CN112293174A - Planting technology for pink tomato - Google Patents
Planting technology for pink tomato Download PDFInfo
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- CN112293174A CN112293174A CN201910679646.XA CN201910679646A CN112293174A CN 112293174 A CN112293174 A CN 112293174A CN 201910679646 A CN201910679646 A CN 201910679646A CN 112293174 A CN112293174 A CN 112293174A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tomato pink fruit planting technology, and particularly relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The specific planting method comprises the following steps: step one, arranging crops for rotation and planting density; step two, field management; step three, management of flowering and fruit setting periods: and step four, pest control. By adopting the planting technology, the yield of the tomatoes can be greatly increased, and the defects of low labor efficiency, high cost and unstable yield in the production process of the tomatoes are overcome. The planting method effectively improves the disease resistance of the tomatoes and increases the content of lycopene in the tomatoes, thereby enhancing the overall yield and economic benefit and having good economic benefit and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tomato pink-fruit planting technology, in particular to the technical field of agricultural planting.
Background
The tomato plant is 0.6-2 m high, all the tomato plants generate mucilaginous gland hair, the tomato plant has strong smell, and the tomato plant is easy to fall down; tomato leaves are oval or rectangular and round, 5-7 cm long, and have irregular saw teeth or splinters on the edge; the total stem length of the tomato inflorescence is 2-5 cm, and 3-7 flowers are grown; the length of the flower stalk is 1-1.5 cm; calyx is spoke-shaped, the lobe is needle-shaped, and the fruit stays in the fruit; corolla spoke-shaped, about 2 cm in diameter, yellow; tomato berries are oblate or near globular in shape, fleshy and succulent, orange or bright red in color.
The tomato fruits are rich in nutrition, and have the effects of losing weight, eliminating fatigue, promoting appetite, improving digestion on protein, reducing stomach distension and indigestion and the like, so that the tomato fruits are deeply loved by people; however, during the planting process of tomatoes, the disease resistance is very poor, and diseases are very easy to generate, so that the nutritional ingredients of the tomatoes are damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tomato pink fruit planting technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the tomato pink fruit planting technology comprises the following steps:
step one, crop rotation arrangement and planting density
(1.1), suggested transplanting time: autumn tomato: 7 months 20 days to 9 months 20 days; spring tomato: 1 month, 5 days to 2 months, 15 days;
(1.2) planting density: autumn tomatoes with 1.4 m of soil moisture (covering ditches), the plant spacing of 50 cm, about 1900 plants per mu, spring tomatoes: 1.3 meters of soil moisture is opened, the planting distance is 45 cm, and about 2300 plants per mu;
step two, field management;
(2.1) deeply ploughing soil before planting, and re-applying a base fertilizer, wherein the application amount per mu is as follows: spreading completely decomposed farmyard manure (cattle, sheep and pig manure) 1500-;
(2.2) seedling stage management:
(2.2.1) spraying hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin and chlorothalonil on the leaf surfaces of the seedlings on the seedling trays for 1 time before transplanting, dipping 1000 times of shikejinbao into roots during transplanting, and then planting;
(2.2.2) after the survival of the planted seedlings, in order to promote the growth of root systems and promote the growth of new roots, 5 kilograms/mu of root can be dripped and applied, and the effect is better after two times of continuous application; drip irrigation with a Shenma or Ruilai high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer of 3 kg/mu 6-7 days after root dripping to promote root growth, flower bud differentiation and stem strengthening;
(2.2.3), dressing and fertilizing the seedlings according to the growth potential of the seedlings at intervals of 6-7 days: the shenma or ruilai balanced water soluble fertilizer is 3 kilograms/mu;
(2.2.4) according to the characteristics of strong growth potential and vigorous growth of branches and leaves of tomato varieties, in order to achieve the purposes of preventing the plant from spindling in the seedling stage, shortening the length of internodes of a flower stand and reducing the fruiting height, watering in the field, and paying attention to spraying chlorophyll on the leaf surfaces for controlling the growth for 1-2 times (5 g/barrel of water, spraying the chlorophyll on the leaf surfaces only needs to be sprayed in a mist shape without repeated spraying so as to avoid causing phytotoxicity, wherein the safety interval period of the chlorophyll is 7 days);
(2.2.5) managing water in a seedling stage, and watering planting water and seedling reviving water thoroughly during planting; when the first spike fruit grows to be stable, small water is poured to promote roots mainly, and excessive growth is avoided.
