CN112273339B - Simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms - Google Patents
Simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms Download PDFInfo
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- CN112273339B CN112273339B CN202011195346.3A CN202011195346A CN112273339B CN 112273339 B CN112273339 B CN 112273339B CN 202011195346 A CN202011195346 A CN 202011195346A CN 112273339 B CN112273339 B CN 112273339B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of home textile, in particular to a method for collecting ants for artificial feed breeding of silkworms. The invention relates to a method for collecting ants for breeding silkworm artificial feed, which comprises the following steps: (1) silkworm egg hatching, (2) silkworm egg scattering and disinfection, (3) weighing egg amount and partitioning, (4) feed treatment, (5) photosensitive termite receiving, (6) light supplement and temperature rise. On the basis of feed breeding, starting from each technical link of termite collection according to the physiological development characteristics of silkworms, the invention achieves the effects of one-time rapid, labor-saving and efficient termite collection by combining the modes of optimizing temperature and humidity control, feed pretreatment, light supplement and temperature supplement in each period of egg scattering and hatching, directly scattering eggs on feed during artificial feed breeding, irradiating by an LED yellow warm light and the like, is suitable for mechanical termite collection, and provides technical support for large-scale artificial feed breeding of young silkworms.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding, and particularly relates to a simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms.
[ background of the invention ]
The sericulture is taken as a traditional industry with intensive labor force, along with the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes of China, the contradiction between productivity and production relation is increasingly prominent, mechanization, informatization and labor saving are continuously explored, the artificial feed breeding mode of the sericulture is developed, labor and land resources are saved, the mechanization and industrialization processes of the sericulture industry are promoted, and the quality is crossed. The ant collecting technology is also a key important link for artificial feed cultivation of silkworms, and is related to the number of heads of collected silkworms, the physique of the silkworms, the uniformity of the development of the silkworms, labor saving and mechanization degree of operation and the like, and particularly, a simpler and labor-saving ant collecting method is needed under the condition of large-scale co-cultivation of the silkworms so as to reduce the investment of labor force.
At present, the multi-purpose flat-attached seeds for feed cultivation in the south are commonly carried out by combining a bait-drawing method and a dropping method with a feather sweeping method, and have the following defects: firstly, the operation is complicated and the labor is much; secondly, the hatching rate is low, and the hatching is uneven, so that the loss proportion of the silkworm heads is high; thirdly, the newly-hatched silkworms spread all over the world, consume physical strength and are easy to be hungry; fourthly, the ant body is easy to be injured due to improper method or over-heavy exertion; fifthly, the time for collecting the ants is long, which is not beneficial to the regular development of silkworm bodies; sixthly, in the process of collecting the ant on the flat-attached silkworm, one silkworm egg is folded and evenly divided into two parts, and the two parts are cut off by scissors, so that the silkworm egg is not uniformly divided into frames, the feeding is not uniform, the silkworm grows irregularly, and the silkworm egg is damaged.
The feed in the north is used for breeding eggs in a multi-purpose mode, and the ant collecting bag is used for collecting ants in a common mode, so that the labor amount is large. For example, when collecting ants, putting the ant collecting bag with the ant silkworm face upwards in a rearing box, uniformly spreading artificial feed on the ant collecting bag, spreading the artificial feed, after 30-60 minutes, drawing out the ant collecting bag, then arranging the artificial feed into a rectangular area, and covering a plastic cloth; this process is labor intensive and does not allow for mechanized handling. And the industrial and large-scale production is difficult to realize.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a simple ant collecting method for artificial silkworm feed breeding, which starts with the technical links of ant collection based on the physiological development characteristics of silkworms according to the physiological development characteristics of silkworms, and enables the silkworm eggs to simultaneously incubate and collect the ants on feed at one time by optimizing temperature and humidity control, feed pretreatment, temperature supplementation, artificial feed breeding in each period of egg scattering and hatching, directly scattering the eggs on the feed in a set breeding area, mutually combining LED warm light irradiation and the like, so as to achieve the effect of quickly collecting the ants at one time, and avoid the need of seat expanding and seat homogenizing treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms comprises the following steps:
(1) hatching silkworm eggs: placing the scattered silkworm eggs in a biochemical incubator or a special hatching chamber for hatching, dissecting the silkworm eggs with fresh alkaline water at 8-9 am every day in the process of hatching for scattered silkworm eggs, observing the development condition of the silkworm eggs under a microscope, grasping the development degree of embryos, adjusting the temperature and humidity in time before 10 hours, adjusting the silkworm eggs and shaking the silkworm eggs to ensure that the silkworm eggs experience temperature is uniform, promoting the silkworm eggs to be hatched uniformly, and shading treatment is carried out when more than 30% of the silkworm eggs are observed;
(2) 1, bulk seed disinfection: after the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for one day, putting the silkworm eggs into a 0.3% bleaching powder solution to disinfect the egg surfaces of the silkworm eggs for 5-6min, then, drying the silkworm eggs in the air after the silkworm eggs are washed by clear water for later use, and carrying out the next step of hatching; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(3) weighing an egg amount and partitioning: dividing one silkworm egg after 30% turning to green into two parts, wrapping each silkworm egg with red paper, placing the wrapped silkworm egg in a biochemical incubator or a special hatching chamber to continuously shade and hatching until the day of hatching; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
step (3), one loose silkworm seed is a loose silkworm seed, each loose silkworm seed contains 28500 good eggs, the weight is about 15-16 g, and the rate of the good eggs reaches more than 98%;
(4) and (3) feed treatment: the following treatments were carried out on the artificial feed one day before harvesting ants: adding water with the mass of 1.7-1.9 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a fresh-keeping bag, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 2.5-3.5cm, steaming for 30-40min in a water-proof way at 100 ℃, taking out, cooling and placing in a refrigerator for fresh keeping; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ant, heating the feed to 58-62 ℃ by a steaming mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.4-0.6cm and the thickness of 0.2-0.4cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(5) photosensitive termite harvesting: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 6-7 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, extracting a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, and lightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to uniformly throw the silkworm eggs on feed of the target silkworm frame; the whole process from the sensitization of silkworm eggs to the completion of the throwing is completed within half an hour, so that the silkworm dropping caused by the fact that the silkworm eggs are hatched in advance due to overlong time is avoided;
the silkworm egg sieve is a simple cylindrical device for uniformly throwing silkworm eggs, the whole device consists of a silkworm egg throwing screen, a bottom baffle and screen cloth peripheral baffles, the whole screen is a net-shaped structure consisting of fine steel wires, the diameter of the whole screen is 20cm, the size of a net opening is slightly larger than the diameter of the silkworm eggs, a movable stainless steel baffle is arranged at the bottom of the screen cloth to prevent the silkworm eggs laid on the sieve from falling onto a silkworm seat in advance, and the stainless steel baffles with the height of 5cm are welded on the periphery of the screen surface to prevent the silkworm eggs from falling from the periphery;
(6) light supplement and temperature rise: turning on an illuminating lamp and a heating and moisturizing device, setting the temperature to be 28-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 88-92%, and placing silkworm frames in a superposed manner, wherein 13-15 silkworm frames form a single frame (the bottom layer is an empty silkworm frame); the height is 1.3-1.4m, and LED light sensitive lamps are additionally arranged around each silkworm frame.
In the present invention, further, the hastening treatment in step (1) includes two stages, a first stage: the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for 1-4 days, enter the house for protection and hatching at 22-24 ℃, and have relative humidity75-80%, and natural light until embryo 85% develops to E3Entering high-temperature light supplement and green promotion; if the silkworm eggs are not well developed (the silkworm egg turning is not more than 85%), the silkworm eggs can be delayed to enter high-temperature light supplement hatching for urging hatching for half a day, the silkworm eggs are early turned into high-temperature light supplement hatching for urging hatching to influence the non-well development of the embryos at the later stage, and the silkworm eggs are turned into high-temperature light supplement hatching for urging hatching to influence the chemical property; and a second stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 5-10 days, and silkworm egg embryo develops to the E3And in the period, the temperature is adjusted to be 27-28 ℃, the relative humidity is 80-85%, and a 40w fluorescent lamp is additionally adopted for artificial light supplement for 6-8 hours every day except for 12 hours of natural light exposure.
The temperature of the high-temperature light supplement and hastening green is 27-28 ℃.
In the invention, further, after the shading treatment in the step (1) is carried out for 6-9h, a red illuminating lamp is adopted for observation, when the silkworm eggs are turned into uniform silkworms, namely, the silkworm eggs are turned into more than 95%, the silkworm eggs are placed at 27-28 ℃ for dark protection until the current day of hatching, otherwise, the silkworm eggs are subjected to dark protection at 25-26 ℃, and after the silkworm eggs are turned into uniform silkworms, the silkworm eggs are turned into 27-28 ℃ for dark protection until the current day of hatching.
In the invention, the artificial feed in the step (4) is dry powder feed.
