CN112641101A - 包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,所述蛋白粉组分包括:植物蛋白和/或动物蛋白、乳清蛋白、大豆磷脂、和橄榄仁提取物,其中,上述组分橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量大于60%。由于橄榄仁蛋白质涵盖了人体所必须氨基酸,因此,提高橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量并将其应用于蛋白粉中,制得的蛋白粉可满足人体所需氨基酸种类及需求量,可满足人体对蛋白质的营养需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品领域,具体涉及一种包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉。
背景技术
蛋白质是人体不可缺少的七大重要营养素之一。人类通过正常的膳食途径可满足自身对蛋白质的需求。但是随着生活节奏的加快和生活压力的增大,处于亚健康状态的人越来越多,因此,适当的补充蛋白质对增强体质非常有必要。另外,手术之后以及大病初愈的病人也需要大量的蛋白质以促进机体康复,提高免疫力;食欲不好或消化功能不良的人以及通过节食方法来减肥者、素食主义者都可能蛋白质摄入不足,这不仅会导致免疫功能低下,还有可能引起睡眠不良、贫血等多种疾病。在这些情况下,优质蛋白粉就成为一种良好的补充品。
蛋白粉的营养价值主要取决于消化度和该种蛋白粉所含氨基酸的种类及组合。现有的蛋白粉通常只包含动物蛋白或植物蛋白的单一蛋白,无法满足人体对多种营养的需求。而橄榄营养丰富,果肉及果仁富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、维生素C及钙、磷、铁等多种矿物质,且营养成分易被人体吸收,民间有“冬春橄榄赛人参”之誉。尤其在橄榄仁中,除含有丰富的油脂和不饱和脂肪酸外,还富含蛋白质,蛋白质含量约在40%左右,该蛋白质涵盖了人体所需8种必须氨基酸。因此,在现有技术的蛋白粉中加入橄榄仁提取物,可增加人体必需的氨基酸种类及含量,提高蛋白质的生理价值,满足人体所需种类及比例的氨基酸,满足人体对营养上的蛋白质需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含有橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,满足人体所需种类及比例的氨基酸,满足人体对营养上的蛋白质需求。
本发明提供了一种包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,该蛋白粉组分包括:植物蛋白和/或动物蛋白、乳清蛋白、大豆磷脂、橄榄仁提取物,其特征在于,上述橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量大于60%。
进一步地,为了制得蛋白质含量大于60%的橄榄仁提取物,需要采用混合缓冲液浸提、梯度萃取方法来获得。
进一步地,上述混合缓冲液浸提、梯度萃取方法制备橄榄仁提取物的具体步骤为:
步骤(1):将橄榄仁粉碎至100目以下,得到橄榄仁粉末;
步骤(2):在步骤(1)所述的橄榄仁粉末中按质量比加入5-10倍的乙醇,搅拌1-3小时,过滤后取滤饼,得到脱脂橄榄仁滤饼;
步骤(3):在步骤(2)所述的脱脂橄榄仁滤饼中加入5-10倍的低温混合缓冲提取液,利用球磨机球磨2-3小时,经过超滤装置过滤后得到提取液;
步骤(4):浓缩步骤(3)所述的提取液;
步骤(5):依次用体积比为1:1的乙醇/正己烷、1:5的乙醇/正己烷、正己烷对步骤(4)所述的提取液进行梯度萃取,分离水相及有机相,将合并后的有机相减压蒸馏,并干燥后得到橄榄仁提取物。
进一步地,为了提高橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质的提取率,上述步骤(3)中的混合缓冲提取液组分为:β-巯基乙醇、硬脂酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸、Tris酸、酶抑制剂、氯化铵;优选地,上述混合缓冲提取液组分为:500mmolβ-巯基乙醇、300mmol硬脂酸钠、50mmol乙二胺四乙酸、500mmol Tris酸、50mmol酶抑制剂、100mmol氯化铵。
进一步地,为了提高橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质的提取率,所述混合缓冲提取液配制时先将β-巯基乙醇、硬脂酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸、氯化铵混合后低温保存,使用时再将Tris酸、与酶抑制剂分散至其中。
进一步地,为了降低橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质的变性几率,上述与混合缓冲提取液有关的低温温度范围为0~5℃。
进一步地,为了提高橄榄仁提取物的提取纯度,上述步骤(3)中的超滤装置由具有不同滤径的过滤器串联组成;优选地,上述超滤装置由0.45μm的过滤器与0.1μm的过滤器串联组成。
进一步地,为了更好的保持橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质的特性,橄榄仁提取物的干燥方法为冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥中的一种。
进一步地,包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉还可以包括(但不限于)以下组分:氨基酸、维生素、葡萄糖、二氧化硅、食用香精、其他动植物的提取物、其他功能性组分等中的一种或多种。
进一步地,上述蛋白粉由如下重量份的原料组成:植物蛋白和/或动物蛋白10-80份、乳清蛋白10-30份、大豆磷脂10-20份、橄榄仁提取物10-50份。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明通过在蛋白粉中加入橄榄仁提取物,通过橄榄仁提取物制备工艺优化,使得橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量大于60%;又由于橄榄仁蛋白质涵盖了人体所必须氨基酸,因此,提高橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量并将其应用于蛋白粉中,制得的蛋白粉可满足人体所需氨基酸种类及需求量,可满足人体对蛋白质的营养需求。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述,这些实施例不能理解为限制本发明所要求保护的范围。
