CN112439641A - 阀、包括这种阀的用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统以及专用安装和拆卸工具 - Google Patents

阀、包括这种阀的用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统以及专用安装和拆卸工具 Download PDF

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CN112439641A
CN112439641A CN202010904840.6A CN202010904840A CN112439641A CN 112439641 A CN112439641 A CN 112439641A CN 202010904840 A CN202010904840 A CN 202010904840A CN 112439641 A CN112439641 A CN 112439641A
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valve
profile
tool
peripheral
plane
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CN112439641B (zh
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丹尼斯·范泽托
迪迪埃·福尔
奥利维尔·古尔巴
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Axel Industries
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Axel Industries
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/65—Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B05B1/306—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice the actuating means being a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3006—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3013—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3026—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being a gate valve, a sliding valve or a cock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/32—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/32—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening
    • B05B1/326—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening the valve being a gate valve, a sliding valve or a cock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/06—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type
    • B25B13/065—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type characterised by the cross-section of the socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/50—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/02—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts
    • B25B23/08—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation
    • B25B23/10—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation using mechanical gripping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/24—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same mounting or demounting valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/46—Mechanical actuating means for remote operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/60—Handles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K51/00—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0413—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with reciprocating pumps, e.g. membrane pump, piston pump, bellow pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/043—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump having pump readily separable from container

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Valve Housings (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

用于涂敷覆盖产品的系统(2)的该阀(4)包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为与专用安装和拆卸工具(52)的突出或凹进形状协作，阀的这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动(R1、R2)传递到阀(4)，并且固定到工具(52)。阀的突出或中空形状包括具有至少一个平面(542A)的周边轮廓(542)以及相对于阀(4)的外端(546)位于第一轮廓(542)后面的第二周边轮廓(544)。第二轮廓(544)具有：至少一个第一平面(544A)，该至少一个第一平面与第一轮廓(542)的平面(542A)对齐；以及至少一个第二平面(544B)，该至少一个第二平面相对于第一轮廓(542)的平面(542A)成角度地偏移，使得第二轮廓(544)的第二平面(544B)相对于第一轮廓(542)形成肩部(545)。

Description

阀、包括这种阀的用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统以及专用安装和 拆卸工具
【技术领域】
本发明涉及阀和包括这种阀的用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统。本发明还涉及一种用于这种阀的专用安装和拆卸工具。
【背景技术】
用于涂敷覆盖产品(covering products)的系统，诸如喷漆器，包括至少一个阀，该阀控制可操纵为允许油漆循环的针。该阀通常通过将加压控制空气注入到腔室中来控制。加压空气作用在控制针的活塞上。这种阀包括密封装置，这些密封装置一方面防止油漆朝向腔室进入阀，另一方面防止加压的控制空气从腔室逸出并且防止其他流体进入腔室。
这种阀以及其它类型的阀必须在有时复杂的进入条件(access condition)下安装或拆卸。有时，必须使用几种类型的工具或者必须翻转的工具，这在例如工具在操纵期间掉落或者必要工具之一不可用时涉及增加的操纵时间。在这种操纵期间，在安装或拆卸期间还存在阀掉落的风险。
【发明内容】
本发明旨在通过提出一种用于涂敷覆盖产品的系统的新阀来解决这些缺点，该阀具有使得可以便于其利用单个工具安装和拆卸并且同时降低掉落风险的形状。
为此，本发明涉及一种用于涂敷覆盖产品的系统的阀，该阀包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为与专用安装和拆卸工具的突出或凹进形状协作，阀的这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动传递到阀，并且固定到工具。该阀的特征在于：阀的突出或凹进形状包括具有至少一个平面的第一周边轮廓以及相对于阀的外端位于第一轮廓后面的第二周边轮廓，并且第二轮廓具有：至少一个第一平面，该至少一个第一平面与第一轮廓的平面对齐；以及至少一个第二平面，该至少一个第二平面相对于第一轮廓的平面成角度地偏移，使得第二轮廓的第二平面相对于第一轮廓形成肩部。
由于本发明，可以用固定阀的同一工具来将阀拧紧和拧开。这减少了操纵时间、所需工具的数量以及阀的掉落风险。
根据本发明的有利但可选方面，这种阀可以并入有以下特征中的一个或多个，这些特征以任意技术上可允许的组合来考虑：
-第一周边轮廓包括三个平面，并且第二周边轮廓包括与第一周边轮廓的三个平面对齐的三个平面以及相对于第一周边轮廓的三个平面成角度地偏移的三个平面。
本发明还涉及一种包括如上所述的阀的覆盖产品的涂敷系统。
本发明还涉及一种用于安装和拆卸如上所述的阀的专用工具，该专用工具包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为与在阀的周边部分上设置的突出或凹进形状协作，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动传递到阀，并且固定到阀。该工具的特征在于：工具的突出或凹进形状设置在工具的孔的内周面上，并且包括一个或几个平坦的周边表面以及工具的所述一个或几个平坦的周边表面的径向退回凹槽，该凹槽被构造为通过用工具固定阀而接收阀的一部分，并且凹槽包括弹性的周边元件，该元件对接收在凹槽中的阀的部分施加弹性轴向力。
