CN112753577A - Germination method of miniature hemp seed potato - Google Patents
Germination method of miniature hemp seed potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN112753577A CN112753577A CN202110049209.7A CN202110049209A CN112753577A CN 112753577 A CN112753577 A CN 112753577A CN 202110049209 A CN202110049209 A CN 202110049209A CN 112753577 A CN112753577 A CN 112753577A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a germination method of miniature jatropha curcas, belonging to the technical field of crop planting, the method comprises the steps of culturing the miniature jatropha curcas in a first culture medium, a second culture medium and a third culture medium, embedding the miniature jatropha curcas in an improved MS culture medium, and sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature jatropha curcas in the culture medium, so that the germination rate of the miniature jatropha curcas is finally improved, and the culture medium prepared in the invention can ensure that the miniature jatropha curcas germinates and grows into seedlings, provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the miniature jatropha curcas, and is beneficial to subsequent culture and transplanting survival.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a germination method of miniature hemp seed potato.
Background
The hemp seed potato is potato or potato. The potato is one of four grain crops second to wheat, rice and corn, and is also an efficient economic crop used as both grain, vegetable, feed and industrial raw materials, and the tuber is mainly used for nutrient propagation. Once the potato seeds are infected with diseases such as virus, fungus, bacteria and the like, the variety degradation and the quality and yield reduction are easily caused, so that the development of the potato processing industry is seriously stricken, and the most effective method for solving the problems is to produce the virus-free potato seeds in a large scale.
The potato miniature potato is a miniature potato block with the diameter of 1-10 cm produced by transplanting virus-free test-tube seedlings or cutting stem segments in an artificially prepared nutrient medium in an insect-proof greenhouse. The miniature potato factory production is a new technology for producing potato virus-free seed potatoes in a large scale and high standard by combining a soilless culture technology, a plant tissue culture technology, an aeroponic culture technology and a cuttage rapid propagation technology. Because the miniature potatoes have small volume and weight of only a few grams, the miniature potatoes are convenient to transport in large quantities, and the problem of difficult potato seed mixing and transportation is solved. Therefore, the production and development of the miniature potatoes are fast, and the miniature potatoes become one of the main technical measures for detoxification and rapid propagation in China.
However, the research and development potential of the miniature potato as a research system in various fields such as carbohydrate metabolism regulation, germplasm resource screening and evaluation, transgenic plant propagation, somatic cell crossbreeding, creation of 'molecular factories' and the like is not negligible.
However, the potato micro-potatoes have small volume, light weight, low content of nutrient substances and energy substances such as starch and the like, weak growth vigor, low emergence rate, easy water evaporation and loss during storage, often influence germination and emergence, and even influence seed reproduction and yield due to reduced vitality of the potato seeds, and the problems become main obstacles for developing potato seed production. Therefore, how to maintain or improve the vitality of the miniature jatropha curcas, solve the problems of low germination rate and improvement of the survival rate of transplanting in the late stage of germination and seedling formation becomes an important subject of domestic and foreign research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a germination method of miniature hemp seed potato.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a germination method of miniature potatoes of hemp seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the miniature potato seeds into a first culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 13-16 hours at the temperature of 24-28 ℃ in a shading mode, wherein the first culture medium is an MS culture medium containing boric acid and cane sugar;
(2) putting the miniature potato of the hemp seed potato cultured by the first culture medium in the step (1) into a second culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 12-18 hours at 24-28 ℃ in a shading mode, wherein the second culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing kinetin, naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin and cane sugar;
(3) placing the miniature potatoes cultured by the second culture medium in the step (2) into a third culture medium for soaking culture at 24-28 ℃ for 24-36 hours, wherein the light shielding and illumination are alternated in the soaking culture process, the illumination intensity is 1650-1900lx, and the illumination is 13-15 hours, so as to obtain miniature potato culture seeds of the potatoes, wherein the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine, sucrose and agar;
(4) embedding the culture seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (3) in an MS culture medium containing graphene quantum dots and carbon nano tubes to obtain embedded seeds of miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds;
(5) and (4) sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (5) in a culture medium, and continuously breeding under natural light at the temperature of 24-28 ℃ until the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds germinate and emerge.
As a further optimization of the invention, the first culture medium is MS culture medium containing 0.2-0.9g/L of boric acid and 200g/L of sucrose.
As a further optimization of the invention, the second culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 0.3-0.5mg/L of Kinetin (KT), 0.2-0.35mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA), 0.01-0.04g/L of gibberellin and 90-120g/L of cane sugar.
