CN102108039A - Special fertilizer for green rice production and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents

Special fertilizer for green rice production and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDF

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CN102108039A
CN102108039A CN2009102487707A CN200910248770A CN102108039A CN 102108039 A CN102108039 A CN 102108039A CN 2009102487707 A CN2009102487707 A CN 2009102487707A CN 200910248770 A CN200910248770 A CN 200910248770A CN 102108039 A CN102108039 A CN 102108039A
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fertilizer
urea
pure nitrogen
rice
nitrogen level
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CN102108039B (en
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李东坡
武志杰
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Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to green rice cultivation production, in particular to a special fertilizer for green rice production, and preparation and application methods thereof. The fertilizer consists of urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potash fertilizer, medium elements and micro elements, and is prepared by the following steps: selecting solid fertilizer raw materials which may be solid particles or powder, adding the medium elements into humic acid or a humic acid salt in an amount which is 60 to 100 percent based on the mass of the medium elements, mixing, adding the micro elements, mixing and granulating by using a binder; and mixing the granulated medium and micro elements with the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer. The rice fertilizer is applied once before the transplantation of rice as a base fertilizer, and top application is not required in the growth period of the rice. In the fertilizer provided by the invention, the amount and proportion in different release periods of the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer are determined in strict accordance with the nitrogen fertilizer demand characteristic of rice in different growth periods to form a five-stage supply speed for fertilizer nitrogen, and thus, the loss of nitrogen fertilizer is controlled obviously.

Description

A kind of green rice is produced dedicated fertilizer and preparation and application process
Technical field
The present invention relates to the green rice cultivation and production, specifically a kind of green rice is produced dedicated fertilizer and preparation and application process.
Background technology
The common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, the nutrient proportioning is unreasonable, and nutrient supply is science not, and is more unbalanced, and particularly nitrogenous fertilizer contradiction is more outstanding.The overall utilization ratio of nitrogen has only 30~35% at present, loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash is more, the economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower, cause the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, produce the pollution in underground water and soil face source simultaneously, cause the eutrophication of greenhouse gases effect and water body, make the deterioration of the ecological environment.Fertilizer use in a large number and low utilization ratio descends quality of agricultural product.Concerning the Rice Production cultivation of one season of northeast, the common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, nutrient in the fertilizer, particularly nitrogen nutrient discharges with the paddy rice different growth stage inconsistent to nutrient demand, because nutrient releasing speed and release ratio are inharmonious, cause utilization rate of fertilizer low, paddy growth is produced the nutrient stress effect, do not need to discharge under a large amount of nutrient situations a large amount of nutrients in soil in paddy rice, and when needing nutrient in a large number, paddy rice do not have enough nutrient supplies, therefore paddy growth is produced the nutrient stress effect, thereby have a strong impact on rice quality and pollute agroecological environment.Along with people increase the attention degree of food safety, demand to green agricultural product constantly increases, so the importance that the green rice production dedicated fertilizer that meets the green food requirement is developed is particularly outstanding, the present invention researches and develops under this background just, can significantly improve particularly utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of utilization rate of fertilizer.Northeast single cropping rice producing region has for a long time been filled up in the invention of this kind dedicated fertilizer, particularly the paddy rice main producing region does not produce the dedicated fertilizer of green rice, the appearance of this technology will greatly promote the green rice production in single cropping rice main producing region, northeast, produces the rice product that meets the green food requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of green rice that can effectively improve northeast single cropping rice yield and quality to produce dedicated fertilizer and preparation and application process.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of green rice is produced dedicated fertilizer, mainly by N, P, K forms, fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level, by the common granular urea that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 5-10%, account for slow-release carbamide or the peptide urea of urea pure nitrogen level 15-25%, account for the high molecular polymer of 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 30-40% or the urea of sulphur dressing (film), account for polymkeric substance or the polymkeric substance of the urea of sulphur dressing (film) and 100-120 days release periods that account for urea pure nitrogen level 10-15% or the urea composition of sulphur dressing (film) of the 75-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15-25%; Phosphate fertilizer is the 50-80% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 80-150% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is calcium, the magnesium of 10-30% and the sulphur of 8-30% that accounts for pure nitrogen level 10-30% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Trace element is for accounting for iron, the copper of 0.5-4%, the manganese of 0.5-4%, the zinc of 1-5%, the boron of 0.5-5% and the molybdenum of 0.3-3% of pure nitrogen level 1-5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Silicon in the element silicon is for accounting for pure nitrogen level 20-40% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.
