CN112194540A - Preparation method of etiolated reed bio-organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of etiolated reed bio-organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112194540A CN112194540A CN202011091606.2A CN202011091606A CN112194540A CN 112194540 A CN112194540 A CN 112194540A CN 202011091606 A CN202011091606 A CN 202011091606A CN 112194540 A CN112194540 A CN 112194540A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers. The invention discloses a preparation method of a etiolation reed bio-organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that etiolation reed, livestock and poultry manure and mushroom fungus bags are used as main raw materials to prepare the etiolation reed bio-organic fertilizer, so that the reutilization of waste is realized; meanwhile, the method can be used for fertilizing soil, increasing the porosity of the soil, improving the environment in the soil and improving the stress resistance and quality of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer.
Background
China has abundant reed raw materials, at present, the main utilization way of reeds is paper making, but the reed productivity is overlarge, the consumption is low, so that a large amount of reeds cannot be processed every year; or the reed is piled up into a mountain after being mowed, which causes a great deal of reed resource waste. The mowing process of the green reeds generally growing in the marshland or lake shoals is complicated, the cost is high, and the mechanical operation is not facilitated during harvesting. The etiolated reed is harvested in winter, has low harvesting cost and is a main mode for harvesting the reed. The reed has high organic matter content, contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, amino acid and trace elements, and can improve the environment in soil and increase the organic matter and porosity of the soil after being prepared into the biological organic fertilizer. At present, the method for preparing the organic fertilizer by the reeds is not mature, and particularly, the yellow dry reeds have high preparation cost and low utilization rate and are not suitable for large-scale production.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is to provide a preparation method of the yellowed reed bio-organic fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method of a yellowed reed bio-organic fertilizer, which is simple and suitable for large-scale production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing the yellow reed by using a grinding crusher to obtain a reed raw material with 40-60 meshes;
(2) uniformly mixing the reed raw material crushed in the step (1) with dilute acid, sealing (the outside can be covered by airtight plastic cloth), and carrying out acidolysis for 7-10 days; the dilute acid is diluted inorganic acid; the addition amount of the inorganic acid is 1-3% of the weight of the reed raw material, and the water amount for diluting the inorganic acid is 30-50% of the weight of the reed raw material;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the reed raw material subjected to acidolysis in the step (2) to 6.5-7.5 by using inorganic base;
(4) uniformly mixing 60-70% of the reed raw material treated in the step (3), 20-30% of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10% of mushroom fungus bags, 1-3% of chemical fertilizer and 1-2% of functional bacteria to obtain a mixture;
(5) adjusting the water content of the mixture obtained in the step (4) to 55-62%, and fermenting: when the temperature rises to 70 ℃, turning by using a rail-type turner, reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃, and preventing the materials from carbonizing; then, when the temperature reaches 70 ℃, turning and throwing once until the mixture is completely decomposed, reducing the water content to below 25 percent, and fermenting for 20-30 days;
(6) after fermentation, transferring the fermentation product to a composting area for aging for 10-15 days;
(7) extruding or rolling and granulating the aged reed fermentation product to obtain granules, and cooling and drying for 20-50 minutes; and when the temperature is cooled to room temperature and the moisture content is less than 15%, packaging to obtain the etiolated reed bio-organic fertilizer.
Further, the inorganic acid in the step (2) is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
Further, in the step (3), the inorganic base is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide.
Further, the livestock and poultry manure in the step (4) is cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and chicken manure.
Further, the chemical fertilizer in the step (4) comprises urea, diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, and the weight ratio of urea: monoammonium phosphate: 1.5-2 parts of ammonium sulfate: 0.8-1: 0.8-1.2.
Further, the functional bacteria in the step (4) comprise thermophilic sporotrichum, bacillus laterosporus, streptomyces diastatothermophilus and Pseudonocardia thermophila, and the mass ratio of the thermophilic sporotrichum to the Pseudonocardia thermophila is as follows: b, B.laterosporus: streptomyces diastrophicus: pseudonocardia thermophila 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1: 0.8-1.1: 0.8-1.2.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the preparation method of the etiolation reed bio-organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that etiolation reed, livestock and poultry manure and mushroom fungus bags are used as main raw materials to prepare the etiolation reed bio-organic fertilizer, so that the reutilization of waste is realized; meanwhile, the method can be used for fertilizing soil, increasing the porosity of the soil, improving the environment in the soil and improving the stress resistance and quality of crops.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The Thermomyces thermophilus lyophilized powder is purchased from Baihui Biotech limited company of Henan He mura; the bacillus laterosporus freeze-dried powder is purchased from Qiangxing biotechnology limited in North sea; the freeze-dried powder of the streptomyces thermophilus is purchased from Shanghai Van dynasties biotechnology limited; pseudonocardia thermophila freeze-dried powder is purchased from Shanghai Aiyan Biotech limited. The mushroom fungus bag is waste after mushrooms are planted in the Baerhhai village mushroom planting base of Yanqi county in Xinjiang, but is not limited to the mushroom fungus bag in the area.
Example 1
A preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
taking 11 tons of etiolated reed straws, crushing the etiolated reed straws by a 60-mesh grinding crusher, and collecting 10 tons of reed straw powder. 300kg of hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid content: 35%) is dissolved in 5000kg of water to prepare dilute acid. 5 tons of reed straw powder are added into a 15 ton mixer, 2650kg of dilute acid is added, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and conveyed to a fermentation tank. In addition, 5 tons of reed powder are treated in the same way and transferred to a fermentation tank. After compaction, the surface is covered with black plastic cloth, and the corner parts are tightly pressed and sealed by sand bags. And taking out the reed powder after acidolysis after 8 days, conveying the reed powder to a mixer, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5 by adopting 80kg of 2% sodium hydroxide solution. Taking 7.73 (65.12%) tons of the treated reed straw powder, adding the reed straw powder into a mixer with the capacity of 20 tons, adding 2.573 tons (21.68%) of the crushed sheep manure, adding 1187kg (10%) of mushroom bags, adding 356kg (3%) of chemical fertilizer (the weight ratio of urea to monoammonium phosphate to ammonium sulfate is 2: 1: 1.2), adding 23.74kg (0.2%) of functional bacteria (the mass ratio of thermophilic side spore bacillus to streptomyces diastaticus to Pseudonocardia thermophila is 3.5: 1: 1.1: 1.2), adding 8.95 tons of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 55-62%, and conveying to a fermentation tank. The remaining 7.73 tons of reed powder were treated in the same manner and transferred to a fermentation tank. The surface is covered and compacted by plastic cloth. Fermenting until the fermentation temperature reaches 70 ℃ in the fifth day, turning and cooling by using a turner, and reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃ to prevent materials from carbonizing; the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in 8 days, a turner is adopted to turn and cast and reduce the temperature to 50-55 ℃; and the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in the 13 th day, and the temperature is reduced to 50-55 ℃ by turning and throwing by a turner. On day 25, the water content of the fermentation product was 24.2%, the temperature was 39 ℃ and the fermentation was completed. Transferring to an aging tank, aging for 15 days, and fermenting to obtain a bright black product without odor. Granulating with a spheronization granulator to obtain granules with the particle size of 2-3mm, cooling to room temperature, and bagging, wherein the water content is 10% -15%.
Example 2
A preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
taking 11 tons of etiolated reed straws, crushing the etiolated reed straws by a 60-mesh grinding crusher, and collecting 10 tons of reed straw powder. 200kg of dilute sulfuric acid (the sulfuric acid content is 45%) is dissolved in 5000kg of water to prepare dilute acid. 5 tons of reed straw powder are added into a 15 ton mixer, 2600kg of diluted acid is added, mixed evenly and conveyed to a fermentation tank. In addition, 5 tons of reed powder are treated in the same way and transferred to a fermentation tank. After compaction, the surface is covered with black plastic cloth, and the corner parts are tightly pressed and sealed by sand bags. And taking out the reed powder after acidolysis after 10 days, conveying the reed powder to a mixer, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5 by adopting 40kg of 2% sodium hydroxide solution. Adding 7.64 (62.0%) tons of the treated reed straw powder into a solid mixer with the capacity of 20 tons, adding 3.24 tons (26.3%) of crushed cow dung, 1109kg (9%) of mushroom fungus bags, 308kg (2.5%) of chemical fertilizer (the weight ratio of urea to monoammonium phosphate to ammonium sulfate is 1.8: 0.9: 1), adding 25kg (0.2%) of functional bacteria (the mass ratio of thermophilic sporotrichum to bacillus laterosporus to streptomyces thermophilus to pseudomonas thermophilus is 3: 0.8: 1: 1), adding 9.5 tons of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 55-62%, and conveying to a fermentation tank. The remaining 7.68 tons of reed powder were treated in the same manner and transferred to a fermentation tank. For surface use
And covering and compacting by plastic cloth. Fermenting until the fermentation temperature reaches 70 ℃ in the 4 th day, turning and cooling by using a turner, and reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃ to prevent the materials from carbonizing; the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in the 7 th day, a turner is adopted to turn and throw and reduce the temperature to 50-55 ℃; and (3) increasing the temperature to 70 ℃ on day 11, turning and cooling by using a turner to reduce the temperature to 50-55 ℃, increasing the temperature to 70 ℃ on day 14, turning and cooling by using the turner to reduce the temperature to 50-55 ℃. On day 28, the fermentation water content was 22.2%, the temperature was 37 ℃ and the fermentation was complete. Transferring to an aging tank, aging for 15 days, and fermenting to obtain a bright black product without odor. Granulating with a spheronization granulator to obtain granules with the particle size of 2-3mm, cooling to room temperature, and bagging, wherein the water content is 10% -15%.
Example 3
A preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
taking 11 tons of etiolated reed straws, crushing the etiolated reed straws by a 60-mesh grinding crusher, and collecting 10 tons of reed straw powder. 140kg of nitric acid (the nitric acid content is 68%) is dissolved in 5000kg of water to prepare dilute acid. 5 tons of reed straw powder are added into a 15 ton mixer, 2570kg of diluted acid is added, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and conveyed to a fermentation tank. In addition, 5 tons of reed powder are treated in the same way and transferred to a fermentation tank. After compaction, the surface is covered with black plastic cloth, and the corner parts are tightly pressed and sealed by sand bags. And taking out the reed powder after acidolysis after 8 days, conveying the reed powder to a mixer, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5 by adopting 50kg of 1% sodium hydroxide solution. Adding 7.62 (60%) tons of the treated reed straw powder into a mixer with the capacity of 20 tons, adding 3.785 tons (29.8%) of crushed pig manure, adding 1016kg (8%) of mushroom fungus bags, adding 254kg (2%) of chemical fertilizer (the weight ratio of urea to monoammonium phosphate to ammonium sulfate is 1.5: 0.8: 0.8), adding 25.4kg (0.2%) of functional bacteria (the mass ratio of thermophilic sporotrichum to bacillus laterosporus to streptomyces diastaticus to pseudomonas thermophilus is 2.5: 0.5: 0.8: 0.8), adding 9.97 tons of water, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 55-62%, and conveying the mixture to a fermentation tank. Another 7.63 tons of reed powder were treated in the same manner and transferred to a fermentation tank. The surface is covered and compacted by plastic cloth. Fermenting until the fermentation temperature reaches 70 ℃ in the fifth day, turning and cooling by using a turner, and reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃ to prevent materials from carbonizing; the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in 8 days, a turner is adopted to turn and cast and reduce the temperature to 50-55 ℃; and the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ in the 13 th day, and the temperature is reduced to 50-55 ℃ by turning and throwing by a turner. On day 25, the water content of the fermentation product was 24.2%, the temperature was 39 ℃ and the fermentation was completed. Transferring to an aging tank, aging for 15 days, and fermenting to obtain a bright black product without odor. Granulating with a spheronization granulator to obtain granules with the particle size of 2-3mm, cooling to room temperature, and bagging, wherein the water content is 10% -15%.
Test examples
The invention is tested in the cotton field of broad county in the mound in Yu county in Xinjiang, 500kg of the organic fertilizer of the invention or the fertilizer of the comparative example (80 kg of urea, 50kg of diammonium phosphate, 30kg of monopotassium phosphate, 15kg of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (10-30-15+ Te) and 15kg of diammonium phosphate) is applied in each mu, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) crushing the yellow reeds to obtain a reed raw material with 40-60 meshes;
(2) uniformly mixing the reed raw material crushed in the step (1) with dilute acid, sealing, and carrying out acidolysis for 7-10 days; the dilute acid is diluted inorganic acid; the addition amount of the inorganic acid is 1-3% of the weight of the reed raw material, and the water amount for diluting the inorganic acid is 30-50% of the weight of the reed raw material;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the reed raw material subjected to acidolysis in the step (2) to 6.5-7.5 by using inorganic base;
(4) uniformly mixing 60-70% of the reed raw material treated in the step (3), 20-30% of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10% of mushroom fungus bags, 1-3% of chemical fertilizer and 1-2% of functional bacteria to obtain a mixture;
(5) adjusting the water content of the mixture obtained in the step (4) to 55-62%, and fermenting: when the temperature rises to 70 ℃, turning by using a rail-type turner, reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃, and preventing the materials from carbonizing; then, when the temperature reaches 70 ℃, turning and throwing once until the mixture is completely decomposed, reducing the water content to below 25 percent, and fermenting for 20-30 days;
(6) after fermentation, transferring the fermentation product to a composting area for aging for 10-15 days;
(7) extruding or rolling and granulating the aged reed fermentation product to obtain granules, and cooling and drying; and when the temperature is cooled to room temperature and the moisture content is less than 15%, packaging to obtain the etiolated reed bio-organic fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the yellowed reed biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic acid in the step (2) is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
3. The method for preparing the yellowed reed bioorganic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic base in the step (3) is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide.
4. The method for preparing the yellowed reed bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the livestock and poultry manure in the step (4) is cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and chicken manure.
5. The method for preparing the biological organic fertilizer for the etiolated reed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical fertilizer ingredients in the step (4) are urea, diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, and the weight ratio of urea: monoammonium phosphate: 1.5-2 parts of ammonium sulfate: 0.8-1: 0.8-1.2.
6. The method for preparing the yellowed reed bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the functional bacteria in the step (4) comprise thermophilic sporotrichum, bacillus laterosporus, streptomyces diastatomyces and pseudonocardia thermophila, and the mass ratio of the thermophilic sporotrichum to the thermophilic sporotrichum is as follows: b, B.laterosporus: streptomyces diastrophicus: pseudonocardia thermophila 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1: 0.8-1.1: 0.8-1.2.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112521217A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-19 | 东莞市枫华园林工程有限公司 | Garden soil improvement process |
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| CN104119111A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 南京工业大学 | Technology for preparing organic fertilizer from blue algae, reed, and paddy rice straw |
| CN104291947A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 林公传 | Soybean planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106278566A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-01-04 | 上海易盒生态科技有限公司 | A kind of reed straw compost and its preparation method and application |
| CN107746302A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 王占舟 | A kind of method that organic fertilizer is made using stalk |
| CN108794113A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of reed fermentation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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- 2020-10-13 CN CN202011091606.2A patent/CN112194540A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104119111A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 南京工业大学 | Technology for preparing organic fertilizer from blue algae, reed, and paddy rice straw |
| CN104291947A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 林公传 | Soybean planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106278566A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-01-04 | 上海易盒生态科技有限公司 | A kind of reed straw compost and its preparation method and application |
| CN107746302A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 王占舟 | A kind of method that organic fertilizer is made using stalk |
| CN108794113A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of reed fermentation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112521217A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-19 | 东莞市枫华园林工程有限公司 | Garden soil improvement process |
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