Step three, management of flowering and fruit setting periods:
(3.1) timely erecting and pruning: when the plant grows to about 35 cm and the first ear of grain blooms, a frame is built in time, double-rod pruning is adopted to carry out bud picking and branch binding in time, periodic bud picking and branch binding are carried out to prevent unnecessary nutrient consumption of the plant, generally 6-7 days/time are needed, and broad-spectrum bactericide must be sprayed in time to prevent the plant wound from being infected and breeding diseases after bud picking and branch binding;
(3.2) strengthening field fertilizer and water management and ensuring high and stable yield;
(3.2.1) the first ear blossoms to the third fruit stand are stable, 5-7 kilograms of shenma or rui lai balanced water soluble fertilizer can be applied in the period of time, and 7 days are carried out for each time;
(3.2.2) expanding the first cluster fruits to the third cluster fruits, gradually increasing nutrients required by vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, alternately applying 5-7 kg/time of a shenma or ruilai balanced water soluble fertilizer and a high-nitrogen potassium water soluble fertilizer every 7 days, spraying 30 g/barrel of monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for enhancing disease resistance and stress resistance of plants, and spraying 1-2 times;
(3.2.3) when the third cluster fruits begin to be picked, 5-7 kg/mu of the trama or Reye high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer is applied once to promote the growth of root systems and prevent the aged root systems from premature senility of plants, fruits begin to expand in the growth period, the amount of potassium fertilizer needed by the plants is increased, 5-7 kg/mu of the trama or Reye high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer can be applied, and 100 parts of the expanded fruits are 5 kg/mu for 7 days/time;
(3.2.4) carrying out foliage dressing during the whole growth period of the tomatoes;
step four, pest control;
(4.1), tomato damping-off, root rot, stem base rot: spraying with a spraying belt to spray roots after transplanting and survival, wherein the spraying belt is root-refreshing or hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin sulfate, rhizofukang or mancozeb and methylene thiophanate, a nozzle of the sprayer is unscrewed when the roots are sprayed, and the liquid medicine flows to the roots along the stems to be prevented and treated, and is continuously used for 2 times 1 time every 7 days;
(4.2), early blight, late blight: spraying 1500 times of propamocarb solution and 1500 times of mancozeb solution at the initial stage of disease attack, and spraying 2000 times of enoyl cymoxanil solution or 2000 times of Dupont fast-clearing solution or 2000 times of Yinflue solution at the time of serious disease attack, once every 7-10 days, and continuously for 2-3 times;
(4.3), leaf mold, gray mold: 1000 times of liquid of 10% polyoxin wettable powder or 1000 times of liquid of 60% carbendazim powder can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease incidence, 1000 times of polyoxin wettable powder and 1500 times of liquid of 80% pyrimethanil or 1000 times of liquid of eugenol can be sprayed at the serious stage of disease incidence, once every 7-10 days and continuously for 2-3 times;
(4.4), powdery mildew: spraying pesticide before or at the initial stage of disease attack, wherein 1500 times of solution of triadimefon can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, and 1500 times of solution of azoxystrobin or 1500 times of solution of Baifuling can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously;
(4.5), ulcer disease: in the early stage of disease, spraying protection is needed in time, the medicament can be 1500 times liquid of 73% agricultural streptomycin, 1000 times liquid of 60% copper succinate and aluminum ethyl phosphate wettable powder or 1000 times liquid of spring thunder and copper aqua regia, the more serious agricultural streptomycin 1000 times liquid plus the thrice 1000 times liquid can be used for drenching roots, once every 7-10 days, and 3-4 times continuously;
(4.6), bacterial brown spot: spraying a 500-fold solution of 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder 400-fold or a 300-fold solution of 14% ammoniacal copper complex aqua at the initial stage of disease incidence, or spraying a 500-fold solution of 50% copper succinate wettable powder once every 10 days for 1-2 times continuously;
(4.7), bacterial angular leaf spot: in the early stage of the disease, 1000 times of bacteria are sprayed with 1000 times of solution, 1500 times of Chunlei and copper oxychloride solution, 1000 times of zhongshengmycin and 1500 times of difenoconazole solution. 1 time every 7 days for 2-3 times;
