CN110604011A - Bitter gourd cultivation method - Google Patents
Bitter gourd cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110604011A CN110604011A CN201911033592.6A CN201911033592A CN110604011A CN 110604011 A CN110604011 A CN 110604011A CN 201911033592 A CN201911033592 A CN 201911033592A CN 110604011 A CN110604011 A CN 110604011A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a bitter gourd cultivation method, which has the technical scheme main points that the method comprises the following steps: the bitter gourd cultivated by the cultivation method of the invention has the advantages of full and protruding fruit knots, glossy peel, long storage period and good quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a bitter gourd cultivation method.
Background
Balsam pear, also known as summer melon, is a cucurbitaceae plant and is an annual climbing herb. The stems, branches, petioles and pedicel are covered with soft hair and axillary tendrils. The diameter of the leaf reaches 3 to 12cm, 5 to 7 palm-shaped deep cracks exist, the split piece is in an oval shape, and the outer edge of the split piece is provided with sawteeth. Spring and summer crossing and flowering, and is isogenic and yellow. The fruit is oblong and has many irregular nodular protrusions on its surface. The seeds are hidden in fleshy fruits and are wrapped by red sacs when the seeds are mature. The balsam pear is a favorite vegetable of people and is widely planted in China, south Asia and southeast Asia. In particular, in our country, the main crop in many southern cities is mainly bitter gourd, and the economic source is also mainly bitter gourd.
However, the current bitter gourds are low in yield and poor in quality and cannot meet the requirements of people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the bitter gourd cultivation method which has the advantage of improving the bitter gourd product and quality.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a bitter gourd cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, breaking shells: the tip of the seed is slightly cracked to open a seam, which is favorable for the seed to absorb water;
step S2, soaking seeds: soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 20 minutes, then soaking the seeds in the warm water at normal temperature for 6-8 hours, and changing water every 2-4 hours to keep the water clear, reduce the accumulation of harmful substances and facilitate the breathing of the seeds;
step S3, pregermination: packaging the soaked bitter gourd seeds with a plastic bag with small holes, wrapping with a towel, and accelerating germination at 28-30 ℃ for 24-36 hours until the seeds are white;
step S4, sowing: sowing the germinated seeds, placing the seeds horizontally with the bud tips facing downwards, covering with matrix soil, wherein the soil thickness is 2-3 times of the seed thickness, watering thoroughly, placing methyl mop liquid in water, and covering with a plastic film for heat preservation when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃;
step S5, seedling management: after sowing, keeping the temperature above 25 ℃ in the daytime and above 15 ℃ at night, watering when seedlings are dry, and carrying out appropriate seedling hardening;
step S6, planting: planting in a plastic arched shed, applying enough base fertilizer before planting, deeply turning over the land, making into small high plots with the plot surface width of 80-90 cm and the height of 20-30 cm, planting when the melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, and planting 200-300 plants per 667 square meters;
step S7, bridging: the method comprises the following steps of erecting a plane net, wherein a melon net can be vertically placed and bamboo poles can be inserted in the melon net after the balsam pear seedlings are fixedly planted for one circle, 2 plastic steel wires horizontally penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the melon net to form a vertical net surface equal to the length of a ridge, the two ends of an upper plastic steel wire are fixed on the front and rear shed poles in a greenhouse, the distance between the lower plastic steel wire and a ridge surface is kept at 10-12 cm, the net surface is flat and naturally droops, the transverse distance between the net surface and the melon seedlings is 3-5 cm, and the; the lower plastic steel wire straightens the bamboo poles with two ends fixed at two ends of the ridge; inserting a bamboo pole every 6m and fixing the bamboo pole with the plastic steel lines at the corresponding positions; the melon net is fixed on the bamboo pole by cloth strips or ropes at the corresponding position of each bamboo pole, so that the net surface is flat and balanced in load bearing, and the load of the net surface is reduced;
step S8, vine guiding and pruning: when a plant is 30 cm high or tendrils appear, tendrils need to be guided in time, the tendrils are guided preferably after 10 am and 2 pm and half afternoon to avoid damage to the stems and tendrils, the tendrils are guided and tied to enable stem leaves to be uniformly distributed, the bitter gourd has strong branching capacity, if the bitter gourd is allowed to grow, branches and leaves are excessively dense, nutrients are consumed, air permeability among the plants is poor, diseases and insect pests are prone to occurring, and normal growth, flowering and fruiting of a main tendrils are affected, so that when the bitter gourd is put on a shelf, lateral branches which are 1 m lower than the base of the stem are all removed, and the strong main tendrils are guaranteed to be cultivated; after the main vines are put on the shelf, strong lateral vines at the middle upper parts are properly selected and reserved, and thin and weak lateral vines are cut off, so that the yield is improved; in the vigorous growth period, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, and yellow leaves and diseased leaves at the lower part of the plant are removed in time to ensure ventilation and light transmission;
