New sustained release paddy rice is topdressed composition and method of making the same
Technical field
The invention belongs to slow release fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and topdress composition and method of making the same.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is as the nutrient source required for plant growth, and fertilizer utilization only has about 35%, therefore, improves utilization rate of fertilizer and is of great significance the pollution tool of environment for minimizing.In recent years, new-type fertilizer obtains extensive concern, compared with common fertilizer, sustained-controll-release fertiliser can regulate nutrients release automatically according to crop demand, namely can not discharge deficiency causes plant nutrient to lack, also can not discharge and excessively cause nutrient loss and waste, significantly improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, decrease the consumption of fertilizer; Also can reduce fertilizer application frequency further, save labour; Can diseases and pests of agronomic crop be alleviated simultaneously, there is plurality of advantages such as improving quality of agricultural product; Therefore, sustained-controll-release fertiliser became country in recent years and Ministry of Agriculture's emphasis promotes one of fertilizer, is one of main products of following chemical fertilizer sales volume growth.
Paddy rice has the important physiological periods of three need fertilizer in process of growth: period of seedling establishment, tillering phase and panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage.In traditional fertilization mode, fertilization of rice mode is on the basis using sufficient base manure, topdresses emphatically, wherein attaches most importance to ear manuer.As mentioned in " Rice Cropping and the fertilizer practice " of Su Baohua, Zhang Yan, transplanting after turning green and using tillering fertilizer early, to promote the growth tillered in low joint position, play and increase fringe effect.The general application in two dressings of tillering fertilizer, first time, second time was at tillering regularity after turning green, to be formed and Grain Development topdresses period again at Rice Panicle, guarantee that paddy rice mid-term, enough nutrient turned to reproductive growth, increase floret bears amount, prevent grain husk flower from degenerating, the short large grain weight of fringe.From heading to ripening period, mend granules application fertile, improve setting percentage, guarantee fully matured, increase thousand seed weight.Although traditional fertilization mode has certain advantage, the shortcoming of this mode is also clearly.Traditional fertilization mode has following shortcoming: topdress often, and cost drops into high, and labour intensity is large, also easy contaminate environment.The trend developed along with China's concentration of landholdingsization and cost of labor progressively increase, need the novel fertilizer of research and development and fertilising mode of operation badly, can promote that paddy rice turns green rapidly, tiller, Later Stage of Rice growth can be met again to the disposable problem of topdressing of the whole process of the demand of nutrient, adapt to the change of planting environment.
Through finding the literature search of prior art, Chinese patent literature CN104447131A(application number 201310414284.4) disclose special-purpose control-release fertilizer of a kind of paddy rice and preparation method thereof, thermoplasticity being moulded fat coating controlled-release fertilizer, Usual sulphur coated fertilizer, readily avaiable fertilizer etc. carries out composite, be manured into soil with disposable before rice transplanting, realize single fertilization.But this fertilizer applies as base manure is disposable, though have slow controlled-release effect, but easily there is crack because envelope mass is poor or coating is uneven in the coating of the sulfur-coated urea of routine, affect slow release effect, release period is not accurate, release period is short, easy appearance release in early stage fertilizer is too much, and later stage fertilizer not foot phenomenon, can not meet single fertilization, also need to topdress, this technology is promoted also substantially failed in China; In addition, the fertilizer that this patent discloses belongs to base manure, but not topdresses.
In addition, Chinese patent literature CN104945090A(201510297783.9) disclose a kind of paddy rice fertilizer that effectively can improve output, by urea, sulfuric acid cuts with scissors, phosphoric acid one cuts with scissors, Repone K, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphorus, soluble silicon, amino acid, humic acid 5-30, trace element, activator, moisture, additive combination form, although the output of paddy rice effectively can be improved, but the fertilizer that this patent discloses does not belong to slow release fertilizer, omnidistance disposable problem of topdressing cannot be solved.
