CN103858647A - Bitter gourd large-scale rapid seedling growing method - Google Patents
Bitter gourd large-scale rapid seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858647A CN103858647A CN201410112608.3A CN201410112608A CN103858647A CN 103858647 A CN103858647 A CN 103858647A CN 201410112608 A CN201410112608 A CN 201410112608A CN 103858647 A CN103858647 A CN 103858647A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bitter gourd large-scale rapid seedling growing method which includes the steps of seed germination accelerating, seedling growing nutrient soil preparing, bowl loading seeding, seedling management and the like. According to the bitter gourd large-scale rapid seedling growing method, the water-retaining performance, the permeability and the antibacterial property of nutrient soil are good, the abundant nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic materials are contained, various nutrients required by seedling emerging of bitter gourd seeds are completely met, rapid seedling emerging of the seeds is prompted, the seedling stage plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, the seedling emergency percentage is improved, and manpower is saved; the seedling growing period is short, the seedling emergency percentage is higher than 95%, limitation of the seasonality is avoided, seedling growing can be carried out all the year around, the transplanting survival rate is high, the bitter gourd planting time can be shortened, the inner-year planting generation number can be increased, the bitter gourd yield can be improved, and the bitter gourd large-scale rapid seedling growing method is suitable for bitter gourd manual large-scale planting, and has the high economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of balsam pear scale rapid seedling cultivation method, belong to agriculture cultivation technology field.
Background technology
Balsam pear is a kind of common vegetables, has hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, anti-inflammatory, loses weight, organizes growth of cancer cells, improves a poor appetite, diuresis invigorates blood circulation and the effect such as anti-inflammatory antipyretic, is more and more subject to liking of modern people, and demand all increases.But current balsam pear is grown seedlings, speed is slow, and planting percent is low, causes balsam pear implantation time long, and output reduces greatly, cannot meet the need of market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of balsam pear scale rapid seedling cultivation method is provided, improve grow seedlings speed and planting percent, shorten balsam pear implantation time, improve the output of balsam pear.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of balsam pear scale rapid seedling cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) presprouting of seeds
The warm water of first seed being put into 50-55 ℃ soaks 10-15min, pull the mixed solution of putting into 0.1% copper sulphate and 0.3% potassium permanganate out and soak 15-20min with sterilizing, then at room temperature soak 4-5h with clear water, seed of bitter gourd is fully absorbed water, then seed is picked up, clean the colloid substance on seed coat, slightly dry in the air is that available bundle rises, at 33-35 ℃, process 10-12h, then process 12-14h at 28-30 ℃, can sow when seed sprouts while having half rice long;
(2) preparation of seedling nutritious soil
1. the preparation of Nutrition Soil:
A, take the raw material of following weight portion: leaf mould 40-50, peat soil 25-35, burn native 15-20, paulownia greensand 10-15, day to stone 8-12, letterwood bits 5-10, paulownia sawdust 3-6, animal waste 20-30, river embankment mud 10-15, rubbish from cooking 6-12, rice bran 5-10, edible fungi residue 4-8, blackstrap 2-5, pyroligneous liquor 1.5-3.5, conch meal 2-3, ash 3-5, silkworm excrement 4-6, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3, urea 1-2;
B, get animal waste, river embankment mud, rubbish from cooking, rice bran, edible fungi residue, conch meal, ash, silkworm excrement and mix, add appropriate water, stir, moisture is controlled at 60-70%, then add blackstrap and pyroligneous liquor, after stirring, heap fermentation 8-10 days, obtains fermentation material;
C, the above-mentioned fermentation material making and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea are stirred, and then add all the other raw materials to mix to mix thoroughly, obtain Nutrition Soil;
2. the sterilization of Nutrition Soil:
Get Chinese herbal disinfectant 200-400 times liquid and be evenly sprayed on Nutrition Soil, puddle evenly, then cover 3-5 days with plastic film, take off airing 8-12 days after film, medicament smell disappears can pack nutritive cube into completely;
The preparation method of described Chinese herbal disinfectant is as follows:
A, get the raw material of following weight portion: kiss-me 1-2, Celastrus angulatus 2-3, tree-of-heaven leaf 1.5-2.5, fortune paulownia flower 0.5-1.5, peach leaves 1-2, thunder godvine 2-3, erose mussaenda leaf 1-2, root of Chinese wild ginger 2-3, rheum officinale 1-2, masson pine 3-4, Chinese tallow tree leaf 2-3;
B, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, pulverize, cross 50-80 mesh sieve, add 5-10 times of water gaging, 2-4h is boiled in heating, filters after being cooled to room temperature, and filtrate is concentrated into the 1/15-1/10 of original volume, freeze drying powdered;