As a further optimization of the invention, the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 0.2-0.35mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 80-110g/L of sucrose and 10-13g/L of agar.
As further optimization of the method, the content of the carbon nano tubes in the MS culture medium in the step (4) is 0.06-0.1g/L, and the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.06-0.1 g/L.
As a further optimization of the invention, the preparation method of the culture substrate in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(1-1) collecting garden waste and biomass auxiliary materials, crushing the garden waste, screening the biomass auxiliary materials, and mixing the crushed garden waste and the screened biomass auxiliary materials according to the mass ratio of (3-5) to 1 to obtain a mixed material A;
(1-2) adding an organic fertilizer into the mixed material A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to form a fermentation substrate, wherein the content of the organic fertilizer in the fermentation substrate is 10-20%;
(1-3) adding a zymophyte agent and water into the fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, and carrying out composting fermentation;
(1-4) covering a plastic film on the stack;
(1-5) turning the pile once at intervals of 7-10 days until the color of the pile is black brown and no peculiar smell exists, and finishing fermentation when the internal temperature of the pile is basically consistent with the external temperature to obtain fermented clinker;
(1-6) uniformly mixing the fermented clinker with 1/4MS culture medium according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1Kg to 0.08L to obtain the culture medium.
As further optimization of the invention, the particle size of the garden waste crushed in the step (1-1) is 3-7mm, and the particle size of the screened biomass auxiliary material is 3-7 mm.
As a further optimization of the invention: the organic fertilizer in the step (1-2) comprises at least one of cow dung, chicken dung, pig dung or sheep dung.
As a further optimization of the invention: in the step (1-3), the fermentation bacteria agent is a thermophilic sporotrichum mould agent, and the mass ratio of the fermentation substrate to the fermentation bacteria agent is 100-200: 1.
As a further optimization of the invention, the water content in the fermentation substrate in the step (1-3) is 65-75 wt%.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the method can effectively promote the germination of the miniature mochi-shaped yam tubers, greatly improve the germination rate, and simultaneously can effectively promote the growth of the germinated miniature mochi-shaped yam tubers into seedlings by combining the culture medium prepared by the fermentation mature material and the MS culture medium, provide sufficient nutrients and facilitate the survival rate of the seedlings in the subsequent field transplantation.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
A germination method of miniature potatoes with hemp seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the miniature potato of the hemp seed potato, and soaking and culturing the miniature potato in a first culture medium at 25 ℃ in a shading mode for 14 hours, wherein the first culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.2g/L boric acid and 200g/L sucrose;
(2) putting the mini potatoes cultured by the first culture medium in the step (1) into a second culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 12 hours at 24 ℃ in the shade, wherein the second culture medium is a 1/2MS culture medium containing KT0.3mg/L, NAA 0.3.3 mg/L, gibberellin 0.01g/L and sucrose 100 g/L;
(3) putting the miniature potato seeds cultured by the second culture medium in the step (2) into a third culture medium, performing 24 ℃ shading soaking culture for 12 hours, then continuing illumination soaking culture for 14 hours with the illumination intensity of 1700lx to obtain miniature potato seed cultures of the potato seeds, wherein the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 0.2mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 100g/L of sucrose and 11g/L of agar;
(4) embedding the culture seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (3) in an MS culture medium with the graphene quantum dot concentration of 0.06g/L and the carbon nano tube concentration of 0.08g/L to obtain embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds;
(5) and (4) sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (4) in a culture medium, and continuing breeding under natural light at 25 ℃ until the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds germinate and emerge.
The preparation method of the culture medium in this example includes the following steps:
(1-1) collecting garden waste and biomass auxiliary materials, crushing the garden waste to 5mm in particle size, screening saw dust with the particle size of 5mm, and mixing the crushed garden waste and the screened saw dust according to the mass ratio of 3: 1 to obtain a mixed material A;
(1-2) adding cow dung into the mixed material A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to form a fermentation substrate, wherein the content of the organic fertilizer in the fermentation substrate is 10%;
(1-3) adding a thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum and water into a fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, and carrying out composting fermentation; the mass ratio of the fermentation substrate to the thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum is 100: 1, and the water content in the fermentation substrate is 65 wt%;
(1-4) covering a plastic film on the stack;
(1-5) turning the pile once at intervals of 7 days until the color of the pile is black brown and no peculiar smell exists, and finishing fermentation when the internal temperature of the pile is basically consistent with the external temperature to obtain fermented clinker;
(1-6) uniformly mixing the fermented clinker with 1/4MS culture medium according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1Kg to 0.08L to obtain the culture medium.
Example 2
A germination method of miniature potatoes with hemp seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the miniature potato of the hemp seed potato, and soaking and culturing the miniature potato in a first culture medium at 24 ℃ in a shading mode for 16 hours, wherein the first culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.6g/L boric acid and 100g/L sucrose;
(2) putting the mini potatoes cultured by the first culture medium in the step (1) into a second culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 18 hours at 28 ℃ in the shade, wherein the second culture medium is a 1/2MS culture medium containing KT0.5mg/L, NAA 0.2.2 mg/L, gibberellin 0.03g/L and cane sugar 120 g/L;
(3) putting the miniature potato seeds cultured by the second culture medium in the step (2) into a third culture medium, performing shading soaking culture at 26 ℃ for 11 hours, and then continuing to perform soaking culture under illumination for 13 hours under illumination of 1900lx to obtain miniature potato seed cultures of the potato seeds, wherein the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 0.3mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 80g/L of sucrose and 13g/L of agar;
(4) embedding the culture seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (3) in an MS culture medium containing 0.08g/L graphene quantum dots and 0.1g/L carbon nano tubes to obtain embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds;
(5) and (4) sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (4) in a culture medium, and continuing breeding under natural light at 28 ℃ until the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds germinate and emerge.
The preparation method of the culture medium in this example includes the following steps:
(1-1) collecting garden waste and biomass auxiliary materials, crushing the garden waste to the particle size of 7mm, screening saw dust with the particle size of 3mm, and mixing the crushed garden waste and the screened saw dust according to the mass ratio of 4: 1 to obtain a mixed material A;
(1-2) adding pig manure into the mixed material A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to form a fermentation substrate, wherein the content of the organic fertilizer in the fermentation substrate is 16%;
(1-3) adding a thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum and water into a fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, and carrying out composting fermentation; the mass ratio of the fermentation substrate to the thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum is 170: 1, and the water content in the fermentation substrate is 69 wt%;
(1-4) covering the stack with a plastic film,
(1-5) turning the pile once at intervals of 8 days until the color of the pile is black brown and no peculiar smell exists, and finishing fermentation when the internal temperature of the pile is basically consistent with the external temperature to obtain fermented clinker;
(1-6) uniformly mixing the fermented clinker with 1/4MS culture medium according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1Kg to 0.08L to obtain the culture medium.
Example 3
A germination method of miniature potatoes with hemp seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the miniature potato of the hemp seed potato, and soaking and culturing the miniature potato in a first culture medium at 28 ℃ in a shading mode for 13 hours, wherein the first culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.9g/L boric acid and 160g/L sucrose;
(2) putting the mini potatoes cultured by the first culture medium in the step (1) into a second culture medium, and carrying out shading soaking culture at 26 ℃ for 14 hours, wherein the second culture medium is a 1/2MS culture medium containing KT0.4mg/L, NAA 0.35.35 mg/L, gibberellin 0.04g/L and sucrose 90 g/L;
(3) putting the miniature potatoes cultured by the second culture medium in the step (2) into a third culture medium, performing 28 ℃ shading soaking culture for 21 hours, then continuing to perform illumination soaking culture for 15 hours with the illumination intensity of 1650lx, and obtaining a miniature potato culture seed of the potatoes, wherein the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 0.35mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 110g/L of sucrose and 10g/L of agar;
(4) embedding the culture seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (3) in an MS culture medium containing 0.1g/L of graphene quantum dots and 0.06g/L of carbon nano tubes to obtain embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds;
(5) and (4) sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (4) in a culture medium, and continuing breeding under natural light at 24 ℃ until the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds germinate and emerge.
The preparation method of the culture medium in this example includes the following steps:
(1-1) collecting garden waste and biomass auxiliary materials, crushing the garden waste to the particle size of 3mm, screening saw dust with the particle size of 7mm, and mixing the crushed garden waste and the screened saw dust according to the mass ratio of 5: 1 to obtain a mixed material A;
(1-2) adding pig manure into the mixed material A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to form a fermentation substrate, wherein the content of the organic fertilizer in the fermentation substrate is 20%;
(1-3) adding a thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum and water into a fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, and carrying out composting fermentation; the mass ratio of the fermentation substrate to the thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum is 200: 1, and the water content in the fermentation substrate is 75 wt%;
(1-4) covering a plastic film on the stack;
(1-5) turning the pile once at intervals of 10 days until the color of the pile is black brown and no peculiar smell exists, and finishing fermentation when the internal temperature of the pile is basically consistent with the external temperature to obtain fermented clinker;
(1-6) uniformly mixing the fermented clinker with 1/4MS culture medium according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1Kg to 0.08L to obtain the culture medium.
