CN112602549A - Efficient cultivation bag and cultivation method for red-stem gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds - Google Patents

Efficient cultivation bag and cultivation method for red-stem gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112602549A
CN112602549A CN202011472086.XA CN202011472086A CN112602549A CN 112602549 A CN112602549 A CN 112602549A CN 202011472086 A CN202011472086 A CN 202011472086A CN 112602549 A CN112602549 A CN 112602549A
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China
Prior art keywords
cultivation
fungus
bag
firewood
gastrodia elata
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CN202011472086.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邵先强
梅洪江
彭成江
安财
郑凯
黎启高
邱治龙
高昊
先高
张玲
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Dejiang Wuling Gastrodia Elata Farmers' Professional Cooperative
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Dejiang Wuling Gastrodia Elata Farmers' Professional Cooperative
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Priority to CN202011472086.XA priority Critical patent/CN112602549A/en
Publication of CN112602549A publication Critical patent/CN112602549A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06Coating or dressing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/40Cultivation of spawn

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gastrodia elata cultivation, and discloses a high-efficiency cultivation bag-packed cultivation method for zero generation seeds of gastrodia elata, wherein a cultivation medium is flatly laid at the bottom of a bag body, and a proper amount of well-mixed germination strains are placed in the bag body; then putting fungus material, putting armillaria mellea at two ends of the fungus material, then putting a culture medium to be filled to be level with the fungus material, putting a proper amount of seed-dressing germination bacteria, then planting two layers according to the mode of the first layer, and laying the culture medium on the third layer after the seed-dressing germination bacteria are put on the third layer. The bag body planting is adopted, the operation is carried out indoors, the operation can be carried out on rainy days and sunny days, the weather influence is avoided, the planting can be carried out after the capsule is mixed, and the timeliness of the gastrodia elata planting is effectively solved; the wood consumption of each bag is 10-15 jin, the cost is about 4 yuan, the yield of each bag is more than 3 jin, the planting technical cost is effectively reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.

Description

Efficient cultivation bag and cultivation method for red-stem gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gastrodia elata cultivation, and particularly relates to a zero-generation efficient cultivation bag and cultivation method for gastrodia elata.
Background
At present: gastrodia elata has been used in China for two thousand years, and listed as the top grade in the herbal of the past generation, the first description of which is reported in Shen nong's herbal Jing. The tuber mainly contains gastrodin and other components. Neutral in nature and sweet in flavor, and has the functions of extinguishing wind and relieving spasm. Can be used for treating vertigo, headache, spasm of limbs, numbness, neurasthenia, insomnia, rheumatalgia, infantile convulsion, etc. Due to the shortage of medicine sources, the medicine is produced by adopting an artificial cultivation method in recent years.
However, the traditional gastrodia elata cultivation is wild planting and outdoor operation, the yield is low, the influence of weather is great, and the gastrodia elata cultivation can be carried out only in sunny days; in addition, in the cultivation process, the wood consumption of one square meter is 40-50 jin, the cost is about 15 yuan (the wood is calculated according to 30 yuan and 100 jin), and the cost is high.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
the existing gastrodia elata cultivation mode is characterized by wild planting, outdoor operation, low yield, great influence by weather and higher cost.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: how the science selects fungus material and culture substrate, how the fungus material is put in the bag body, bag body bottom need set up how big hole that leaks just is favorable to breathing freely and moisturizing.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: by solving the problems, the production cost of zero generation seeds of the gastrodia elata can be effectively reduced, natural risks brought by outdoor cultivation are controlled, and meanwhile, the zero generation seeds of the gastrodia elata are developed towards scale and intensification, so that cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a zero-generation efficient cultivation bag and a cultivation method for gastrodia elata.
The method effectively solves the problems of high planting cost, unstable yield and great influence of weather of the gastrodia elata.
The significance of the invention is to greatly reduce the planting cost of the gastrodia elata, improve the yield and improve the economic benefit.
