CN112374945A

CN112374945A - Multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN112374945A
Application number: CN202011266838.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祁文刚; 竭静晶
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-13
Filing date: 2020-11-13
Publication date: 2021-02-19

Abstract

A multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer relates to a fertilizer and aims to solve the problems that a common fertilizer is low in utilization rate, easy to volatilize and cause soil hardening, topdressing is needed to meet the requirement of crop growth, and the labor intensity and the planting cost are increased. The fertilizer is prepared by evenly mixing and stirring 32-49 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 21-24 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 17-21 parts of potash fertilizer, 9-19 parts of amino acid organic particles, 1.8-2 parts of urease inhibitor, 1.2-1.5 parts of active silicon and 0.5 part of phosphorus activator. The invention inhibits the activity of urease by urease inhibitor, improves the activity of nitrobacteria in soil, accelerates the transformation of nitrogen fertilizer, artificially delays the nutrient release peak period of the nitrogen fertilizer so as to lead the nutrient release peak period to be close to and coincident with the nutrient absorption period of crops, further prolongs the effective period of the nitrogen fertilizer and improves the utilization rate. The phosphorus activator is added to activate and release phosphorus in the soil, so that the phosphorus in the fertilizer is protected, soil hardening caused by fixation is prevented, the effectiveness of the fertilizer is kept longer, and the utilization rate of the crops for effectively absorbing the phosphorus is improved.

Description

Multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fertilizer, in particular to a multifunctional topless fertilizer.

Background

China is a big agricultural country, chemical fertilizers have been used for decades, and the purpose of using chemical fertilizers is to supplement nutrients needed by crops by using chemical fertilizers, but the soil cannot provide sufficient and complete nutrients for supplying the nutrients needed by the crops. The use rate of common fertilizers gradually increases along with the service life because available nutrients in soil are less and less. The utilization rate of common chemical fertilizers is not high, the utilization rate of common compound fertilizers is about 30%, most of fertilizers are wasted greatly, and for example, nitrogen fertilizers volatilize in the air and pollute the environment along with rainwater loss. The common phosphate fertilizer has the lowest utilization rate and more residues, and is fixed in soil for a long time, so that the soil is hardened and the growth of crops is not facilitated. The common fertilizer has quick-acting performance, and multiple times of fertilizer application are needed in actual field use of crops which grow for a long time to meet the requirement of crop growth, so that the labor intensity and the planting cost are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer, aiming at solving the problems that the utilization rate of common fertilizers is low, the fertilizers are easy to volatilize, soil hardening is caused, topdressing is needed to meet the requirement of crop growth, and the labor intensity and the planting cost are increased.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring 32-49 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 21-24 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 17-21 parts of potassium fertilizer, 9-19 parts of amino acid organic particles, 1.8-2 parts of urease inhibitor, 1.2-1.5 parts of active silicon and 0.5 part of phosphorus activator.

Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is 36-41 parts.

Preferably, the potassium fertilizer is 18-21 parts.

Preferably, 21-23 parts of the phosphate fertilizer.

Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is large granular urea with 46 percent of national standard total available nutrient.

Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer is diammonium granules with 57% of national standard total available nutrients.

Preferably, the potash fertilizer is raw ore granular potassium chloride with 60% of national standard total available nutrient.

Preferably, the active silicon is active silicon powder with the raw mineral powder calcined and purified content of 36 percent of the active ingredient.

Preferably, the amino acid organic particles contain 22-28% of organic matters, 12% of nitrogen elements, 0.8% of phosphorus elements, 3% of potassium elements, 4-6% of amino acid organic components and trace elements in carbon, sulfur, zinc and manganese.

Preferably, the mass fraction of the nitrogen element is 22-24%, the mass fraction of the phosphorus element is 10%, and the mass fraction of the potassium element is 11-13%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention inhibits the activity of urease through urease inhibitor, improves the activity of nitrobacteria in soil, accelerates the transformation of nitrogen fertilizer, artificially delays the nutrient release peak period of the nitrogen fertilizer so as to enable the nutrient release peak period to be close to and coincident with the nutrient absorption period of crops, further prolongs the effective period of the nitrogen fertilizer and improves the utilization rate. The phosphorus activator is added to activate and release phosphorus in the soil, so that the phosphorus in the fertilizer is protected, soil hardening caused by fixation is prevented, the effectiveness of the fertilizer is kept longer, and the utilization rate of the crops for effectively absorbing the phosphorus is improved.

After one-time fertilization, the fertilizer can lead crops to have the characteristics of early maturity and high yield, and can effectively reduce the cost of fertilization and the labor intensity, thereby reducing the planting cost.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1: the embodiment relates to a multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer which is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring 32-49 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 21-24 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 17-21 parts of a potassium fertilizer, 9-19 parts of amino acid organic particles, 1.8-2 parts of a urease inhibitor, 1.2-1.5 parts of active silicon and 0.5 part of a phosphorus activator in parts by weight.

In the embodiment, 1.8-2 parts of urease inhibitor can effectively improve the conversion of the nitrogen fertilizer and absorb the nitrogen fertilizer for crops, and when the content of the urease inhibitor is lower than the proportion, the nitrogen fertilizer is volatilized and part of the nitrogen fertilizer is not fully converted; when the content of the urease inhibitor is higher than the mixture ratio, the nitrogen fertilizer can be rapidly decomposed and cannot be fully utilized by plants. The urease inhibitor is applied, so that nitrogen in soil can be solidified, the damage of urea to seedlings can be reduced, and the nitrogen absorption of crops can be improved.

The active silicon has the functions of improving the toughness of the cellulose vessel wall of the crops, strengthening and thickening the cellulose vessel wall, facilitating the transportation of nutrition, resisting the lodging of the crops and additionally increasing the taste and the quality of the fruits.

Optionally, the nitrogen fertilizer is large-particle urea with 46% of national standard total available nutrient, and the urease inhibitor can delay the hydrolysis of the urea and reduce the volatilization loss of ammonia.

Optionally, the phosphate fertilizer is diammonium granules with 57% of national standard total available nutrients.

Optionally, the potash fertilizer is raw ore granular potassium chloride with 60% of national standard total available nutrient.

Optionally, the active silicon is active silicon powder with the raw mineral powder calcined and purified content of 36% of the active ingredient.

Optionally, the amino acid organic particles contain 22% -28% of organic matters, 12% of nitrogen elements, 0.8% of phosphorus elements, 3% of potassium elements, 4% -6% of amino acid organic components and trace elements in carbon, sulfur, zinc and manganese.

As a planting base fertilizer for corn crops, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably 44 parts, the phosphate fertilizer is 18 parts, the potassium is 19 parts, the amino acid organic particles are 19 parts, the urease inhibitor is 2 parts, the active silicon is 1.5 parts and the phosphorus activator is 0.5 part in the proportion.

The table is a comparison table of corn field application and common fertilizer growth and maturation period and yield, and the planting area is the China Mobile agriculture. As can be seen from the table I, when the method is applied to corn planting, under the conditions of the same seed variety and the same plant spacing, the value of corn added per square meter is 1.22kg, the yield of 1 hectare of land is increased by about 1220kg, the yield after one-time fertilization is higher than that of 2-time fertilization of a common chemical fertilizer, the crops can be matured early, and the labor intensity and the planting cost are reduced.

The expression of the invention applied to the corn crops is as follows: the plant has developed root system and strong drought resistance and water retention capacity, and the phosphorus activator promotes the growth of phosphate fertilizer on the root system of crops. The fertilizer efficiency can be prolonged to 130-138 days, and farmers do not need to fertilize for many times.

Watch 1

Example 2: the embodiment relates to a multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer which is prepared by uniformly mixing 36-41 parts by weight of a nitrogen fertilizer, 21-23 parts by weight of a phosphate fertilizer, 18-21 parts by weight of a potassium fertilizer, 9-19 parts by weight of amino acid organic particles, 1.8-2 parts by weight of a urease inhibitor, 1.2-1.5 parts by weight of active silicon and 0.5 part by weight of a phosphorus activator.

Optionally, the nitrogen fertilizer is large granular urea with 46% of national standard total available nutrient.

The active silicon is active silicon powder with the raw mineral powder quality of which the calcination purification content is 36 percent of the effective component.

In order to ensure the normal growth of crops, organic fertilizers are required to be added, wherein the amino acid organic particles contain 22-28% of organic matters, 12% of nitrogen elements, 0.8% of phosphorus elements, 3% of potassium elements, 4-6% of amino acid organic components and trace elements in carbon, sulfur, zinc and manganese.

The second is that the actual application of the paddy field is compared with the common fertilizer, and the planting area is the farm in the Hulin city of the Heilongjiang province. As can be seen from the table II, when the method is applied to rice planting, sufficient base fertilizer is applied to rice once, and no fertilizer is applied; the rice in cold regions turns green quickly because the product contains fertilizer which can promote the rice to absorb quickly; the early maturing and early ring pressing are promoted, the effective accumulated temperature is greatly improved due to quick green returning, the rice yield is high, the growth cycle of crops is relatively shortened, and under the condition of balanced and sufficient nutrition, the rice grains at the tail end branches of the rice can be completely matured, so that the rice yield is high, and the yield is increased. Compared with the common chemical fertilizer, the rice yield of the same variety of rice seeds in the same natural environment is higher than 5% of that of the common chemical fertilizer, the crops can be matured, the common chemical fertilizer is applied for 4 times, the chemical fertilizer is applied only once, the yield is improved, and meanwhile, the labor intensity and the planting cost are reduced.

Optionally, in example 1 and example 2, no matter what fertilizer mixture ratio is used for the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer, the mass fraction of nitrogen element can be 22% -24%, the mass fraction of phosphorus element can be 10%, and the mass fraction of potassium element can be 11% -13%.

When the crop is corn, the mass fraction of nitrogen element is preferably 24%, the mass fraction of phosphorus element is preferably 10%, and the mass fraction of potassium element is preferably 11%; when the crop is rice, the mass fraction of nitrogen is preferably 22%, the mass fraction of phosphorus is preferably 10%, and the mass fraction of potassium is preferably 13%.

The phosphorus fertilizer in examples 1 and 2 can be replaced by diammonium granules.

Test data also show that the yield of the rape is obviously improved by different contents of urease inhibitors, the yield of the rape is improved by about 30 percent when the urease inhibitors are added by 0.5 percent, 1 percent, 1.5 percent, 2 percent and 2.5 percent of the pure nitrogen, the accumulation of nitrate by 4.19 to 32.63 percent is reduced, and the utilization rate of nitrogen elements is improved by 5.65 percent when the urease inhibitors are added by 0.5 percent of the pure nitrogen.

The first table and the second table are combined, and the corn crop and the rice crop are compared, so that the corn crop and the rice crop are found to have the characteristics of early maturity and high yield after one-time fertilization, the fertilization cost and the labor intensity can be effectively reduced, and the planting cost is further reduced.

Watch two

The invention is used as a base fertilizer for field crops and economic crops. According to the growth nutrition requirements of different crops, three major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are taken as carriers, the proportion is strictly divided, urease inhibitor, phosphorus activator, amino acid, active silicon and other medium and trace elements are added, the materials are uniformly stirred and combined, the materials can be quickly dissolved, the small molecular form is combined with soil molecular group molecules, the nutrients in the soil are supplemented, and the residual phosphorus elements are activated. The fertilizer has the advantages of long fertilizer effect period of about 130 days, capability of meeting the requirement of crops in the growth period, no need of additional fertilizer in the later period of applying base fertilizer (base fertilizer) once, reduction of field labor intensity and fertilization times, and improvement of the fertilizer utilization rate by 25-30%. The fertilizer is an energy-saving and environment-friendly functional topdressing-free fertilizer, and is free from the conditions of weather temperature, soil environment, air humidity and the like to limit the release of nutrients. The invention is suitable for field crops such as rice, corn, wheat, soybean grains and the like and economic crops such as fruit trees, potatoes, Chinese herbal medicines and the like.

While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific examples thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring 32-49 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 21-24 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 17-21 parts of potassium fertilizer, 9-19 parts of amino acid organic particles, 1.8-2 parts of urease inhibitor, 1.2-1.5 parts of active silicon and 0.5 part of phosphorus activator.

2. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is 36-41 parts.

3. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 2, wherein the potassium fertilizer is 18-21 parts.

4. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 3, wherein 21-23 parts of phosphate fertilizer is used.

5. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is large granular urea with 46% of national standard total available nutrient.

6. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is diammonium granules with 57% of national standard total available nutrients.

7. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the potassium fertilizer is raw ore granular potassium chloride with 60% of national standard total available nutrient.

8. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active silicon is active silicon powder with the calcined and purified content of raw mineral powder being 36% of the active ingredient.

9. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the amino acid organic granules contain 22-28% of organic matters, 12% of nitrogen elements, 0.8% of phosphorus elements, 3% of potassium elements, 4-6% of amino acid organic components and trace elements in carbon, sulfur, zinc and manganese.

10. The multifunctional topdressing-free fertilizer of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the mass fraction of nitrogen element is 22% -24%, the mass fraction of phosphorus element is 10%, and the mass fraction of potassium element is 11% -13%.