The dry powder artificial feed can adopt the artificial feed adopted in the silkworm breeding process commonly used in the field, such as the powder artificial feed prepared by mixing mulberry leaf powder, corn flour, mulberry twig powder, glucose, soybean flour, citric acid, beta-sitosterol and vitamin C according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2:1:2:0.5:0.2: 0.1.
In the invention, further, the silkworm frame in the step (4) has the length of 75-85cm and the width of 55-65 cm.
In the invention, the light-sensitive lamps in the step (6) are 4 movable floor type wall lamp LED yellow warm light lamps with the length of 1.5-1.6 m, and the lamps are arranged perpendicular to the ground.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. on the basis of feed breeding, starting from each technical link of termite collection according to the physiological development characteristics of silkworms, directly scattering eggs on the feed, irradiating by an LED yellow warm light and the like in the process of optimizing temperature and humidity control, feed pretreatment, temperature supplement and artificial feed breeding in each period of egg scattering and hatching acceleration, and achieving the effect of one-time rapid termite collection; realizes the labor-saving and high-efficiency method of feeding ants at one time of one year without feeding materials and expanding and evenly sitting.
2. The simple ant collecting method for silkworm artificial feed breeding provided by the invention adopts a mode of directly broadcasting silkworm seeds to collect ants, namely, the silkworm seeds are fully accelerated to be uniformly and directly spread on the feed of a target silkworm frame, so that the treatment of fixing seats, feeding and the like is facilitated, the fluffy solid feed can buffer the silkworm, the damage to the body of the ant is avoided, in addition, the feed can provide the environment most suitable for the life activity of the silkworm, the quick incubation of the silkworm seeds is facilitated, the optimal performance of the vitality is realized, the process of collecting the ants by one person and one time can be realized, the process of collecting the ants by one person and one time does not need to carry out the complicated procedures of collecting the silkworm by 3-4 times like the plane-attached silkworm seeds, and supplementing materials and expanding the seats when the silkworm is collected in the egg collecting bag without astigmatism; the method of weighing the silkworm eggs in a scattered manner and dividing the silkworm eggs into frames can ensure that the frames are sufficiently and uniformly divided, and the silkworm eggs are prevented from being damaged during the frame division.
3. In the prior art, as the artificial feed contains water and various nutritional ingredients, parasitic reproduction of a plurality of bacteria and fungi, particularly reproduction of lactic acid bacteria, is easily caused, the silkworm eating the feed containing the fungi is easily sick and even died, and the feed is used for feeding silkworm seeds, the resistance of the silkworm seeds is poor, the requirement on the feed is high, and if the silkworm eats the feed with putrefactive odor, the silkworm can die completely. Therefore, it is extremely important to prevent the spoilage of feed; in order to prevent feed spoilage, preservatives such as sorbic acid and acrylic acid are generally added into feed in the prior art, and a proper amount of antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and erythromycin are also added into feed, so that the chemical agents, sorbic acid, acrylic acid and the like have poor feeding performance on silkworms, which causes the development sterility of the silkworms and is not beneficial to the growth of the silkworms, and the antibiotics such as chloramphenicol are limited in livestock feed regulated by the state. The artificial feed is pretreated, the feed is steamed at high temperature one day in advance and then kept fresh in a refrigerator, the feed is taken out the next day and heated to 58-62 ℃ again, the feed is cooked one day in advance, so that the feed is soaked in water uniformly and has consistent filling degree, the taste of the feed can be improved, the feed mesh is small, silkworms can eat the feed conveniently, the mechanical feed cutting is facilitated, the feeding is uniform, the silkworms eat the feed well, the growth is uniform, and the silkworms can grow well; the next day, the temperature is raised again to make the feed reach 58-62 ℃, when the feed to be cut is uniformly spread on the silkworm frame, the optimal temperature required by the incubation of the silkworm eggs can be just 28-29 ℃ after the temperature of the feed is distributed, and the effect of promoting the silkworm eggs to be incubated orderly is achieved; the feed is cooked one day in advance, the feed can be fully sterilized, the labor force structure is optimized, the cooked feed is placed in a refrigerator for preservation, and then the fresh feed is heated again the next day, so that the filling power and the taste of the feed can be improved.
4. The floor type wall lamp (the LED yellow warm light lamp) is additionally arranged, the LED yellow warm light lamp is a light with better physiological phototaxis of the silkworm, is beneficial to the silkworm eggs to produce the ants, is beneficial to full light sensing and heating, and maintains the feed in a proper temperature range, and is beneficial to the physiological development of the silkworm eggs, so that the silkworm eggs are incubated uniformly.
5. The invention limits the silkworm eggs to be scattered on the feed in the silkworm egg scattering process, which is based on the physiology of the silkworm eggs, the silkworm eggs are insects, the life activities naturally find the environment suitable for the silkworm eggs to live, the feed is the best place for the silkworm eggs to live, the silkworm eggs cannot be scattered on the silkworm rearing bed without the feed, the silkworm eggs can be delayed to hatch when scattered on the silkworm rearing bed film mat, the silkworm eggs grow and develop unevenly, if the silkworm eggs delayed to hatch exist, the aim of collecting the silkworm eggs at one time cannot be achieved, and the silkworm eggs grow and develop unevenly, so the breeding cost is increased.
6. The invention fully disinfects the scattered seeds before the photosensitive termite receiving operation, and the feed is steamed and disinfected at high temperature, and the whole process from green urging to termite receiving is carried out by wearing a mask and gloves, thereby avoiding direct contact, killing pathogenic bacteria at the source, reducing bacterial and pathogenic infection in the termite receiving process, and simultaneously avoiding the link of silkworm disinfection after the flat attaching of the scattered seeds and the termite receiving.
7. By adopting the simple ant collecting method for the co-breeding of the feed, the number of the newly-hatched silkworms is large: 15g of silkworm seeds, the number of the heads of the silkworms in the normal open-attached seed dropping method is 2.32 ten thousand (collecting the ants for multiple times), while the number of the heads of the silkworms in the ant collecting method provided by the invention can reach 2.73 ten thousand (collecting the ants for one time), which is 0.14 ten thousand more than that of the conventional silkworms in, the yield of fresh cocoons can be increased by 2.5kg according to 1kg of fresh cocoons produced by 560 silkworms, and the yield of fresh cocoons can be increased by 100 yuan according to 40 yuan per kilogram of cocoons; the simple termite collecting method for co-breeding of the feed provided by the invention has the advantages that the incidence rate is reduced by more than 5% without damage to the termite body, the number of cocoons is increased by more than 1300, and the yield of the silkworm cocoons can be increased by 2.3kg and more than 90 yuan according to the calculation that 560-head silkworm cocoons produce 1 kg. Therefore, the method provided by the invention can save cost and improve efficiency by more than 190 yuan for each silkworm. In addition, the method provided by the invention can complete the ant harvesting once only by 1 person per silkworm in the ant harvesting link (operators in the method only need to feed, harvest, expand seat and evenly seat and supplement the material for harvesting the ants for one-year silkworms), and the labor cost is saved by more than 3-4 times compared with that of 2 persons (silkworms of the first age of the flat-attached type include the time needed by feeding, harvesting, expand seat and evenly seat and supplement the material) who take 15.2-16.3 minutes per person for harvesting the ants once, and the time is more for harvesting the ants for the second time or the third time.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples may help one skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms, which comprises the following steps:
(1) hatching silkworm eggs: placing the scattered silkworm eggs in a biochemical incubator for incubation treatment, dissecting the silkworm eggs with fresh alkaline water at 8 am every day in the scattered silkworm egg incubation process, observing the development condition of the silkworm eggs under a microscope, mastering the development degree of embryos, so as to adjust the temperature and the humidity in time before 10 hours, adjusting the seeds and shaking the eggs, enabling the temperature sensed by the silkworm eggs to be uniform, promoting the silkworm eggs to be incubated uniformly, and shading treatment is carried out when more than 30% of the silkworm eggs are observed; shading for 6h, illuminating with red light to observe silkworm egg development, when silkworm egg turns to green more than 95%, protecting with 27 deg.C dark until hatching day, otherwise protecting with 25 deg.C dark for 24h, turning to green, and protecting with 27 deg.C dark until hatching day;
the hastening treatment comprises two stages, namely a first stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 1-4 days, is subjected to protection and hatching promotion at 22 ℃ with relative humidity of 75%, is naturally illuminated until 85% of embryo develops to the stage of E3The stage of high-temperature light supplement and incubation is carried out, if silkworm eggs are abnormally developed, the silkworm eggs can be delayed to enter high temperature from half a day to one day, the silkworm eggs are prematurely transferred to the high temperature, the embryo is abnormally developed in the later stage, and the silkworm eggs are transferred to the high temperature too late to influence the chemical property; and a second stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 5-10 days, and silkworm egg embryo develops to the E3In the period, the temperature is adjusted to be 27 ℃, the relative humidity is 80%, and besides the natural light sensing time of 12 hours every day, a 40w fluorescent lamp is additionally adopted for manual light supplement for 6 hours; the temperature of the high-temperature light supplement and green promotion is 27 ℃;
(2) 1, bulk seed disinfection: after the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for one day, putting the silkworm eggs into a 0.3% bleaching powder solution to disinfect the egg surfaces of the silkworm eggs for 5min, then drying the silkworm eggs in the air after passing through clear water for later use, and carrying out the next step of hatching; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(3) weighing an egg amount and partitioning: dividing one silkworm egg after 30% turning to green into two parts, wrapping each silkworm egg with red paper, placing the wrapped silkworm egg in a biochemical incubator, and continuously shading and hastening green until the day of incubation; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(4) and (3) feed treatment: the following treatments were carried out on the artificial feed one day before harvesting ants: adding water with the mass of 1.7 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a fresh-keeping bag, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 2.5cm, steaming and boiling for 30min in a water-proof way at 100 ℃, taking out, cooling and then placing in a refrigerator for fresh keeping; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ants, heating the feed to 58 ℃ in a cooking mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.4cm and the thickness of 0.2cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame; the silkworm frame is 75cm long and 55cm wide; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks; the artificial feed is dry powder feed; the artificial feed is a powdery artificial feed prepared by mixing mulberry leaf powder, corn flour, mulberry twig powder, glucose, soybean flour, citric acid, beta-sitosterol and vitamin C according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2:1:2:0.5:0.2: 0.1;
(5) photosensitive termite harvesting: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 6 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, drawing a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, and lightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to uniformly throw the silkworm eggs on feed of the target silkworm frame; the whole process from the sensitization of silkworm eggs to the completion of the throwing is completed within half an hour, so that the silkworm dropping caused by the fact that the silkworm eggs are hatched in advance due to overlong time is avoided;
(6) light supplement and temperature rise: turning on an illuminating lamp and a heating and moisturizing device, setting the temperature to be 28 ℃ and the humidity to be 88%, stacking the silkworm frames, wherein 13 silkworm frames are one frame and are 1.3m high, and meanwhile, arranging light-sensitive lamps around each silkworm frame; the sensitive light lamp is 4 movable floor type wall lamps of 40W LED yellow warm light lamps, the length of the lamp is 1.5 meters, and the lamp is arranged perpendicular to the ground.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms, which comprises the following steps:
(1) hatching silkworm eggs: placing the scattered silkworm eggs in a special hatching chamber for hatching, dissecting the silkworm eggs with fresh alkaline water at 8 am every day in the process of hatching the scattered silkworm eggs, observing the development condition of the silkworm eggs under a microscope, mastering the development degree of embryos, so as to adjust the temperature and the humidity in time before 10 hours, adjusting the seeds, shaking the eggs, enabling the temperature sensed by the silkworm eggs to be uniform, promoting the silkworm eggs to be hatched uniformly, and shading treatment is carried out when more than 30% of the silkworm eggs are observed; shading for 8h, illuminating with red light to observe silkworm egg development, when silkworm egg turns to green more than 95%, protecting with 27.5 deg.C in dark until hatching day, otherwise protecting with 25.5 deg.C in dark for 30h, turning to green, and protecting with 27.5 deg.C in dark until hatching day;
the hastening treatment comprises two stages, namely a first stage: the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for 1-4 days, enter the house for protection and hatching at 23 ℃, have the relative humidity of 77 percent and are naturally givenIllumination until 85% of embryos develop to E3The stage of high-temperature light supplement and incubation is carried out, if silkworm eggs are abnormally developed, the silkworm eggs can be delayed to enter high temperature from half a day to one day, the silkworm eggs are prematurely transferred to the high temperature, the embryo is abnormally developed in the later stage, and the silkworm eggs are transferred to the high temperature too late to influence the chemical property; and a second stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 5-10 days, and silkworm egg embryo develops to the E3In the period, the temperature is adjusted to be 27.5 ℃, the relative humidity is 83%, and besides the natural light sensing time of 12 hours, a 40w fluorescent lamp is additionally adopted for artificial light supplement for 7 hours every day; the temperature of the high-temperature light supplement and green promotion is 27.5 ℃;
(2) 1, bulk seed disinfection: after the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for one day, putting the silkworm eggs into a 0.3% bleaching powder solution to disinfect the egg surfaces of the silkworm eggs for 5.5min, then, drying the silkworm eggs in the air after passing through clear water for later use, and carrying out the next step of hatching; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(3) weighing an egg amount and partitioning: dividing one silkworm egg after 30% turning to green into two parts, wrapping each silkworm egg with red paper, placing the wrapped silkworm egg in a biochemical incubator, and continuously shading and hastening green until the day of incubation; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(4) and (3) feed treatment: the following treatments were carried out on the artificial feed one day before harvesting ants: adding water with the mass of 1.8 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring the mixture by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a freshness protection package, bagging the freshness protection package, rolling the freshness protection package until the thickness of the feed is 3.0cm, steaming the feed for 35min at 100 ℃ in a water-proof manner, taking out the feed, cooling the feed, and placing the feed in a refrigerator for freshness protection; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ants, heating the feed to 60 ℃ in a cooking mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.5cm and the thickness of 0.3cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame; the silkworm frame is 80cm long and 60cm wide; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks; the artificial feed is dry powder feed; the artificial feed is a powdery artificial feed prepared by mixing mulberry leaf powder, corn flour, mulberry twig powder, glucose, soybean flour, citric acid, beta-sitosterol and vitamin C according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2:1:2:0.5:0.2: 0.1;