(4.8), root knot nematode disease: 1500 g/mu of nematocide, or 500-700 g/mu of carbosulfan granules, or 200 ml/mu of 10-percent abamectin, or 1500-2000 g/mu of 10-percent fosthiazate granules, or 100ml of 0.3-percent azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate is uniformly mixed with fine wet soil and then is spread in the furrows on the ridges, seedlings are transplanted after covering the soil, 52.8-66 g/mu of 500g/L fluopyram suspending agent or 4.5-6L/mu of 10 hundred million CFU/g bacillus cereus suspending agent is transplanted, and then roots are irrigated;
(4.9), tomato fruit cracking disease: prevention and treatment measures-: (a) ventilating and shading; (b) and moisture management: the soil is dry and wet, small water is used for watering frequently, and large water is not used for flooding, so that fruit cracking caused by the drastic change of soil moisture is prevented, and particularly, the soil cannot be too dry and too wet in the fruiting period; (c) and nutrient management. Organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer with good quality are applied additionally to improve the soil structure, improve the water retention capacity of the soil and reduce fruit cracking. The tomato is favored with potash fertilizer, the tomato peel can be thickened by applying the potash fertilizer additionally to reduce fruit cracking, 0.5 percent of borax or fluid boron can be sprayed on the leaf surfaces when the boron is deficient, and the spraying is carried out once every 7 to 10 days for 2 to 3 times continuously; (d) timely pruning and branching; (e) strictly forbidding the use of hormone;
(4.10) insect pests: the early stage pest control can be carried out by using 100 g/mu of Fuge or 65 ml/mu of Huajian for drip irrigation;
(4.10.1), aphids, whitefly: imidacloprid 2 g/barrel or Feishibao 20 g/barrel spraying prevention and control;
(4.10.2), Helicoverpa armigera: spraying 7.5% emamectin benzoate 10 g/barrel or Bacillus thuringiensis 20 ml/barrel or Yunlong No. 2 No. 10 ml/barrel;
(4.10.3), red spider: spraying Qimeng 20 ml/barrel or abamectin spirodiclofen 20 ml/barrel;
(4.10.4), leaf miner: cyromazine 5 g/barrel or submersible cyromazine 10 g/barrel spray.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting the planting technology, the yield of the tomatoes can be greatly increased, and the defects of low labor efficiency, high cost and unstable yield in the production process of the tomatoes are overcome. The planting method effectively improves the disease resistance of the tomatoes and increases the content of lycopene in the tomatoes, thereby enhancing the overall yield and economic benefit and having good economic benefit and popularization value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The tomato pink fruit planting technology comprises the following steps:
step one, crop rotation arrangement and planting density
(1.1), suggested transplanting time: autumn tomato: 7 months 20 days to 9 months 20 days;
(1.2) planting density: autumn tomatoes with 1.4 m of soil moisture (covering ditches), the plant spacing of 50 cm, about 1900 plants per mu, spring tomatoes: 1.3 meters of soil moisture is opened, the planting distance is 45 cm, and about 2300 plants per mu;
step two, field management;
(2.1) deeply ploughing soil before planting, and re-applying a base fertilizer, wherein the application amount per mu is as follows: spreading completely decomposed farmyard manure (cattle, sheep and pig manure) 1500-;
(2.2) seedling stage management:
(2.2.1) spraying hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin and chlorothalonil on the leaf surfaces of the seedlings on the seedling trays for 1 time before transplanting, dipping 1000 times of shikejinbao into roots during transplanting, and then planting;
(2.2.2) after the survival of the planted seedlings, in order to promote the growth of root systems and promote the growth of new roots, 5 kilograms/mu of root can be dripped and applied, and the effect is better after two times of continuous application; drip irrigation with a Shenma or Ruilai high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer of 3 kg/mu 6-7 days after root dripping to promote root growth, flower bud differentiation and stem strengthening;
(2.2.3), dressing and fertilizing the seedlings according to the growth potential of the seedlings at intervals of 6-7 days: the shenma or ruilai balanced water soluble fertilizer is 3 kilograms/mu;
(2.2.4) according to the characteristics of strong growth potential and vigorous growth of branches and leaves of tomato varieties, in order to achieve the purposes of preventing the plant from spindling in the seedling stage, shortening the length of internodes of a flower stand and reducing the fruiting height, watering in the field, and paying attention to spraying chlorophyll on the leaf surfaces for controlling the growth for 1-2 times (5 g/barrel of water, spraying the chlorophyll on the leaf surfaces only needs to be sprayed in a mist shape without repeated spraying so as to avoid causing phytotoxicity, wherein the safety interval period of the chlorophyll is 7 days);
(2.2.5) managing water in a seedling stage, and watering planting water and seedling reviving water thoroughly during planting; when the first spike fruit grows to be stable, small water is poured to promote roots mainly, and excessive growth is avoided.
Step three, management of flowering and fruit setting periods:
(3.1) timely erecting and pruning: when the plant grows to about 35 cm and the first ear of grain blooms, a frame is built in time, double-rod pruning is adopted to carry out bud picking and branch binding in time, periodic bud picking and branch binding are carried out to prevent unnecessary nutrient consumption of the plant, generally 6 days/time is carried out, and broad-spectrum bactericide must be sprayed in time to prevent the plant wound from infecting and breeding diseases after bud picking and branch binding;
(3.2) strengthening field fertilizer and water management and ensuring high and stable yield;
(3.2.1) the first ear blossoms to the third fruit stand are stable, 5 kilograms of shenma or rui lai balanced water soluble fertilizer per mu can be applied in the period, and 7 days are carried out per time;
(3.2.2) expanding the first cluster fruits to the third cluster fruits, gradually increasing nutrients required by vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, alternately applying 5 kg/time of a shenma or rilai balanced water soluble fertilizer and a high-nitrogen potassium water soluble fertilizer every 7 days, spraying 30 g/barrel of monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for enhancing disease resistance and stress resistance of plants, and spraying 1 time;
(3.2.3) when picking is started for the third cluster fruit, 5 kg/mu of a tramadol or rapes high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer is applied once to promote root growth and prevent premature senescence of aged plants of the root system, fruits begin to expand in the growth period, the amount of potassium fertilizer needed by the plants is increased, 5 kg/mu of the tramadol or rapes high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer can be applied, and 100 minutes of the expanded fruits are 5 kg/mu for 7 days/time;
(3.2.4) carrying out foliage dressing during the whole growth period of the tomatoes;
step four, pest control;
(4.1), tomato damping-off, root rot, stem base rot: spraying with a spraying belt to spray roots after transplanting and survival, wherein the spraying belt is root-refreshing or hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin sulfate, rhizofukang or mancozeb and methylene thiophanate, a nozzle of the sprayer is unscrewed when the roots are sprayed, and the liquid medicine flows to the roots along the stems to be prevented and treated, and is continuously used for 2 times 1 time every 7 days;
(4.2), early blight, late blight: spraying 1500 times of propamocarb solution and 1500 times of mancozeb solution at the initial stage of disease attack, and spraying 2000 times of enoyl cymoxanil solution or 2000 times of Dupont fast-clearing solution or 2000 times of Yinflue solution at the time of serious disease attack, once every 7 days and continuously for 2 times;
(4.3), leaf mold, gray mold: 1000 times of liquid of 10% polyoxin wettable powder or 1000 times of liquid of 60% carbendazim powder can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease incidence, 1000 times of polyoxin wettable powder and 1500 times of liquid of 80% pyrimethanil or 1000 times of liquid of eugenol can be sprayed at the serious stage of disease incidence, once every 7 days and 2 times continuously;
(4.4), powdery mildew: spraying pesticide before or at the initial stage of disease attack, wherein 1500 times of solution of triadimefon can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, and 1500 times of solution of azoxystrobin or 1500 times of solution of Baifuling can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously;
(4.5), ulcer disease: in the early stage of disease, spraying protection is required in time, the medicament can be 1500-fold liquid of 73% agricultural streptomycin, 1000-fold liquid of 60% copper succinate and aluminum ethyl phosphate wettable powder or 1000-fold liquid of spring thunder and copper aqua regia wettable powder, the more serious agricultural streptomycin 1000-fold liquid plus the three thousand 1000-fold liquid can be used for spraying roots, and the spraying protection is carried out once every 7 days for 3 times;
(4.6), bacterial brown spot: spraying a 400-fold liquid of 77 percent copper hydroxide wettable powder or a 300-fold liquid of 14 percent ammoniacal copper complex aqua at the initial stage of disease incidence, or a 500-fold liquid of 50 percent copper succinate wettable powder once every 10 days for 1 time continuously;
(4.7), bacterial angular leaf spot: spraying 1000 times of solution, 1500 times of Chunlei and copper oxychloride solution, 1000 times of zhongshengmycin and 1500 times of difenoconazole solution for 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously at the early stage of the disease;
(4.8), root knot nematode disease: 1500 g/mu of nematocide, or 500-700 g/mu of carbosulfan granules, or 200 ml/mu of 10-percent abamectin, or 1500-2000 g/mu of 10-percent fosthiazate granules, or 100ml of 0.3-percent azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate is uniformly mixed with fine wet soil and then is spread in the furrows on the ridges, seedlings are transplanted after covering the soil, 52.8-66 g/mu of 500g/L fluopyram suspending agent or 4.5-6L/mu of 10 hundred million CFU/g bacillus cereus suspending agent is transplanted, and then roots are irrigated;
(4.9), tomato fruit cracking disease: prevention and treatment measures-: (a) ventilating and shading; (b) and moisture management: the soil is dry and wet, small water is used for watering frequently, and large water is not used for flooding, so that fruit cracking caused by the drastic change of soil moisture is prevented, and particularly, the soil cannot be too dry and too wet in the fruiting period; (c) and nutrient management. Organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer with good quality are applied additionally to improve the soil structure, improve the water retention capacity of the soil and reduce fruit cracking. The tomato is favored with potash fertilizer, the tomato peel can be thickened by applying the potash fertilizer additionally to reduce fruit cracking, 0.5 percent of borax or fluid boron can be sprayed on the leaf surfaces when the boron is deficient, and the spraying is carried out once every 7 to 10 days for 2 to 3 times continuously; (d) timely pruning and branching; (e) strictly forbidding the use of hormone;
(4.10) insect pests: the early stage pest control can be carried out by using 100 g/mu of Fuge or 65 ml/mu of Huajian for drip irrigation;
(4.10.1), aphids, whitefly: imidacloprid 2 g/barrel or Feishibao 20 g/barrel spraying prevention and control;
(4.10.2), Helicoverpa armigera: spraying 7.5% emamectin benzoate 10 g/barrel or Bacillus thuringiensis 20 ml/barrel or Yunlong No. 2 No. 10 ml/barrel;
(4.10.3), red spider: spraying Qimeng 20 ml/barrel or abamectin spirodiclofen 20 ml/barrel;
(4.10.4), leaf miner: cyromazine 5 g/barrel or submersible cyromazine 10 g/barrel spray.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A technology for planting pink tomato is characterized in that: the specific planting technology comprises the following steps:
step one, crop rotation arrangement and planting density
(1.1), suggested transplanting time: autumn tomato: 7 months 20 days to 9 months 20 days; spring tomato: 1 month, 5 days to 2 months, 15 days;
(1.2) planting density: autumn tomatoes with 1.4 meters of soil moisture, the plant spacing of 50 cm, about 1900 plants per mu, spring tomatoes: 1.3 meters of soil moisture is opened, the planting distance is 45 cm, and about 2300 plants per mu;
step two, field management;
(2.1) deeply ploughing soil before planting, and re-applying a base fertilizer, wherein the application amount per mu is as follows: spreading completely decomposed farmyard manure (cattle, sheep and pig manure) 1500-;
(2.2) seedling stage management:
(2.2.1) spraying hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin and chlorothalonil on the leaf surfaces of the seedlings on the seedling trays for 1 time before transplanting, dipping 1000 times of shikejinbao into roots during transplanting, and then planting;
(2.2.2) after the survival of the planted seedlings, in order to promote the growth of root systems and promote the growth of new roots, 5 kilograms/mu of root can be dripped and applied, and the effect is better after two times of continuous application; drip irrigation with a Shenma or Ruilai high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer of 3 kg/mu 6-7 days after root dripping to promote root growth, flower bud differentiation and stem strengthening;
(2.2.3), dressing and fertilizing the seedlings according to the growth potential of the seedlings at intervals of 6-7 days: the shenma or ruilai balanced water soluble fertilizer is 3 kilograms/mu;
(2.2.4) according to the characteristics of strong growth potential and vigorous growth of branches and leaves of tomato varieties, in order to achieve the purposes of preventing the plant from overgrowing in the seedling stage, shortening the length of internodes of a flower stand and reducing the fruiting height, watering in the field, paying attention to spraying chlorophyll on the leaf surfaces for controlling the growth for 1-2 times, 5 g/barrel of water, spraying only the leaf surfaces into a mist shape without repeated spraying when spraying the chlorophyll, wherein the safety interval period of the chlorophyll is 7 days;
(2.2.5) managing water in a seedling stage, and watering planting water and seedling reviving water thoroughly during planting; when the first spike fruit grows to be stable, small water is poured to promote roots mainly, and excessive growth is avoided.
Step three, management of flowering and fruit setting periods:
(3.1) timely erecting and pruning: when the plant grows to about 35 cm and the first ear of grain blooms, a frame is built in time, double-rod pruning is adopted to carry out bud picking and branch binding in time, periodic bud picking and branch binding are carried out to prevent unnecessary nutrient consumption of the plant, generally 6-7 days/time are needed, and broad-spectrum bactericide must be sprayed in time to prevent the plant wound from being infected and breeding diseases after bud picking and branch binding;
(3.2) strengthening field fertilizer and water management and ensuring high and stable yield;
(3.2.1) the first ear blossoms to the third fruit stand are stable, 5-7 kilograms of shenma or rui lai balanced water soluble fertilizer can be applied in the period of time, and 7 days are carried out for each time;
(3.2.2) expanding the first cluster fruits to the third cluster fruits, gradually increasing nutrients required by vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, alternately applying 5-7 kg/time of a shenma or ruilai balanced water soluble fertilizer and a high-nitrogen potassium water soluble fertilizer every 7 days, spraying 30 g/barrel of monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for enhancing disease resistance and stress resistance of plants, and spraying 1-2 times;
(3.2.3) when the third cluster fruits begin to be picked, 5-7 kg/mu of the trama or Reye high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer is applied once to promote the growth of root systems and prevent the aged root systems from premature senility of plants, fruits begin to expand in the growth period, the amount of potassium fertilizer needed by the plants is increased, 5-7 kg/mu of the trama or Reye high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer can be applied, and 100 parts of the expanded fruits are 5 kg/mu for 7 days/time;
(3.2.4) carrying out foliage dressing during the whole growth period of the tomatoes;
step four, pest control;
(4.1), tomato damping-off, root rot, stem base rot: spraying with a spraying belt to spray roots after transplanting and survival, wherein the spraying belt is root-refreshing or hymexazol, agricultural streptomycin sulfate, rhizofukang or mancozeb and methylene thiophanate, a nozzle of the sprayer is unscrewed when the roots are sprayed, and the liquid medicine flows to the roots along the stems to be prevented and treated, and is continuously used for 2 times 1 time every 7 days;
(4.2), early blight, late blight: spraying 1500 times of propamocarb solution and 1500 times of mancozeb solution at the initial stage of disease attack, and spraying 2000 times of enoyl cymoxanil solution or 2000 times of Dupont fast-clearing solution or 2000 times of Yinflue solution at the time of serious disease attack, once every 7-10 days, and continuously for 2-3 times;
(4.3), leaf mold, gray mold: 1000 times of liquid of 10% polyoxin wettable powder or 1000 times of liquid of 60% carbendazim powder can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease incidence, 1000 times of polyoxin wettable powder and 1500 times of liquid of 80% pyrimethanil or 1000 times of liquid of eugenol can be sprayed at the serious stage of disease incidence, once every 7-10 days and continuously for 2-3 times;
(4.4), powdery mildew: spraying pesticide before or at the initial stage of disease attack, wherein 1500 times of solution of triadimefon can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, and 1500 times of solution of azoxystrobin or 1500 times of solution of Baifuling can be sprayed at the initial stage of disease attack, 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously;
(4.5), ulcer disease: in the early stage of disease, spraying protection is needed in time, the medicament can be 1500 times liquid of 73% agricultural streptomycin, 1000 times liquid of 60% copper succinate and aluminum ethyl phosphate wettable powder or 1000 times liquid of spring thunder and copper aqua regia, the more serious agricultural streptomycin 1000 times liquid plus the thrice 1000 times liquid can be used for drenching roots, once every 7-10 days, and 3-4 times continuously;
(4.6), bacterial brown spot: spraying a 500-fold solution of 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder 400-fold or a 300-fold solution of 14% ammoniacal copper complex aqua at the initial stage of disease incidence, or spraying a 500-fold solution of 50% copper succinate wettable powder once every 10 days for 1-2 times continuously;
(4.7), bacterial angular leaf spot: in the early stage of the disease, 1000 times of bacteria are sprayed with 1000 times of solution, 1500 times of Chunlei and copper oxychloride solution, 1000 times of zhongshengmycin and 1500 times of difenoconazole solution. 1 time every 7 days for 2-3 times;
(4.8), root knot nematode disease: 1500 g/mu of nematocide, or 500-700 g/mu of carbosulfan granules, or 200 ml/mu of 10-percent abamectin, or 1500-2000 g/mu of 10-percent fosthiazate granules, or 100ml of 0.3-percent azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate is uniformly mixed with fine wet soil and then is spread in the furrows on the ridges, seedlings are transplanted after covering the soil, 52.8-66 g/mu of 500g/L fluopyram suspending agent or 4.5-6L/mu of 10 hundred million CFU/g bacillus cereus suspending agent is transplanted, and then roots are irrigated;
(4.9), tomato fruit cracking disease: prevention and treatment measures-: (a) ventilating and shading; (b) and moisture management: the soil is dry and wet, small water is used for watering frequently, and large water is not used for flooding, so that fruit cracking caused by the drastic change of soil moisture is prevented, and particularly, the soil cannot be too dry and too wet in the fruiting period; (c) and nutrient management. Organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer with good quality are applied additionally to improve the soil structure, improve the water retention capacity of the soil and reduce fruit cracking. The tomato is favored with potash fertilizer, the tomato peel can be thickened by applying the potash fertilizer additionally to reduce fruit cracking, 0.5 percent of borax or fluid boron can be sprayed on the leaf surfaces when the boron is deficient, and the spraying is carried out once every 7 to 10 days for 2 to 3 times continuously; (d) timely pruning and branching; (e) strictly forbidding the use of hormone;
(4.10) insect pests: the early stage pest control can be carried out by using 100 g/mu of Fuge or 65 ml/mu of Huajian for drip irrigation;
(4.10.1), aphids, whitefly: imidacloprid 2 g/barrel or Feishibao 20 g/barrel spraying prevention and control;
(4.10.2), Helicoverpa armigera: spraying 7.5% emamectin benzoate 10 g/barrel or Bacillus thuringiensis 20 ml/barrel or Yunlong No. 2 No. 10 ml/barrel;
(4.10.3), red spider: spraying Qimeng 20 ml/barrel or abamectin spirodiclofen 20 ml/barrel;
(4.10.4), leaf miner: cyromazine 5 g/barrel or submersible cyromazine 10 g/barrel spray.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113331000A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-03 | 福建山瓜瓜农业发展有限公司 | Planting technology for high-yield ginseng fruits |
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