(3) dress alms bowl sowing
Within 1-2 days, by the polypots that Nutrition Soil the is housed water of drenching, every alms bowl is broadcast 1-2 grain prior to seeding, and bud point, is broadcast rear covering fine earth downwards, thickness 0.5-1cm, and the water 1 time of drenching again after blinding, later every 1-2 days trickles 1 time, until emerge;
(4) seedling management
1. temperature treatment
Adopt and on seedling furrow, bury electric heating warming line by the rated power of every square metre of 100W in booth, make electric heating seedling bed and grow seedlings, keep temperature 25 ℃ of left and right on daytime in booth, night 15-20 ℃; In the time of fine Wen Gaore, strengthen ventilation, extend ventilation time, in conjunction with watering cooling; While meeting the cloudy snow of low temperature sky, adopt the double-deck barrier film of canopy inner sleeve to cover day and night energising and heat;
2. water and fertilizer management
Seedbed moisture with rice shoot blade in cloudy day morning canopy without the globule condense, fine day blade at noon wilts and in about 14 o'clock, recovers normally for well, in alms bowl, Nutrition Soil water content should remain on 70-80%, normal weather, every 1 water of spray in 2-3 days, while meeting low temperature overcast and rainy day, should rather be done not wet; In the time that seedbed humidity is excessive, can be by ventilating, removing dry ash or the wet down of heating;
When the fertilizer deficiency phenomenons such as stem is thin, the little look of leaf is light appear in rice shoot, become thoroughly decomposed people urinates except execute 8% in conjunction with watering, also available 0.1% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor spray, every spray in 7-10 days 1 time, common 2-3 time;
3. illumination management
For increasing illumination, make up illumination in early spring deficiency, except taking off and cover covering flexibly, allow rice shoot accept outside more scattered light, also available 100-200W incandescent lamp carries out light filling, and 1 bulb is hung in every square metre of seedbed, and lamp holder is apart from rice shoot 25-30cm; In the time that rice shoot shades mutually, must, by alms bowl apart from pulling open, improve illumination condition, to meet the demand of balsam pear to high light.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Nutrition Soil moisture capacity of the present invention, permeability, antibiotic property are good, and contain abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the nutritive element such as organic, meet the seed of bitter gourd required various nutrients of emerging completely, promote seed to emerge fast, reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, improve planting percent, save artificial; Balsam pear rapid seedling cultivation method growing-seedling period of the present invention is short; planting percent is up to more than 95%; and be not subject to seasonal restriction; Zhou Nianjun can numerous seedling, and transplanting survival rate is high, can shorten balsam pear implantation time; increase year interior plantation algebraically; the output that improves balsam pear, is applicable to the artificial large-scale planting of balsam pear, has important economic benefit.
Embodiment
A kind of balsam pear scale rapid seedling cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) presprouting of seeds
The warm water of first seed being put into 55 ℃ soaks 10min, pull the mixed solution of putting into 0.1% copper sulphate and 0.3% potassium permanganate out and soak 15min with sterilizing, then at room temperature soak 4h with clear water, seed of bitter gourd is fully absorbed water, then seed is picked up, clean the colloid substance on seed coat, slightly dry in the air is that available bundle rises, at 34 ℃, process 10h, then process 12h at 30 ℃, can sow when seed sprouts while having half rice long;
(2) preparation of seedling nutritious soil
1. the preparation of Nutrition Soil:
A, take the raw material of following weight portion: leaf mould 45, peat soil 30, burn soil 16, paulownia greensand 12, day to stone 10, letterwood bits 8, paulownia sawdust 4, animal waste 25, river embankment mud 12, rubbish from cooking 8, rice bran 8, edible fungi residue 6, blackstrap 3, pyroligneous liquor 2.5, conch meal 2, ash 4, silkworm excrement 5, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, urea 1.5;
B, get animal waste, river embankment mud, rubbish from cooking, rice bran, edible fungi residue, conch meal, ash, silkworm excrement and mix, add appropriate water, stir, moisture is controlled at 65%, then add blackstrap and pyroligneous liquor, after stirring, heap fermentation 9 days, obtains fermentation material;
C, the above-mentioned fermentation material making and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea are stirred, and then add all the other raw materials to mix to mix thoroughly, obtain Nutrition Soil;
2. the sterilization of Nutrition Soil:
Get 300 times of liquid of Chinese herbal disinfectant and be evenly sprayed on Nutrition Soil, puddle evenly, then cover 4 days with plastic film, take off after film airing 10 days, medicament smell disappears can pack nutritive cube into completely;
The preparation method of described Chinese herbal disinfectant is as follows:
A, get the raw material of following weight portion: kiss-me 1.5, Celastrus angulatus 2, tree-of-heaven leaf 2, fortune paulownia flower 1, peach leaves 1.5, thunder godvine 2.5, erose mussaenda leaf 1, the root of Chinese wild ginger 2, rheum officinale 1.5, masson pine 3.5, Chinese tallow tree leaf 2.5;
B, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, add 8 times of water gagings, 3h is boiled in heating, filters after being cooled to room temperature, and filtrate is concentrated into 1/12 of original volume, freeze drying powdered;
(3) dress alms bowl sowing
Within 1-2 days, by the polypots that Nutrition Soil the is housed water of drenching, every alms bowl is broadcast 1 prior to seeding, and bud point, is broadcast rear covering fine earth downwards, thickness 0.8cm, and the water 1 time of drenching again after blinding, later every 1 day trickle 1 time, until emerge;
(4) seedling management
1. temperature treatment
Adopt and on seedling furrow, bury electric heating warming line by the rated power of every square metre of 100W in booth, make electric heating seedling bed and grow seedlings, keep temperature 25 ℃ of left and right on daytime in booth, 18 ℃ of nights; In the time of fine Wen Gaore, strengthen ventilation, extend ventilation time, in conjunction with watering cooling; While meeting the cloudy snow of low temperature sky, adopt the double-deck barrier film of canopy inner sleeve to cover day and night energising and heat;
2. water and fertilizer management
Seedbed moisture with rice shoot blade in cloudy day morning canopy without the globule condense, fine day blade at noon wilts and in about 14 o'clock, recovers normally for well, in alms bowl, Nutrition Soil water content should remain on 75%, normal weather, every 1 water of spray in 2 days, while meeting low temperature overcast and rainy day, should rather be done not wet; In the time that seedbed humidity is excessive, can be by ventilating, removing dry ash or the wet down of heating;
When the fertilizer deficiency phenomenons such as stem is thin, the little look of leaf is light appear in rice shoot, become thoroughly decomposed people urinates except execute 8% in conjunction with watering, also available 0.1% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor spray, and spray 1 time totally 3 times every 7 days;
3. illumination management
For increasing illumination, make up illumination in early spring deficiency, except taking off and cover covering flexibly, allow rice shoot accept outside more scattered light, also available 200W incandescent lamp carries out light filling, and 1 bulb is hung in every square metre of seedbed, and lamp holder is apart from rice shoot 25cm; In the time that rice shoot shades mutually, must, by alms bowl apart from pulling open, improve illumination condition, to meet the demand of balsam pear to high light.
Adopt above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method can greatly shorten seedling raise period, planting percent is up to more than 95%, thereby shortening balsam pear implantation time increases year interior plantation algebraically, and the output of raising balsam pear, is applicable to the artificial large-scale planting of balsam pear, has important economic benefit.
Claims (1)
1. a balsam pear scale rapid seedling cultivation method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) presprouting of seeds
The warm water of first seed being put into 50-55 ℃ soaks 10-15min, pull the mixed solution of putting into 0.1% copper sulphate and 0.3% potassium permanganate out and soak 15-20min with sterilizing, then at room temperature soak 4-5h with clear water, seed of bitter gourd is fully absorbed water, then seed is picked up, clean the colloid substance on seed coat, slightly dry in the air is that available bundle rises, at 33-35 ℃, process 10-12h, then process 12-14h at 28-30 ℃, can sow when seed sprouts while having half rice long;
(2) preparation of seedling nutritious soil
1. the preparation of Nutrition Soil:
A, take the raw material of following weight portion: leaf mould 40-50, peat soil 25-35, burn native 15-20, paulownia greensand 10-15, day to stone 8-12, letterwood bits 5-10, paulownia sawdust 3-6, animal waste 20-30, river embankment mud 10-15, rubbish from cooking 6-12, rice bran 5-10, edible fungi residue 4-8, blackstrap 2-5, pyroligneous liquor 1.5-3.5, conch meal 2-3, ash 3-5, silkworm excrement 4-6, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3, urea 1-2;
B, get animal waste, river embankment mud, rubbish from cooking, rice bran, edible fungi residue, conch meal, ash, silkworm excrement and mix, add appropriate water, stir, moisture is controlled at 60-70%, then add blackstrap and pyroligneous liquor, after stirring, heap fermentation 8-10 days, obtains fermentation material;
C, the above-mentioned fermentation material making and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea are stirred, and then add all the other raw materials to mix to mix thoroughly, obtain Nutrition Soil;
2. the sterilization of Nutrition Soil:
Get Chinese herbal disinfectant 200-400 times liquid and be evenly sprayed on Nutrition Soil, puddle evenly, then cover 3-5 days with plastic film, take off airing 8-12 days after film, medicament smell disappears can pack nutritive cube into completely;
The preparation method of described Chinese herbal disinfectant is as follows:
A, get the raw material of following weight portion: kiss-me 1-2, Celastrus angulatus 2-3, tree-of-heaven leaf 1.5-2.5, fortune paulownia flower 0.5-1.5, peach leaves 1-2, thunder godvine 2-3, erose mussaenda leaf 1-2, root of Chinese wild ginger 2-3, rheum officinale 1-2, masson pine 3-4, Chinese tallow tree leaf 2-3;
B, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, pulverize, cross 50-80 mesh sieve, add 5-10 times of water gaging, 2-4h is boiled in heating, filters after being cooled to room temperature, and filtrate is concentrated into the 1/15-1/10 of original volume, freeze drying powdered;
(3) dress alms bowl sowing
Within 1-2 days, by the polypots that Nutrition Soil the is housed water of drenching, every alms bowl is broadcast 1-2 grain prior to seeding, and bud point, is broadcast rear covering fine earth downwards, thickness 0.5-1cm, and the water 1 time of drenching again after blinding, later every 1-2 days trickles 1 time, until emerge;
(4) seedling management
1. temperature treatment
Adopt and on seedling furrow, bury electric heating warming line by the rated power of every square metre of 100W in booth, make electric heating seedling bed and grow seedlings, keep temperature 25 ℃ of left and right on daytime in booth, night 15-20 ℃; In the time of fine Wen Gaore, strengthen ventilation, extend ventilation time, in conjunction with watering cooling; While meeting the cloudy snow of low temperature sky, adopt the double-deck barrier film of canopy inner sleeve to cover day and night energising and heat;
2. water and fertilizer management
Seedbed moisture with rice shoot blade in cloudy day morning canopy without the globule condense, fine day blade at noon wilts and in about 14 o'clock, recovers normally for well, in alms bowl, Nutrition Soil water content should remain on 70-80%, normal weather, every 1 water of spray in 2-3 days, while meeting low temperature overcast and rainy day, should rather be done not wet; In the time that seedbed humidity is excessive, can be by ventilating, removing dry ash or the wet down of heating;
When the fertilizer deficiency phenomenons such as stem is thin, the little look of leaf is light appear in rice shoot, become thoroughly decomposed people urinates except execute 8% in conjunction with watering, also available 0.1% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor spray, every spray in 7-10 days 1 time, common 2-3 time;
3. illumination management
For increasing illumination, make up illumination in early spring deficiency, except taking off and cover covering flexibly, allow rice shoot accept outside more scattered light, also available 100-200W incandescent lamp carries out light filling, and 1 bulb is hung in every square metre of seedbed, and lamp holder is apart from rice shoot 25-30cm; In the time that rice shoot shades mutually, must, by alms bowl apart from pulling open, improve illumination condition, to meet the demand of balsam pear to high light.
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Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104025885A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Bitter gourd cultivation method |
| CN104067802A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 安徽百卉园林有限公司 | Method for increasing germination rate of nandina seeds |
| CN104082022A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Precocious and efficient bitter gourd cultivation method |
| CN104303814A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Bitter melon planting method |
| CN104472069A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 贵州黔粤农业科技发展有限公司 | Planting method of dading balsam pear |
| CN105503413A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 芜湖润蓝生物科技有限公司 | Efficient fertilizer for improving taste of bitter gourd and preparation method thereof |
| CN105967909A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 全椒县大墅镇刘邦家庭农场 | Hole application fertilizer for directly seeding peanut |
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| CN107750858A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-06 | 重庆市合川区蔬菜技术指导站 | Double season balsam pear cultural methods |
| CN108409399A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-17 | 储据英 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for fruit tree |
| CN108812196A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-16 | 天长市天兴园林绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of drought-enduring lawn Nutrition Soil |
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| CN109076920A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-25 | 来安县杭姑娘生态农业有限公司 | A kind of organic vegetable seedling Nutrition Soil |
| CN109717019A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-07 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A kind of nuisanceless balsam pear cultural method |
| CN109832163A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 丹阳市大丰收苗木专业合作社 | A kind of hyacinth bean compost |
| CN110604011A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-24 | 厦门农运来农业技术服务有限公司 | Bitter gourd cultivation method |
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