【附图说明】
根据阀、根据其原理的用于涂敷覆盖产品的系统和工具的以下描述，将更好地理解本发明，并且将更清楚地显现本发明的其他优点，该以下描述作为非限制性示例并且参见附图来提供，附图中：
图1示出了安装在根据本发明的喷涂系统中的根据本发明的阀的剖视图。
图2是图1的阀和根据本发明的工具的立体图。
图3是从相对于图2相反的角度的阀的立体图。
图4是如图2所示的阀和工具的纵向剖视图。
图5是在安装构造中接合在工具中的阀的纵向剖视图。
图6是沿着平面VI的工具和阀的剖视图。
图7是沿着图8中的平面VII安装的阀和工具的剖视图。
图8是沿着安装好的阀和工具的平面VIII的纵向剖视图。
【具体实施方式】
图1示出了用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统2的一部分，例如，用于油漆、清漆、防腐覆盖物或任何其他可想到类型的产品的喷漆器。系统2包括安装在系统2的孔6中的阀4。
阀4包括主体8，该主体包括内中心孔口10和腔室12。孔口10和腔室12以中心轴线X为中心。在下文中，术语“轴向的”、“径向的”、“轴向地”、“径向地”参考中心轴线X来使用。
孔口10和腔室12流体连通。孔口10在孔6中在主体8的端面14处从主体8露出。
系统2包括在孔6中的流体进入管道16和延伸穿过孔6的流体排出管道18。在一些应用中，进入管道和排出管道可以颠倒。进入管道16和排出管道18主要用于覆盖产品的循环，但是其他流体，尤其是空气或清洁溶剂，也可以在进入管道16和排出管道18中循环。
在进入管道16与排出管道18之间，孔6包括座20，阀4的针22与该座20协作，以便封闭或允许覆盖产品沿着箭头F1从进入管道16到排出管道18的循环。在未示出的变型中，座20也可以直接在涂覆系统2的材料中加工。进入管道16连接到未示出的覆盖产品储存器或者泵，特别是“循环”类型的泵，并且排出管道18连接到未示出的涂敷或喷涂装置，诸如喷枪。
阀4包括由安装在内孔口10中的杆240和容纳在腔室12中的活塞头242形成的活塞24。杆240延伸到主体8的外部并支承针22。杆240旨在在孔6中沿着中心轴线X平移，加压的覆盖产品在孔6中沿着箭头F1循环。
阀4包括第一密封装置26，该第一密封装置在杆240延伸到主体8外部的阀4的一侧上围绕活塞杆240容纳在主体8中。第一密封装置26是动态密封件，该动态密封件使得可以防止覆盖产品在活塞杆240的平移移动期间朝向腔室12在活塞杆240与主体8之间渗透。
活塞头242具有垂直于中心轴线X的轴向表面244。活塞头242在裙部246中径向地延伸，裙部246中容纳有密封装置248，该密封装置248确保在活塞头242在腔室12中的平移移动期间，活塞头242与腔室12的内圆柱壁120之间的动态密封。密封装置246将腔室12分成流体隔离的两部分12A和12B，这是因为密封装置246防止流体在部分12A与12B之间围绕活塞头242循环。
腔室12的部分12A位于活塞杆240的侧面。轴向表面244位于部分12A中。喷涂系统2包括用于加压控制流体的进入管道28，该进入管道在主体8的周边凹槽30中露出。周边凹槽30通过轴向孔口32与部分12A连通。腔室12的部分12A预期填充有加压控制流体，例如，空气，以便控制活塞24的轴向移动。阀4包括安装在腔室12的部分12B中的弹簧34。弹簧34以中心轴线X为中心，并且对活塞头242施加弹性力，以便将其向下驱动，也就是说，将其推入到部分12A中。弹簧34抵靠活塞头242的一部分并且抵靠在阀4的塞子36上，该塞子被紧固到主体8并且拧紧在涂敷系统2中。
在经由管道28注入到部分12A中的压缩空气的控制作用下(箭头F2)，活塞24抵抗弹簧34的力通过由加压空气的压力对轴向表面244施加的力向上移动(箭头F3)。这导致将针22提离座20并允许覆盖产品通向排出管道18。
阀4包括第二密封装置38，该第二密封装置在第一密封装置26与腔室12之间围绕活塞杆240容纳在主体8中。该密封装置38是动态密封件，该动态密封件防止空气在活塞杆240的平移期间离开腔室12，而且防止其他流体进入部分12A，必须使加压控制空气回路免于外部流体(特别是覆盖产品)的任何侵入。
阀4还包括若干静态密封装置，它们确保孔6与主体8之间的紧密性。这些装置由容纳在主体8的凹槽中并抵靠孔6的O形环39形成，特别是确保围绕端面14在孔6与主体8之间的紧密性的O形环39A。
在第一密封装置26发生可能引起泄漏以及覆盖产品朝向腔室12的流入的故障的情况下，阀4包括通气管道40，该通气管道使得可以将已经泄漏的覆盖产品朝向与腔室12的部分12A分开的位置排出。
通气管道40设置在活塞杆240中，并且与第一密封装置26和第二密封装置38之间的内中心孔口10连通，并且在露天或与露天连通的腔室12的部分中露出。通气管道40由包围在形成活塞杆240的材料中的管道形成。由此，通气孔40设置在阀4本身中，这在涂敷系统2中不需要通气通道。无需干预涂敷系统即可更换有缺陷的阀。
在一个实施方式中，通气管道40与活塞24的中心轴线X同轴。通气管道40包括至少一个径向孔口42，该至少一个径向孔口在内中心孔口10的腔44中露出，该腔轴向地位于第一密封装置26与第二密封装置38之间。由此，穿过第一密封装置26的覆盖产品的任何泄漏都累积在腔44中，然后沿着箭头F4经由径向孔口42重新接合到通气管道40。通气管道40可以包括围绕中心轴线X分布的若干径向孔口42。
