CN112785401A - Contract receivables management method for engineering project - Google Patents

Contract receivables management method for engineering project Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112785401A
CN112785401A CN202110106414.2A CN202110106414A CN112785401A CN 112785401 A CN112785401 A CN 112785401A CN 202110106414 A CN202110106414 A CN 202110106414A CN 112785401 A CN112785401 A CN 112785401A
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manager
marketing
project
receivable
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郭亚雯
袁磊
曹瑞
徐冲
顾施思
黄华
夏扬
沈晖
张旗东
沈轶奇
朱维奇
范应奇
孙礼明
孙志敏
闫思佳
伏晓玲
董天夫
左金建
过群
崔栋
王力
陈宙
杜军
高海忠
海洋
刘莉萍
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Baosteel Engineering and Technology Group Co Ltd
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Baosteel Engineering and Technology Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a contract receivable account management method for engineering projects. A contract receivables management method for engineering projects is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps: related information maintenance is carried out on a sales side of the management and management sharing system; collecting data of the intelligent engineering platform; and thirdly, RPA intelligent pushing early warning. The invention has the advantages of timely information collection and comprehensive tracking analysis.

Description

Contract receivables management method for engineering project
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a contract receivable account management method for engineering projects.
Background
Compared with the manufacturing industry, the retail industry and the service industry, the product (engineering project) of the engineering industry is generally higher in capital investment amount and generally longer in engineering construction period, generally 2-3 years, and the product (engineering project) is collected in batches according to the pre-paid amount, the progress amount and the warranty amount in the process. In the traditional mode, due to the fact that cross-term settlement of the engineering industry exists, the node for making out an invoice is different from the node for executing an actual project, when hundreds or thousands of projects are developed in parallel, large deviation can be generated between 'accounts receivable' formed by making out an invoice on finance and 'account receivable' of a contract actually in business, and management difficulty is high.
Under the traditional manual mode, most financial departments manage the accounting accounts by manual account accounts and send the accounting accounts to the marketing department to collect the accounts, so that the efficiency is low, the data is inaccurate, the responsibility is unclear, and the fund returns slowly. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. the industrial and financial fusion degree is low. Currently, the engineering industry generally only manages receivable accounts of an accounting account, a financial department manually counts the receivable accounts and sends the accounts to a marketing department, and after the accounts are received by the marketing department, the marketing department manually confirms execution progress with a project department one by one and then urges receipt to a client; the data apertures of the financial department, the marketing department and the production department are inconsistent, no business and financial integration exists, all departments work repeatedly, when hundreds or thousands of projects are developed in parallel, the work of manual multi-department statistical confirmation is difficult to advance, the accuracy of data is low, and the money return efficiency is greatly influenced.
2. Collection responsibility is unclear. The financial department tracks and manages the condition of returning the goods and money according to the receivable accounts of the accounting surface, but the receivable accounts in the traditional accounting can only display the money formed by invoicing, can not truly and effectively reflect the contents of contract clauses, execution progress, owner confirmation conditions and the like of the items, can not visually display the reason of forming the receivable accounts, the marketing department and the production department can mutually impound, the marketing department considers that the receivable accounts contain the money which is not executed and completed in the items, and the production department considers that the management of the receivable accounts is the responsibility of the marketing department, so that the right and profit attribution is unclear, the money collection is difficult and the money collection is slow.
3. The technical means is lacking, people, technology and data can not be organically fused, the traditional manual mode is generally used for data processing in the engineering industry at present, manual one-by-one notification is carried out, for hundreds of projects and thousands of projects, all management responsible persons are notified, feedback information is recovered, the time of more than 1 month is basically needed, and the project state and the collection condition at the moment are greatly changed.
Therefore, in the traditional mode, a manual standing book mode is usually adopted, different returning managers of financial, marketing and production departments record project collection progress, execution progress and invoicing conditions, data are poor in transverse interaction, the management requirements of modern enterprises on collection data dynamic collection, real-time pushing and the like cannot be met, systematic and full-period tracking analysis of projects is difficult to form, collection responsibility is not clear, data between a business system and a financial system are stored in a scattered mode, the business and financial combination level is low, and project asset management has pain points.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a contract receivable account management method for engineering projects, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an account management means which is timely in information collection and comprehensive in tracking analysis.