(5) photosensitive termite harvesting: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 6 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, drawing a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, and lightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to uniformly throw the silkworm eggs on feed of the target silkworm frame; the whole process from the sensitization of silkworm eggs to the completion of the throwing is completed within half an hour, so that the silkworm dropping caused by the fact that the silkworm eggs are hatched in advance due to overlong time is avoided;
(6) light supplement and temperature rise: turning on an illuminating lamp and a heating and moisturizing device, setting the temperature to be 29 ℃ and the humidity to be 90%, stacking silkworm frames, wherein 14 silkworm frames are one frame and are 1.3m high, and meanwhile, arranging light-sensitive lamps around each silkworm frame; the sensitive light lamp is 4 movable floor type wall lamps of 40W LED yellow warm light lamps, the length of the lamp is 1.6 meters, and the lamp is arranged perpendicular to the ground.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms, which comprises the following steps:
(1) hatching silkworm eggs: placing the scattered silkworm eggs in a biochemical incubator for incubation treatment, dissecting the silkworm eggs with fresh alkaline water at 9 am every day in the scattered silkworm egg incubation process, observing the development condition of the silkworm eggs under a microscope, mastering the development degree of embryos, so as to adjust the temperature and the humidity in time before 10 hours, adjusting the silkworm eggs, shaking the silkworm eggs to ensure that the silkworm eggs experience temperature is uniform, promoting the silkworm eggs to be incubated uniformly, and shading treatment is carried out when more than 30% of the silkworm eggs are observed; shading for 9h, illuminating with red light to observe silkworm egg development, when silkworm egg turns to green to more than 95%, protecting with 28 deg.C dark until hatching day, otherwise protecting with 26 deg.C dark for 36h, and turning to green and then protecting with 28 deg.C dark until hatching day;
the hastening treatment comprises two stages, namely a first stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 1-4 days, is subjected to protection and hatching promotion at 24 ℃, has relative humidity of 80 percent, and is naturally illuminated until 85 percent of embryo develops to the stage of E3The stage of high-temperature light supplement and incubation is carried out, if silkworm eggs are abnormally developed, the silkworm eggs can be delayed to enter high temperature from half a day to one day, the silkworm eggs are prematurely transferred to the high temperature, the embryo is abnormally developed in the later stage, and the silkworm eggs are transferred to the high temperature too late to influence the chemical property; and a second stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 5-10 days, and silkworm egg embryo develops to the E3Regulation of season and seasonThe temperature is 28 ℃, the relative humidity is 85%, and a 40w fluorescent lamp is additionally adopted for manual light supplement for 8 hours every day except for 12 hours of natural light sensing; the temperature of the high-temperature light supplement and hastening green is 28 ℃;
(2) 1, bulk seed disinfection: after the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for one day, putting the silkworm eggs into a 0.3% bleaching powder solution to disinfect the egg surfaces of the silkworm eggs for 6min, then drying the silkworm eggs in the air after passing through clear water for later use, and carrying out the next step of hatching; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(3) weighing an egg amount and partitioning: dividing one silkworm egg after 30% turning to green into two parts, wrapping each silkworm egg with red paper, placing the wrapped silkworm egg in a biochemical incubator, and continuously shading and hastening green until the day of incubation; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks;
(4) and (3) feed treatment: the following treatments were carried out on the artificial feed one day before harvesting ants: adding water with the mass of 1.9 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a fresh-keeping bag, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 3.5cm, steaming and boiling for 40min in a water-proof way at 100 ℃, taking out, cooling and then placing in a refrigerator for fresh keeping; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ants, heating the feed to 62 ℃ in a cooking mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.6cm and the thickness of 0.4cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame; the silkworm frame is 85cm long and 65cm wide; the whole process is operated by wearing disposable gloves and masks; the artificial feed is dry powder feed; the artificial feed is a powdery artificial feed prepared by mixing mulberry leaf powder, corn flour, mulberry twig powder, glucose, soybean flour, citric acid, beta-sitosterol and vitamin C according to the mass ratio of 2:3:2:1:2:0.5:0.2: 0.1;
(5) photosensitive termite harvesting: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 7 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, drawing a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, slightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to uniformly throw the silkworm eggs on the feed of the target silkworm frame, and scattering silkworm eggs on the feed as much as possible; the whole process from the sensitization of silkworm eggs to the completion of the throwing is completed within half an hour, so that the silkworm dropping caused by the fact that the silkworm eggs are hatched in advance due to overlong time is avoided;
(6) light supplement and temperature rise: turning on an illuminating lamp and a heating and moisturizing device, setting the temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 92%, stacking the silkworm frames, wherein 15 silkworm frames are one frame and are 1.4m high, and meanwhile, arranging light sensitive lamps around each silkworm frame; the sensitive lamp is 4 movable floor type wall lamps of 40W LED warm light lamps, the length of the lamp is 1.6 meters, and the lamp is arranged perpendicular to the ground.
