CN112359132B - 一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关ssr分子标记及应用 - Google Patents
一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关ssr分子标记及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关SSR分子标记。本发明通过筛选在两个亲本(抗病和感病)和F2代两个极端分离池中存在的多态性引物,并通过自然群体验证,获得的与甜瓜抗白粉病基因紧密连锁的引物,所述SSR分子标记位于甜瓜2号染色体上,由一对引物构成,上游引物为:AGAGGTAGATTGTGTTCCG;下游引物为:GGGTAAAGATCATATAAAATC,扩增产物大小为300bp左右。上述SSR分子标记可以用于甜瓜抗白粉病材料筛选及分子标记辅助育种。本发明的SSR标记可以在甜瓜候选材料的任何阶段对其进行白粉病抗性鉴定和筛选,具有高效、限制少、准确的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关SSR分子标记及应用,属于植物抗病育种技术领域。
背景技术
甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)属葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)黄瓜属(Cucumis)一年生二倍体植物,其果实香脆清甜、风味独特、营养物质丰富,是一种世界范围内广泛种植的经济作物,已成为深受消费者欢迎的高档瓜果。目前甜瓜主栽品种在生产中极易受到各种病原菌的侵害,尤其是白粉病病害最为严重。甜瓜白粉病分布范围广,致病能力强,已成为世界性的甜瓜主要病害,是甜瓜绿色生产的主要障碍。因此,防治甜瓜抗白粉病是目前甜瓜产业亟待解决的重要问题。
现阶段甜瓜白粉病的防治仍然主要依靠大量喷洒各类化学药品。然而,大量化学试剂的使用不仅严重污染了生态环境,对人类身体健康造成一定威胁,还会导致病原菌产生耐药性,对防治工作造成更大的困难。因此,防治甜瓜白粉病最经济有效且环保的方法就是筛选抗白粉病材料,利用其本身抗性进行抗病新品种培育和推广。
目前,甜瓜育种领域比较常用的方法是杂交育种。然而,传统杂交育种方法选择周期长,抗病性鉴定工作繁琐,费时费力,造成育种成本比较高,严重制约了甜瓜育种进度。因此,发掘与抗白粉病基因紧密连锁的分子标记,利用分子标记技术辅助选择可提高抗病株系的选择效率,缩短育种周期,已逐渐成为甜瓜抗白粉病育种的新思路。
发明内容
本发明克服现有杂交育种甜瓜抗白粉病品种存在的选育效率低,费时费力的技术缺陷,通过基因型分析和表型鉴定,挖掘了一个与甜瓜抗白粉病信息紧密连锁的SSR分子标记,并成功应用于抗白粉病材料的选择,有助于进一步明确甜瓜抗白粉病信息遗传规律,为抗白粉病基因的精细定位和克隆奠定基础。
本发明的技术方案是:一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关SSR分子标记,其特征是,
所述SSR分子标记(CMACN213)位于甜瓜2号染色体上,由一对引物构成,上游引物为:AGAGGTAGATTGTGTTCCG;下游引物为:GGGTAAAGATCATATAAAATC。
本发明还公开了上述SSR分子标记在甜瓜抗白粉病材料筛选及分子标记辅助育种中的应用。
本发明还公开了一种甜瓜抗白粉病材料筛选的方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
(1)提取待筛选甜瓜抗白粉病材料叶片的基因组DNA;
(2)利用上述的SSR分子标记的上下游引物对甜瓜基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,并对PCR扩增产物进行电泳分析:
如果PCR扩增产物为345bp的DNA片段,则为甜瓜抗白粉病材料;
如果PCR扩增产物为328bp的DNA片段,则为甜瓜易感白粉病材料;
如果PCR扩增产物同时具有345bp和328bp的DNA片段,则为甜瓜抗白粉病材料和甜瓜易感白粉病材料的复合材料。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明的SSR引物是通过筛选在两个亲本(抗病和感病)和F2代两个极端分离池中存在的多态性引物,并通过自然群体验证,获得的与甜瓜抗白粉病基因紧密连锁的引物。