Described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.If with monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate is the phosphate fertilizer raw material, in its consumption nitrogenous total amount should not be higher than the 3-5% that accounts for the fertilizer pure nitrogen level, common granular urea consumption in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer is urinated in corresponding minimizing simultaneously, nitrogen in monoammonium phosphate, the diammonium phosphate replaces the share of common granular urea in dedicated fertilizer, and rest part is then selected double superhosphate for use.Described potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O counts, and can be in vitriolate of tartar, the Repone K one or both.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom, and sulphur is selected from calcium sulfate; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate or Sodium orthomolybdate in the trace element; Silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer for use, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 60-100% or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, make particle with binding agent, stand-by; At last middle amount behind the above-mentioned mixing granulation and micro-the mixing with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.
Urine base nitrogenous fertilizer in the described fertilizer material, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are the particle of 1.5-4.5mm with the particle diameter; Make the particle that grain diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with binding agent.Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
Application process, it is characterized in that: with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer is 120kg-240kg, other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
The advantage that the present invention had:
1. nitrogen fertilizer amount and ratio described in the fertilizer of the present invention are long according to northeast single cropping rice different growing stage fully, the big nutrient uptake feature of nutrient demand amount is set the ratio that different release periods are urinated basic nitrogenous fertilizer, the P-K fertilizer paddy rice is to N: P: K assimilation ratio and nutrient balance principle are prepared meticulously, rate of fertilizer application can be regulated according to production index, middle amount can be carried out ratio according to nutrient content in the soil with micronutrient element and be selected, the element silicon that has added the special and a large amount of needs of paddy rice in the fertilizer formula, really realized balance fertilizing, rational application of fertilizers, the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer material of research and development.Form the Pyatyi feed speed of fertilizer nitrogen, and the release feature of used slow-release carbamide or peptide urea nitrogen can discharge the coated carbamide part nutrient of different release periods in advance or lag behind tangible supplementary function, significantly controlled the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, with the hectare is that square measure statistical value nitrogen utilization efficiency can improve 40-50 percentage point, significantly improve rice yield and improve the rice grain quality, compare with common fertilizer, can save fertilizer 10-20%, the tight amount of paddy rice can increase 10-30%.
2. monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate in the fertilizer of the present invention in the phosphate fertilizer raw material, when the plain nutrition of phosphorus is provided, can be phase to tillering phase rice striking root phase growth and replenishing the essential nitrogen nutrition of a part, making paddy rice nitrogen in the early stage growth course attain full and complete satisfaction; Vitriolate of tartar in the potash fertilizer raw material is when satisfying the necessary potassium element of paddy growth, for paddy rice provides growth necessary element sulphur; Repone K provides paddy growth necessary chlorine element simultaneously; Sulfur coated urea fertilizer provides essential element sulphur for paddy growth, promote the absorption of plant simultaneously to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-element nutrition element, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong plant strengthens resistance, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer particularly, alleviate the pollution of fertilising to ecotope, make the paddy rice product of production reach the green food specification of quality, it is fertile to realize that Yi Ji Shi can satisfy crop whole growth phase need.
3. formula nutritional of the present invention is comprehensive, and the ratio science has realized the required nutrient balance supply of paddy rice fully, for significantly improving of rice quality provides the nutrition assurance, has significantly reduced the environmental pollution because of using fertilizer to cause simultaneously.