<混合缓冲提取液配制>
将乙二胺四乙酸、氯化铵、硬脂酸钠、β-巯基乙醇按摩尔比为1:2:6:10进行搅拌混合,混合均匀后放入0℃的环境下保存。
使用时,向其中加入同样在0℃的环境下保存的1化学当量的酶抑制剂、10化学当量的Tris酸后,混合均匀后使用。
<橄榄仁提取物制备>
一种基于萃取提纯技术制备橄榄仁提取物的方法,其提取方法为:
用清水冲洗收集的橄榄仁,以除去灰尘、泥土等杂质,然后过滤,并用清水冲洗3次,将冲洗好的橄榄仁放置于35℃的烘箱中干燥,干燥后将橄榄仁粉碎至粒径为100目以下,过筛得到橄榄仁粉末;
称取500g橄榄仁粉末,搅拌的条件下分批次加入4000g乙醇,继续搅拌3小时后过滤,得到脱脂橄榄仁滤饼;
在搅拌条件下向脱脂橄榄仁滤饼中分批次加入5000g低温混合缓冲提取液,利用球磨机球磨3小时,先后经过0.45μm的过滤器和0.1μm的过滤器,过滤后得到提取液;
通过减压蒸馏浓缩提取液;用体积比为1:1的乙醇/正己烷对提取液进行第一次萃取,分离水层与有机相层,收集有机相层;用体积比为1:5的乙醇/正己烷对第一次萃取后的水层进行第二次萃取,分离水层与有机相层,收集有机相层;用正己烷对第二次萃取后的水层进行第三次萃取,分离水层与有机相层,收集有机相层;将三次萃取后的有机相层合并,减压蒸馏后喷雾干燥,得到橄榄仁提取物,提取物为白色至类白色粉末。
<橄榄仁提取物蛋白质含量测试>
利用考马斯亮蓝法对橄榄仁提取物中的蛋白质含量进行测定,橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量为62.62%。
<包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉配方>
包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉配方如表1所示,表中各组分物质用量单位均为g。
表1
组分 | 实施例一 | 实施例二 | 实施例三 | 实施例四 | 实施例五 |
植物蛋白 | 60 | 40 | 20 | 80 | |
动物蛋白 | 60 | 20 | 20 | ||
乳清蛋白 | 20 | 20 | 15 | 30 | 10 |
大豆磷脂 | 15 | 15 | 20 | 15 | 10 |
橄榄仁提取物 | 40 | 40 | 35 | 50 | 20 |
维生素 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
葡萄糖 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
上述表1中,植物蛋白为大豆分离蛋白;动物蛋白为牛奶乳清蛋白。
<包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉制备>
包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉的制备方法为:
将上述表1中所示配方组分分别研磨,用100目筛子筛选,以得到超细粉末物质;
根据配方中各组分的含量大小在混合机中从大到小依次加入原料,每次加入一种原料后,搅拌1-5分钟后再加第二种原料,所有原料混合完毕后,继续搅拌10-20分钟;
通过2450MHz微波灭菌机灭菌,通过隧道灭菌时间为2-5min,
按照包装要求,分别包装成小袋或罐装。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,所述蛋白粉组分包括:植物蛋白和/或动物蛋白、乳清蛋白、大豆磷脂、橄榄仁提取物,其特征在于,所述橄榄仁提取物中蛋白质含量大于60%。
2.如权利要求1所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述橄榄仁提取物利用混合缓冲液浸提、梯度萃取方法获得。
3.如权利要求2所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述橄榄仁提取物的制备方法为:
步骤(1):将橄榄仁粉碎至100目以下,得到橄榄仁粉末;
步骤(2):在步骤(1)所述的橄榄仁粉末中按质量比加入5-10倍的乙醇,搅拌1-3小时,
过滤后取滤饼,得到脱脂橄榄仁滤饼;
步骤(3):在步骤(2)所述的脱脂橄榄仁滤饼中加入5-10倍的低温混合缓冲提取液,利
用球磨机球磨2-3小时,经过超滤装置过滤后得到提取液;
步骤(4):浓缩步骤(3)所述的提取液;
步骤(5):依次用体积比为1:1的乙醇/正己烷、1:5的乙醇/正己烷、正己烷对步骤(4)所
述的提取液进行梯度萃取,分离水相及有机相,将合并后的有机相减压蒸馏,并干燥后得到橄榄仁提取物。
4.如权利要求3所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中的混合缓冲提取液组分为:β-巯基乙醇、硬脂酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸、Tris酸、酶抑制剂、氯化铵。
5.如权利要求4所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述混合缓冲提取液配制时先将β-巯基乙醇、硬脂酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸、氯化铵混合后低温保存,使用时再将Tris酸、与酶抑制剂分散至其中。
6.如权利要求4或权利要求5所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述混合缓冲提取液组分为:500mmol β-巯基乙醇、300mmol硬脂酸钠、50mmol乙二胺四乙酸、500mmol Tris酸、50mmol酶抑制剂、100mmol氯化铵。
7.如权利要求3或权利要求5所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述混合缓冲提取液的低温范围为0~5oC。
8.如权利要求3所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述干燥的方法为冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥中的一种。
9.如权利要求1所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述蛋白粉还包括氨基酸、维生素、葡萄糖、二氧化硅、食用香精、其他动植物的提取物、其他功能性组分等中的一种或多种。
10.如权利要求1所述的包含橄榄仁提取物的蛋白粉,其特征在于,所述蛋白粉由如下重量份的原料组成:植物蛋白和/或动物蛋白10-80份、乳清蛋白10-30份、大豆磷脂10-20份、橄榄仁提取物10-50份。
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