CN112246269A - 一种C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光还原Cr6+中的应用 - Google Patents
一种C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光还原Cr6+中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007540 photo-reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910002475 Cu2ZnSnS4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- WILFBXOGIULNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper sulfanylidenetin zinc Chemical compound [Sn]=S.[Zn].[Cu] WILFBXOGIULNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinitrooxystannyl nitrate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了的一种C3N4‑Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光催化还原Cr6+方面的应用,属于光催化剂制备技术领域。其方法包括:1)将C3N4前驱体源进行煅烧,研磨,并进行二次煅烧后得到C3N4;2)将铜源、锌源、锡源、硫源、螯合剂与制备得到的C3N4进行水热反应,洗涤干燥后得到所述的C3N4‑Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂。本发明制备得到的光催化剂具有光生载流子分离能力强,可见光响应范围广(400~800 nm)等优点,能够用于光催化还原Cr6+离子。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及催化剂技术领域,具体涉及一种C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光还原Cr6+中的应用。
背景技术
六价铬(Cr6+)可能造成遗传性基因缺陷,吸入可能致癌,对环境有持久危险性。但是,铬金属、Cr3+或Cr4+并不具有这些毒性。Cr6+很易被人体吸收,它可通过消化、呼吸道、皮肤及粘膜侵入人体。有报道,通过呼吸空气中含有不同浓度的铬酸酐时出现不同程度的沙哑、鼻粘膜萎缩,严重时还可使鼻中隔穿孔和支气管扩张等。经消化道侵入时可引起呕吐、腹疼。经皮肤侵入时会产生皮炎和湿疹。危害最大的是长期或短期接触或吸入时有致癌危险。
目前有多种方法已被用于降解Cr6+离子,其中光催化降解被认为是一种廉价快速的降解方法,光催化使用太阳能产生活性自由基,可以迅速的降解各种污染物。C3N4作为一种平面型类石墨烯结构的新型非金属光催化材料,比传统的TiO2光催化剂的吸收范围(200~350 nm)相比,其吸收光谱范围更宽(200~350nm),。但是,单纯的C3N4具有较小的比表面积,光生电子和空穴的复合速度较快,限制了其进一步应用。为此,我们使用了铜锌锡硫化合物(Cu2ZnSnS4)对其进行改性增强,从而提高其光催化还原Cr6+的性能。
发明内容
本发明针对上述背景技术中的相关技术问题,提供了一种C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光还原Cr6+中的应用,制备得到的产品可以对Cr6+进行高效的光还原。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
(1)对C3N4的前躯体源进行煅烧,研磨,并进行再煅烧后得到C3N4。
(2)将铜源、锌源、锡源、硫源、螯合剂与制备得到的C3N4进行水热反应,洗涤干燥后得到所述的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中,所述C3N4的前驱体源优选使用硫脲、三聚氰胺或尿素,C3N4的合成需要用所述前驱体源以3~5℃/min升温速度升至400~600℃后煅烧2~6 h,研磨1~3 h, 而后在400-600℃进行二次煅烧合成。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,铜源优选使用氯化铜、硝酸铜或硫酸铜。锌源优选使用氯化锌、硝酸锌或硫酸锌。锡源优选使用氯化锡、硝酸锡或硫酸锡。硫源优选使用谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸或甲硫氨酸。螯合剂优选使用乙二胺四乙酸、氨基三乙酸或二亚乙基三胺五乙酸。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,铜源与锌源摩尔比为1:1~1.2的,锌源与锡源摩尔比为1:1~1.2。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,铜源与半胱氨酸摩尔比为1:1~3。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,铜源与乙二胺四乙酸摩尔比为1:1~3。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,C3N4的质量分数为总质量的10 %~30 %。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,水热反应的温度为150~200℃。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂的合成中,水热反应的时间为10~14 h。
相比现有技术,本发明具有如下有益效果:
通过合成C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂,产生了pn异质结,能够提高光生空穴及电子在pn结界面的有效分离,抑制光生载流子复合,进一步提高了可见光的利用效率,最终提高了复合催化剂在还原Cr6+方面的催化性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中光还原Cr6+活性测试图。
图2是本发明实施例2中光还原Cr6+活性测试图。
图3是本发明实施例3中光还原Cr6+活性测试图。
图4是本发明实施例4中光还原Cr6+活性测试图。
图5是本发明实施例5中光还原Cr6+活性测试图。
图6是本发明实施例1~5中光还原Cr6+活性测试对比图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种上述方案所述的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂及其对Cr6+光催化还原的应用。
