添加到少量温水中充分搅拌至溶解后，把其余水全部加入，再将天然维生素E溶解到乙醇溶液中，使两部分溶液充分混合；
S3:混合液经饮料用普通均质机在5MPa压力下均质得到抗氧化性乳浊液。
所述天然维生素E的有效含量在90％以上。
实施例二
一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)新鲜米糠过30目筛，收集细米糠；
2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％-30％的量均匀添加到米糠中，抗氧化乳浊液的温度在75℃中；
3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至1.7cm厚的紧实片状；
4)将步骤3)制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在80-120℃条件下处理7min；
5)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。
所述射频发生器产生的频率为60MHz，射频功率4kw。
所述抗氧化乳浊液的制备方法包括以下具体步骤：
S1:准备原料：按质量百分比准备抗坏血酸钠0.4％、天然维生素E0.6％、95％的乙醇3％及双乙酰酒石酸单甘0.2％，其余为水；
S2:配制：先将抗坏血酸钠和双乙酰酒石酸单甘酯直接添加到少量温水中充分搅拌至溶解后，把其余水全部加入，再将天然维生素E溶解到乙醇溶液中，使两部分溶液充分混合；
S3:混合液经饮料用普通均质机在7MPa压力下均质得到抗氧化性乳浊液。
所述天然维生素E的有效含量在90％以上。
实施例三
一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)新鲜米糠过40目筛，收集细米糠；
2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％-30％的量均匀添加到米糠中，抗氧化乳浊液的温度在80℃；
3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至3cm厚的紧实片状；
4)将步骤3)制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在120℃条件下处理10min；
5)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。
所述射频发生器产生的频率为100MHz，射频功率为8kw。
所述抗氧化乳浊液的制备方法包括以下具体步骤：
S1:准备原料：按质量百分比准备抗坏血酸钠0.6％、天然维生素E0.8％、95％的乙醇4％及双乙酰酒石酸单甘0.3％，其余为水；
S2:配制：先将抗坏血酸钠和双乙酰酒石酸单甘酯直接添加到少量温水中充分搅拌至溶解后，把其余水全部加入，再将天然维生素E溶解到乙醇溶液中，使两部分溶液充分混合；
S3:混合液经饮料用普通均质机在10MPa压力下均质得到抗氧化性乳浊液。
所述天然维生素E的有效含量在90％以上。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)新鲜米糠过20-40目筛，收集细米糠；
2)配制抗氧化乳浊液，并将该乳浊液按占米糠重量的20％-30％的量均匀添加到米糠中，抗氧化乳浊液的温度在70-80℃，所述抗氧化乳浊液的制备方法包括以下具体步骤：
S1:准备原料：按质量百分比准备抗坏血酸钠0.2％-0.6％、天然维生素E0.4％-0.8％、95％的乙醇2％-4％及双乙酰酒石酸单甘0.1％-0.3％，其余为水；
S2:配制：先将抗坏血酸钠和双乙酰酒石酸单甘酯直接添加到少量温水中充分搅拌至溶解后，把其余水全部加入，再将天然维生素E溶解到乙醇溶液中，使两部分溶液充分混合；
S3:混合液经饮料用普通均质机在5MPa-10MPa压力下均质得到抗氧化性乳浊液。
3)混料完毕后，将米糠经皮滚轮压至0.5-3cm厚的紧实片状；
4)将经射频处理后的米糠再经粉碎、过筛和包装，即得米珍营养粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其特征在于，所述射频发生器产生的频率为10MHz-100MHz，射频功率调节范围为0-8kw。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其特征在于，所述天然维生素E的有效含量在90％以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种射频加工稳定化米糠的方法，其特征在于，所述将步骤3)中制得的片状米糠输送至射频发生器内，使米糠在80-120℃条件下处理3-10min。
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