阀4包括指示器46，该指示器46由固定到活塞24的部分形成，并且被构造为基于活塞24的轴向位置突出到主体8的外部。指示器46是圆柱形部分，该圆柱形部分与中心轴线X同轴，被紧固到活塞头242，并且插入到塞子36的孔360中。当在压缩控制空气的作用下将活塞24向上推时，指示器46突出到塞子36的外部，并且从外部可见。
在所例示的示例中，通气管道40在穿过指示器46的穿孔460中延伸，因此，已经通过通气管道40泄漏的覆盖产品沿着箭头F4排出到露天地方。因此，如果第一密封装置26出故障，则覆盖产品泄漏通过活塞杆240、然后指示器46(即，阀4的部件)排出到露天地方，而不通过喷涂装置2。这不需要在泄漏的情况下必须清洁的特殊阀。此外，覆盖产品经由通气孔40定向为远离部分12A，以防止污染控制空气回路。
根据未示出的一个变型，通气管道40不能与中心轴线X同轴，并且不能穿过指示器46以将覆盖产品排出到露天中。例如，通气管道可以遵循活塞杆240和活塞头242内部的路径，该路径在腔室12的部分12B中露出。部分12B经由塞子36的孔360与露天连通，指示器46沿着中心轴线X滑动通过孔360。因此，覆盖产品可以经由孔360从部分12B排出。一定量泄漏的覆盖产品可以累积在指示器46和弹簧34周围，并且有利地将阀4堵塞在关闭位置。部分12A通过动态密封装置248保持免受覆盖产品泄漏的影响。阀4在关闭位置的堵塞导致迅速指示阀4的故障。
根据未示出的变型，指示器46也可以不与中心轴线X同轴。指示器46也可以不是与活塞24分开的部分。指示器和活塞24可以是一体的并且形成自始至终被径向孔口42与塞子36处的露天地方之间的通气管道40通过的整体部分。
根据一个可选方面，阀4可以包括在孔6与腔44之间穿过主体8的穿孔500。穿孔500的开口相对于端面14设置在密封件39A的后面。由此，在密封件39A处出现密封问题的情况下，在主体8的外表面与孔6之间的泄漏通过穿孔500引导并且沿着箭头F5朝向腔44且然后朝向径向孔口42和通气管道40定向。
参见图2至图8，描述了阀4的另一方面、用于安装和拆卸阀4的工具52以及该工具52的操作。
阀4包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，该突出或凹进形状被构造为与工具52的突出或凹进形状协作。这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动传递到阀4，并在阀4的拆卸期间固定到工具52。周边部分由具有图3所示的特定形状的塞子54形成，并且该塞子的主要功能类似于图1的塞子36的功能：塞子54被紧固到主体8并拧紧在涂敷系统2中。为此，塞子54包括外螺纹540。
设置在塞子54上的突出或中空形状包括周边轮廓542和周边轮廓544，该周边轮廓544相对于阀4的外端546位于周边轮廓542的后面，该外端由塞子54的轴向表面支承。周边轮廓542和544沿着轴线X分级，周边轮廓542最靠近端546。
周边轮廓542具有三个平面542A，这些表面平行于轴线X延伸，并且形成了塞子54的圆柱形状的断裂。周边轮廓544包括与周边轮廓542的三个平面542A对齐的三个平面544A以及相对于三个平面542A成角度地偏移的三个平面544B。“对齐”意指平面544A至少部分地位于沿着平面542A的轴线X的延伸中并形成相同的平面。“成角度地偏移”意指表面544B位于相对于平面542A在其中延伸的角扇区偏移的角扇区中，使得由平面542A和544B形成的各个平面是正割的。该角偏移使得平面544B可以形成相对于周边轮廓542凹进的轴向肩部545。如图3所示，平面544B从周边轮廓542的圆柱部分退回。
工具52包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，该形状被构造为与设置在阀4的塞子上的突出或凹进形状协作。工具52的这些突出或凹进形状被构造为在阀4的安装或拆卸期间，将旋转移动传递到阀4并固定到阀4。
工具52沿着中心轴线X52延伸，并且包括手柄520和具有孔524的端件522。工具52的突出或中空形状设置在孔524的内周面524A上。内周面524A包括三个平坦的周边表面526，其等于阀4的周边轮廓542的平面542A的数量。平面526以与表面542A平行于轴线X相同的方式平行于轴线X52。周边表面524A还包括从平坦的周边表面526径向地退回的凹槽528。凹槽528相对于工具52的前端530位于平面526的后面。凹槽528形成轴向的肩部527，该肩部被构造为通过固定阀4与工具52来接收阀4的一部分。
凹槽528包括弹性元件529，当阀4被接收在工具52中时，该弹性元件529针对阀4的被接收在凹槽528中的部分施加沿着轴线X52定向的弹性力。该弹性元件529可以例如是O形环。在未示出的变型中，该弹性元件也可以是螺旋弹簧或锁紧垫圈(贝氏垫圈)。
在未示出的变型中，周边轮廓542可以包括不同数量的平面，更通常地，至少一个平面。同样地，周边轮廓544可以具有与周边轮廓542的平面对齐的若干个平面(其数量不同于三个，更通常是至少一个)和相对于周边轮廓542的平面成角度偏移的至少一个平面。如同周边轮廓542和544的平面一样，工具52可以具有数量不同于三个的平面526，更通常是至少一个平面。
下文将描述具有阀4的工具52的操作。图4、图5以及图6示出了阀4在其壳体中的安装。将阀4定位在其孔6中，然后使工具52更靠近阀4，使得轴线X和X52被组合(图4)。
当将端件522推入到塞子54中(图5)使得周边轮廓542至少部分地与平面526轴向对齐时，平面542A和544A通过与平面526平面接触来协作(图6，其中省略了弹性元件529)。因此，通过沿着箭头R1向工具52给予旋转拧紧移动，操作者可以将阀4拧入孔6中。
当操作者希望拧开阀4并去除阀时，他将工具52更深地推入，使得弹性元件529被压碎。周边轮廓542与凹槽528轴向对齐(图8)。接下来，操作者沿着箭头R2在拧开方向上施加旋转，使得表面526绕轴线X枢转，直到它们与平面544B平面接触为止(图7)。该旋转由以下事实允许：周边轮廓544在平面544A和544B的交界处具有允许在拧开方向上旋转的磨圆表面544C。
在这种构造中，通过将工具52的平面526插入到由周边轮廓544形成的退回的凸起中，将周边轮廓542堵塞在凹槽528中。然后，工具52的肩部527在轴向上与阀4的肩部545相对，并且防止工具52从阀4去除。由弹性元件529施加的弹性力趋向于将阀4推回到孔544外部，因此，锁定肩部527和545之间的接触。阀4和工具52然后形成一体组件。阀4和工具52形成“卡口”组件。
通过继续沿拧开方向旋转，操作者在表面526和544B之间施加平面接触，该接触使得可以拧开阀4。一旦将阀从孔6拧出，就可以轻松地去除阀4，即使是从难以到达的位置，因为阀4保持附接至工具52的端件522。阀4保持固定至工具52且不存在掉落的风险。
在将阀4组装在难以到达的位置期间，也可以使用将阀4附接到端件522的这种可能性。操作者可以在安装之前通过将阀4推入孔524中且然后沿拧开方向转动阀4来将阀4紧固到工具52。在将阀4安装在其孔6中之后，操作者然后沿拧紧方向转动工具52。然后，阀4将自由旋转并自行拧紧，直到拧紧遇到阻力为止。然后，工具52的旋转扭矩克服由弹性元件施加的力，并且工具52相对于阀4旋转，直到获得表面526与表面542A和544A的协作为止。然后可以继续拧紧，直到锁定为止。
因此，工具52和设置在阀4上的凹进/突出的突起使得可以使用相同的工具来安装和拆卸阀。如果允许安装和拆卸的装置都设置在工具52的同一端件522上，则不必旋转它以便执行任何一种操作。通过卡口组件固定阀4和工具52的可能性使得可以在难以到达的位置容易地安装或拆卸阀4。与已知的技术不同，阀的拧开及其去除尤其可以在单个操作中进行，在已知的技术中，用两种不同的工具进行拧开和去除，如果阀门未充分拧开，则两种工具有时需要繁重的更换。
在权利要求的上下文中，可以组合上述实施方式和另选方案的特征，以形成本发明的新实施方式。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于涂敷覆盖产品的系统(2)的阀(4)，该阀包括在周边部分上的突出或凹进形状，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为与专用安装和拆卸工具(52)的突出或凹进形状协作，所述阀的这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动(R1、R2)传递到所述阀(4)，并且固定到所述工具(52)，所述阀的特征在于：所述阀的所述突出或凹进形状包括具有至少一个平面(542A)的第一周边轮廓(542)以及相对于所述阀(4)的外端(546)位于所述第一轮廓(542)后面的第二周边轮廓(544)，并且所述第二轮廓(544)具有：至少一个第一平面(544A)，该至少一个第一平面与所述第一轮廓(542)的所述平面(542A)对齐；以及至少一个第二平面(544B)，该至少一个第二平面相对于所述第一轮廓(542)的所述平面(542A)成角度地偏移，使得所述第二轮廓(544)的所述第二平面(544B)相对于所述第一轮廓(542)形成肩部(545)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阀，特征在于：所述第一周边轮廓(542)包括三个平面(542A)，并且所述第二周边轮廓(544)包括与所述第一周边轮廓(542)的所述三个平面(542A)对齐的三个平面(544A)以及相对于所述第一周边轮廓(542)的所述三个平面(542A)成角度地偏移的三个平面(544B)。
3.一种覆盖产品的涂敷系统(2)，该涂覆系统包括根据前述权利要求中任意一项的阀(4)。
4.一种用于安装和拆卸根据权利要求1和2中的一项的阀的专用工具(52)，该专用工具包括在周边部分(522)上的突出或凹进形状，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为与在所述阀(4)的所述周边部分上设置的所述突出或凹进形状协作，这些突出或凹进形状被构造为将旋转移动(R1、R2)传递到所述阀(4)，并且固定到所述阀(4)，所述工具(52)的所述突出或凹进形状设置在所述工具(52)的孔(524)的内周面(524A)上，并且包括一个或几个平坦的周边表面(526)以及所述工具(52)的所述一个或几个平坦的周边表面(526)的径向退回凹槽(528)，该凹槽(528)被构造为通过用所述工具(52)固定所述阀(4)而接收所述阀(4)的一部分，所述工具的特征在于：所述凹槽(528)包括弹性的周边元件(529)，该元件对接收在所述凹槽(528)中的所述阀(4)的所述部分施加弹性轴向力。
CN202010904840.6A 2019-09-02 2020-09-01 阀、包括这种阀的用于涂覆覆盖产品的系统以及专用安装和拆卸工具 Active CN112439641B (zh)

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