CN112616545A - Apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate - Google Patents
Apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616545A CN112616545A CN202011518558.0A CN202011518558A CN112616545A CN 112616545 A CN112616545 A CN 112616545A CN 202011518558 A CN202011518558 A CN 202011518558A CN 112616545 A CN112616545 A CN 112616545A
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- apple
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- pyrethrum
- planting method
- tree planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses an apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance, which comprises the steps of firstly leveling the soil and loosening the soil; then, making ridges, wherein the ridge height is 15-30cm, and the ridge distance is 3.5-4.5 m; then digging planting pits with the pit depth of 40-50cm and the pit spacing of 2.2-2.6 m; planting an apple seedling in each planting pit, wherein the height of the apple seedling is 1.3-1.6m, and then filling soil and watering. The apple tree planting method for improving the disease resistance rate mainly aims to achieve the function of directly repelling and killing pests by interplanting pyrethrum among planted apple trees and enabling the pyrethrum and the apple trees to grow together, wherein the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and the like of the pyrethrum can secrete toxic insect substances in the growth process; the method for killing insects for apple trees has the advantages of no environmental pollution, no damage to ecological balance and greenness and environmental protection; meanwhile, by planting pyrethrum, the overall ornamental value of the orchard is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of apple tree cultivation, in particular to an apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance.
Background
The apple is one of the main fruits eaten in daily life, is called the king of fruits, and gradually becomes a fruit which can be enjoyed by every family along with the development of the society; along with the improvement of life quality of people, people have higher requirements on taste, nutrient content and pesticide residue of apples, the output quality of the apples is improved, the method for increasing the production and income of apple growers is also formed, and in an apple tree planting orchard, the growers are often disturbed by plant diseases and insect pests of the apples, so that the healthy growth of the apples is influenced.
At present, when apple trees are planted, pests are usually killed by a chemical method, namely, pesticides are sprayed to kill the pests, so that the fruit trees are prevented from being attacked by the pests, although the pests can be killed quickly by adopting the method, the time for maintaining the pest killing effect is short, and the repeated and regular pest killing by fruit growers is needed, so that the time and the labor are wasted; meanwhile, too much pesticide is sprayed on fruit trees, so that more pesticide is possibly remained during apple production, and the apple tree does not meet the standard of green food.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing and building a garden: firstly, leveling the soil, and loosening the soil; then, making ridges, wherein the ridge height is 15-30cm, and the ridge distance is 3.5-4.5 m; then digging planting pits with the pit depth of 40-50cm and the pit spacing of 2.2-2.6 m;
s2, planting: planting an apple tree seedling in each planting pit, wherein the height of the apple tree seedling is 1.3-1.6m, then filling soil and watering, wherein watering is carried out for 1 time every day in the first 5 days, and watering is carried out for 1 time every other day in a month after 5 days;
s3, fertilizing: the fertilizer for single apple sapling is proportioned, and the fertilizer for fertilizer application is 0.6-0.9kg of urea and 0.4-0.7kg of farmyard manure;
s4, construction and dwarfing: for the saplings, the soft shear is mainly used, the main points are to ensure that the backbones of the saplings are not hindered and the ventilation and light transmission are ensured, and for the slow release tips, pinching treatment is needed when the growth is stopped; the drooping branches and the skirt branches are left as much as possible under the conditions of not affecting light transmission and the like;
s5, pest control: and (3) interplanting pyrethrum in the middle of two adjacent apple tree seedlings, wherein the plant height of the pyrethrum seedlings is 15-30 cm.
Preferably, the depth of a planting pit of the pyrethrum is 20-30cm, watering and topdressing are carried out in time after planting, 0.2-0.3kg of manure and 0.2-0.4kg of plant ash are applied to each plant, and watering is carried out for 2 times per week in one month after planting.
Preferably, 1 solar insecticidal lamp is installed in each 1000-3000 square meters in the apple tree planting area of the apple tree orchard.
Preferably, 1000-1200 times of Bordeaux mixture is sprayed during the growth of the apple seedlings, and the solution is continuously sprayed for 4 times every 15 days for 1 time.
Preferably, the direction of ridge opening for cultivating the pyrethrum seedlings is selected from the north and south directions, thiophanate or lime powder is adopted every 4-6 weeks to carry out epidemic prevention and disinfection on the pyrethrum, and the withered pyrethrum seedlings are pulled out in time by roots and burnt.
Preferably, bagging treatment is carried out during the apple tree growth fruiting period, bagging is carried out from the bottom of 6 months to the beginning of 7 months, and pest control before bagging is carried out.
Preferably, the apple trees and the pyrethrum need to be loosened periodically, and the loosening is performed every 2-3 weeks.
Preferably, the growth of the pyrethrum cannot influence the growth of the apple trees, branches and leaves of the pyrethrum close to the apple trees need to be trimmed, and the trimmed branches and leaves can be smashed and applied to apple orchard as organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the drainage work of the apple orchard is needed in plum rain, so that the situation that the roots of the apple trees are soaked in water to cause root rot is avoided.
