CN112592979A - 一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内etv6-ntrk3融合基因的引物、探针和方法 - Google Patents
一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内etv6-ntrk3融合基因的引物、探针和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用荧光定量PCR技术,一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内ETV6‑NTRK3融合基因的引物、探针和方法,可筛查肿瘤患者体内是否有ETV6‑NTRK3融合基因,对于肿瘤患者及时调整治疗方案、指导拉罗替尼用药、评价治疗效果、预测预后和预防临床复发具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明属生物技术检测领域,特别涉及一种筛查融合基因的方法,采用探针Taqman实时荧光PCR技术检测肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的情况。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤是目前全球疾病死亡的首位原因,已经成为严重威胁人类健康的一类疾病。近年来,随着高通量基因测序技术如二代测序(NGS)技术突飞猛进的发展,以肿瘤驱动基因为靶点的个体化精准医疗彻底改变了恶性肿瘤的治疗格局,越来越多的分子靶向药物不断涌现。拉罗替尼(larotrectinib)是一种由Loxo Oncology和拜耳公司共同开发的新型口服小分子、高选择性原肌球蛋白受体激酶(tropomyosin receptor kinase,TRK)抑制剂。2018年11月26日,获得美国食品与药物监督管理局(FDA)批准,用于治疗无已知耐药突变、广泛转移或局部手术治疗效果不佳的NTRK基因融合的儿童和成人实体瘤患者。这是全球第一个获批上市的与肿瘤类型无关的“广谱”抗癌药。
NTRK基因融合在各个癌症类型中均有发现,常出现在先天性纤维肉瘤、先天性中胚层肾癌和分泌型乳腺癌(各90%以上)以及乳头状甲状腺癌(26%)等罕见肿瘤中,对于国内常见的肺癌和肠癌,NTRK融合的比例比较低,分别在3.5%和1.5%,在所有实体瘤中NTRK基因融合的频率约为1%。其中NTRK基因融合最常见的类型为ETV6-NTRK3。
神经营养酪氨酸激酶受体3(neurotrophic tyrosine kinase,receptor type 3,NIRK3)定位于15q25,DNA379.612kb,含有18个外显子。编码神经营养因子3的跨膜受体,相对分子质量94.4×103,含有839个氨基酸。由胞外配体结合区,跨膜区和胞内酪氨酸激酶区组成。在神经系统的生长发育中起重要作用。除神经系统外,造血细胞,上皮细胞和多种软组织肿瘤中也有表达。NTRK3与膜表面的配体结合后,位于膜内侧的酪氨酸残基发生磷酸化并活化,具有激酶的活性。
ETV6(ETS variant gene 6)定位于12p13,DNA长度约300kb,含有8个外显子。编码蛋白相对分子质量为53×103。含有452个氨基酸,是ETS(E-Twenty-six)癌基因转录因子家族中一种序列特异性的转录抑制因子。在染色体移位中,ETV6是一种常见的断裂靶点,
ETV6-NTRK3基因的融合促进了肿瘤的形成。NTRK3与ETV6基因融合在一起,导致NTRK3基因编码的TRK蛋白处于持续活跃状态,引发永久性的信号级联反应,驱动TRK融合肿瘤的扩散和生长。在CFS(先天性纤维肉瘤)及CMN(先天性中胚层肾瘤)中,ETV6-NTRK3融合基因是通过ETV6第5外显子与NTRK3第15外显子融合在一起形成的,通过ETV6的HLH结构与NTRK3的c端结合形成融合蛋白,该融合蛋白能够不依赖配体而具有激酶活性。另外报道的还有ETV6基因第4外显子或第5外显子分别与NTRK3基因第14外显子之间的融合现象。
拉罗替尼主要通过与细胞内TRKC(NTRK3编码)的ATP位点竞争性结合,进而抑制TRK的催化活性和自磷酸化,阻断下游的信号通路传导,从而发挥抗肿瘤的作用。
目前融合基因检测的常用技术有荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)、RT-PCR等方法。FISH检测结果较为直观,但是试验过程繁琐,涉及试剂种类繁多,费时费力,且结果需经验丰富的专业人士来判读,结果判读存在较大的主观性。RT-PCR采用Taqman探针荧光定量技术,综合生物学、酶学和荧光化学于一体,从扩增到结果分析均在PCR反应管封闭状态下进行,解决了PCR产物污染而导致假阳性的问题,同时也提高了敏感度,其结果用拷贝数表示,实现了对PCR产物的准确定量,易于统一标准,与定性PCR技术相比,具有特异度好,灵敏度高,线性关系好,操作简单,自动化程度高、防污染,有较大的线性范围等优点。能够满足ETV6-NTRK3基因融合的检测,作为首选检测方法,用于指导拉罗替尼用药、评价治疗效果、预测预后。实时荧光定量PCR中常见的方法有SYBR GreenI染料法,双探针杂交法以及Taqman技术等。其中SYBR GreenI由于是非饱和染料,特异性不如双探针杂交法以及Taqman法,必须通过观察溶解曲线来判断其特异性;而双探针杂交法成本又较为昂贵。因此本研究采用实时荧光PCR技术结合Taqman探针法应用于ETV6-NTRK3基因融合检测。
发明内容
本发明设计了检测内参/目的基因用引物、探针序列,采用实时荧光PCR技术,筛查ETV6-NTRK3融合基因。该方法快速准确,灵敏度高,特异性好,检测通量大。
用于ETV6-NTRK3基因的检验试剂中包括红细胞裂解液、TRIzol、氯仿、无水乙醇、ReverTra AceqPCR RT Kit(TOYOBO公司)、检测体系PCR反应液、阳性对照品和阴性对照品。
检测体系PCR反应液包括THUNDERBIRD qPCR MIX(TOYOBO,QPS-101)、检测目的基因用上下游引物分别为:ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R,NTRK3-ex15-R探针为NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P,检测内参基因Actin用引物为Actin-F,Actin-R,探针为Actin-Probe。其中,
ETV6-ex4-F:TTTCACCATTCTTCCACCCTG
ETV6-ex5-F:GCCTGAAGAGCACGCCAT
NTRK3-ex14-R:GCAGTGGGCTGGCTGAGTC
NTRK3-ex15-R:AAAGGCTCCCTCACCCAGTT
NTRK3-ex14-P:FAM-CTCACCACTGATGACAGCCACGGG-BHQ1
NTRK3-ex15-P:VIC-TCGCTTCAGCACGATGTCTCTCCTCTTA-BHQ1
Actin-F:TGAGCGAGGCTACAGCTT
Actin-R:TCCTTGATGTCGCGCACGATTT
Actin-Probe:FAM-ACCACCACGGCCGAGCGG-TAMRA。
具体地,所述阳性对照品分别为含有ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的溶液;所述阴性对照品为不含ETV6-NTRK3融合基因组溶液。
本发明还提供了一种检测ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)抽提样品RNA并反转录成cDNA
2)ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R、NTRK3-ex15-R)、检测探针(NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P)进行同管Real-time PCR扩增,同时扩增内参基因Actin作参照;
3)根据Real-time PCR结果来分析样本是否有ETV6-NTRK3基因融合。
步骤1)中,所述的提取方法为常规的TRIZOL法提取血液RNA,然后用TOYOBO公司的Rever Tra Ace qPCR RT Kit试剂盒反转录成cDNA。
步骤2)所述的的Real-time PCR扩增方法如下:
一例样本的qPCR体系为25ul:2*qPCR MIX 12.5ul、ROX Reference Dye(50*)0.5ul、引物ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R、NTRK3-ex15-R各0.4ul、探针NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P分别为0.2ul和0.4ul、灭菌水7.8ul、cDNA模板2ul。
内参的qPCR体系为25ul:2*qPCR MIX 12.5ul、ROX Reference Dye(50*)0.5u、引物Actin-F、Actin-R各0.4ul、探针Actin-Probe 0.4ul、灭菌水8.8ul、cDNA模板2ul。
Real-time PCR反应程序:95℃1min预变性;95℃15s,58℃35s循环40次。
步骤3)的结果分析,具体为:在一块板上同时进行内参(Actin)和目的基因ETV6-NTRK3的Real-time PCR:
a、内参阳性时,检测结果才认为有效;
b、阳性判断标准:Ct<36,为阳性,样本中有ETV6-NTRK3基因融合;36≤Ct≤38,为疑似阳性,需要再次验证;Ct>38,为阴性,样本中无ETV6-NTRK3基因融合。
本发明还提供了一种检测ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的试剂盒,包括检测目的基因用上下游引物分别为:ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R,NTRK3-ex15-R探针为NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P,检测内参基因Actin用引物为Actin-F,Actin-R,探针为Actin-Probe。
所述试剂盒还包括红细胞裂解液、TRIzol、氯仿、无水乙醇、ReverTra Ace qPCRRT Kit(TOYOBO公司)、阳性对照品和阴性对照品。
