CN112724770B - 一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料 - Google Patents
一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112724770B CN112724770B CN202011566885.3A CN202011566885A CN112724770B CN 112724770 B CN112724770 B CN 112724770B CN 202011566885 A CN202011566885 A CN 202011566885A CN 112724770 B CN112724770 B CN 112724770B
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- antibacterial
- parts
- hydrophilic coating
- mildewproof
- coating
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WHZWVUKPJBNTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OOP(O)O WHZWVUKPJBNTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/08—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0806—Silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0893—Zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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Abstract
本发明属于金属表面涂层处理技术领域，特别涉及一种应用于空调热交换器的耐冷凝水冲刷的抗菌防霉亲水涂料及其应用。以所述亲水涂料的总质量为100份计，所述亲水涂料包括以下组分：结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂5～40份；抗菌性无机纳米材料0.05～0.5份；固化剂1～5份；润湿剂0.01～0.5份；助溶剂1～10份；去离子水，余量。通过化学反应将具备抗菌功能的基团接枝到基料高分子树脂上，与体系的相容性好、具有优异的抗菌防霉性且可稳定存在、不易流失、安全可靠。同时通过特殊的阴离子对抗菌基团进行保护，可防止涂层加工过程中可挥发性润滑油对其抗菌防霉性造成衰减。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属表面涂层处理技术领域，特别涉及一种应用于空调热交换器的耐冷凝水冲刷的抗菌防霉亲水涂料及其应用。
背景技术
热交换器是空调中进行热交换的主要场所，在工作过程中由于潮湿和冷热交替的环境使得热交换器翅片表面很容易受到微生物侵蚀而发生腐蚀、霉变。细菌和霉菌的滋生不仅造成亲水涂层的破坏，影响涂层性能，导致热交换效率下降，同时微生物的多种代谢产物也会造成环境空气质量下降，危害人体健康。
现有技术中，在亲水铝箔加工过程中会预先对亲水涂层表面浸涂一层挥发性冲压油，减轻冲制加工过程中磨具表面和涂层之间的摩擦力，降低对涂层的破坏。由于挥发油具有脂溶性，会加速抗菌剂的溶出率，对其抗菌性能造成衰减。因此，如何使空调热交换器翅片在具有优异亲水性的同时还兼具持久抗菌防霉功能成为涂层处理技术领域的重要研究方向。发明专利CN104419280A提供了一种防腐抗菌亲水涂料，将具有抗菌功能的纳米金属及氧化物和丙烯酸树脂等组分协同作用，形成具有一定抗菌性的涂层。但是该发明提供的防霉抗菌亲水涂料仅具备初期抗菌性，随着冲压油的加工以及冷凝水的冲刷，涂层中的纳米金属及氧化物会不断流失、迁移，因此不具备持久的抗菌能力。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中金属表面涂层抗菌防霉性能不持久的缺陷，从而提供一种具有持久抗菌防霉性的亲水涂料。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，以所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料的总质量为100份计，所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料包括以下组分：
结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂5～40份；
抗菌性无机纳米材料0.05～0.5份；
固化剂1～5份；
润湿剂0.01～0.5份；
助溶剂1～10份；
去离子水，余量。
可选的，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂包括以下组分：
所述组分的总量为100质量份。
可选的，所述抗菌性能的功能单体包括二烯丙基季铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸酯季铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸酰胺季铵盐及其衍生物中的一种或多种，优选二烯丙基季胺盐。
可选的，所述丙烯酸单体包括丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯类、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸酯类、苯乙烯、丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-丁氧基甲基丙烯酰胺、二乙烯基苯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷及其盐中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述引发剂包括过氧化二苯甲酰胺、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化二叔戊基、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁脂、过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述中和剂包括氨水、三乙胺中的至少一种。
可选的，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将丙烯酸单体配制成质量分数为30～50％的单体水溶液，升高温度至80～100℃，将具有抗菌性的功能单体水溶液加入上述单体水溶液中。缓慢滴加40～80％的引发剂水溶液，滴加时间为1.5～2h，滴加完毕后补加剩下的引发剂，控制反应温度在80～110℃，搅拌状态下，保温2～6h，待反应产物冷却至室温，加入中和剂搅拌均匀，即可得到所述的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂。