A preparation method of an apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate comprises the following steps:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by interplanting the pyrethrum among the planted apple trees and growing the pyrethrum and the apple trees together, the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and the like of the pyrethrum can secrete poisonous insect substances in the growing process, thereby achieving the function of directly repelling and killing pests; the method for killing insects for apple trees has the advantages of no environmental pollution, no damage to ecological balance and greenness and environmental protection; meanwhile, by planting pyrethrum, the overall ornamental value of the orchard is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
An apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing and building a garden: firstly, leveling the soil, and loosening the soil; then, making ridges with the height of 30cm and the space of 4.5 m; then, digging planting pits with the pit depth of 50cm and the pit spacing of 2.6 m;
s2, planting: planting an apple tree seedling in each planting pit, wherein the plant height of the apple tree seedling is 1.6m, then filling soil and watering, watering for 1 time every day in the first 5 days, and watering for 1 time every other day in a month after 5 days;
s3, fertilizing: the fertilizer for single apple saplings is proportioned, and the fertilizer for fertilizer application is 0.9kg of urea and 0.7kg of farmyard manure;
s4, construction and dwarfing: for the saplings, the soft shear is mainly used, the main points are to ensure that the backbones of the saplings are not hindered and the ventilation and light transmission are ensured, and for the slow release tips, pinching treatment is needed when the growth is stopped; the drooping branches and the skirt branches are left as much as possible under the conditions of not affecting light transmission and the like;
s5, pest control: and (3) interplanting pyrethrum in the middle of two adjacent apple tree seedlings, wherein the plant height of the pyrethrum seedlings is 30 cm.
The pit depth of the pyrethrum planting pit is 30cm, watering and topdressing are carried out in time after the pyrethrum planting, 0.3kg of manure and 0.4kg of plant ash are applied to each plant, and watering is carried out for 2 times per week in average after one month.
1 solar insecticidal lamp is installed every 3000 square meters in the apple tree planting area of the apple tree garden.
Spraying 1200 times of Bordeaux mixture for 1 time every 15 days and continuously spraying for 4 times during the growth process of apple seedlings.
The ridging direction of the pyrethrum seedling cultivation is selected from the north and south directions, thiophanate or lime powder is adopted every 6 weeks to carry out epidemic prevention and disinfection on the pyrethrum, and withered pyrethrum seedlings are timely pulled out in a root-by-root mode and burnt out.
Bagging treatment is carried out during the fruit bearing period of the apple trees, bagging is carried out from the bottom of 6 months to the beginning of 7 months, and pest control before bagging is carried out.
The apple trees and the pyrethrum need to be loosened with regular soil loosening every 3 weeks.
The growth of the pyrethrum cannot influence the growth of the apple trees, branches and leaves of the pyrethrum close to the apple trees need to be trimmed, and the trimmed branches and leaves can be broken and applied to apple tree orchards as organic fertilizers.
In plum rain season, drainage work of the apple orchard needs to be done, and the situation that the roots of apple trees are soaked in water to cause root rot is avoided.
Example 2
An apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing and building a garden: firstly, leveling the soil, and loosening the soil; then, making ridges, wherein the ridge height is 15cm, and the ridge distance is 3.5 m; then, digging planting pits with the pit depth of 40cm and the pit interval of 2.2 m;
s2, planting: planting an apple tree seedling in each planting pit, wherein the height of the apple tree seedling is 1.3m, then filling soil and watering, watering for 1 time every day in the first 5 days, and watering for 1 time every other day in a month after 5 days;
s3, fertilizing: the fertilizer for single apple sapling is proportioned, and the fertilizer for fertilizer application is 0.6kg of urea and 0.4kg of farmyard manure;
s4, construction and dwarfing: for the saplings, the soft shear is mainly used, the main points are to ensure that the backbones of the saplings are not hindered and the ventilation and light transmission are ensured, and for the slow release tips, pinching treatment is needed when the growth is stopped; the drooping branches and the skirt branches are left as much as possible under the conditions of not affecting light transmission and the like;
s5, pest control: and (3) interplanting pyrethrum in the middle of two adjacent apple tree seedlings, wherein the plant height of the pyrethrum seedlings is 15 cm.
The pit depth of the pyrethrum planting pit is 20cm, watering and topdressing are carried out in time after the pyrethrum planting, 0.2kg of manure and 0.2kg of plant ash are applied to each plant, and watering is carried out for 2 times per week in average after one month.
1 solar insecticidal lamp is installed every 1000 square meters in the apple tree planting area of the apple tree garden.
Spraying 1000 times of Bordeaux mixture 1 time every 15 days and 4 times continuously during the growth of apple saplings.
The ridging direction of the pyrethrum seedling cultivation is selected from the north and south directions, thiophanate or lime powder is adopted every 4 weeks to carry out epidemic prevention and disinfection on the pyrethrum, and withered pyrethrum seedlings are timely pulled out in a root-by-root mode and burnt out.
