CN112243806A - Method for planting grass on stone slope with gradient of more than 30 degrees in mining area - Google Patents
Method for planting grass on stone slope with gradient of more than 30 degrees in mining area Download PDFInfo
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- CN112243806A CN112243806A CN202011138978.6A CN202011138978A CN112243806A CN 112243806 A CN112243806 A CN 112243806A CN 202011138978 A CN202011138978 A CN 202011138978A CN 112243806 A CN112243806 A CN 112243806A
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 240000005020 Acaciella glauca Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001839 pinus sylvestris Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000057001 Balanites aegyptiaca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area, which comprises the following steps: 1. leveling; 2. covering soil; 3. seed selection; 4. irrigating; 5. sowing; 6. spraying; 7. draining water on a slope well, and ensuring that accumulated water is drained smoothly; 8. to ensure survival, the area is enclosed. The method has the advantages that the vegetation is reclaimed on the steep slope with the gradient of more than 30 ℃, the survival rate is more than 90%, the survival rate of the vegetation is high, the vegetation is covered comprehensively, the soil slope is firm, the vegetation does not slide and deform when raining, the defects of single variety and unsustainability are relieved due to the diversity of the grass seeds, and the high-efficiency restoration target is realized.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetation restoration in mining areas, in particular to a method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area.
Background technology the contradiction between resources, environment and human activities is increasingly prominent, and the human activities continuously cause serious damage to the ecosystem while promoting social progress. Mine enterprises are difficult to avoid destroying the ecological environment of a mining area in the processes of mining and utilizing mineral resources, occupying land resources and the like. In order to improve a degenerated ecosystem and protect and reasonably utilize limited natural resources and living space, our companies develop various forms of governance and ecological restoration work. The aim is to ensure that the ecological system destroyed by mining has the production value, the social service function and the ecological environment balance function again, and realize the balance of economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit. But has certain difficulty in ecological restoration work aiming at mining areas with cold climate, large gradient, shallow soil layer and high altitude,
the total area of the bayer mining area is 54062 square kilometers, and the maximum elevation is 1248 meters. The surface engineering mainly comprises industrial fields, tailings ponds, waste stone yards and public works. The mining industrial field is arranged around the main well and the auxiliary well; the mineral processing industrial site consists of a raw ore storage yard, a crushing system and a main factory building; the tailings pond is positioned in a northwest ditch in the northwest direction of the plant selection, and the distance from the plant selection is about 1800 m; the waste rock field is arranged on the depression on the east side of the auxiliary well industrial field; the shared project comprises a capital construction project and a water supply project, the capital construction project comprises an administrative living area, a power transmission and transformation project and a mining area road, the administrative living area comprises an administrative office area and a plant selection living area, the administrative office area is respectively located on a flat ground 1.4km north of the plant selection and a slope 380m from the northeast, the administrative office area comprises buildings such as office buildings, dormitory buildings and pot buildings, and the plant selection living area is provided with two comprehensive buildings.
According to the whole development thought of a company and the actual situation of the mining area, the environmental recovery treatment project is organized year by year according to the plan. However, the mining area is located at the north of the inner Mongolia Kshiktong flag, which belongs to the climates of high cold, windy and rainless, and the mining area has technical breakthrough difficulty in repair and treatment due to high altitude and large gradient. Especially in the areas with large gradient and shallow soil. Meanwhile, some error areas for repair and treatment exist. Such as one-sided emphasis on vegetation coverage. The purpose of ecological restoration is to restore the function of the ecosystem, and vegetation restoration is the basis. The vegetation coverage rate is not the only index for evaluating the ecological restoration work, and the diversity of animal and plant and microorganism species, the environmental effect, the water and soil conservation condition, the economic sustainable ability and the like are also important indexes for evaluating the ecological restoration work. Still another is that the ecological species of the mine area finished for restoration are single, have roughly the same age structure, and have no persistence.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area, which can carry out low-cost ecological restoration on areas with high cold, more wind, less rain and large slopes.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area, which comprises the following steps,
1. leveling: the slope of the test area is more than 30 degrees, the soil layer is less than 10 cm, and a broken stone backfill area is arranged below the test area, so that the repair quality is ensured by firstly leveling the area;
2. and (3) covering soil: before covering soil, paving a sun-shading net on the ground surface, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 28-30 centimeters, the covered soil can only be discharged from top to bottom due to large gradient, soil retaining walls are transversely arranged at the middle part and the bottom of the slope by utilizing grass planting bags, the grass planting bags are formed by paving soil and grass mixing seeds, the grass planting bags are filled into the grass planting bags, one layer of grass planting bag is paved at the bottom, after one layer of grass planting bag is paved, the second layer of bag on the grass planting bag covers three layers of bags in half, a natural ridge-shaped soil retaining wall is formed, and the sun-shading net is fixed on a spray water pipe to prevent;
3. seed selection: selecting cold-resistant, root-continuing, seed-dropping and perennial mixed seeds;
4. watering: irrigating the soil covered and leveled land, erecting a longitudinal pipeline, and irrigating in a spraying manner through a spray header;
5. sowing: after being sunned for two days, using a tool with a spade and digging a pit with a head, sowing from the top of a slope to the bottom, wherein the distance between seeds is 10 cm, the soil layer at the bottom of the slope is 1-1.5 m, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, in order to ensure the survival rate of the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, the digging specification of the pit requires the length, the width and the height to be one meter, filling sheep manure soil fertilizer and stirring uniformly, starting seedlings, planting on the same day, irrigating on the same day, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax for three times in the first week, sealing the surface layer of the pit for planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax after one week, winding a trunk at a meter from the bottom to the top by a straw rope for 15 cm, using a wood rod to prevent the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax from being scraped down in windy weather, planting grass seeds on a steep soil slope with the gradient of more than 45 degrees, and nursing the apricot trees and the thorn trees;
6. spraying: spraying and watering the planted land through a spray pipe, and nursing;
7. draining water on a slope, longitudinally constructing a flood control channel from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and transversely constructing a drainage channel along the bottom of the slope to ensure that accumulated water is drained smoothly;
8. to ensure survival, the area is enclosed.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the method has the advantages that the vegetation is reclaimed on the steep slope with the gradient of more than 30 ℃, the survival rate is more than 90%, the survival rate of the vegetation is high, the vegetation is covered comprehensively, the soil slope is firm, the vegetation does not slide in rain and does not deform, and the aim of efficient restoration is fulfilled; 2. the method realizes the aim of repairing the difficult-to-treat area of the mine, and overcomes the defects of single variety and unsustainability due to the diversity of grass seeds.
Description of the drawings fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
1. stone heavy slope; 2. a spray header; 3. a sunshade net; 4. a flood control canal; 5. a drainage channel; 6. a first layer of grass planting bag; 7. a second layer of grass planting bags; 8. a third layer of grass planting bag; 9. a pedestrian ladder.
Detailed Description
A method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area comprises the following steps:
1. leveling: the slope of the test area is more than 30 degrees, the soil layer is less than 10 cm, and a broken stone backfill area is arranged below the test area, so that the repair quality is ensured by firstly leveling the area;
2. and (3) covering soil: before covering soil, paving a sunshade net 3 on the ground surface, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 28-30 centimeters, the covered soil can only be discharged from top to bottom due to large gradient, soil retaining walls are transversely arranged at the middle part and the bottom of a slope by utilizing grass planting bags, the grass planting bags are formed by paving soil and grass mixing seeds and are filled into the grass planting bags, a layer of grass planting bag is paved at the bottom, after a first layer of grass planting bag 6 is paved, a second layer of grass planting bag 7 covers a third layer of grass planting bag 8 for half, a natural soil ridge-shaped retaining wall is formed, and the sunshade net 3 is fixed on a water spraying pipe 2 to prevent the sunshade net 3 from sliding downwards;
3. seed selection: selecting cold-resistant, root-continuing, seed-dropping and perennial mixed seeds;
4. watering: irrigating the soil covered and leveled land, erecting a longitudinal pipeline, and irrigating in a spraying manner through a spraying water pipe 2;
5. sowing: after being sunned for two days, using a tool with a spade and digging a pit with a head, sowing seeds from the top of a slope downwards, wherein the distance between the seeds is 10 cm, the soil layer at the bottom of the slope is 1-1.5 m, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, in order to ensure the survival rate of the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, the digging specification of the pit requires the length, the width and the height to be one meter, filling sheep manure soil fertilizer and stirring uniformly, starting seedlings, planting the same day, irrigating the same day, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax for the first time of watering for three times, sealing the surface layer of the pit of the planted pinus sylvestris or leaf wax after one week, winding a trunk from the bottom to the top of the pit for 15 cm by using a straw rope, using a wood rod to prevent the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax from being scraped down in windy weather, and planting grass seeds on a steep soil slope with the gradient of more than 45 degrees, and nursing the apricot trees and the thorn;
6. spraying: the planted land is sprayed and watered through a spraying water pipe 2, and then nursing is carried out;
7. draining water on a slope, longitudinally constructing a flood control channel 4 from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and transversely constructing a drainage channel 5 along the bottom of the slope to ensure that accumulated water is drained smoothly;
8. to ensure survival, the area is enclosed.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The example (factory selection slope protection area, about 50 mu) is shown in figure 1.
Conclusion of the experiment
| Item | Conclusion of the experiment |
| Survival rate | 91％ |
| Soil firmness detection | The pH value is 8.44, and the soil is alkaline soil; pressure 82.9N; |
| cost of | 6.99 yuan/square meter |
Claims (1)
1. A method for planting grass on a stone slope with a slope of more than 30 degrees in a mining area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) leveling: the slope of the test area is more than 30 degrees, the soil layer is less than 10 cm, and a broken stone backfill area is arranged below the test area, so that the repair quality is ensured by firstly leveling the area;
(2) and covering soil: before covering soil, paving a sunshade net (3) on the ground surface, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 28-30 centimeters, the covered soil can only be discharged from top to bottom due to large gradient, a grass planting bag is transversely utilized to arrange a retaining wall in the middle and at the bottom of a slope, the grass planting bag is formed by paving soil and grass seeds and is filled into the grass planting bag, a layer of grass planting bag is paved at the bottom, after a first layer of grass planting bag (6) is paved, a third layer of grass planting bag (8) is half covered by a second layer of grass planting bag (7) on the upper surface to form a natural soil ridge-shaped retaining wall, and the sunshade net is fixed on a spray water pipe to prevent the sunshade net from sliding downwards;
(3) and seed selection: selecting cold-resistant, root-continuing, seed-dropping and perennial mixed seeds;
(4) and irrigating: irrigating the soil covered and leveled land, erecting a longitudinal pipeline, and irrigating in a spraying manner through a spraying water pipe (2);
(5) and seeding: after being sunned for two days, using a tool with a spade and digging a pit with a head, sowing from the top of a slope to the bottom, wherein the distance between seeds is 10 cm, the soil layer at the bottom of the slope is 1-1.5 m, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, in order to ensure the survival rate of the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax, the digging specification of the pit requires the length, the width and the height to be one meter, filling sheep manure soil fertilizer and stirring uniformly, starting seedlings, planting on the same day and irrigating, planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax for watering three times in the first week, sealing soil on the surface layer of the pit for planting pinus sylvestris or leaf wax in the week, winding a trunk from the bottom to the top of the meter for 15 cm by using a straw rope, using a wood pole to prevent the pinus sylvestris or leaf wax from being scraped and supported in windy weather, and planting the apricot trees and thorn trees after planting grass seeds on a steep soil slope with a gradient of more than 45 degrees;
(6) and spraying: the planted land is sprayed and watered through a spraying water pipe (2) for nursing;
(7) draining water on the slope, building a flood control channel (4) from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope in the longitudinal direction, and building a drainage channel (5) along the bottom of the slope in the transverse direction to ensure that accumulated water is drained away smoothly;
(8) and to ensure survival rate, the area is enclosed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138978.6A CN112243806A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Method for planting grass on stone slope with gradient of more than 30 degrees in mining area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011138978.6A CN112243806A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Method for planting grass on stone slope with gradient of more than 30 degrees in mining area |
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| CN112243806A true CN112243806A (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101213910A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 卢正才 | Method for using gridding plant biological bag to process greening slope |
| CN101317523A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-10 | 南京大学 | Shrub and grass mix seeding type side slope ecological renovation method |
| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN108360516A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Mountain restoration system based on sponge ecosystem and construction method |
| CN110832964A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-02-25 | 日昌升建筑新材料设计研究院有限公司 | Building aggregate mine in-situ soil improvement and greening method |
| CN111316850A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-23 | 山西苗褓褓环保技术有限公司 | High and steep slope vegetation and planting method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-10-22 CN CN202011138978.6A patent/CN112243806A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101213910A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 卢正才 | Method for using gridding plant biological bag to process greening slope |
| CN101317523A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-10 | 南京大学 | Shrub and grass mix seeding type side slope ecological renovation method |
| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN108360516A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Mountain restoration system based on sponge ecosystem and construction method |
| CN110832964A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-02-25 | 日昌升建筑新材料设计研究院有限公司 | Building aggregate mine in-situ soil improvement and greening method |
| CN111316850A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-23 | 山西苗褓褓环保技术有限公司 | High and steep slope vegetation and planting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |
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