CN1122652A - Agent for picking up cotton buds and cultivation steps adopted for the agent - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a kind of cotton premature bud picking agent and its related cultivation technology. It reduces the labour intensity and working capacity for picking off the premature buds, and also overcomes the defects in early ageing, easy rotting cotton boll and lodging and not suffering from drought for ground film cultivated cotton. Tests verified that it can increase the yield for 10-30%, raise the quality of cotton 1-2 grade.

Description

Agent for picking up cotton buds and corresponding cultivation measure thereof

The present invention relates to the flower bud that grows cotton early and extract the chemical formulation of medicament and the cotton yield stable yields cultivation technique measure that matches with it.Particularly a kind ofly can be used in medicament and the technology that medium above fertility is early sent out the cotton field.

Early eighties, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica at first uses the economic ecology principle at home, by network analysis, by on the dissimilar plot in north, cotton region, North China, two ends, south, with ripe and early-maturing variety in tens kinds of upland cotton of a large amount of plantations, carry out hundreds of time cotton bollworm natural hazard and manual removal cotton buds and bolls and simulated the test of causing harm, found that cotton has very strong compensation ability for early stage (flower bud phase) flower bud loss, but this ability descends rapidly along with the fertility level in plot and the postponement in season.Under general fertility level, June, every strain cotton was plucked about 10 behind the early stage flower bud because of insect bite or hand to the beginning of July, and volume increase has significantly appearred in the finally not only not underproduction on the contrary, and amount of increase in production is mostly 10-30%.Since nineteen eighty-three, various places (comprising the cotton region, the Changjiang river) have verified that repeatedly this effect, every mu increase by 30-50 yuan of economic benefits, nearly more than 100 yuan, this achievement in research has been passed through the technical appraisement of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in November, 1984, obtains Chinese Academy of Sciences's scientific and technological progress first prize in 1986.Meanwhile, the cotton good quality and high output knot bell mode cultivation technology that Shandong Agricultural Administrators College was tested and appraised in 1987, its main contents are also relevant therewith, promptly promote cotton prematurity, make the high light of colony's branches and leaves and usefulness and high temperature, rich light, wet season synchronous, set up the group structure of high light efficiency, improve the photosynthetic product total amount, for high yield and high quality is laid material base.The adjusting knot bell of blooming makes the high honeybee phase of bell of blooming into of cotton synchronous with the best knot bell phase, realizes the best knot of good quality and high output bell pattern, and its key is exactly by extracing flower bud morning, control Fu Qiantao, going late flower bud, control late autumn peach.Studies show that early sending out cotton excision flower bud morning has following effect: 1. control Fu Qiantao, reduce mashed peach.2. promote to nourish and grow, help putting up the high yield shelf.3. prevent cotton premature senescence, promote to concentrate to increase and tie the high-quality cotton boll.4. improve output and quality.

This technology is since promoting, and difficulty is bigger, and the one, relevant with cotton grower's customary cognition, the 2nd, the flower bud amount of taking a lot of work is big owing to manually plucking, the labour intensity height, and the time is again on the occasion of the three summer jobs time, the labour is quite nervous, and cotton worm takes place to misfit or the like with the time of plucking flower bud, causes popularization to be made slow progress.In recent years, along with the large tracts of land of film-mulching technique is promoted, it is increasing early to send out acreage under cotton, and this has brought new problem for Cotton Production again, and promptly the mulch film cotton field is early sent out early stage, and Fu Qiantao is many; Mid-term prosperous length, fruit abscission rate rate height; Easy early ageing of later stage, the chance abundance of water time, mashed bell was serious; Root system is shallow and lack, not anti-morning in later stage, easily problem such as lodging.Had a strong impact on performance that mulch film early sends out the stable high yield of cotton and mulch film benefit for this reason, numerous cotton growers and technical staff author actively seeking redress.

Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of cotton flower bud excision agent early of practicality and the cotton good year production cultivation technique measure that matches with it.It not only can reduce the labour intensity and the amount of labour used that the cotton grower extracts square, quicken the popularization of this technology, and be the center, formed the complete cotton yield stable yield and high quality cultivation system of a cover with this measure, overcome that easily decline, easily fall in the plastic mulching cotton field, rotten peach, drought susceptible shortcoming.