Bagging treatment is carried out during the fruit bearing period of the apple trees, bagging is carried out from the bottom of 6 months to the beginning of 7 months, and pest control before bagging is carried out.
The apple trees and the pyrethrum need to be loosened with regular soil loosening every 2 weeks.
The growth of the pyrethrum cannot influence the growth of the apple trees, branches and leaves of the pyrethrum close to the apple trees need to be trimmed, and the trimmed branches and leaves can be broken and applied to apple tree orchards as organic fertilizers.
In plum rain season, drainage work of the apple orchard needs to be done, and the situation that the roots of apple trees are soaked in water to cause root rot is avoided.
Results of the Performance test of examples 1-2
| Serial number | Item | Standard requirements | Example 1 | Example 2 |
| 1 | Rot disease of fruit | The morbidity is less than or equal to 3 percent | 1.5% | 2% |
| 2 | Defoliation disease | The morbidity is less than or equal to 5 percent | 1.5% | 2% |
| 3 | Survival rate | The death rate is less than or equal to 2 percent | 0 | 0 |
| 4 | Cotton aphid | The incidence rate is less than or equal to 2 percent | 0.4% | 0.9% |
| 5 | Red and white spider disease | The morbidity is less than or equal to 8 percent | 1.5% | 2% |
| 6 | Anthracnose of plant | The morbidity is less than or equal to 10 percent | 3% | 4.5% |
And (3) testing conditions are as follows: 20 +/-2 DEG C
The apple tree planting method for improving the disease resistance rate mainly aims to achieve the function of directly repelling and killing pests by interplanting pyrethrum among planted apple trees and enabling the pyrethrum and the apple trees to grow together, wherein the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and the like of the pyrethrum can secrete toxic insect substances in the growth process; the method for killing insects for apple trees has the advantages of no environmental pollution, no damage to ecological balance and greenness and environmental protection; meanwhile, by planting pyrethrum, the overall ornamental value of the orchard is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The apple tree planting method for improving the disease resistance rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing and building a garden: firstly, leveling the soil, and loosening the soil; then, making ridges, wherein the ridge height is 15-30cm, and the ridge distance is 3.5-4.5 m; then digging planting pits with the pit depth of 40-50cm and the pit spacing of 2.2-2.6 m;
s2, planting: planting an apple tree seedling in each planting pit, wherein the height of the apple tree seedling is 1.3-1.6m, then filling soil and watering, wherein watering is carried out for 1 time every day in the first 5 days, and watering is carried out for 1 time every other day in a month after 5 days;
s3, fertilizing: the fertilizer for single apple sapling is proportioned, and the fertilizer for fertilizer application is 0.6-0.9kg of urea and 0.4-0.7kg of farmyard manure;
s4, construction and dwarfing: for the saplings, the soft shear is mainly used, the main points are to ensure that the backbones of the saplings are not hindered and the ventilation and light transmission are ensured, and for the slow release tips, pinching treatment is needed when the growth is stopped; the drooping branches and the skirt branches are left as much as possible under the conditions of not affecting light transmission and the like;
s5, pest control: and (3) interplanting pyrethrum in the middle of two adjacent apple tree seedlings, wherein the plant height of the pyrethrum seedlings is 15-30 cm.
2. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: the pit depth of the pyrethrum planting pit is 20-30cm, watering and topdressing are carried out in time after the pyrethrum planting, 0.2-0.3kg of manure and 0.2-0.4kg of plant ash are applied to each plant, and watering is carried out for 2 times per week on average after one month.
3. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: 1 solar insecticidal lamp is installed in each 1000-3000 square meters in the apple tree planting area of the apple tree orchard.
4. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: in the growth process of the apple seedlings, 1000-fold 1200-time Bordeaux mixture is sprayed for 1 time every 15 days and 4 times continuously.
5. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: the ridging direction of the pyrethrum seedling cultivation is selected from the north and south directions, thiophanate or lime powder is adopted every 4-6 weeks to carry out epidemic prevention and disinfection on the pyrethrum, and withered pyrethrum seedlings are timely pulled out in a root-by-root mode and burnt out.
6. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: bagging treatment is carried out during the fruit bearing period of the apple trees, bagging is carried out from the bottom of 6 months to the beginning of 7 months, and pest control before bagging is carried out.
7. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: the apple trees and the pyrethrum need to be loosened periodically, and the loosening is performed every 2-3 weeks.
8. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: the growth of the pyrethrum cannot influence the growth of the apple trees, branches and leaves of the pyrethrum close to the apple trees need to be trimmed, and the trimmed branches and leaves can be broken and applied to apple tree orchards as organic fertilizers.
9. The apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate according to claim 1, wherein the apple tree planting method comprises the following steps: in plum rain season, drainage work of the apple orchard needs to be done, and the situation that the roots of apple trees are soaked in water to cause root rot is avoided.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113711834A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-30 | 乌拉特前旗尚鸿林果科技有限公司 | Apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113711834A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-30 | 乌拉特前旗尚鸿林果科技有限公司 | Apple tree planting method for improving disease resistance rate |
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