可选的，所述抗菌性无机纳米材料包括纳米银、纳米锌、纳米氧化银、纳米氧化锌、载银沸石、载银羟基磷石灰、载银磷酸钙中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述固化剂包括氮丙啶、氨基树脂、硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、锆偶联剂、活性锌偶联剂、异氰酸酯、有机过氧化物、有机酸酐类固化剂、有机金属盐、咪唑类固化剂、有机胺类固化剂、聚酰胺中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述润湿剂包括烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、硅醇类非离子表面活性剂中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述助溶剂包含甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、异丙醇、异丁醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇乙醚、二丙二醇甲醚、二乙二醇乙醚和二乙二醇丁醚中的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果：结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂中以化学键的方式接枝具有抗菌功能的季铵盐单体，使得涂层经过挥发油冲制加工以及冷凝水的反复冲刷后仍具有高效的抗菌防霉性，同时配合抗菌性无机纳米材料的协同使用，因此涂层显示出持久的抗菌防霉性。本发明的涂料组合物VOC排放量极低，符合《绿色涂料》环保要求，涂料施工性能好，生产效率高。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。本发明提供了一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，以所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料的总质量为100份计，所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料包括以下组分：
结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂5～40份；
抗菌性无机纳米材料0.05～0.5份；
固化剂1～5份；
润湿剂0.01～0.5份；
助溶剂1～10份；
去离子水，余量。
在一些实施例中，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂是由季铵盐单体和丙烯酸单体在引发剂作用下聚合而成的具有抗菌性的聚合物。抗菌基团以化学键的方式牢固地与丙烯酸树脂键连在一起；同时涂料在高温固化成膜的过程中，具有抗菌功能的季铵盐基团由于电荷的排斥作用将会排列在涂层的表面，形成一层抗菌层。空调换热器翅片会经过挥发性冲压油预处理后进行冲制加工，由于挥发油为脂溶性同时其会有部分残留于涂层表面影响涂层的抗菌防霉性能。利用特定的阴离子将季铵盐基团包裹，可起到保护作用，即使经过挥发油处理，涂层仍具有优越的抗菌防霉性能。
在一些实施例中，所述抗菌性无机纳米材料包括纳米银抗菌剂、纳米锌抗菌剂，所述抗菌性无机纳米材料与结构型丙烯酸树脂协同作用，在亲水涂层表面遭受严重破坏时释放出有效抗菌成分，协同发挥抗菌防霉作用，进一步增强涂料的抗菌防霉功能。
在一些实施例中，所述固化剂是指可以与所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂中的活性基团进行加热交联固化的物质，进一步增强亲水涂料的牢固性，减少涂层的脱落。
在一些实施例中，所述润湿剂包括有机聚氧乙烯醚、硅醇类非离子表面活性剂，所述润湿剂通过降低涂层的表面张力，增强对基材的润湿性和渗透性，增强涂料的亲水性。
在一些实施例中，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂包括以下组分：
所述组分的总量为100质量份。
在一些实施例中，所述抗菌性能的功能单体包括二烯丙基季铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸酯季铵盐、(甲基)丙烯酸酰胺季铵盐及其衍生物中的一种或多种，在一些具体实施例中包括二甲基二烯丙基磺酸铵、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、2-[(甲基丙烯酰基)乙基]-三甲基丙烯酸胺中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，所述季铵盐的阴离子优选磺酸根离子。
以下通过实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。
实施例1
(1)结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂的制备
将丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸环已脂、烯丙基聚醚按30/20/50质量份配制成质量分数为50％的单体水溶液，升高温度至90℃，加入二甲基二烯丙基磺酸铵单体，用量为丙烯酸单体总量的6％。将过硫酸铵配制成质量分数为10％的水溶液，缓慢滴加2/3的过硫酸铵水溶液，滴加时间1.5h，此时控温90℃。滴加完毕，补加剩余的过硫酸铵水溶液，温度升高至90℃，搅拌的状态下，保温4h，待反应产物冷却至室温加入三乙胺搅拌混合均匀后即可得到所述的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂。
(2)抗菌防霉亲水涂料组合物的制备
将如下质量份的组分相混合，搅拌均匀后即可得到面涂
上述组分的总量为100质量份。
实施例2
(1)结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂的制备
将丙烯酸正丁脂、甲基丙烯酸、苯乙烯磺酸按25/30/45质量份，配制成质量分数为50％的单体水溶液，升高温度至95℃，加入二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵单体，用量为丙烯酸单体总量的6％。将过硫酸钠配制成质量分数为15％的水溶液，缓慢滴加1/2的过硫酸钠水溶液，滴加时间1.5h，此时控温95℃。滴加完毕，补加剩余的过硫酸钠水溶液，温度升高至100℃，搅拌的状态下，保温3.5h，待反应产物冷却至室温加入三乙胺搅拌混合均匀即可得到所述的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂。
(2)抗菌防霉亲水涂料组合物的制备
将如下质量份的组分相混合，搅拌均匀后即可得到面涂
上述组分的总量为100质量份。
实施例3
(1)结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂的制备
将丙烯酸仲丁脂、二乙烯基苯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯按30/30/45质量份配制成质量分数为50％的单体水溶液，升高温度至95℃，加入2-[(甲基丙烯酰基)乙基]-三甲基丙烯酸胺单体，用量为丙烯酸单体总量的6％。将过硫酸钠配制成质量分数为10％的水溶液，缓慢滴加1/2的过硫酸钠水溶液，滴加时间2h，此时控温95℃。滴加完毕，补加剩余的过硫酸钠水溶液，温度升高至100℃，搅拌的状态下，保温3h，待反应产物冷却至室温加入氨水搅拌混合均匀后即可得到所述的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂。