The invention achieves the purpose by the following technical scheme:
a contract receivables management method for engineering projects is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:
related information maintenance is performed at a sales end of the management and management sharing system:
1, maintaining basic information of sales contracts:
the marketing manager maintains and inputs the main information of the marketing contract in the management and management sharing system, and the content comprises the following steps: item number, customer code, contract name, contract sub-item content, contract start and end dates, and contract collection terms,
item 2 plan maintenance:
the marketing manager carries out planned maintenance of terms under the contract of sales according to the terms of the contract, and the contents comprise: contract phase, fee category, tax rate, contract delivery time, expected collection time, collection amount, percentage of collection, acceptance period, term confirmation time,
the project manager carries out scheduled maintenance of the downward clauses of the sales contract according to the actual project progress, and the contents comprise: lead time adjustment, actual lead time and lead adjustment reason,
1, 3, collection plan information:
the marketing manager maintains the collection plan information under the condition of sales contract according to the contract clauses, and the contents comprise: a predicted collection date, a predicted collection amount, and an actual collection amount;
collecting data of the intelligent engineering platform:
and forming the analysis of the account age of the receivable and non-collected state of each item by taking the intelligent engineering platform as a gripper according to the information maintained by the sales end of the early-stage operation management sharing system. The acquisition frequency is real-time. The access information includes: the system comprises a project number, a contract name, a client name, a responsibility department, a project type, a region, a contract receivable amount and non-receivable amount, an account age distribution condition, a project manager, a marketing manager and a financial manager, wherein the data which are acquired after logic judgment and calculation comprise:
1, the amount of the non-income due to the contract: contract receivable-not-received amount = planned-actual-received amount,
2, account age distribution condition:
account age division: 0 to 3 months, more than 3 months to 6 months, more than 6 months to 1 year, more than 1 year to 2 years, more than 2 years,
account age = current date- [ actual delivery date + (scheduled collection date-contract delivery date) ];
RPA intelligent push early warning:
1, pushing and early warning according to item dimensions:
and pushing early warning to each project according to the marketing manager, the project manager, the financial manager and the main and the subordinate of the marketing department corresponding to the project according to the acquired data every month. The content pushing comprises the following steps: item number, contract receivable and not receivable balance, account age distribution condition, marketing manager and item manager. Wherein the early warning is pushed to the marketing manager and the project manager without links,
the pushing principle is as follows: pushing items with the same receivable and non-receivable amount larger than 0, and defining warning information according to the account age, wherein the warning levels are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
according to the warning level, carrying out early warning pushing by personnel, and for an E project: the class I warning is not pushed, and the class II warning, the class III warning and the class IV warning are all pushed to a marketing manager, a marketing department chief and a financial manager; for non-E projects, the class I warning is not pushed, the class II warning, the class III warning and the class IV warning are all pushed to a marketing manager, a project manager, a marketing department chief and a financial manager, and in order to increase visual effect, the class I warning is blue, the class II warning is yellow, the class III warning is orange, and the class IV warning is red, as shown below;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
and thirdly, 2, feeding back the reason why the contract is receivable and not collected:
marketing manager, project manager click the attached link of propelling movement early warning to not withdrawing the money feedback reason in 3 days after receiving the early warning propelling movement, and the reason, reason optional are not withdrawed in the feedback: the method comprises the following steps that project progress is delayed, client funds are poor, acceptance and assessment or completion settlement is disputed, warranty period quality disputed, account checking disputed and the like, wherein other items need to be further filled with reasons, the reasons can be selected, feedback reason information is pushed to an intelligent engineering platform, and data collection is carried out on the intelligent engineering as shown in the specification;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
thirdly, report pushing:
according to the previous stage platform access number and the reason that the amount of the receivable and unreceived contract is not received and fed back by the related personnel, a report form of the receivable and unreceived contract age table is formed and is pushed to the related personnel every month: the division leader of the division, the master and the subjecture of the marketing planning room, the division leader of the marketing, the law manager, the division leader of the law, the leader of the division and the leader of the finance of the company, provides basic data conditions for the subsequent formation of a collection urging scheme,
the contract receivable and unreceived age table is pushed by sub-personnel according to the report range and warning definition, and the full report range is pushed to other personnel except the division of the business department according to the range of the division of the business department; the business division chief, the marketing plan room chief and the marketing division chief are pushed items defined as blue, yellow, orange and red warnings, namely all account ages, and the rest of the personnel are pushed items defined as orange and red warnings, namely the account ages are more than 6 months, as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
the contract receivable account management method for the engineering project is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the contract itemized content in the step 1 comprises money and tax rate; the contract stage in the step (2) comprises the processes, delivery, assessment and quality assurance, and the cost category comprises design, equipment and construction safety.