2.本发明的有益效果:一、本发明将实时荧光PCR技术结合采用Tapman探针,分别扩增内参基因Actin和ETV6-NTRK3目的基因,检测肿瘤患者体内有无ETV6-NTRK3基因融合。相比于以往的FISH和免疫组化法,该方法具有操作简便快捷,结果精度高(灵敏度可达10个拷贝)且便于判读等优点。二、本发明根据ETV6-NTRK3的三种主要融合类型的特点,设计了2对引物和2个探针,即可检出3种类型的ETV6-NTRK3融合。将2对引物和2个探针按合理的比例混在同一个体系内,一次反应即可检测出样本中有无ETV6-NTRK3融合发生,减少了操作步骤,既缩短了加样时间,又降低了污染的几率。三、本发明将反应体系所需的引物、探针进行合理配比和优化,使实验条件达到最佳,从而省去了繁琐的条件摸索环节,大大提升了实验效率。该方法经测试特异性好,灵敏度高,操作简便。有助于临床上肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3基因融合的检测,对于指导拉罗替尼用药、评价治疗效果、预测预后都具有重要意义。四、本发明采用一管式筛查ETV6-NTRK3基因3种常见融合类型(ETV6第5外显子与NTRK3第15外显子融合、ETV6基因第5外显子与NTRK3基因第14外显子的融合、ETV6基因第4外显子与NTRK3基因第14外显子融合)的方法,是将3种常见融合类型的引物和探针混入同一个PCR管中,减少了操作步骤,既缩短了加样时间,又降低了污染的几率。检测结果可作为ETV6-NTRK3分型诊断及个体化治疗方案的选择和制定的依据之一,指导拉罗替尼用药,对调整治疗方案、评价治疗效果、评估预后及预防临床复发都具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1是使用本发明引物探针及方法对临床样本、含三种ETV6-NTRK3阳性质粒的阳性对照样品、阴性对照的荧光扩增曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图,进一步阐述本发明。应当注意的是,实施例中未说明的常规条件和方法,通常按照所属领域实验人员常规采用方法:譬如,奥斯柏和金斯顿主编的《精编分子生物学实验指南》第四版,或者按照制造厂商所建议的步骤和条件。
实施例1
本发明用于辅助临床上肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因诊断及个性化治疗方案的制定。试剂包括:红细胞裂解液、TRIzol、氯仿、无水乙醇、ReverTra Ace qPCR RT Kit(TOYOBO公司)。
检测体系PCR反应液:ReverTra AceqPCR RT Kit(TOYOBO公司);THNDERBIRDProbe qPCR Mix(2×)、Actin内参基因及ETV6-NTRK3目的基因的引物和探针浓度均为10μM;其中检测内参基因ABL和目的基因RET-PTC的引物和探针,分别为:
ETV6-ex4-F:TTTCACCATTCTTCCACCCTG;
ETV6-ex5-F:GCCTGAAGAGCACGCCAT;
NTRK3-ex14-R:GCAGTGGGCTGGCTGAGTC;
NTRK3-ex15-R:AAAGGCTCCCTCACCCAGTT;
NTRK3-ex14-P:FAM-CTCACCACTGATGACAGCCACGGG-BHQ1;
NTRK3-ex15-P:VIC-TCGCTTCAGCACGATGTCTCTCCTCTTA-BHQ1;
Actin-F:TGAGCGAGGCTACAGCTT;
Actin-R:TCCTTGATGTCGCGCACGATTT;
Actin-Probe:FAM-ACCACCACGGCCGAGCGG-TAMRA;
阳性对照品:分别含ETV6-NTRK3基因的溶液;阴性对照品:不含ETV6-NTRK3基因的溶液。
实施例2
本方法的操作流程:
(1)抽提血液中的组织RNA:在洁净的1.5ml的离心管中加入1ml红细胞裂解液,取抗凝血0.5ml混匀。室温静置10min;5000rpm离心5min,弃上清,收集底部的细胞;再次加入0.5ml红细胞裂解液,5000rpm离心5min,弃上清,收集底部的细胞;向细胞中加入1mlTRIzol,反复吹打直至沉淀完全溶解,室温静止5min;加入0.2ml氯仿,震荡均匀;14000rpm4℃离心10min,吸取上清层转移至另一新的离心管中;加入等体积的异丙醇,上下充分混匀,室温静置10min;14000rpm 4℃离心10min,弃上清,加入75%乙醇1ml,轻轻上下颠倒洗涤管壁;14000rpm 4℃离心5min,弃乙醇;室温干燥10-15min,加入20ulRNase-free水溶解沉淀。
(2)参考TOYOBO公司的ReverTra Ace qPCR RT Kit试剂盒说明书,将RNA反转为cDNA。
(3)试剂配置:按检测人份数配置检测体系PCR反应液各X ul,每人份23ul分装:
X=23ul反应液×(n份标本+1份阳性对照+1份阴性对照+1份空白对照);
(4)加样:加入检测体系PCR反应液中2ulcDNA;阳性对照和阴性对照直接加2ul阳性对照品和阴性对照品;空白对照加2ul生理盐水或不加任何物质。
(5)检测:检测在实时荧光PCR仪上进行,可用仪器包括ABI7300,7500(美国Applied Biosystems公司)等。反应条件:95℃预变性1min;95℃15s,58℃35sec 40个循环,荧光信号于58℃35sec时采集。
(6)结果判断:将阈值线调整至背景信号及阴性扩增线以上,系统根据CT值来判断。
1)内参阳性时,检测结果才认为有效;
2)阳性判断标准:Ct<36,为阳性;36≤Ct≤38,为疑似阳性,需要再次验证;Ct>38,为阴性。
实施例3
采用本发明核酸检测方法检测临床标本
取待检的临床样品20例,按实施例2所述方法提取基因组、配制试剂并检测。每份样品加入检测体系PCR反应液中2μL。同时做阳性,阴性,空白对照。一台96孔的荧光PCR仪可同时检测20份样品,每个样本2次重复,3份阳性对照,1份阴性对照,检测时间仅为60分钟。20例筛查样本中所有样本的Actin均起线,说明样本正常可用,如图1所示,ETV6-NTRK3除3个阳性对照品起线其它样本都没有起线。实验结果如下表2所示:
表2 20例临床样本ETV6-NTRK3表达水平
序列表
<110> 长沙艾迪康医学检验实验室有限公司