4. fertiliser production equipment of the present invention is simple, the preparation method is easy to operate, the nitrogen manure of different release periods required in the growth process of riceplant mixed by mechanical workout with phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other essential nutritive element fertilizer make the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer material, make its nutrient release profiles and paddy rice need fertile characteristic curve to match, thereby reaching fertilizer nutrient discharges with the paddy rice absorption synchronous, make the release of fertilizer nutrient can not produce the environment-stress effect, reach rice high yield fine effect paddy growth; And application process is simple.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, and wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: common big the urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea) that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 5%, account for the slow-release carbamide of urea pure nitrogen level 15%, account for the polymer capsule urea (production of Shandong major company of Nintaus) of 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 40%, the polymer capsule urea that accounts for the polymer capsule urea (production of Shandong major company of Nintaus) of 75-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 25% and account for 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15% is formed;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter is for urinating 50% double superhosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 80% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 2% Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 0.5% B, 0.3% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 20% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 1.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids.
Purity nitrogen 120kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 7500-9000kg/hm 2Being example, is 120kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Embodiment 2:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 30% polymer capsule urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% 75-100 days release periods polymkeric substance urea and account for the urea composition of sulphur dressing (film) of 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 10%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter is for urinating 60% calcium superphosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 100% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 20% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 2% Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 0.6% B, 0.5% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 30% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 2mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 70% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.
Purity nitrogen 150kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 9000-10500kg/hm 2Being example, is 150kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Embodiment 3:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm) (replacing) with nitrogen in the monoammonium phosphate that adds, account for urea pure nitrogen level 22% peptide urea, account for 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 40% polymer capsule urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 15% 75-100 days release periods polymkeric substance urea and account for the urea composition of polymer coating (film) of 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter, for urinating 70% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is selected monoammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate for use; Wherein monoammonium phosphate (available nutrient 55%, wherein nitrogenous 11%, contain P 2O 544%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 8%) can only use 145kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 120% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 20% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom, 10% Ca, calcium is selected from calcium sulfate; Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 5% Fe, 4% Cu, 4% Mn, 3% Zn, 1% B, 1% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 25% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 3mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 3mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium.
Purity nitrogen 200Kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 9750-11250kg/hm 2Being example, is 200kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Embodiment 4:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm) (nitrogen replaces in the diammonium phosphate of adding), account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% slow-release carbamide, account for urea pure nitrogen level 40% 60-75 days release period sulphur dressing (film) urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 20% 75-100 days release periods polymkeric substance urea and account for the urea composition of sulphur dressing (film) of 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 10%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter, for urinating 80% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate, wherein diammonium phosphate (available nutrient 64%, nitrogenous 18%, contain P 2O 546%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 5%) can only use 61kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 100% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 20% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom, and 20%Ca is selected from calcium sulfate; Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 3% Fe, 2% Cu, 2% Mn, 2% Zn, 0.8% B, 0.5% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 40% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 4mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 4mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 220kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 10500-12000kg/hm 2Being example, is 220kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Embodiment 5:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 20% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 40% polymer capsule urea, account for 75-100 days release period sulphur dressing (film) urea (available from Shanghai Chinese maple) of urea pure nitrogen level 15% and account for the polymer capsule urea composition of 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter is for urinating 80% calcium magnesium phosphorus of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 150% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 5% Fe, 3% Cu, 3% Mn, 2% Zn, 1% B, 1% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 40% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 4.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 4.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 225kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 11250-12750kg/hm 2Being example, is 225kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Embodiment 6:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm) (nitrogen replaces in the diammonium phosphate of adding), account for urea pure nitrogen level 15% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 40% polymer capsule urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% 75-110 days release periods sulphur dressing (film) urea and account for the urea composition of sulphur dressing (film) of 100-120 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter, for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate, wherein diammonium phosphate (available nutrient 64%, nitrogenous 18%, contain P 2O 546%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 5%) can only use 61kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter is for urinating 100% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 5% Fe, 3% Cu, 4% Mn, 3% Zn, 0.5% B, 0.6% Mo, and silicon is (with SiO 2Meter) for accounting for pure nitrogen level 30% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.Wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate, and silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 2.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 240kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 12750-13500kg/hm 2Being example, is 240kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