The BEOS, an operation management sharing system, is an online business system platform integrating multiple specialties such as sales, purchase, project management, finance and the like. The invention is used as the basic service data source.
Based on the relevant information of the main contract, business personnel perform corresponding maintenance in the system, including maintenance and entry of main information of the sales contract, including project numbers, contract names, contracts, sub-item contents of the contracts and the like; carrying out scheduling maintenance of downward terms of the sales contract according to contract terms, including contract collection terms, contract delivery time, expected contract collection time, contract collection amount and the like, carrying out scheduling maintenance of downward terms of the sales contract according to the actual project progress, including delivery time adjustment, actual delivery time and the like; and (4) carrying out the collection plan information maintenance in the direction of sales contract according to contract clauses, wherein the collection plan information maintenance comprises expected collection date, expected collection amount, actual collection amount and the like.
The RPA is an abbreviation of a robot Process Automation, namely robot Process Automation, and is a novel artificial intelligent virtual Process Automation robot. The core of the RPA is that the 'substitute' is carried out on the fixed flow operation such as repeatability, low value, no need of manual decision and the like through an automation and intelligent technology, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency and reducing errors. The invention mainly plays the following roles: the intelligent engineering platform extracts the relevant information of the operation management sharing system, after the information is combined and analyzed according to the operation logic, the RPA technology is utilized to automatically push all operation data, analysis results and early warning prompts of the project to mobile terminals such as mobile phones of all levels of accountants, pads and the like according to preset early warning rules, all levels of accountants feed back information at the mobile terminals, the RPA automatically collects the information and then backfills the information to the intelligent engineering platform in real time, the data information is perfected, the data is directly and efficiently collected and displayed to management and decision-making personnel, a monitoring mechanism is formed corresponding to collection of money, and support is provided for stable operation of the project. The RPA plays a role of 'magpie bridge', connects all levels of accountants and decision managers, and automatically acquires, transmits and displays data.
The invention overcomes the defect of account receivable management in the existing engineering industry, takes the contract account receivable as a management object, realizes the integration of production, supply and marketing, builds a 'magpie bridge' for sharing the industrial and financial data, connects all levels of accountants and decision managers, and automatically acquires, transmits and displays the data in real time. By means of the Internet technology, people, technology and data are organically fused, and people make decisions on a platform by means of the technology and the data. Has the following beneficial effects:
1. the management object of the invention is 'account receivable for contract', which is different from 'account receivable for contract' of the traditional accounting subject, and the 'account receivable for contract' refers to an account receivable item formed after reaching the actual execution progress of a project according to the contract agreed terms, while the 'account receivable' in the traditional accounting subject can only display the account item formed by invoicing, can not truly and effectively reflect the contents of the contract terms, the execution progress, the owner confirmation condition and the like of the issued project, can not visually display the reason for forming account receivable, so that an effective account receivable monitoring mechanism can not be established.
2. In the engineering industry, invoicing is usually performed after approval of an owner, so that there is a time difference between the account receivable of the contract and the account receivable of the contract, and the account receivable of the contract is usually greater than or equal to the account receivable. The arrangement of the account receivable of the contract is helpful for promoting the project billing, further promoting the refund of the whole project and reducing the cost of capital occupation. The management of the accounts receivable in the contract, which is related by the invention, runs through the whole process of production, supply and marketing, and further tracks and analyzes the incomplete collection plan caused by the fact that the project does not reach the progress or the incomplete collection plan caused by the fact that the project has reached the progress but other objective reasons, clears the collection responsibility of a marketing collection department and a production operation department, and really realizes the clear division of right and left responsibility.