The invention is realized in this way, and the zero-generation efficient cultivation method for the red-stem gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a fungus material: cutting the fungus firewood and fungus branches into segments respectively to ensure the integrity of barks;
step two, laying a culture medium at the bottom of the culture bag, and placing a proper amount of well-mixed germination strains on the culture medium;
step three, putting mushroom wood, putting 3-4 sections of mushroom wood layer by layer, respectively putting 1-2 sections of mushroom branches at the front end and the rear end of each section of mushroom wood, putting armillaria mellea at the two ends of the mushroom wood, then putting a culture medium to be filled to be level with the mushroom wood, and then putting a proper amount of seed-dressing germination bacteria;
planting two layers according to the mode of the first layer, placing the seed-dressing germination bacteria on the third layer, covering a culture medium on the third layer, and completing planting in one bag;
step five, carrying to an outdoor cultivation field after planting, lifting the filled cultivation bags on the plate nails when the cultivation field is placed, and then placing the cultivation bags on the cultivation field;
step six, placing the cultivation bags on a cultivation field in rows, covering soil around the cultivation bags until the cultivation bags are flush with the cultivation bags after the cultivation bags are placed, and covering grass, leaves or pine needles on the cultivation bags;
step seven, field management: the soil humidity in the cultivation bag is checked at any time, when the soil is dry, water is sprayed in time, and ditches are arranged around each block to prevent waterlogging.
Furthermore, the firewood is mainly prepared from cyclobalanopsis glauca, Huazhu, Castanea mollissima and broad-leaved deciduous tree species, the length of the firewood is cut by 20cm, the diameter is preferably 10cm, the size of the fungus material can be determined according to the situation, and the fungus branches are cut by branches with the diameter of less than 3cm and are 5-10cm for later use.
Further, the culture medium is loose soil, sandy soil, clean river sand or scraped rice sand.
Further, in the fourth step, a culture medium is covered on the germination bacteria for seed dressing by 5-8 cm.
Further, the manufacturing method of the plate nail comprises the following steps: nails were nailed every 3cm on a 40cm long, 30m wide plank, full of which was nailed.
Furthermore, the seed-dressing germination bacteria are leaves or cottonseed hulls.
The invention also aims to provide a high-efficiency cultivation bag for the zero-generation seeds of the gastrodia elata, which is provided with the following components in parts by weight:
a bag body;
the bag body is filled with a culture medium, a plurality of layers of fungus firewood are embedded in the bag body culture medium, 1-2 sections of fungus branches are placed at two ends of each section of fungus firewood, armillaria mellea is placed at two ends of each section of fungus firewood, and seed-dressing germination bacteria are laid on the upper side and the lower side of each layer of fungus firewood;
a plurality of water leakage holes are formed in the bottom of the bag body.
Furthermore, the aperture of the water leakage hole is 0.5-1 cm.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the method uses the bags (the bag size is 35cm x 55cm), the operation is carried out indoors, the operation can be carried out on rainy days and sunny days, the weather influence is avoided, the planting can be carried out after the seeds of capsules are mixed, and the timeliness of the planting of the gastrodia elata is effectively solved; the wood consumption of each bag is 10-15 jin, the cost is about 4 yuan (the wood is calculated according to 30 yuan 100 jin), the yield of each bag is more than 3 jin, the planting technical cost is effectively reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the zero-generation efficient cultivation method for Gastrodia elata Blume provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a zero-generation efficient cultivation bag for gastrodia elata of red culms provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a culture medium; 2. seed dressing germination bacteria; 3. halimasch strains; 4. fungus and firewood; 5. a bag body; 6. and (4) water leakage holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a zero-generation efficient cultivation bag and a cultivation method for gastrodia elata, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the zero-generation efficient cultivation method for gastrodia elata in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, preparing a bacterial material: cutting the fungus firewood and fungus branches into segments respectively to ensure the integrity of barks;
s102, laying a culture medium at the bottom of the culture bag, and placing a proper amount of well-mixed germination strains on the culture medium;
s103, putting strains, putting 3-4 sections of fungus firewood in a layer, putting 1-2 sections of fungus branches at the front end and the rear end of each section of fungus firewood respectively, putting armillaria mellea at the two ends of each strain, putting a culture medium until the culture medium is equal to the strains, and putting a proper amount of seed-dressing germination bacteria;
s104, planting two layers according to the mode of the first layer, placing the seed-dressing germination bacteria on the third layer, covering a culture medium on the third layer, and completing planting in one bag;
s105, carrying to an outdoor cultivation field after planting, lifting the filled cultivation bags on the plate nails when the cultivation field is placed, and then placing the cultivation bags on the cultivation field;
s106, placing the cultivation bags on a cultivation field in rows, covering soil around the cultivation bags until the cultivation bags are flush with the cultivation bags after the cultivation bags are placed, and covering grass, leaves or pine needles on the cultivation bags;
s107, field management: the soil humidity in the cultivation bag is checked at any time, when the soil is dry, water is sprayed in time, and ditches are arranged around each block to prevent waterlogging.
