CN112206752A - 一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
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- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法及其应用,包括如下步骤:步骤一、聚醚砜颗粒溶解在N,N‑二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时以上,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;步骤二、将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时以上,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。本发明通过制备复合膜吸附材料,实现材料成型,以解决粉末态吸附材料在使用过程中的难分离、难再生等问题,提高使用效率;银的加入有效提高了高分子膜材料对水中溴离子的吸附性能,相比聚醚砜颗粒和N,N‑二甲基乙酰胺制得的聚醚砜基膜,吸附能力提高了5倍以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于节能环保领域,尤其涉及一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
溴被称为“海洋元素”,在工业、农业、医疗、阻燃剂等领域应用广泛。饮用水水源中的溴离子会和水中的氧化剂或消毒剂发生反应,生成溴乙酸、溴酸盐和溴仿等致癌致突变性的溴化副产物。因此在对水源消毒前就需要脱除水中的溴离子,以减少溴系副产物的产生,增强饮用水的安全性。去除水中的溴离子的方法主要有离子交换法、电化学氧化法、混凝法和吸附法等。其中,吸附法具有操作便捷、去除效率高、成本低廉等优势。但是现有的吸附膜对溴离子的去除效率还有待提高。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法及其应用。本发明通过制备复合膜吸附材料,实现材料成型,以解决粉末态吸附材料在使用过程中的难分离、难再生等问题,提高使用效率;通过原位合成法制备含银高分子复合膜;银的加入有效提高了高分子膜材料对水中溴离子的吸附性能,相比聚醚砜颗粒和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺制得的聚醚砜基膜,吸附能力提高了5倍以上。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、聚醚砜颗粒溶解在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时以上,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;
步骤二、将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时以上,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
进一步的改进,所述聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银质量比为2.8:15.80-17.06:0.17-1.66。
进一步的改进,所述聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银加入搅拌装置中搅拌;所述搅拌装置包括搅拌箱,搅拌箱外安装有旋转装置,旋转装置连接有第一旋转盘,第一旋转盘沿周向固定有若干第一磁条;搅拌箱内固定有转轴,转轴轴接连接有第二旋转盘,第二旋转盘顶部固定有若干与第一磁条相互吸附的第二磁条;所述搅拌箱连通有进料管和通气管;进料管上安装有第一阀门和进料斗,通气管上安装有吹吸气泵和沸石转轮;第二旋转盘连接有搅拌结构;搅拌箱底部连通有出料管,出料管上安装有出料阀。
进一步的改进,所述搅拌结构包括与第二旋转盘连接的搅拌轴,搅拌轴中部沿周向固定有若干横向连杆,横向连杆连接有竖向搅拌杆,搅拌轴底部固定连接有刮板。
进一步的改进,所述旋转装置为电机。
上述含银复合吸附膜的制备方法制得的含银复合吸附膜用于吸附溴离子。
本发明的优点:
1.通过制备复合膜吸附材料,实现材料成型,以解决粉末态吸附材料在使用过程中的难分离、难再生等问题,提高使用效率。
2.膜分离技术由于兼有分离、浓缩、纯化和精制的功能,又有高效、节能、环保、分子级过滤及过滤过程简单、易于控制等特征,因此,目前已广泛应用于食品、医药、生物、环保、化工、冶金、能源、石油、水处理、电子、仿生等领域,产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益
3.通过原位合成法制备含银高分子复合膜。
4.复合工艺的的成本较低,反应材料种类较多,复合后的材料组织细密
5.银的加入能够有效提高高分子膜材料对水中溴离子的吸附性能,相比聚醚砜颗粒和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺制得的吸附膜,吸附能力提高了5倍以上。
附图说明
图1为搅拌装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例
如图1所示的一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、聚醚砜颗粒溶解在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时以上,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;
步骤二、将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时以上,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银质量比为2.8:15.80-17.06:0.17-1.66。
其中,步骤一中,聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银加入搅拌装置中搅拌;所述搅拌装置包括搅拌箱1,搅拌箱1外安装有旋转装置19,旋转装置19连接有第一旋转盘2,第一旋转盘2沿周向固定有若干第一磁条3;搅拌箱1内固定有转轴4,转轴4轴接连接有第二旋转盘5,第二旋转盘5顶部固定有若干与第一磁条3相互吸附的第二磁条6;所述搅拌箱1连通有进料管7和通气管8;进料管7上安装有第一阀门9和进料斗10,通气管8上安装有吹吸气泵11、沸石转轮12和第二阀门;第二旋转盘5连接有搅拌结构;搅拌箱1底部连通有出料管17,出料管17上安装有出料阀18。
搅拌结构包括与第二旋转盘5连接的搅拌轴13,搅拌轴13中部沿周向固定有若干横向连杆14,横向连杆14连接有竖向搅拌杆15,搅拌轴13底部固定连接有刮板16。刮板16相对竖直面倾斜设置。
这样在加入物料时,吹吸气泵11吸气,使得搅拌箱1内处于负压,加快N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的进入速度,并防止其挥发有机气体到空气中。搅拌时刮板16将沉积在搅拌箱1底部的聚醚砜颗粒不断刮起,促进其溶解。当混合均匀后,首先打开第一阀门9,吹吸气泵11吸气,将搅拌过程中挥发处的气体均吸出,并通过沸石转轮吸附浓缩;然后第一阀门9关闭,出料阀18 打开,吹吸气泵11吹气,将物料快速压出。旋转装置19为电机。
实施例1
其中,将2.80g聚醚砜颗粒溶解在17.06g N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入0.17g硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;再将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
分别将质量为0.10g的含银复合吸附膜和聚醚砜基膜加入采用体积为50mL,且溴离子浓度为130mg/L的水溶液中吸附12小时;含银复合吸附膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为28.80mg/L,聚醚砜基膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为110.10mg/L。
实施例2
其中,将2.80g聚醚砜颗粒溶解在16.92g N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入0.33g硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;再将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
分别将质量为0.10g的含银复合吸附膜和聚醚砜基膜加入采用体积为50mL,且溴离子浓度为130mg/L的水溶液中吸附12小时;含银复合吸附膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为18.45mg/L,聚醚砜基膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为110.10mg/L。
实施例3
其中,将2.8g聚醚砜颗粒溶解在15.80g N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入1.66g硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;再将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
分别将质量为0.10g的含银复合吸附膜和聚醚砜基膜加入采用体积为50mL,且溴离子浓度为130mg/L的水溶液中吸附12小时;含银复合吸附膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为15.21mg/L,聚醚砜基膜处理后水溶液的溴离子浓度为110.10mg/L。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方案中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里所示。
Claims (6)
1.一种含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、聚醚砜颗粒溶解在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中然后加入硝酸银,在50℃下,搅拌24小时以上,形成均一、稳定的铸膜液;
步骤二、将铸膜液在洁净的玻璃板上流延成膜,并然后置于氯化钠凝固浴中浸泡24小时以上,进行溶剂交换,溶剂交换完成后,在40℃下进行真空干燥,用刮刀刮出0.2mm厚度的膜即得到含银复合吸附膜。
2.如权利要求1所述的含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银质量比为2.8:15.80-17.06:0.17-1.66。
3.如权利要求1所述的含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚砜颗粒、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和硝酸银加入搅拌装置中搅拌;所述搅拌装置包括搅拌箱(1),搅拌箱(1)外安装有旋转装置(19),旋转装置(19)连接有第一旋转盘(2),第一旋转盘(2)沿周向固定有若干第一磁条(3);搅拌箱(1)内固定有转轴(4),转轴(4)轴接连接有第二旋转盘(5),第二旋转盘(5)顶部固定有若干与第一磁条(3)相互吸附的第二磁条(6);所述搅拌箱(1)连通有进料管(7)和通气管(8);进料管(7)上安装有第一阀门(9)和进料斗(10),通气管(8)上安装有吹吸气泵(11)和沸石转轮(12);第二旋转盘(5)连接有搅拌结构;搅拌箱(1)底部连通有出料管(17),出料管(17)上安装有出料阀(18)。
4.如权利要求3所述的含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述搅拌结构包括与第二旋转盘(5)连接的搅拌轴(13),搅拌轴(13)中部沿周向固定有若干横向连杆(14),横向连杆(14)连接有竖向搅拌杆(15),搅拌轴(13)底部固定连接有刮板(16)。
5.如权利要求3所述的含银复合吸附膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述旋转装置(19)为电机。
6.如权利要求1-5任一所述含银复合吸附膜的制备方法制得的含银复合吸附膜用于吸附溴离子。
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