3. Based on the ICT technology, through logical operation and computational logic, an intelligent engineering platform automatically calculates the account receivable of each contract of each project, meanwhile, by means of a new RPA intelligent early warning pushing technology, data are collected in real time, project data, analysis results and early warning prompts are transmitted to the responders of all levels of the project in time, and a monitoring mechanism is formed by corresponding collection in combination with the reason that the account receivable is not recovered and fed back by a marketing department and a production department. The RPA plays a role of 'magpie bridge', connects all levels of accountants and decision managers, and automatically acquires, transmits and displays data. The efficient connection between people, between people and numbers and between numbers is realized, and support is provided for the stable operation of projects.
4. By optimizing and integrating the financial, marketing and production departments and other systems across departments and integrating the industry and the wealth, deep mining and analysis are carried out on capital data, project asset capital management is refined, after a monitoring mechanism is formed for the same accounts receivable, a decision maker is helped to make a precise collection urging scheme, support is provided for reducing the two-fund scale and improving the clearing capacity, and cash flow safety is guaranteed.
The invention initiates a contract receivable management mode based on the characteristics of the engineering industry, takes the legal text clauses of the contract clauses as the tracking basis, relies on the ICT technology, takes the project as the center, starts from a sales end, and performs systematic and full-period dynamic tracking analysis on the project through the full period of contract fulfillment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for managing account receivable of a contract for an engineering project is implemented in the following steps in sequence as shown in FIG. 1:
related information maintenance is performed at a sales end of the management and management sharing system:
1, maintaining basic information of sales contracts:
the marketing manager maintains and inputs the main information of the marketing contract in the management and management sharing system, and the content comprises the following steps: item number, customer code, contract name, contract sub-item (including amount, tax rate), contract start and end dates, and contract collection terms,
item 2 plan maintenance:
the marketing manager carries out planned maintenance of terms under the contract of sales according to the terms of the contract, and the contents comprise: contract stage (including process, delivery, assessment, warranty), cost category (including design, equipment, build security), tax rate, contract delivery time, estimated collection time, collection amount, cash proportion, acceptance period, term confirmation time,
the 'process' in the contract stage is a process of implementing construction and management of a project according to contract terms, starting the project to finishing the project, and realizing a progress target and a quality target through project planning and control; "deliver" means after the project is finished, after confirming every resource, work that the project is finished, according to the way, method stipulated by the contract clause to give the paying owner the project result; the 'examination' means that after the project achievement is delivered to the owner, the owner or a third party entrusted by the owner checks and accepts the project achievement, and the project achievement is rectified in time according to the checking and accepting result and the checking and accepting suggestion until the checking and accepting are qualified; "quality assurance" means that after the project acceptance is qualified, the quality of the project achievement is guaranteed for a certain period according to the contract terms agreement, so as to ensure that the production and construction of the project achievement meet the performance requirements.
The expense categories are distinguished according to three dimensions of design, equipment and construction and security, the production period of the project and the collection responsible person are different mainly due to different service categories, and the fund return condition of the whole project is further influenced, wherein the design category (E) project collection responsible person is a marketing manager; the non-design (non-E) project prepayment and quality insurance money collection responsibility are the marketing manager, and the progress money collection responsibility is the project manager. The method distinguishes the receivable accounts of the contract according to the expense category, implements the collection responsibility division to specific responsible persons in stages, can clarify the collection responsibility among departments, really realizes the clear division of the right responsibility profit, ensures the effective return of funds, and prevents the operation risk of a company.