Ordinary technicians in the field of the zero-generation high-efficiency cultivation method for the gastrodia elata blume provided by the invention can also implement the zero-generation high-efficiency cultivation method by adopting other steps, and the zero-generation high-efficiency cultivation method for the gastrodia elata blume provided by the invention shown in the figure 1 is only a specific embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2, the zero-generation efficient cultivation bag for gastrodia elata of red culms provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the cultivation medium comprises a cultivation medium 1, seed-dressing germination bacteria 2, halimasch strains 3, fungus firewood 4, a bag body 5 and water leakage holes 6.
The bag body 5 is filled with a culture medium 1, a plurality of layers of fungus firewood 4 are embedded in the culture medium 1 in the bag body 5, 1-2 sections of fungus branches are placed at two ends of each section of fungus firewood 4, honey-ring strains are placed at two ends of the fungus firewood, and seed-dressing germination bacteria 2 are laid on the upper side and the lower side of each layer of fungus firewood 4; the bottom of the bag body 5 is provided with a plurality of water leakage holes 6.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Firstly, preparing the fungus material
1. The fungus firewood is mainly selected from cyclobalanopsis glauca, Huazhu, Castanea mollissima and broad-leaved deciduous tree species, the bark is ensured to be complete, the length is cut by 20cm, the diameter is preferably 10cm, and the size of the fungus wood can be determined according to the situation.
2. The fungus branches are cut into 5-10cm long branches with diameter less than 3cm for use.
Second, bag
1. White plastic bag: the dimensions were 35cm x 55 cm.
2. Manufacturing the plate nail: nails were nailed every 3cm on a 40cm long, 30m wide plank, full of which was nailed.
Third, culture medium
1. Sandy loam or sandy soil (must be raw soil, not infected with soil, and not planted with crop soil).
Fourthly, planting
1. Site: either indoors or outdoors.
2. Sand and soil are flatly laid at the bottom of the bag and are 5cm thick; placing a proper amount of the well-mixed germination strains on sandy soil; then putting the fungus material, putting 3-4 sections of fungus material on one layer, putting 1-2 sections of fungus branches on the front end and the rear end of each section of fungus material respectively, putting armillaria mellea (better using branch armillaria mellea) on two ends of the fungus material, then putting sand soil to fill the fungus material to be flat, putting a proper amount of seed-dressing germination bacteria, then planting two layers according to the mode of the first layer, and changing the sand soil to 5-8cm after the seed-dressing germination bacteria are put on the third layer. Such a bag is completed.
3. After planting, the plant is carried to an outdoor cultivation field, and when the cultivation field is placed, the bagged materials are placed on the plate nails and then placed to the cultivation field.
4. 5 bags are arranged on a cultivation field, the length of each bag is determined according to the field, after the bags are placed, the soil is covered around the bags until the bags are flat, and then the bags are covered with grass, leaves or pine needles with the thickness of 30 cm.