(2)抗菌防霉亲水涂料组合物的制备
将如下质量份的组分相混合，搅拌均匀后即可得到面涂
上述组分的总量为100质量份。
实施例4
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂制备中季铵盐单体为丙烯酸单体总量的4％质量份，其余步骤相同
实施例5
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂制备中季铵盐单体为丙烯酸单体总量的8％质量份，其余步骤相同
实施例6
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂制备中季铵盐单体为丙烯酸单体总量的10％质量份，其余步骤相同
对比例1
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂制备中未加入季铵盐单体，其余步骤相同。
对比例2
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅亲水涂料组合物中结构性丙烯酸树脂含量为4份，其余步骤相同。
对比例3
在实施例1的基础上，其中仅在结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂制备过程中将二甲基二烯丙基磺酸铵单体改为二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺共聚物单体，其余步骤相同。
性能测试
将上述涂料组合物涂覆在防腐底涂上，经烘烤后形成涂层，将涂层按照如下项目进行检测
(1)亲水性：采用国标GB/T 22638.9
(2)工艺亲水性：采用国标GB/T 22638.9
(3)持续亲水性：采用国标GB/T 22638.9
(4)附着力：采用国标GB/T 9286
(5)抗菌防霉性：采用国标GB 21551.2-2010
表1涂层各项性能指标
由表中数据可知，对比例1中的亲水涂料在丙烯酸树脂合成阶段未接枝季铵盐基团，其抗菌性泡油后只有84％,加冷凝水冲刷后只有65％，防霉等级只有3级。由此可见本发明利用化学键将抗菌基团季铵盐单体接枝到丙烯酸树脂上，在赋予涂层优异亲水性的同时也赋予其高效持久的抗菌防霉性。
由实施例5-7的数据可知，季铵盐单体与丙烯酸单体的比例会影响涂层的抗菌防霉性能。发明人通过大量的实验发现，季铵盐单体的质量是丙烯酸单体质量的6％时，抗菌防霉性能最佳。低于6％时接枝的季铵盐基团数量不足，抗菌防霉性达不到要求；高于6％时会影响涂层的亲水性。
由实施例1-3以及对比例3的数据可知，不同的季铵盐单体抗菌防霉效果也有一定的差异，相比于对比例3所选用的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺共聚物，本发明所选用的季铵盐单体制备出来的涂料无论是在抗菌性还是防霉等级上都有显著的进步，其中二烯丙基季铵盐的抗菌防霉效果最佳。上诉合成的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂在合成过程中采用不同的阴离子对季铵盐阳离子进行保护，避免挥发油对比抗菌防霉性造成破坏。换热器使用过程中，冷凝水冲刷翅片，阴离子被洗脱，抗菌基团阳离子裸露于表面发挥持续亲水性，发明人通过大量的实验发现季铵盐单体中磺酸根离子保护效果最佳。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，以所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料的总质量为100份计，所述抗菌防霉亲水涂料包括以下组分：
结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂 5~40份；所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂包括抗菌性能的功能单体，所述抗菌性能的功能单体为二甲基二烯丙基磺酸铵；
抗菌性无机纳米材料0.05~0.5份;
固化剂1~5份；
润湿剂0.01~0.5份；
助溶剂1~10份；
去离子水，余量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂包括以下组分：
抗菌性能的功能单体 1~10份；
丙烯酸单体 20~50份；
引发剂 5~20份；
中和剂 1~5份；
去离子水余量；
所述组分的总量为100质量份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸单体包括丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯类、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸酯类、苯乙烯、丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-丁氧基甲基丙烯酰胺、二乙烯基苯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷及其盐中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述引发剂包括过氧化二苯甲酰胺、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化二叔戊基、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁脂、过硫酸钠、过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述中和剂包括氨水、三乙胺中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂的制备方法包括以下步骤：
将丙烯酸单体配制成质量分数为30~50%的单体水溶液，升高温度至80~100℃，将具有抗菌性能的功能单体水溶液加入上述单体水溶液中，缓慢滴加40~80%的引发剂水溶液，滴加时间为1.5~2h，滴加完毕后补加剩下的引发剂，控制反应温度在80~110℃，搅拌状态下，保温2~6h，待反应产物冷却至室温，加入中和剂搅拌均匀，即可得到所述的结构型抗菌丙烯酸树脂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述抗菌性无机纳米材料包括纳米银、纳米锌、纳米氧化银、纳米氧化锌、载银沸石、载银羟基磷石灰、载银磷酸钙中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述润湿剂包括烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、硅醇类非离子表面活性剂中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉亲水涂料，其特征在于，所述助溶剂包含甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇乙醚、二丙二醇甲醚、二乙二醇乙醚和二乙二醇丁醚中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求1~9任意一项所述的抗菌防霉亲水涂料在空调换热器涂层中的应用。
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