step S9, field management: 1. watering the seedling-recovering water in time after the seedling recovering; 2. managing fertilizer and water, applying base fertilizer, applying additional fertilizer in time besides sufficient base fertilizer, not applying additional fertilizer 7 days after field planting, after the plant survives, regularly applying additional fertilizer after the cotyledon is unfolded, mainly applying additional water fertilizer, spraying 8% human excrement or 1% urea aqueous solution every 7-10 days after field planting, combining ridging for fertilizing at the beginning of flowering, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 30 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea after first harvesting, and applying 15 kg of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer per 1-2 times;
step S10, pest control: 1. the balsam pear has blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew and virus diseases; the wilt can be prevented and treated by irrigating the root with 250 times of 10% double-effect liquid or 40% multi-flow suspending agent; the anthracnose can be prevented and treated by 600-800 times of liquid spray of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl wettable powder; powdery mildew can be prevented and controlled by spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of triadimefon; the prevention and the treatment of virus diseases are carried out by combining the prevention and the treatment of aphids, and can also be carried out by using 1000 times of solution of 1.5 percent of carbendazim emulsion; 2. the bitter gourd pests comprise aphids, melon flies and thrips, and the aphids can be controlled by 2000 times of 20 percent norflurazon emulsifiable concentrate; the bactrocera cucurbitae can be prevented and controlled by using 1000 times of 90 percent crystal trichlorfon or using an attractant; thrips can be prevented and treated with 2000 times of liquid of 50% Plumbum Preparatium powder; 3. according to the principle of pesticide spraying, the pesticide preparation consists of three parts of a bactericide, an insecticide and a foliar fertilizer;
step S11, harvesting: the commercial melons begin to be harvested about 40-50 days after planting, the commercial melons are harvested 15-20 days after general flowering in spring and autumn and are suitable for the harvest period 12-15 days after general flowering in summer, and the fruits have full and protruding knots, glossy peels, long storage period and good quality.
By adopting the technical scheme, the balsam pear cultivated by adopting the steps has the advantages of full and protruding knots, glossy pericarp, long storage period and best commodity.
The invention is further configured to: the volume ratio of the methyl mop body fluid to the water in the step S4 is 1: 800.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented and treated.
The invention is further configured to: and in the step S4, when the external temperature is lower than the normal temperature after seeding, the temperature is increased by adopting a mode of sleeving a large arched shed and a small arched shed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the bitter gourd seeds after sowing are conveniently insulated in a mode that the big arch shed is sleeved with the small arch shed.
The invention is further configured to: and in the step S5, seedling management is carried out one day before field planting, and a bactericide and a foliar fertilizer are sprayed by a sprayer, so that the seedlings are planted in the field with the pesticide and the fertilizer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, spray bactericidal agent and leaf fertilizer through the atomizer, make the seedling take the fertile field planting of area of medicine to make the survival that the seedling can be quick.
The invention is further configured to: and the foliar fertilizer in the step S5 adopts 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3 percent of urea.
By adopting the technical scheme, the foliar fertilizer adopts 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3 percent of urea, so that the nutrients of the seedlings can be ensured.
The invention is further configured to: the base fertilizer in the step S6 is 1000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium superphosphate and 30 kg of lime applied to 667 square meters.
By adopting the technical scheme, 1000 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer and 30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate are applied to 667 square meters, and 30 kilograms of lime can ensure sufficient nutrients and prevent seedlings from being burnt.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S7, after the plant is pulled out, the melon net is directly folded upwards and tied to the upper steel wire rope, when the melon net is used again, the melon net is unbundled and put down, the net surface is leveled, and the lower end of the melon net is fixed on a bamboo pole, so that the melon net is simple to operate and can be used repeatedly.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the balsam pear cultivated by the steps has the advantages of plump and protruded knots, glossy pericarp, long storage period and best commodity.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the present invention in detail.