Applicant also finds, Chinese patent literature CN101177367A(200710113496.3) disclose special controlled release fertilizer for rice, thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, sulfur coating urea, Repone K composite fertilizer, Repone K and zinc sulfate are carried out composite, form special controlled release fertilizer for rice, in its formula, the quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer of 25-35% absorbs to tillering phase for transplanting, the sulphur coated urea of 55-65% is that Spike development supplies nitrogen nutrition to heading stage, and 10% urea nutrition is that late growth stage of rice utilizes; But the fertilizer that this patent discloses is paddy rice base fertilizer, can not as the use of topdressing of paddy rice, the rate of fertilizer of this patent is large, and every mu of need use more than 50 kilograms, and use cost is higher; In addition, the fertilizer of this patent belongs to base manure, does not belong to and topdresses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of new sustained release paddy rice to topdress composition and method of making the same.The new sustained release paddy rice of the present invention composition that topdresses has unique formula, containing amidonitrogen or ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen and the long-acting resin-coated amidonitrogen of having immediate effect in composition of the present invention, the low temperature instant effect of quick-acting acid amides state or ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen can be given full play to, promote that rice root is many, it is many to tiller; Long-acting anti-floating resin urea, resin Repone K effectively can overcome the short shortcoming of the quick-acting fertilizer efficiencies such as urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus or nitric acid phosphorus, strengthen the result of use of fertilizer; Fertilizer of the present invention effectively can reduce the number of times that topdresses of paddy rice, reduces the cost that topdresses; Quick-acting fertilizer is creatively fully combined with slow released fertilizer by the present invention, and before rice tillering, disposable applying effectively can ensure the demand of Later Stage of Rice growth to fertilizer, does not need secondary to topdress, realizes disposable topdressing, have significant result of use and economic benefit.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme,
First aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition, described composition comprises each component of following weight percent:
Nitrogenous fertilizer 10%-70%,
Granulated phosphate fertilizer 0%-30%,
Granular potash fertilizer 0%-30%,
Granular zinc sulfate is 0-2%,
Particle boron is 0-1%,
Release period is the anti-floating resin urea of 20-140 days is 10%-90%, wherein N content >=42%;
Release period is within 60-120 days, prevent that floating resin Repone K is 0-20%, wherein K content >=56%.
Preferably, described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus or nitric acid phosphorus.
Preferably, the content of described ammonium nitrate phosphorus is 30-4-0, nitrate nitrogen content >=14%; Or content is 32-2-0, nitrate nitrogen content >=15%.
Preferably, the content of described nitric acid phosphorus is 26.5-11.5-0, nitrate nitrogen content >=13%; Or content is 25-15-0, nitrate nitrogen content >=12%; Or content is 25-10-0, nitrate nitrogen content >=12%.
Preferably, described granulated phosphate fertilizer is particle one ammonium or particle two ammonium.
Preferably, described granular potash fertilizer is granule potassium chloride, granular potassium sulfate or particle saltpetre.
Preferably, the Zn content of described granular zinc sulfate is 25%-35%.
Preferably, the Boron contents of described particle boron is 8%-15%.
Preferably, the described new sustained release paddy rice composition that topdresses comprises each component of following weight percent:
Urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus or nitric acid phosphorus are 30%-40%,
Granulated phosphate fertilizer 0%-30%,
Granular potash fertilizer 0%-30%,
Granular zinc sulfate is 0-2%,
Particle boron is 0-1%,
Release period is the anti-floating resin urea of 20-140 days is 40%-60%, wherein N content >=42%;
Release period is within 60-120 days, prevent that floating resin Repone K is 0%-20%, wherein K content >=56%.
Second aspect, the invention still further relates to aforementioned new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition, the preparation method of described composition comprises the steps: that percentage ratio gets each component by weight, stirs afterwards, mixes, to obtain final product in stirrer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Fertilizer of the present invention changes traditional Rice Cropping fertilising mode of operation, during grower's rice cultivation, first uses base manure (as 15-15-15), re-uses fertilizer of the present invention; The tradition number of times that topdresses needs repeatedly to carry out, wherein hybridisation rice 2-3 time, and japonica rice or super hybridization rice need more than 3 times, and the present invention effectively can reduce the number of times that topdresses, and can reduce nearly 2-3 time; Greatly reduce the cost of labor of fertilising;
Term Fertilization of the present invention is simple, is beneficial to popularization; Rice Cropping person compares the existing fertilising custom of custom, and Term Fertilization of the present invention can not change the fertilising custom of existing grower, is beneficial to popularization and grower's acceptance; The Controlled Release Fertilizer that single fertilization does not topdress executed by traditional base simultaneously, and technical requirements is high, dangerous, cycle of promoting in practice is very long, and grower's acceptance level reduces, and the present invention then overcomes this technical problem completely, low to technical requirements, risk is very little, is beneficial to very much and promotes the use of;
The consumption of every mu, fertilizer of the present invention is only 10-30 kilogram, and relative to existing Fertilizer application amount, consumption greatly reduces, and significantly reduces the fertilising cost of grower.The Controlled Release Fertilizer that single fertilization does not topdress executed by employing base, and rate of fertilizer application is comparatively large, and every mu of fertilising used in amounts reaches more than 50 kilograms usually, and fertilizer cost is high, and grower drops into costly, present invention significantly reduces fertilising cost, has significant technique effect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
In following examples, the various components used all can be obtained by commercially available open channel:
Content is the ammonium nitrate phosphorus of 30-4-0 or 32-2-0, and Shanxi Tianjimei Chemical Group Co., Ltd produces and sells; Wherein the expression implication of content is the general knowledge of this area.
Content is the nitric acid phosphorus of 26.5-11.5-0,25-15-0,25-10-0, Shanxi Tianjimei Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
Granulated phosphate fertilizer is particle one ammonium or particle two ammonium, and Guizhou Wengfu group company produces and sells.
Granular potash fertilizer is granule potassium chloride, granular potassium sulfate or particle saltpetre, Qinghai Salt Lake potash fertilizer limited-liability company.
Granular zinc sulfate, particle boron, An Huimao executes new-type fertilizer company limited product and sells.
Release period is the anti-floating resin urea of 20-140 days, and Shandong Moith Ecological Fertilizers Co., Ltd. produces and sells.
Release period is within 60-120 days, prevent floating resin Repone K, and Shandong Moith Ecological Fertilizers Co., Ltd. produces and sells.
The per-cent related in following examples is all weight percentage.
embodiment 1-7
Embodiment 1-7 relates separately to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition and method of making the same; Raw material and the weight percentage of the composition related in each embodiment are as shown in table 1.The preparation method of described composition, comprises the steps: that percentage ratio gets each component by weight, stirs afterwards, mixes, to obtain final product in stirrer.
table 1
embodiment 8
The present embodiment relates to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition and method of making the same.The new sustained release paddy rice that the present invention relates to is topdressed composition, comprises each component of following parts by weight:
Content is 50 parts, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus of 32-4-0,
Particle one ammonium (11-44-0) 5 parts,
Release period is 43 parts, the anti-floating urea (N >=42%) of 40 days,
Granular zinc sulfate 2 parts.
Above-mentioned each raw material is put into stirrer be uniformly mixed, obtain new sustained release (40 days) paddy rice that content is 35-4-0 and topdress.
embodiment 9
The present embodiment relates to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition and method of making the same.The new sustained release paddy rice that the present invention relates to is topdressed composition, comprises each component of following parts by weight:
Content is 30 parts, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus of 32-4-0,
Particle one ammonium (11-44-0) 7 parts,
Release period is 20 parts, the anti-floating urea (N >=42%) of 40 days,
Release period is the anti-floating resin urea (N >=42%) 41 parts of 120 days,
Granular zinc sulfate 2 parts.