Application examples 1:
With the yield target is 9750-11250kg/hm 2Be example, the urea pure nitrogen level of the invention described above being urinated basic nitrogenous fertilizer is 200kg, and other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, fertilizer applies soaked field rice transplanting in back 3 days.With the purity nitrogen is 200kg/ hectare common urea, and the phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter, for urinating the calcium superphosphate of pure nitrogen level 70% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, the potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter, for urinating 120% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer selects for use Repone K in contrast in the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, and wherein purity nitrogen is that 20% of 200kg/ hectare common urea topdressed and 10% filling stage topdressed as the phase in boot stage, and application result is as follows:
Test is at Shujiatun District Shi Lihe town, Shenyang City Shi Lihe village rice test
Handle Output Units increased in production %
Use contrast fertilizer 10043kg/hm 2 0
Use fertilizer of the present invention 11198kg/hm 2 11.50
Application examples 2:
With the yield target is 12750-13500kg/hm 2Being example, is 240kg/ hectare common urea with the purity nitrogen, and the phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter, for urinating the calcium superphosphate of pure nitrogen level 70% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, the potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O meter, for urinating 120% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer selects for use Repone K in contrast in the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, and wherein purity nitrogen is that 20% of 240kg/ hectare common urea topdressed and 10% filling stage topdressed as the phase in boot stage.With the urea pure nitrogen level of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in the special-purpose fertilizer of the invention described above is 216kg (reducing 10%), other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, fertilizer applies soaked field rice transplanting in back 3 days.Application result is as follows:
Test is at Shujiatun District Shi Lihe town, Shenyang City Shi Lihe village rice test
Handle Output Units increased in production %
Use contrast fertilizer 11189kg/hm 2 0
Use fertilizer of the present invention 12868kg/hm 2 15.0

Claims (9)

1. a green rice is produced dedicated fertilizer, mainly by N, P, K forms, it is characterized in that: fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level, by the common granular urea that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 5-10%, account for slow-release carbamide or the peptide urea of urea pure nitrogen level 15-25%, account for the high molecular polymer of 60-75 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 30-40% or the urea of sulphur dressing (film), account for polymkeric substance or the polymkeric substance of the urea of sulphur dressing (film) and 100-120 days release periods that account for urea pure nitrogen level 10-15% or the urea composition of sulphur dressing (film) of the 75-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15-25%; Phosphate fertilizer is the 50-80% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 80-150% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is calcium, the magnesium of 10-30% and the sulphur of 8-30% that accounts for pure nitrogen level 10-30% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Trace element is for accounting for iron, the copper of 0.5-4%, the manganese of 0.5-4%, the zinc of 1-5%, the boron of 0.5-5% and the molybdenum of 0.3-3% of pure nitrogen level 1-5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Silicon in the element silicon is for accounting for pure nitrogen level 20-40% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.
2. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described green rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P 2O 5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
3. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described green rice of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer be monoammonium phosphate or/and diammonium phosphate is the phosphate fertilizer raw material, its consumption is the 3-5% that accounts for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, surplus is selected double superhosphate for use.
4. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described green rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described potash fertilizer consumption is with K 2O counts, and can be in vitriolate of tartar, the Repone K one or both.
5. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described green rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom, and sulphur is selected from calcium sulfate; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate or Sodium orthomolybdate in the trace element; Silicon is selected from potassium silicate.
6. press the preparation method that the described green rice of claim 1 is produced dedicated fertilizer for one kind, it is characterized in that: at first select the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer for use, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 60-100% or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, make particle with binding agent, stand-by; At last middle amount behind the above-mentioned mixing granulation and micro-the mixing with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are promptly got the Rice Production dedicated fertilizer.
7. by the preparation method of the described green rice production of claim 6 dedicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer in the described fertilizer material, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are the particle of 1.5-4.5 mm with the particle diameter; Make the particle that grain diameter is 1.5-4.5 mm with binding agent.
8. by the preparation method of the described green rice production of claim 6 dedicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
9. press the application process that the described green rice of claim 1 is produced dedicated fertilizer for one kind, it is characterized in that: with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer is 120 kg-240kg, other raw material fertilely did at rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace in preceding 3 days by the Rice Production of this benchmark preparation is special-purpose, no longer topdressed in growth process of riceplant; Adopt the whole layer placement of fertilizer method during fertilising, be about to fertilizer and apply in the 5-15 cm soil, the uniform of application of monoblock field, or adopt special machinery is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied the back and finish the soaked field rice transplanting in a week.
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