为了进一步说明本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细地描述,但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
使用步骤1中制备得到的C3N4对Cr6+进行光催化还原测试,取25 mL的Cr6+溶液(1 mg/mL),加入1 mg的C3N4搅拌30 min,随后使用氙灯对其进行光催化测试,每分钟取1 mL样品,加入0.1 mL二苯氨基脲溶液(0.4 g/L)对其进行显色反应,随后进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,测试结果如图1所示,随着氙灯照射时间的增加,溶液中Cr6+含量逐渐减少,但是8 min内未实现完全还原降解。
实施例2
使用步骤2中制备得到的Cu2ZnSnS4对Cr6+进行光催化降解测试,取25 mL的Cr6+溶液(1 mg/mL),加入1 mg的Cu2ZnSnS4搅拌30 min,随后使用氙灯对其进行光催化测试,每分钟取1 mL样品,加入0.1 mL二苯氨基脲溶液(0.4 g/L)对其进行显色反应,随后进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,测试结果如图2所示,随着氙灯照射时间的增加,溶液中Cr6+含量逐渐减少,并在7 min左右达到完全还原降解。
实施例3
使用步骤2中制备得到的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4合对Cr6+进行光催化降解测试,其中C3N4的质量分数为总的10 %,记为C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-1,取25 mL的Cr6+溶液(1 mg/mL),加入1 mg的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-1搅拌30 min,随后使用氙灯对其进行光催化测试,每分钟取1 mL样品,加入0.1 mL二苯氨基脲溶液(0.4 g/L)对其进行显色反应,随后进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,测试结果如图3所示,随着氙灯照射时间的增加,溶液中Cr6+含量逐渐减少,并在7 min内达到完全还原降解。
实施例4
使用步骤2中制备得到的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4对Cr6+进行光催化降解测试,其中C3N4的质量分数为总的20 %,记为C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-2,取25 mL的Cr6+溶液(1 mg/mL),加入1 mg的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-2搅拌30 min,随后使用氙灯对其进行光催化测试,每分钟取1 mL样品,加入0.1mL二苯氨基脲溶液(0.4 g/L)对其进行显色反应,随后进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,测试结果如图4所示,随着氙灯照射时间的增加,溶液中Cr6+含量逐渐减少,在5 min内达到完全还原降解。
实施例5
使用步骤2中制备得到的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4对Cr6+进行光催化降解测试,其中C3N4的质量分数为总的30 %,记为C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-3,取25 mL的Cr6+溶液(1 mg/mL),加入1 mg的C3N4-Cu2ZnSnS4-3合搅拌30 min,随后使用氙灯对其进行光催化测试,每分钟取1 mL样品,加入0.1 mL二苯氨基脲溶液(0.4 g/L)对其进行显色反应,随后进行紫外-可见吸收光谱测试,测试结果如图5所示,随着氙灯照射时间的增加,溶液中Cr6+含量逐渐减少,并在8 min内完全还原降解。
实施例6
取实施例1-5中的紫外-可见吸收光谱中的吸收峰峰值(540 nm)做各个催化剂催化性能测试的分析总图,如图所示,在复合了C3N4与Cu2ZnSnS4之后,不同的C3N4质量分数对性能产生了不同的影响,当C3N4的质量分数为20 %的时候为最佳,其降解时间为5 min。
还需要说明的是,本发明的具体实施例只是用来示例性说明,并不以任何方式限定本发明的保护范围,本领域的相关技术人员可以根据上述一些说明加以改进或变化,但所有这些改进和变化都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂在光还原Cr6+中的应用,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:通过合成C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂,产生了pn异质结,能够提高光生空穴及电子在pn结界面的有效分离,抑制光生载流子复合,进一步提高了可见光的利用效率,最终提高了复合催化剂在还原Cr6+方面的催化还原性能的提高。
2.具体步骤:将C3N4与铜源、锌源、锡源、硫源、螯合剂和水混合后搅拌均匀后,放入至具有特氟龙内胆的不锈钢反应釜中进行水热反应,最后将制的固体用超纯水和乙醇洗涤后干燥得到C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4复合光催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的铜源与锌源的摩尔比为1:1~1.2,铜源与锡源的摩尔比为1:1~1.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,铜源与硫源的摩尔比为1:3~5。
5.根据权利要求1所述的C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,铜源与螯合剂的摩尔比为1:1~3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4中的C3N4的质量分数为10 %~30 %。
7.C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4光催化剂的应用,其特征在于,将权利要求1-6任一项制备方法制得的C3N4- Cu2ZnSnS4光催化剂用于还原Cr6+,并且在C3N4的质量分数为20 %时,光催化活性最佳。
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