Effect verification
To illustrate the utility of the present application, applicants have divided the following groups for comparative testing:
a first group: the simple ant collecting method of the artificial feed breeding in the embodiment 2 of the invention;
second group: the step of sterilization of the scattered seeds is removed, and the other modes are strictly carried out according to the embodiment 2;
third group: the step of feed treatment was eliminated, but the feed used was the same as that used in example 2, but otherwise was carried out exactly as in example 2;
and a fourth group: the steps of the feed treatment are modified as follows: adding water with the mass of 1.8 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the uniformly stirred feed into a freshness protection package, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 3.0cm, steaming and boiling for 40min at 100 ℃ in a water-proof way, taking out, cooling, heating the feed to 60 ℃ by a steaming and boiling way, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.5cm and the thickness of 0.3cm, and uniformly and flatly paving the feed in a silkworm frame; the silkworm frame is 80cm long and 60cm wide; otherwise exactly as in example 2;
and a fifth group: the steps of the feed treatment are modified as follows: adding water with the mass of 1.8 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a fresh-keeping bag, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 3.0cm, steaming and boiling for 40min in a water-proof way at 100 ℃, taking out, cooling and then placing in a refrigerator for fresh keeping; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ants, heating the feed to 28 ℃ in a cooking mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.5cm and the thickness of 0.3cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame; the silkworm frame is 80cm long and 60cm wide; otherwise exactly as in example 2;
a sixth group: modifying the step of photosensitive termite receiving into the following steps: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 7 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, drawing a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, and lightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to enable the silkworm eggs to be scattered on the silkworm frame; the whole process from the sensitization of silkworm eggs to the completion of the throwing is completed within half an hour, so that the silkworm dropping caused by the fact that the silkworm eggs are hatched in advance due to overlong time is avoided; otherwise exactly as in example 2;
a seventh group: modifying the step of photosensitive termite receiving into the following steps: spreading feed with an area of 30cm and a width of 20cm on a silkworm frame before collecting the ants, then covering silkworm egg paper on the feed, taking away the silkworm egg paper after 1h, remaining the silkworm egg paper which is not covered with the feed, shaking the silkworm eggs on the feed by a dropping method, expanding and homogenizing after 30min, and supplementing the feed to the full frame; in addition to the above differences, the procedure was exactly as in example 2;
and an eighth group: carrying out green forcing according to the standard of the perennial green forcing, cutting and flatly paving the artificial feed in a silkworm frame before collecting the ants on the day of collecting the ants, and uniformly dropping the newly-hatched silkworms on the feed; when the silkworm eggs are not completely hatched, the newly harvested silkworms need to be collected for the second time.
Comparing the ant-harvesting effects of the above groups and recording the data as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of several groups of Ant-harvesting methods
(note: the time required for collecting the ants of the first instar silkworms comprises the time required by feeding, collecting the ants, expanding the seats, homogenizing the seats and supplementing materials.)