Fifth, field management
1. The humidity of the soil in the bag is checked at any time, and when the soil is dry, water is sprayed in time.
2. Ditches are arranged around each block to prevent waterlogging.
The invention selects white bags with the size of 35cm x 55cm, the wood consumption is 10-15 jin, the white bags are arranged according to three layers, the used substrate is non-impurity-induced raw soil (sandy soil or sandy soil), a plurality of water leakage holes are arranged at the bottom of the bag body every 3cm, and the zero breeding of the gastrodia elata is carried out more than 3 jin after half a year.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A zero-generation efficient cultivation method for gastrodia elata, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a bacterial material: cutting the fungus firewood and fungus branches into segments respectively;
laying a culture medium at the bottom of the culture bag, and placing the well-mixed germination strains on the culture medium;
placing fungus material, placing fungus firewood on one layer, placing fungus branches on the front end and the rear end of each section of fungus firewood respectively, placing armillaria mellea on the two ends of the fungus material, placing a culture medium until the culture medium is equal to the fungus material, and placing a proper amount of seed-dressing germination bacteria;
planting two layers according to the mode of the first layer, placing the seed-mixed germination bacteria on the third layer, covering a culture medium on the third layer, and completing planting in one bag;
after planting, carrying to an outdoor cultivation field, lifting the filled cultivation bags on the plate nails when the cultivation field is placed, and then placing the cultivation bags on the cultivation field;
arranging the cultivation bags on a cultivation field in rows, covering soil around the cultivation bags until the cultivation bags are flush, and covering grass, leaves or pine needles on the cultivation bags;
field management: the soil humidity in the cultivation bag is checked at any time, when the soil is dry, water is sprayed in time, and ditches are arranged around each block to prevent waterlogging.
2. The method for efficiently cultivating the red-stem gastrodia elata zero generation seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the firewood is mainly cyclobalanopsis glauca, Huazhu, Castanea mollissima and broad-leaf deciduous tree species, the length of the firewood is 20cm, the diameter of the firewood is 10cm, the size of the fungus material can be determined according to the situation, and the fungus branches are cut by branches with the diameter of less than 3cm and the length of the fungus branches is 5-10cm for later use.
3. The high-efficiency cultivation method of the gastrodia elata with zero generation seeds of claim 1, wherein the cultivation substrate is loose soil, sandy soil, clean river sand or scraped rice sand.
4. The high-efficiency cultivation method of the zero generation seeds of the gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 1, wherein 3-4 sections of the fungus firewood are placed in the fungus placing material layer by layer, and 1-2 sections of fungus branches are placed at the front end and the rear end of each section of the fungus firewood respectively.
5. The high-efficiency cultivation method of the gastrodia elata varieties with zero generation seeds of claim 1, characterized in that in the fourth step, a cultivation substrate is covered on the germination bacteria for seed dressing by 5-8 cm.
6. The high-efficiency cultivation method of the red stalked gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds of claim 1, characterized in that the plate nail manufacturing method comprises the following steps: nails were nailed every 3cm on a 40cm long, 30m wide plank, full of which was nailed.
7. The high-efficiency cultivation method of the red-stalked gastrodia elata zero generation seeds of claim 1, characterized in that the seed-dressing germination bacteria are leaves or cottonseed hulls.
8. The zero-generation-seed efficient cultivation bag for the zero-generation-seed efficient cultivation method of the gastrodia elata as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
a bag body;
the bag body is filled with a culture medium, a plurality of layers of fungus firewood are embedded in the bag body culture medium, armillaria mellea is placed at two ends of the fungus firewood, and seed-mixing germination bacteria are laid on the upper side and the lower side of each layer of fungus firewood;
a plurality of water leakage holes are formed in the bottom of the bag body.
9. The high-efficiency cultivation bag for the zero generation of red stalked gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 8, wherein the aperture of the water leakage holes is 0.5-1 cm.
10. The high-efficiency cultivation bag for zero generation seeds of red stalked gastrodia elata as claimed in claim 8, wherein a plurality of layers of firewood are embedded in the cultivation substrate of the bag body, and 1-2 sections of branches are placed at two ends of each section of firewood.
CN202011472086.XA 2020-12-15 2020-12-15 Efficient cultivation bag and cultivation method for red-stem gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds Pending CN112602549A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118120568A (en) * 2024-03-26 2024-06-04 毕节市中药研究所 Efficient cultivation method and application of gastrodia elata

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JP2018196351A (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-12-13 広志 石原 Moss sheet production method and moss sheet
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118120568A (en) * 2024-03-26 2024-06-04 毕节市中药研究所 Efficient cultivation method and application of gastrodia elata

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Application publication date: 20210406