Comparative example 1
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that a common MS medium was used in each of the steps (1) to (3).
Comparative example 2
The specific method is the same as example 1, except that no graphene quantum and carbon nanotube are added in step (4).
Comparative example 3
The specific method is the same as example 1, except that the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds are sown in the common soil in the step (5).
Test example 1
The results of observing the germination of the jatropha miniature potatoes of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Germination rate% | 99 | 94 | 97 | 66 | 75 | 80 |
Test example 2
The survival rate of the seedlings of the jatropha curcas cultured in the example 1 and the comparative example 3 is observed after the seedlings are transplanted to a field, and the survival rate of the seedlings of the example 1 is 99 percent and the survival rate of the seedlings of the comparative example 3 is only 85 percent, so the culture substrate prepared by the invention can obviously improve the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings of the jatropha curcas.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A germination method of miniature potatoes with hemp seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting the miniature potato seeds into a first culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 13-16 hours at the temperature of 24-28 ℃ in a shading mode, wherein the first culture medium is an MS culture medium containing boric acid and cane sugar;
(2) putting the miniature potato of the hemp seed potato cultured by the first culture medium in the step (1) into a second culture medium, and soaking and culturing for 12-18 hours at 24-28 ℃ in a shading mode, wherein the second culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing kinetin, naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin and cane sugar;
(3) placing the miniature potatoes cultured by the second culture medium in the step (2) into a third culture medium for soaking culture at 24-28 ℃ for 24-36 hours, wherein the light shielding and illumination are alternated in the soaking culture process, the illumination intensity is 1650-1900lx, and the illumination is 13-15 hours, so as to obtain miniature potato culture seeds of the potatoes, wherein the third culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine, sucrose and agar;
(4) embedding the culture seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (3) in an MS culture medium containing graphene quantum dots and carbon nano tubes to obtain embedded seeds of miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds;
(5) and (4) sowing the embedded seeds of the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds obtained in the step (4) in a culture medium, and continuously breeding under natural light at 24-28 ℃ until the miniature potatoes of the hemp seeds germinate and emerge.
2. The method for germinating mochi-shaped yam as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first culture medium is MS culture medium containing boric acid 0.2-0.9g/L, sucrose 100-200 g/L.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second medium is 1/2MS medium containing kinetin 0.3-0.5mg/L, naphthylacetic acid 0.2-0.35mg/L, gibberellin 0.01-0.04g/L, and sucrose 90-120 g/L.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said third medium is 1/2MS medium containing 0.2-0.35 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine, 80-110g/L sucrose and 10-13g/L agar.
5. The germination method of mochi seeds potato as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube content in the MS culture medium in step (4) is 0.06-0.1g/L, and the graphene quantum dot content is 0.06-0.1 g/L.
6. The method for germinating moccasin seeds of yam as claimed in claim 1 wherein said culture medium of step (5) is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1-1) collecting garden waste and biomass auxiliary materials, crushing the garden waste, screening the biomass auxiliary materials, and mixing the crushed garden waste and the screened biomass auxiliary materials according to the mass ratio of (3-5) to 1 to obtain a mixed material A;
(1-2) adding an organic fertilizer into the mixed material A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to form a fermentation substrate;
(1-3) adding a zymophyte agent and water into the fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, and carrying out composting fermentation;
(1-4) covering a plastic film on the stack;
(1-5) turning the pile once at intervals of 7-10 days until the color of the pile is black brown and no peculiar smell exists, and finishing fermentation when the internal temperature of the pile is basically consistent with the external temperature to obtain fermented clinker;
(1-6) uniformly mixing the fermented clinker with 1/4MS culture medium according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1Kg to 0.05L to obtain the culture medium.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said germination of mochi seeds is as follows: the organic fertilizer in the step (1-2) comprises at least one of cow dung, chicken dung, pig dung or sheep dung.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein said germination of mochi seeds is as follows: the fermentation microbial inoculum in the step (1-3) is a thermophilic sporotrichum microbial inoculum.
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