The project manager carries out scheduled maintenance of the downward clauses of the sales contract according to the actual project progress, and the contents comprise: lead time adjustment, actual lead time and lead adjustment reason,
1, 3, collection plan information:
the marketing manager maintains the collection plan information under the condition of sales contract according to the contract clauses, and the contents comprise: a predicted collection date, a predicted collection amount, and an actual collection amount;
collecting data of the intelligent engineering platform:
and forming the analysis of the account age of the receivable and non-collected state of each item by taking the intelligent engineering platform as a gripper according to the information maintained by the sales end of the early-stage operation management sharing system. The acquisition frequency is real-time. The access information includes: the system comprises a project number, a contract name, a client name, a responsibility department, a project type, a region, a contract receivable amount and non-receivable amount, an account age distribution condition, a project manager, a marketing manager and a financial manager, wherein the data which are acquired after logic judgment and calculation comprise:
1, the amount of the non-income due to the contract: contract receivable-not-received amount = planned-actual-received amount,
2, account age distribution condition:
account age division: 0 to 3 months, more than 3 months to 6 months, more than 6 months to 1 year, more than 1 year to 2 years, more than 2 years,
account age = current date- [ actual delivery date + (scheduled collection date-contract delivery date) ];
RPA intelligent push early warning:
1, pushing and early warning according to item dimensions:
and pushing early warning to each project according to the marketing manager, the project manager, the financial manager and the main and the subordinate of the marketing department corresponding to the project according to the acquired data every month. The content pushing comprises the following steps: item number, contract receivable and not receivable balance, account age distribution condition, marketing manager and item manager. Wherein the early warning is pushed to the marketing manager and the project manager without links,
the pushing principle is as follows: pushing items with the same receivable and non-receivable amount larger than 0, defining warning information according to the account age, wherein the warning level is shown in the following table:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
according to the warning level, carrying out early warning pushing by personnel, and for an E project: the level I blue warning is not pushed, and the level II yellow warning, the level III orange warning and the level IV red warning are all pushed to a marketing manager, a marketing department master and a financial manager; for non-E projects, level I blue alerts are not pushed, level II yellow alerts, level III orange alerts, and level IV red alerts are all pushed to the marketing manager, project manager, marketing department master and financial manager, as shown in the following table:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
and thirdly, 2, feeding back the reason why the contract is receivable and not collected:
marketing manager, project manager click the attached link of propelling movement early warning to not withdrawing the money feedback reason in 3 days after receiving the early warning propelling movement, and the reason, reason optional are not withdrawed in the feedback: the project progress is late, the client fund is not good, the acceptance and examination or completion settlement is disputed, the warranty period quality is different, the account is disputed and other items are required to be filled in further, the reason can be checked, the feedback reason information is pushed to the intelligent engineering platform, the intelligent engineering platform carries out data collection, and the following table shows that:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
thirdly, report pushing:
according to the previous stage platform access number and the reason that the amount of the receivable and unreceived contract is not received and fed back by the related personnel, a report form of the receivable and unreceived contract age table is formed and is pushed to the related personnel every month: the division leader of the division, the master and the subjecture of the marketing planning room, the division leader of the marketing, the law manager, the division leader of the law, the leader of the division and the leader of the finance of the company, provides basic data conditions for the subsequent formation of a collection urging scheme,
the contract receivable and unreceived age table is pushed by sub-personnel according to the report range and warning definition, and the full report range is pushed to other personnel except the division of the business department according to the range of the division of the business department; the business division chief, the marketing plan room chief and the marketing division chief are pushed items defined as blue, yellow, orange and red warnings, namely all account ages, and the rest of the staff are pushed items defined as orange and red warnings, namely account ages more than 6 months, as shown in the following table:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016

Claims (2)

1. a contract receivables management method for engineering projects is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:
related information maintenance is performed at a sales end of the management and management sharing system:
1, maintaining basic information of sales contracts:
the marketing manager maintains and inputs the main information of the marketing contract in the management and management sharing system, and the content comprises the following steps: item number, customer code, contract name, contract sub-item content, contract start and end dates, and contract collection terms,
item 2 plan maintenance:
the marketing manager carries out planned maintenance of terms under the contract of sales according to the terms of the contract, and the contents comprise: contract phase, fee category, tax rate, contract delivery time, expected collection time, collection amount, percentage of collection, acceptance period, term confirmation time,
the project manager carries out scheduled maintenance of the downward clauses of the sales contract according to the actual project progress, and the contents comprise: lead time adjustment, actual lead time and lead adjustment reason,
1, 3, collection plan information:
the marketing manager maintains the collection plan information under the condition of sales contract according to the contract clauses, and the contents comprise: a predicted collection date, a predicted collection amount, and an actual collection amount;
collecting data of the intelligent engineering platform:
and forming the analysis of the account age of the receivable and non-collected state of each item by taking the intelligent engineering platform as a gripper according to the information maintained by the sales end of the early-stage operation management sharing system. The acquisition frequency is real-time. The access information includes: the system comprises a project number, a contract name, a client name, a responsibility department, a project type, a region, a contract receivable amount and non-receivable amount, an account age distribution condition, a project manager, a marketing manager and a financial manager, wherein the data which are acquired after logic judgment and calculation comprise:
1, the amount of the non-income due to the contract: contract receivable-not-received amount = planned-actual-received amount,
2, account age distribution condition:
account age division: 0 to 3 months, more than 3 months to 6 months, more than 6 months to 1 year, more than 1 year to 2 years, more than 2 years,
account age = current date- [ actual delivery date + (scheduled collection date-contract delivery date) ];
RPA intelligent push early warning:
1, pushing and early warning according to item dimensions:
and pushing early warning to each project according to the marketing manager, the project manager, the financial manager and the main and the subordinate of the marketing department corresponding to the project according to the acquired data every month. The content pushing comprises the following steps: item number, contract receivable and not receivable balance, account age distribution condition, marketing manager and item manager. Wherein the early warning is pushed to the marketing manager and the project manager without links,
the pushing principle is as follows: pushing items with the same receivable and non-receivable amount larger than 0, and defining warning information according to the account age, wherein the warning levels are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
according to the warning level, carrying out early warning pushing by personnel, and for an E project: the class I warning is not pushed, and the class II warning, the class III warning and the class IV warning are all pushed to a marketing manager, a marketing department chief and a financial manager; for non-E projects, the class I warnings are not pushed, and the class II warnings, the class III warnings and the class IV warnings are all pushed to a marketing manager, a project manager, a marketing department master and a financial manager;
and thirdly, 2, feeding back the reason why the contract is receivable and not collected:
marketing manager, project manager click the attached link of propelling movement early warning to not withdrawing the money feedback reason in 3 days after receiving the early warning propelling movement, and the reason, reason optional are not withdrawed in the feedback: the method comprises the following steps that project progress is delayed, client funds are poor, acceptance and assessment or completion settlement is disputed, warranty period quality disputed, account checking disputed and the like, wherein other items need to be further filled with reasons, the reasons can be selected, feedback reason information is pushed to an intelligent engineering platform, and data collection is carried out on the intelligent engineering as shown in the specification;
Figure 375142DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
thirdly, report pushing:
according to the previous stage platform access number and the reason that the amount of the receivable and unreceived contract is not received and fed back by the related personnel, a report form of the receivable and unreceived contract age table is formed and is pushed to the related personnel every month: the division leader of the division, the master and the subjecture of the marketing planning room, the division leader of the marketing, the law manager, the division leader of the law, the leader of the division and the leader of the finance of the company, provides basic data conditions for the subsequent formation of a collection urging scheme,
the contract receivable and unreceived age table is pushed by sub-personnel according to the report range and warning definition, and the full report range is pushed to other personnel except the division of the business department according to the range of the division of the business department; and pushing items defined as I-level to IV-level warnings, namely all account ages, to the division chief of the division of the cause, the division chief of the marketing plan and the division chief of the marketing plan, and pushing items defined as III-level and IV-level warnings, namely the account ages are more than 6 months to the rest of personnel.
2. The method of contract receivables management for engineering projects of claim 1, wherein:
the contract itemized content in the step 1 comprises money and tax rate; the contract stage in the step (2) comprises the processes, delivery, assessment and quality assurance, and the cost category comprises design, equipment and construction safety.
CN202110106414.2A 2021-01-26 2021-01-26 Contract receivables management method for engineering project Pending CN112785401A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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