Above-mentioned each raw material is put into stirrer be uniformly mixed, obtaining content is that the new disposable paddy rice of 37-4-0 is topdressed.
embodiment 10
The present embodiment relates to a kind of new sustained release paddy rice and to topdress composition and method of making the same.The new sustained release paddy rice that the present invention relates to is topdressed composition, comprises each component of following parts by weight:
Content is 30 parts, the ammonium nitrate phosphorus of 32-4-0,
Release period is 20 parts, the anti-floating urea (N >=42%) of 40 days,
Release period is 33 parts, the anti-floating urea (N >=42%) of 120 days,
Release period is 120 days anti-floating resin Repone K (K >=56%) 15 parts,
Granular zinc sulfate 2 parts.
Above-mentioned each raw material is put into stirrer be uniformly mixed, obtaining content is that the new disposable paddy rice of 32-1-8 is topdressed.
embodiment 11, implementation result
Fertilizer prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11 changes traditional Rice Cropping fertilising mode of operation, during grower's rice cultivation, first uses base manure (as 15-15-15), re-uses fertilizer prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11; The tradition number of times that topdresses needs repeatedly to carry out, wherein hybridisation rice 2-3 time, and japonica rice or super hybridization rice need more than 3 times, and fertilizer prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11 effectively can reduce the number of times that topdresses, and can reduce nearly 2-3 time; Greatly reduce the cost of labor of fertilising;
Term Fertilization prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11 is simple, is beneficial to popularization; Rice Cropping person compares the existing fertilising custom of custom, and Term Fertilization prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11 can not change the fertilising custom of existing grower, is beneficial to popularization and grower's acceptance; The Controlled Release Fertilizer that single fertilization does not topdress executed by traditional base simultaneously, and technical requirements is high, dangerous, cycle of promoting in practice is very long, and grower's acceptance level reduces, and the present invention then overcomes this technical problem completely, low to technical requirements, risk is very little, is beneficial to very much and promotes the use of;
The consumption of every mu, fertilizer prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-11 is only 10-30 kilogram, and relative to existing Fertilizer application amount, consumption greatly reduces, and significantly reduces the fertilising cost of grower.The Controlled Release Fertilizer that single fertilization does not topdress executed by employing base, and rate of fertilizer application is comparatively large, and every mu of fertilising used in amounts reaches more than 50 kilograms usually, and fertilizer cost is high, and grower drops into costly, present invention significantly reduces fertilising cost, has significant technique effect.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of new sustained release paddy rice to topdress composition and method of making the same.The new sustained release paddy rice of the present invention composition that topdresses has unique formula, containing amidonitrogen or ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen and the long-acting resin-coated amidonitrogen of having immediate effect in composition of the present invention, the low temperature instant effect of quick-acting acid amides state or ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen can be given full play to, promote that rice root is many, it is many to tiller; Long-acting anti-floating resin urea, resin Repone K effectively can overcome the short shortcoming of the quick-acting fertilizer efficiencies such as urea, ammonium nitrate phosphorus or nitric acid phosphorus, strengthen the result of use of fertilizer; Fertilizer of the present invention effectively can reduce the number of times that topdresses of paddy rice, reduces the cost that topdresses; Quick-acting fertilizer is creatively fully combined with slow released fertilizer by the present invention, and before rice tillering, disposable applying effectively can ensure the demand of Later Stage of Rice growth to fertilizer, does not need secondary to topdress, realizes disposable topdressing, have significant result of use and economic benefit.
The new sustained release paddy rice of the present invention composition that topdresses is made up of specific component and content, each component plays synergy in specific content range, and then the significant effect of competence exertion, greatly reduce the number of times that topdresses, and guarantee that the Be very effective topdressed is better than the effect of existing fertilising, can significantly reduce fertilising consumption simultaneously, the highest reduce about 80% rate of fertilizer application, there is beyond thought technique effect, significantly reduce fertilising cost, there is very large economical effectiveness and application value.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.