A bitter gourd cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, breaking shells: slightly cracking the tip of the seed to form a crack, wherein the bitter gourd seed is not favorable for germination due to the thick seed coat and needs to be broken, and the tip of the seed is slightly cracked to form a crack to be favorable for water absorption of the seed;
step S2, soaking seeds: soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 20 minutes, then soaking the seeds in the warm water at normal temperature for 6-8 hours, and changing water every 2-4 hours to keep the water clear, reduce the accumulation of harmful substances and facilitate the breathing of the seeds;
step S3, pregermination: packaging the soaked bitter gourd seeds with a plastic bag with small holes, wrapping a towel, accelerating germination for 24-36 hours at 28-30 ℃, and sowing after the seeds are exposed to the white;
step S4, sowing: sowing the germinated seeds, placing the seeds horizontally with the bud tips facing downwards, covering with matrix soil, wherein the soil thickness is 2-3 times of the seed thickness, watering thoroughly, placing methyl mop liquid in water, and covering with a plastic film for heat preservation when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃; wherein the volume ratio of the methyl mop body fluid to the water is 1:800, and the methyl mop body fluid has better effect of preventing and treating diseases. And after sowing, when the outside temperature is lower than the normal temperature, the temperature is increased by adopting a mode of sleeving a large arched shed and a small arched shed.
Step S5, seedling management: keeping the temperature above 25 ℃ in the daytime and above 15 ℃ at night after sowing, watering when seedlings are dry after seedlings emerge, hardening the seedlings properly, spraying a sterilization agent and a foliar fertilizer by a sprayer one day before planting to plant the seedlings with fertilizer, wherein the foliar fertilizer adopts 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3% of urea;
step S6, planting: planting in a plastic arched shed, applying enough base fertilizer before planting, deeply turning over the land, making small high furrows with the furrow surface width of 80-90 cm and the height of 20-30 cm, planting when the melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 center, planting 200-300 seedlings per 667 square meters (1 mu), applying 1000 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer and 30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate to the base fertilizer per 667 square meters, paving a mulching film with 30 kilograms of lime, and watering the seedlings after planting;
step S7, bridging: plane net building frame, building frame: the method comprises the following steps of erecting a plane net, wherein a melon net can be vertically placed and bamboo poles can be inserted in the melon net after the balsam pear seedlings are fixedly planted for one circle, 2 plastic steel wires horizontally penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the melon net to form a vertical net surface equal to the length of a ridge, the two ends of an upper plastic steel wire are fixed on the front and rear shed poles in a greenhouse, the distance between the lower plastic steel wire and a ridge surface is kept at 10-12 cm, the net surface is flat and naturally droops, the transverse distance between the net surface and the melon seedlings is 3-5 cm, and the; the lower plastic steel wire straightens the bamboo poles with two ends fixed at two ends of the ridge; inserting a bamboo pole every 6m, and fixing the bamboo pole with the steel wire rope at the corresponding position; the melon net is fixed on the bamboo pole by cloth strips or ropes at the corresponding position of each bamboo pole, so that the net surface is flat and balanced in load bearing, and the load of the net surface is reduced; and when the plant is pulled out, the melon net is directly and uniformly folded upwards and tied to the upper plastic steel wire, when the melon net is used again, the melon net is unbundled and put down, the net surface is leveled, and the lower end of the melon net is fixed on a bamboo pole, so that the melon net is simple to operate and can be used repeatedly.
Step S8, vine guiding and pruning: when a plant is 30 cm high or tendrils appear, tendrils need to be guided in time, the tendrils are guided preferably after 10 am and 2 pm and half afternoon to avoid damage to the stems and tendrils, the tendrils are guided and tied to enable stem leaves to be uniformly distributed, the bitter gourd has strong branching capacity, if the bitter gourd is allowed to grow, branches and leaves are excessively dense, nutrients are consumed, air permeability among the plants is poor, diseases and insect pests are prone to occurring, and normal growth, flowering and fruiting of a main tendrils are affected, so that when the bitter gourd is put on a shelf, lateral branches which are 1 m lower than the base of the stem are all removed, and the strong main tendrils are guaranteed to be cultivated; after the main vines are put on the shelf, strong lateral vines at the middle upper parts are properly selected and reserved, and thin and weak lateral vines are cut off, so that the yield is improved; in the vigorous growth period, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, and yellow leaves and diseased leaves at the lower part of the plant are removed in time to ensure ventilation and light transmission;
step S9, field management: 1. watering the seedling-recovering water in time after the seedling recovering; 2. managing fertilizer and water, applying base fertilizer, applying additional fertilizer in time besides sufficient base fertilizer, not applying additional fertilizer 7 days after field planting, after the plant survives, regularly applying additional fertilizer after the cotyledon is unfolded, mainly applying additional water fertilizer, spraying 8% human excrement or 1% urea aqueous solution every 7-10 days after field planting, combining ridging for fertilizing at the beginning of flowering, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 30 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea after first harvesting, and applying 15 kg of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer per 1-2 times;
step S10, pest control: 1. the balsam pear has blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew and virus diseases; the wilt can be prevented and treated by irrigating the root with 250 times of 10% double-effect liquid or 40% multi-flow suspending agent; the anthracnose can be prevented and treated by 600-800 times of liquid spray of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl wettable powder; powdery mildew can be prevented and controlled by spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of triadimefon; the prevention and the treatment of virus diseases are carried out by combining the prevention and the treatment of aphids, and can also be carried out by using 1000 times of solution of 1.5 percent of carbendazim emulsion; 2. the bitter gourd pests comprise aphids, melon flies and thrips, and the aphids can be controlled by 2000 times of 20 percent norflurazon emulsifiable concentrate; the bactrocera cucurbitae can be prevented and controlled by using 1000 times of 90 percent crystal trichlorfon or using an attractant; thrips can be prevented and treated with 2000 times of liquid of 50% Plumbum Preparatium powder; 3. according to the principle of pesticide spraying, the pesticide preparation consists of three parts of a bactericide, an insecticide and a foliar fertilizer;
step S11, harvesting: the commercial melons begin to be harvested about 40-50 days after field planting, the commercial melons are harvested 15-20 days after general flowering in spring and autumn and are suitable for harvesting 12-15 days after general flowering in summer, the fruits have full and protruding knots, the peels have luster, the storage period is long, the quality is good, and the yield per mu of the balsam pears cultivated by the cultivation method is 10000-12000 kg.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A bitter gourd cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, breaking shells: the tip of the seed is slightly cracked to open a seam, which is favorable for the seed to absorb water;
step S2, soaking seeds: soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 20 minutes, then soaking the seeds in the warm water at normal temperature for 6-8 hours, and changing water every 2-4 hours to keep the water clear, reduce the accumulation of harmful substances and facilitate the breathing of the seeds;
step S3, pregermination: packaging the soaked bitter gourd seeds with a plastic bag with small holes, wrapping with a towel, and accelerating germination at 28-30 ℃ for 24-36 hours until the seeds are white;
step S4, sowing: sowing the germinated seeds, placing the seeds horizontally with the bud tips facing downwards, covering with matrix soil, wherein the soil thickness is 2-3 times of the seed thickness, watering thoroughly, placing methyl mop liquid in water, and covering with a plastic film for heat preservation when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃;
step S5, seedling management: after sowing, keeping the temperature above 25 ℃ in the daytime and above 15 ℃ at night, watering when seedlings are dry, and carrying out appropriate seedling hardening;
step S6, planting: planting in a plastic arched shed, applying enough base fertilizer before planting, deeply turning over the land, making into small high plots with the plot surface width of 80-90 cm and the height of 20-30 cm, planting when the melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, and planting 200-300 plants per 667 square meters;
step S7, bridging: the method comprises the following steps of erecting a plane net, wherein a melon net can be vertically placed and bamboo poles can be inserted in the melon net after the balsam pear seedlings are fixedly planted for one circle, 2 plastic steel wires horizontally penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the melon net to form a vertical net surface equal to the length of a ridge, the two ends of an upper plastic steel wire are fixed on the front and rear shed poles in a greenhouse, the distance between the lower plastic steel wire and a ridge surface is kept at 10-12 cm, the net surface is flat and naturally droops, the transverse distance between the net surface and the melon seedlings is 3-5 cm, and the; the lower plastic steel wire straightens the bamboo poles with two ends fixed at two ends of the ridge; inserting a bamboo pole every 6m and fixing the bamboo pole with the plastic steel lines at the corresponding positions; the melon net is fixed on the bamboo pole by cloth strips or ropes at the corresponding position of each bamboo pole, so that the net surface is flat and balanced in load bearing, and the load of the net surface is reduced;
step S8, vine guiding and pruning: when a plant is 30 cm high or tendrils appear, tendrils need to be guided in time, the tendrils are guided preferably after 10 am and 2 pm and half afternoon to avoid damage to the stems and tendrils, the tendrils are guided and tied to enable stem leaves to be uniformly distributed, the bitter gourd has strong branching capacity, if the bitter gourd is allowed to grow, branches and leaves are excessively dense, nutrients are consumed, air permeability among the plants is poor, diseases and insect pests are prone to occurring, and normal growth, flowering and fruiting of a main tendrils are affected, so that when the bitter gourd is put on a shelf, lateral branches which are 1 m lower than the base of the stem are all removed, and the strong main tendrils are guaranteed to be cultivated; after the main vines are put on the shelf, strong lateral vines at the middle upper parts are properly selected and reserved, and thin and weak lateral vines are cut off, so that the yield is improved; in the vigorous growth period, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, and yellow leaves and diseased leaves at the lower part of the plant are removed in time to ensure ventilation and light transmission;
step S9, field management: 1. watering the seedling-recovering water in time after the seedling recovering; 2. managing fertilizer and water, applying base fertilizer, applying additional fertilizer in time besides sufficient base fertilizer, not applying additional fertilizer 7 days after field planting, after the plant survives, regularly applying additional fertilizer after the cotyledon is unfolded, mainly applying additional water fertilizer, spraying 8% human excrement or 1% urea aqueous solution every 7-10 days after field planting, combining ridging for fertilizing at the beginning of flowering, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 30 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, applying 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea after first harvesting, and applying 15 kg of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer per 1-2 times;
step S10, pest control: 1. the balsam pear has blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew and virus diseases; the wilt can be prevented and treated by irrigating the root with 250 times of 10% double-effect liquid or 40% multi-flow suspending agent; the anthracnose can be prevented and treated by 600-800 times of liquid spray of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl wettable powder; powdery mildew can be prevented and controlled by spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of triadimefon; the prevention and the treatment of virus diseases are carried out by combining the prevention and the treatment of aphids, and can also be carried out by using 1000 times of solution of 1.5 percent of carbendazim emulsion; 2. the bitter gourd pests comprise aphids, melon flies and thrips, and the aphids can be controlled by 2000 times of 20 percent norflurazon emulsifiable concentrate; the bactrocera cucurbitae can be prevented and controlled by using 1000 times of 90 percent crystal trichlorfon or using an attractant; thrips can be prevented and treated with 2000 times of liquid of 50% Plumbum Preparatium powder; 3. according to the principle of pesticide spraying, the pesticide preparation consists of three parts of a bactericide, an insecticide and a foliar fertilizer;
step S11, harvesting: the commercial melons begin to be harvested about 40-50 days after planting, the commercial melons are harvested 15-20 days after general flowering in spring and autumn and are suitable for the harvest period 12-15 days after general flowering in summer, and the fruits have full and protruding knots, glossy peels, long storage period and good quality.
2. The cultivation method of bitter gourds according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume ratio of the methyl mop body fluid to the water in the step S4 is 1: 800.
3. The cultivation method of bitter gourds according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S4, when the external temperature is lower than the normal temperature after seeding, the temperature is increased by adopting a mode of sleeving a large arched shed and a small arched shed.
4. The cultivation method of bitter gourds according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S5, seedling management is carried out one day before field planting, and a bactericide and a foliar fertilizer are sprayed by a sprayer, so that the seedlings are planted in the field with the pesticide and the fertilizer.
5. The cultivation method of balsam pear according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the foliar fertilizer in the step S5 adopts 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3 percent of urea.
6. The cultivation method of bitter gourds according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base fertilizer in the step S6 is 1000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium superphosphate and 30 kg of lime applied to 667 square meters.
7. The cultivation method of bitter gourds according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S7, after the plant is pulled out, the melon net is directly folded upwards and tied to the upper steel wire rope, when the melon net is used again, the melon net is unbundled and put down, the net surface is leveled, and the lower end of the melon net is fixed on a bamboo pole, so that the melon net is simple to operate and can be used repeatedly.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114467652A (en) * | 2022-02-12 | 2022-05-13 | 厦门农运来农业技术服务有限公司 | Cultivation method for thickening bitter gourd rhizome |
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Application publication date: 20191224 |