The present invention be use for reference at present existing cotton pluck on the basis of flower bud effect of increasing production research early and the model study of cotton good quality and high output knot bell adopt agents for defoliating and stabilizing agent, prevent that moisture content scatters and disappears agent, the reasonably combined cotton plant of adjusting of controlling excessive growth agent, light respiring inhibitor and nutritive element is behind the use agents for defoliating and the various disorder phenomenons of appearance.Compare with original technology, increase stabilizing agent, prevented moisture content scatter and disappear agent, light respiring inhibitor and nutritive element, thereby suppressed simple use agents for defoliating and the blade dehydration, photosynthesis reduction, the excessive growth that cause and take off fertilizer etc. and be unfavorable for that the phenomenon of cotton plant normal growth occurs.On culture technique, adopt plastic mulching to send out short morning; Use rooting promoter to promote root system development, prevent lodging, strengthen drought resistance; Drought resistance agent alleviates the middle and later periods arid; Light respiring inhibitor reduces nutriment consumption minimizing physiology and comes off; Use and pluck flower bud agent excision flower bud early, reduce mashed bell, optimize the bell pattern of tying; Enrich fertilizer, prevent early ageing; Adopt the chemical regulation means, prevent a series of supplementary measures such as excessive growth, can improve bolling rate effectively, reduce mashed bell, many knot volt peaches and early autumn peach, improve cotton quality.Compare with present technology, increased chemical application of plucking the flower bud agent, drought resistance agent, the long agent of control, light respiring inhibitor, rooting promoter and nutritive element growth characteristic according to the mulch film cotton, organically combine,, regulate and control at the principal contradiction of different growth and development stages, changed the sort of concentrating on one thing only in the past, the old customs of curing the symptoms, not the disease have reached and have treated both principal and secondary aspect of disease, the purpose of stable high yield high-quality.Through test, adopt chemistry to pluck the cotton field of flower bud agent early and its corresponding cultivation techniques, effect of increasing production is between 10-80%, and every mu of pure economic benefit that increases is at 100-200 yuan, and cotton grade improves 1-2 grades.

The objective of the invention is to finish in the following way.(1) prescription of agent for picking up cotton buds (part) is: fulvic acid (4-8), sodium hydrogensulfite (2-8), help strong plain (8-10), ethrel (55-65), auxiliary agent (10-20).Its mechanism is such, and cotton plant forms absciss layer rapidly on the flower bud handle under the effect of ethrel, come off then.Fulvic acid can play the effect that blade moisture content scatters and disappears that suppresses, thereby prevent blade to be injured and come off, help strong element can suppress owing to the cotton plant excessive growth that causes behind the bud drop, sodium hydrogensulfite can play and suppress owing to the cotton plant that causes after the medication is too breathed, thereby saves organic nutrition.(2) main corresponding cultivation measure is: 1. plastic mulching or seedling raising and transplanting are done sth. in advance 20-80 days insemination and emergences, promote cotton plant early to send out, and prolong breeding time.2. flower bud agent, rooting promoter are plucked in (25-July 5 June) use before just spending, and pluck 8-10 flower buds early, change organic nutrition assign direction and ratio, promote well developed root system, adjust optimization knot bell pattern.3. the middle and later periods (20-September 10 August) is used drought resisting, short root, agent for improving pollination used inflorescence.Main Ingredients and Appearance is: ABT, fulvic acid, sodium hydrogensulfite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax.To promote root growth, strengthen drought-resistant ability, increase knot volt peach and early autumn peach.4. later stage foliage spray, the extra-nutrition element.5. use the time of infertility and help strong element to carry out chemical regulation, optimize plant morphological structure.

Claims (2)

1, a kind ofly can be applicable to that medium above fertility early sends out the cotton field, the cotton that can make cotton yield, stable yields, high-quality early flower bud is extractd medicament and the main cultivation step supporting with it, it is characterized in that: 1. cotton early flower bud extract agent.Prescription (part) is: fulvic acid (4-8), sodium hydrogensulfite (2-3), help strong element (8-10), ethrel (55-65), auxiliary agent (10-20).2. with pluck the main cultivation technique measure that the flower bud agent matches and be: plastic mulching or seedling raising and transplanting were done sth. in advance insemination and emergence 20-30 days, impelled cotton plant early to send out, and prolonged breeding time.Flower bud agent, rooting promoter are plucked in (25-July 5 June) use before just spending, and extract about 8-10 flower buds early, change organic nutrition assign direction and ratio, promote well developed root system, adjust optimization knot bell pattern.Middle and later periods (20-September 10 August) is used drought resisting, short root, agent for improving pollination used inflorescence, improves the drought-enduring power of cotton plant, reduces the fruit abscission rate rate, increases knot peach in early autumn.Foliage spray in the term of opening bolls, the extra-nutrition element delays leaf senile.Use the time of infertility and help strong element to carry out chemical regulation, optimize plant morphological structure.

2, according to claim 1, the middle and later periods (20-September 10 August) is used drought resisting, short root, agent for improving pollination used inflorescence, and its prescription is: ABT, fulvic acid, sodium hydrogensulfite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax.