CN112201852B - 一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法以及锂离子电池电解液 - Google Patents
一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法以及锂离子电池电解液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112201852B CN112201852B CN202011065923.7A CN202011065923A CN112201852B CN 112201852 B CN112201852 B CN 112201852B CN 202011065923 A CN202011065923 A CN 202011065923A CN 112201852 B CN112201852 B CN 112201852B
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- additive
- ester
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydromaleimide Natural products O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 succinimide ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007336 electrophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1C(C=CS2)=C2CCN1 CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl formate Chemical compound CCCCOC=O NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CS(=O)(=O)OCO1 GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,5-diazacycloundec-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCC(CCCC1)N1CCCCCC=NCCC1 VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZFHDCDYDWYNJKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCC(N1)=O)=O.[Mg] Chemical compound C1(CCC(N1)=O)=O.[Mg] ZFHDCDYDWYNJKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid phenyl ester Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIJYIOZKUOWVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen sulfate pyrrolidin-1-ium-2,5-dione Chemical compound S(O)(O)(=O)=O.C1(CCC(N1)=O)=O PIJYIOZKUOWVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012375 magnesium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FFUQCRZBKUBHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl fluoride Chemical compound FP(F)(F)=O FFUQCRZBKUBHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005463 sulfonylimide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/48—Sulfur atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/022—Boron compounds without C-boron linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/025—Silicon compounds without C-silicon linkages
-
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Abstract
本发明提供一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法以及锂离子电池电解液。所述锂离子电池电解液添加剂为丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂，所述丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂包括结构如式I所示的双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐。本发明添加剂的制备原料易得，成本低廉，工艺简单，生产效率高，纯度高，可作为电解液添加剂使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于锂离子电池技术领域，涉及一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法以及锂离子电池电解液。
背景技术
长寿命的锂离子电池依然是当今生产生活中最重要的需求之一，目前相对较长寿命的锂离子电池除了正负极材料要满足适应性之外，电解液方面也要适应长循环的要求。随着锂离子电池长寿命长循环的要求越来越高，目前电解液方面所使用的常规添加剂例如：碳酸亚乙烯酯(VC)，氟代碳酸乙烯酯(FEC)等，在电池充电过程中会形成一层固体电解质界面膜(SEI)，但在频繁的充放电循环过程中，尤其是在高温循环中，出现循环性能下降甚至跳水。导致锂离子电池长循环过程中出现容量跳水的原因可以归结为三点：1)在循环过程中正极的过渡金属的晶体结构发生变化；2)电解液在长循环过程中阻抗太大导致负极析锂严重；3)形成的SEI会被六氟磷酸锂分解产生的HF破坏。
CN108511798A公开了一种在高温条件下可以实现长循环的电解液。该电解液由有机溶剂，锂盐，成膜剂及钝化添加剂组成，钝化添加剂为双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂和/或甲烷二磺酸亚甲酯，使得SEI膜表面更加致密，结构更加稳定，减少电解液和锂盐的分解，从而提升电池的循环性能。该电解液使用所述添加剂仅仅可以改变SEI膜的致密性和稳定性，并不能抑水抑酸，进而不能完全解决循环跳水的问题。
因此，在本领域，期望开发一种能够解决锂离子电池中固体电解质界面膜不稳定，在长循环过程中容量保持率低等问题的电解液添加剂。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法以及锂离子电池电解液。本发明所述锂离子电池电解液添加剂为双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐，该添加剂能够使得锂离子电池电解液具有稳定的固体电解质界面膜以及在进行高温存储时，对酸和水有抑制效果，同时长循环时容量保持率高。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一方面，本发明提供一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂，所述锂离子电池电解液添加剂为丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂，所述丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂包括结构如式I所示的双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐：
其中M为Si、S、N、P或B，R选自烷基、烷氧基、O、F、H，n为1-3的整数(例如1、2或3)，n大于1时，n个R相同或者不同，
代表单键或者双键。
在本发明中如式I所示的双丁二酰亚胺酯的金属盐也可以以如下通式进行表示：
优选地，所述烷基为碳原子数为1-5(例如1、2、3、4或5)的烷基，例如甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基等。
优选地，所述烷氧基为碳原子数为1-5(例如1、2、3、4或5)的烷氧基，例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基等等。
优选地，所述结构如式I所示的双丁二酰亚胺酯为如下化合物S01-S06中的任意一种：
优选地，所述双丁二酰亚胺酯的金属盐为如下S07-S10所示盐中的任意一种：
优选地，所述丁二酰亚胺酯盐为S11所示盐：
另一方面，本发明提供一种如上所述的锂离子电池电解液添加剂的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)将溶剂、催化剂和丁二酰亚胺混合，反应制备得到丁二酰亚胺盐；
(2)向步骤(1)的反应液中加入亲电取代试剂，反应制得双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐。
在本发明中，制备方法的反应流程可以如下表示：
优选地，步骤(1)所述溶剂为丙酮、丁酮、戊酮、苯甲酮、苯乙酮、甲酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、甲酸丙酯、甲酸丁酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸苯酯、乙腈、丙腈、丁腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地，步骤(1)所述催化剂为三乙胺、吡啶、哌啶、1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)、三正丙胺、吗啉、三乙烯二胺(DABCO)、金属锂、金属钠、金属钾、氢化铝锂、氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢化钙、氢氧化铯、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙、碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸钙中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地，步骤(1)所述催化剂的用量为丁二酰亚胺质量的1wt％-10wt％，例如1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％、7％、8％、9％或10％。
优选地，步骤(1)所述反应的温度为0-60℃，例如0℃、10℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃、45℃、50℃、55℃或60℃。
优选地，步骤(1)所述反应的时间为3-12h，例如3h、5h、7h、9h、10h、12h。
优选地，步骤(2)所述亲电取代试剂与丁二酰亚胺的摩尔比为1:2.0-3.0，例如1:2.0、1:2.2、1:2.4、1:2.5、1:2.7、1:2.9或1:3.0。
优选地，步骤(2)所述亲电取代试剂为甲基三氯硅烷、二甲基二氯硅烷、三甲基氯硅烷、四氯化硅、三氟化硼、四氟硼酸锂、磺酰氯、硫酰氯、光气、三氯氧磷、三氟氧磷、氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢化铯、氢化钙、氢化镁、金属锂、金属钠或金属钾等。
优选地，步骤(2)所述反应的温度为0-60℃，例如0℃、10℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃、45℃、50℃、55℃或60℃。
优选地，步骤(2)所述反应的时间为2-8h，例如2h、3h、4h、5h、6h、7h或8h。
优选地，在步骤(2)的反应结束后，旋蒸去除溶剂后得到固体，将所得固体粗品进行重结晶和干燥。
优选地，所述重结晶的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、四氢呋喃、正丁烷、正戊烷、正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、乙醚、二甲醚、甲乙醚、二丙醚、石油醚、苯甲醚、苯乙醚、苯、甲苯或二甲苯中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
优选地，所述干燥方式为真空干燥，干燥温度为40-70℃，例如40℃、45℃、50℃、55℃、60℃、65℃或70℃。
另一方面，本发明提供一种锂离子电池电解液，所述锂离子电池电解液包含如上所述的锂离子电池电解液添加剂。
相对于现有技术，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供了一种新的锂离子电池电解液添加剂，添加剂为双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐，本发明添加剂的制备原料易得，成本低廉，工艺简单，生产效率高，纯度高，可作为电解液添加剂使用。该添加剂能够使得锂离子电池电解液具有稳定的固体电解质界面膜以及在进行高温存储时，对酸和水有抑制效果，同时长循环时容量保持率高。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了，所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明，不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
实施例1
往1000mL三口烧瓶中投入300g二氯甲烷，然后向其投入99.09g丁二酰亚胺和3g三乙胺，放入搅拌子，通入氮气，将三口烧瓶浸没在40℃的水浴锅中并开启磁力搅拌器，充分搅拌反应，反应2h，然后滴加74.23g硫酰氯，反应4h，反应完毕。将上述反应物50℃减压蒸馏，得到固体，加入300g正己烷进行重结晶，然后用正己烷洗涤三次得到白色晶体，40℃真空干燥12h，得到丁二酰亚胺硫酸酯242.49g，产率93.2％，产品纯度99.8％。
实施例2
往1000mL三口烧瓶中投入300g乙腈，然后向其投入99.09g丁二酰亚胺和5g DBU，放入搅拌子，通入氮气，将三口烧瓶浸没在50℃的水浴锅中并开启磁力搅拌器，充分搅拌反应，反应2h，然后滴加77.44g二氯二甲基硅烷，反应4h，反应完毕。将上述反应物50℃减压蒸馏，得到固体，加入300g乙醚进行重结晶，然后用乙醚洗涤三次得到白色晶体，40℃真空干燥12h，得到丁二酰亚胺二甲基硅酯240.69g，产率94.3％，产品纯度99.3％。
实施例3
往1000mL三口烧瓶中投入300g丙酮，然后向其投入99.09g丁二酰亚胺和5g氢化钠，放入搅拌子，通入氮气，将三口烧瓶浸没在60℃的水浴锅中并开启磁力搅拌器，充分搅拌反应，反应2h，然后滴加44.08g三氟化硼，反应4h，反应完毕。将上述反应物50℃减压蒸馏，得到固体，加入300g石油醚进行重结晶，然后用石油醚洗涤三次得到白色晶体，40℃真空干燥12h，得到丁二酰亚胺氟代硼酸酯224.66g，产率91.7％，产品纯度99.9％。
实施例4
往1000mL三口烧瓶中投入300g乙酸乙酯，然后向其投入99.09g丁二酰亚胺，放入搅拌子，通入氮气，将三口烧瓶浸没在0℃的油浴锅中并开启磁力搅拌器，充分搅拌，然后缓慢通入15g氨气，反应12h，反应完毕。加入22g氢氧化锂，反应2小时，反应完毕。将上述反应物50℃减压蒸馏，得到固体，加入300g甲苯进行重结晶，然后用甲苯洗涤三次得到白色晶体，40℃真空干燥12h，得到双丁二酰亚胺酯锂盐192.66g，产率88.71％，产品纯度99.7％。
实施例5
往1000mL三口烧瓶中投入300g碳酸二甲酯，然后向其投入99.09g丁二酰亚胺，放入搅拌子，通入氮气，将三口烧瓶浸没在60℃的水浴锅中并开启磁力搅拌器，充分搅拌，然后加入30g镁屑，反应8h，反应完毕。将上述反应物50℃减压蒸馏，得到固体，加入300g二甲苯进行重结晶，然后用二甲苯洗涤三次得到白色晶体，40℃真空干燥12h，得到丁二酰亚胺镁盐212.91g，产率96.7％，产品纯度99.3％。
申请人声明，本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的锂离子电池电解液添加剂及其制备方法，但本发明并不局限于上述实施例，即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种锂离子电池电解液添加剂，其特征在于，所述锂离子电池电解液添加剂为丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂，所述丁二酰亚胺酯类添加剂包括双丁二酰亚胺酯或其金属盐或者丁二酰亚胺酯盐；
所述双丁二酰亚胺酯为如下化合物S01-S04中的任意一种：
所述双丁二酰亚胺酯的金属盐为如下S07-S10所示盐中的任意一种：
所述丁二酰亚胺酯盐为S11所示盐：
2.一种锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述锂离子电池电解液包含如权利要求1所述的锂离子电池电解液添加剂。
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