2.本发明的优势在于不仅为甜瓜抗白粉病基因的精细定位和分子克隆奠定了基础,同时也为利用分子标记辅助选育抗白粉病甜瓜新品种提供了高效途径。
3.本发明基于开发的SSR分子标记引物提供用于辅助筛选具有白粉病抗性的甜瓜新品种的方法,可以在甜瓜候选材料的任何阶段对其进行白粉病抗性鉴定和筛选,具有高效、限制少、准确的优点。本发明通过利用不同遗传背景的甜瓜自然群体资源进行验证,结果表明正确率为100%。
附图说明
图1为多态性引物筛选图。其中,M:Maker,1-5泳道分别为M1、B29、F1、抗病池、感病池;
图2为用SSR标记验证9份具有不同遗传背景的甜瓜自然群体材料的聚丙烯酰胺电泳检测结果;其中,泳道1-3分别为M1、B29和F1;泳道4-12分别为9个自然群体材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
1.试验材料:试验选用抗白粉病材料M1、易感白粉病材料B29,二者均为山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所选育的高代自交系。以M1为母本,B29为父本杂交,获得F1,F1自交获得F2群体。13份具有不同遗传背景的甜瓜自然群体材料均为山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所选育的高代自交系,其中10份为抗病材料,3份为感病材料。
2.试验试剂:DNA提取使用天根DNA提取试剂盒;PCR实验使用Shanghai PromeGa公司的GoTaq Green Master Mix;聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳使用康润公司的40%非变性聚丙烯酰胺,将其稀释至8%后使用。
3.试验步骤:
3.1 DNA提取,根据天根DNA提取试剂盒的使用说明对新鲜甜瓜叶片进行提取,具体步骤如下:
⑴称取0.5g新鲜甜瓜叶片,置于预冷的研钵中,倒入液氮,尽快将叶片研碎。
⑵将研磨好的粉末转入1.5ml离心管中,加入700μl 65℃预热缓冲液GP1和20μlβ-巯基乙醇,迅速颠倒混匀,65℃水浴10min。
⑶加入700μl氯仿,充分颠倒混匀,12000rpm离心5min。
⑷小心地将上层液体转入一个新的离心管中,加入700ul缓冲液GP2,充分颠倒混匀。
⑸将混匀的液体转入吸附柱CB3中,12000rpm离心30s,弃掉废液;
⑹向吸附柱CB3中加入500μl缓冲液GD,12000rpm离心30s,弃掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中。
⑺向吸附柱CB3中加入600μl漂洗液PW,12000rpm离心30s,弃掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中。
⑻重复上述步骤。
⑼将吸附柱CB3放入干净的离心管中,向吸附膜中间滴加100μl洗脱缓冲液TE,室温放置2-5min,12000rpm离心2min。
3.2 PCR扩增
PCR实验使用Shanghai PromeGa公司的GoTaq Green Master Mix。
反应体系(20μL):10μL Taq PCR Master MIX,上、下游引物各1μL,1μL DNA和7μLddH2O。
反应条件为:95℃预变性5min;95℃变性15s,58℃退火15s,72℃延伸30s,35个循环。
3.3聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳
(1)聚丙烯酰胺胶制备
取100ml 8%丙烯酰胺溶液加入1ml 10%过硫酸胺和100μl TEMED(N,N,N’N’-四甲基乙二胺),搅匀后立即倒入已用琼脂糖凝胶封口的玻璃板中,灌满后放平,使其与桌面成10°左右的倾角。插入梳子,静置1~2h使胶凝固。
(2)上样
待胶凝固后,垂直电泳仪底部加入电泳缓冲液,将玻璃板固定在垂直电泳槽上,夹好玻璃板,两个玻璃板中间加入电泳缓冲液,拔去梳子,取PCR扩增产物,用微量进样器取5μl注入点样孔。
(3)电泳和染色
180V电压电泳60min,取下凝胶,放入固定液中,固定12min,然后放入1‰硝酸银溶液中10min,蒸馏水水洗20s,转至蒸馏水中加入显色液,显色1-2min,转至清水中水洗后放入保鲜膜中,读取每个单株的带型。
3.4多态性引物筛选
利用本申请已有的3431对SSR引物,对抗病亲本M1、易感病亲本B29、抗病池(由30个F2代抗病单株组成)、感病池(由30个F2代感病单株组成)进行基因型检测,筛选亲本和两个池间都存在多态的引物,实验共筛选到2对引物,分别命名为CMACN213和DE1079,多态性引物筛选图如图1所示,扩增产物大小为300bp左右。
其中,
CMACN213上游引物核苷酸序列为:AGAGGTAGATTGTGTTCCG(SEQ-1);下游引物核苷酸序列为:GGGTAAAGATCATATAAAATC(SEQ-2)。
DE1079上游引物核苷酸序列为:GTTAAAGCTGCACCATTCC(SEQ-3);下游引物核苷酸序列为:AGAGTGAAATAATCTTGAACC(SEQ-4)。
3.5结果验证
采用备选的2对引物,验证9份具有不同遗传背景的甜瓜自然群体材料基因型,结合表型结果(抗病性),筛选出1对引物(CMACN213)与甜瓜抗白粉病信息紧密连锁,结果如图2所示。该标记位于甜瓜2号染色体,扩增产物大小为300bp左右。
从图2可以看出:PCR扩增产物为345bp的DNA片段,为甜瓜抗白粉病材料(泳道1的M1);PCR扩增产物为328bp的DNA片段,为甜瓜易感白粉病材料(泳道2的B29);如果PCR扩增产物为345bp和328bp的DNA片段,为甜瓜抗白粉病材料和甜瓜易感白粉病材料的复合材料(泳道3的F1),9个自然群体材料的基因型为甜瓜抗白粉病材料(泳道4-12)。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所
<120> 一种甜瓜抗白粉病相关SSR分子标记及应用
<130> 0
<160> 4
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> artificial
<220>
<223> CMACN213分子标记上游引物核苷酸序列
<400> 1
agaggtagat tgtgttccg 19
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> artificial
<220>
<223> CMACN213分子标记下游引物核苷酸序列
<400> 2
gggtaaagat catataaaat c 21
<210> 3
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> artificial
<220>
<223> DE1079 分子标记上游引物核苷酸序列
<400> 3
gttaaagctg caccattcc 19
<210> 4
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> artificial
<220>
<223> DE1079分子标记下游引物核苷酸序列
<400> 4
agagtgaaat aatcttgaac c 21
Claims (2)
1.甜瓜抗白粉病相关SSR分子标记的引物在甜瓜抗白粉病辅助育种中的应用,所述SSR分子标记位于甜瓜2号染色体上,所述引物的上游引物为:AGAGGTAGATTGTGTTCCG;下游引物为:GGGTAAAGATCATATAAAATC。
2.一种甜瓜抗白粉病材料筛选的方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
(1)提取待筛选甜瓜抗白粉病材料叶片的基因组DNA;
(2)利用SSR分子标记的上下游引物对甜瓜基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,并对PCR扩增产物进行电泳分析:
所述SSR分子标记的上游引物为:AGAGGTAGATTGTGTTCCG;下游引物为:GGGTAAAGATCATATAAAATC;
如果PCR扩增产物为345 bp 的DNA片段,则为甜瓜抗白粉病材料;
如果PCR扩增产物为328bp 的DNA片段,则为甜瓜易感白粉病材料;
如果PCR扩增产物同时具有345bp和328bp的 DNA片段,则为甜瓜抗白粉病材料和甜瓜易感白粉病材料的复合材料。
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