<120> 一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的引物、探针和方法
<160> 9
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
tttcaccatt cttccaccct g 21
<210> 2
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
gcctgaagag cacgccat 18
<210> 3
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
gcagtgggct ggctgagtc 19
<210> 4
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
aaaggctccc tcacccagtt 20
<210> 5
<211> 24
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 5
ctcaccactg atgacagcca cggg 24
<210> 6
<211> 28
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 6
tcgcttcagc acgatgtctc tcctctta 28
<210> 7
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 7
tgagcgaggc tacagctt 18
<210> 8
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 8
tccttgatgt cgcgcacgat tt 22
<210> 9
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 9
accaccacgg ccgagcgg 18
Claims (5)
1.一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的引物和探针,其特征在于,所使用的扩增ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的引物和探针分别为:
ETV6-ex4-F:TTTCACCATTCTTCCACCCTG
ETV6-ex5-F:GCCTGAAGAGCACGCCAT
NTRK3-ex14-R:GCAGTGGGCTGGCTGAGTC
NTRK3-ex15-R:AAAGGCTCCCTCACCCAGTT
NTRK3-ex14-P:FAM-CTCACCACTGATGACAGCCACGGG-BHQ1
NTRK3-ex15-P:VIC-TCGCTTCAGCACGATGTCTCTCCTCTTA-BHQ1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的引物和探针,其特征在于,还包括扩增Actin内参基因的引物和探针,分别为:
Actin-F:TGAGCGAGGCTACAGCTT
Actin-R:TCCTTGATGTCGCGCACGATTT
Actin-Probe:FAM-ACCACCACGGCCGAGCGG-TAMRA。
3.一管式筛查肿瘤患者体内ETV6-NTRK3融合基因的检测方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)抽提外周血中的总RNA并逆转录为cDNA;
(2)以步骤1中的cDNA为模板,依据所述的特异性扩增引物(ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R、NTRK3-ex15-R)、检测探针(NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P)进行同管Real-time PCR扩增,同时扩增内参基因Actin作参照;
(3)根据Real-time PCR结果来分析样本是否有ETV6-NTRK3基因融合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)具体为:一例样本的qPCR体系为25ul:2*qPCR MIX 12.5ul、ROX Reference Dye(50*)0.5ul、引物ETV6-ex4-F、ETV6-ex5-F、NTRK3-ex14-R、NTRK3-ex15-R各0.4ul、探针NTRK3-ex14-P、NTRK3-ex15-P分别为0.2ul和0.4ul、灭菌水7.8ul、cDNA模板2ul;内参的qPCR体系为25ul:2*qPCR MIX 12.5ul、ROXReference Dye(50*)0.5u、引物Actin-F、Actin-R各0.4ul、探针Actin-Probe 0.4ul、灭菌水8.8ul、cDNA模板2ul。Real-time PCR反应程序:95℃1min预变性;95℃15s,58℃35s循环40次。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)的结果分析,具体为:在一块板上同时进行内参(Actin)和目的基因ETV6-NTRK3的Real-timePCR:
1)内参阳性时,检测结果才认为有效;
2)阳性判断标准:Ct<36,为阳性,样本中有ETV6-NTRK3基因融合;36≤Ct≤38,为疑似阳性,需要再次验证;Ct>38,为阴性,样本中无ETV6-NTRK3基因融合。
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