The results in table 1 show that the method for collecting ants can achieve the effect of quickly, labor-saving and efficiently collecting ants at one time, the time for collecting ants is saved by more than 1 time, and the hair-thinning rate and the hatching rate of 24 hours are higher than those of other methods.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hatching silkworm eggs: placing the scattered silkworm eggs in a biochemical incubator or a hatching chamber for hatching, dissecting the silkworm eggs with fresh alkaline water at 8-9 am every day in the process of hatching for scattered silkworm eggs, observing the development condition of the silkworm eggs, adjusting the silkworm eggs, shaking the silkworm eggs to ensure that the silkworm eggs experience uniform temperature, and shading when more than 30% of the silkworm eggs are observed;
(2) 1, bulk seed disinfection: after the silkworm eggs are taken out of the house for one day, putting the silkworm eggs into a 0.3% bleaching powder solution to disinfect the egg surfaces of the silkworm eggs for 5-6min, then, drying the silkworm eggs in the air after the silkworm eggs are washed by clear water for later use, and carrying out the next step of hatching;
(3) weighing an egg amount and partitioning: dividing one silkworm egg after 30% turning to green into two parts, wrapping each silkworm egg with red paper, placing the wrapped silkworm egg in a biochemical incubator or a hatching chamber to continuously shade light and promote hatching until the day of hatching;
(4) and (3) feed treatment: the following treatments were carried out on the artificial feed one day before harvesting ants: adding water with the mass of 1.7-1.9 times of the artificial feed into the artificial feed, fully stirring by using a stirrer, then filling the stirred feed into a fresh-keeping bag, bagging, rolling until the thickness of the feed is 2.5-3.5cm, steaming for 30-40min in a water-proof way at 100 ℃, taking out, cooling and placing in a refrigerator for fresh keeping; taking out the feed on the day of collecting ant, heating the feed to 58-62 ℃ by a steaming mode, cutting the feed into strip-shaped feed with the width of 0.4-0.6cm and the thickness of 0.2-0.4cm, and uniformly spreading the feed in a silkworm frame;
(5) photosensitive termite harvesting: taking out the silkworm eggs treated in the step (3) at 6-7 a.m., uniformly mixing the silkworm eggs and the sterilized fine yellow sand according to the mass ratio of 1:2, spreading the mixture on a silkworm egg sieve, moving the silkworm egg sieve to a position above a target silkworm frame and 10cm away from the height of the silkworm frame, extracting a baffle plate at the bottom of the silkworm egg sieve, and lightly shaking the silkworm egg sieve to uniformly throw the silkworm eggs on feed of the target silkworm frame;
(6) light supplement and temperature rise: turning on an illuminating lamp and a heating and moisturizing device, setting the temperature to be 28-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 88-92%, stacking silkworm frames, wherein 13-15 silkworm frames form one silkworm frame, and additionally arranging LED photosensitive lamps around each silkworm frame;
the hastening treatment in the step (1) comprises two stages, namely a first stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 1-4 days, enters the house at 22-24 ℃ for protection and hatching, has relative humidity of 75-80 percent, and is naturally illuminated until 85 percent of embryo grows to be pentane3The stage is to enter high-temperature light supplement and incubation, if the silkworm eggs are not developed uniformly, the stage is to enter high-temperature light supplement and incubation for half a day; and a second stage: silkworm egg is taken out of the house for 5-10 days, and silkworm egg embryo develops to the E3And in the period, the temperature is adjusted to be 27-28 ℃, the relative humidity is 80-85%, and a 40w fluorescent lamp is additionally adopted for artificial light supplement for 6-8 hours every day except for 12 hours of natural light exposure.
2. The simple ant collecting method for silkworm artificial feed rearing according to claim 1, wherein after the shading treatment in step (1) is performed for 6-9 hours, a red illuminating lamp is used for observation, when the silkworm turning to green reaches more than 95%, the silkworm is placed at 27-28 ℃ for dark protection until the day of hatching, otherwise, the silkworm is protected by dark at 25-26 ℃ for 24-36 hours, and after turning to green, the silkworm is turned to 27-28 ℃ for dark protection until the day of hatching.
3. The method for simply collecting ants in artificial feed for silkworms of claim 1, wherein the artificial feed of the step (4) is dry powdered feed.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the length of the silkworm frame in the step (4) is 75-85cm, and the width thereof is 55-65 cm.
5. The simple termite harvesting method for silkworm artificial feed rearing according to claim 1, wherein the light sensing lamps in step (6) are 4 movable floor type wall lamp LED warm light lamps with the length of 1.5-1.6 m and are arranged perpendicular to the ground.
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| CN202011195346.3A CN112273339B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms |
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| CN114287397A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 | Ant collecting process for rapidly putting silkworm eggs in industrial silkworm breeding |
| CN114287396B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-12-29 | 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 | Ant collecting process for factory-like silkworm breeding and convenient for taking silkworm eggs |
| CN114304078B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-03-07 | 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 | Ant collecting process for industrial silkworm breeding |
| CN114287402A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 | Ant collecting sheet type ant collecting process for industrial silkworm breeding |
| CN114291309B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-12-19 | 嵊州陌桑高科股份有限公司 | Ant collecting process for full-age factory silkworm breeding |
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