CN112166924A

CN112166924A - Plateau open field peach cultivation method and device

Info

Publication number: CN112166924A
Application number: CN202011053903.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张姗姗; 曾秀丽; 李媛蓉; 赵凡; 李元会
Original assignee: VEGETABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TIBET ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SCIENCES
Current assignee: VEGETABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TIBET ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SCIENCES
Priority date: 2020-09-24
Filing date: 2020-09-24
Publication date: 2021-01-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a plateau open field peach cultivation method which comprises the steps of garden selection, land improvement, planting, cultivation management, shaping and pest control. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the pressure of the peach trees on the soil is reduced through garden selection, meanwhile, farmyard manure is applied during ditching to provide rich nutrition for the peach trees, the hole punching and ventilation operation is performed on the ground surface during the land selection period, the root of the open-field peaches can be guaranteed to be capable of effectively obtaining enough oxygen from the air on the ground surface at the initial stage, the survival rate of the open-field peaches is guaranteed, a complex control program is not needed for a cultivation device, and the method is easy to implement and suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Plateau open field peach cultivation method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of open field peach cultivation, in particular to a plateau open field peach cultivation method and device.

Background

Peach: rosaceae, Prunus. Deciduous small trees; the leaves are narrow elliptic to scallion-shaped, 15 cm long and 4 cm wide, the tips grow and thin, the edges are provided with fine teeth, dark green and glossy, and the leaf bases are provided with honey glands; the bark is dark gray and cracks appear with age; the flowers are single, light to deep pink or red, sometimes white, with short stems, 4 cm in diameter, and bloom in early spring; the stone fruit is a nearly spherical stone fruit, has hairy antler on the surface, has edible meat quality, is orange yellow and reddish, has a diameter of 7.5 cm, has a stone with deep pockmarks and furrows and contains white seeds.

For peaches, a rare and excellent variety is bred from wild peaches by single plant breeding, and has the outstanding characteristics of beautiful fruits, good taste, high nutritive value and strong disease and insect resistance.

An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a plateau open field peach cultivation method and a plateau open field peach cultivation device, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

according to one aspect of the invention, a plateau open field peach cultivation method is provided, which comprises the following steps:

the first step, garden selection: selecting the soil with wind, sunny and humus rich, and the neutral soil with good drainage and pH value of 7 as a planting field;

step two, land reclamation: firstly, deeply turning and ditching for the first time by using a deep turning machine, wherein the depth of each ditch is 1.1-1.4 meters, and the width of each ditch is 0.8-1.2 meters, spreading base fertilizer in each ditch, completely backfilling, then performing water spraying and wetting treatment on the surface of the land, performing surface punching treatment on the wetted surface by using a plateau open-field peach cultivation device, and then performing ditching for the second time, wherein the depth of each ditch is 0.5-0.7 meters, and the width of each ditch is 0.6-1.0 meters; the base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 68 parts of dry excrement, 26 parts of plant ash, 25 parts of rapeseed meal, 16 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of microbial fermentation inoculum, 15 parts of biological synergist and 16 parts of attapulgite;

thirdly, planting: fixing planting points with lime at a plant-to-row spacing of 5 x 1.5 m, digging planting pits with a depth of 15 cm and a width of 32 cm at the planting points, paving farmyard manure with a thickness of 3cm in the pits, naturally discharging seedling roots during planting, burying roots with wet fine soil, treading tightly with feet, pouring enough root fixing water, and covering with a mulching film or weeds for moisturizing;

fourthly, cultivation management: and (3) watering the transplanted seedlings with a seedling strengthening solution, wherein the seedling strengthening solution is prepared by the following steps: watering with water according to the mass ratio of 40, watering 250mL of each plant, topdressing once per month after transplanting, watering the seedling strengthening liquid once per month, and mixing the seedling strengthening liquid according to the weight ratio of 1: watering with water in a mass ratio of 30, wherein 250mL of water is added to each plant every time, and top dressing comprises top dressing of 150g of urea, 40g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 180g of decomposed chicken manure, 8g of borax, 5g of calcium chloride, 1.5g of ammonium molybdate, 30g of modified starch and 12g of wood powder; the preparation method of the seedling strengthening liquid comprises the following steps: mixing tartary buckwheat and vaccinium bracteatum seeds according to the proportion of 3: 1, cleaning, removing impurities, crushing to 80 meshes, adding water accounting for 75% of the mixed mass of the tartary buckwheat and the blueberry, heating and cooking for 15min, naturally cooling, inoculating aspergillus oryzae accounting for 0.02% of the mass of the inoculated mixture, placing into a closed box, culturing at 30 ℃ for 22 hours, and adding water into the obtained culture according to the mass ratio of water: the weight ratio of the materials is 1: 3, preserving heat at 46 ℃ for 12min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 25min, standing for 2 hours, treating for 1min by adopting microwaves with the power of 400W, performing solid-liquid separation, retaining filtrate, sterilizing the filtrate, adding lauric acid accounting for 0.2% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, inoculating monascus strains, wherein the inoculation amount is 0.01% of the mass of the filtrate, culturing at 35 ℃ for 22 hours, and then sterilizing to obtain a seedling strengthening solution;

fifthly, shaping: pruning dead branches, twigs, weak branches, overlapped branches, damaged and residual branches, upright branches and diseased and insect branches;

sixthly, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests: mixing hot pepper, garlic, liquorice and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 5: mixing the components according to a mass ratio of 100, pulping, treating with 300W ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 35KHz for 2min, centrifuging at a rotating speed of 2000r/min for 25min, standing for 2 hours, collecting supernatant to obtain the medicament, and mixing the obtained medicament according to a ratio of 1: 4, adding water according to a mass ratio to spray the peach trees with diseases and insect pests.

According to another aspect of the invention, a high open field peach cultivation device is provided, which is suitable for the above method, and comprises a frame, wherein a bottom plate is arranged at the lower end of the frame, a top plate is arranged at the upper end of the frame, main shafts are arranged on the outer side walls of the left side and the right side of the frame through first bearings, the two main shafts are arranged in a collinear manner, an anti-skid wheel is arranged at one end of each main shaft, which is far away from the frame, and comprises an inner hub and an outer ring, the inner hub and the outer ring are fixedly connected into a whole through radial plates, the radial plates are distributed in a circle center of the inner hub in a circular array, one end of each radial plate is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the inner hub, the other end of each radial plate is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring, a through hole is arranged at the gap position of the adjacent, the inner hub is provided with a sliding seat, a first sliding groove is formed in the sliding seat, a second sliding groove is formed in the inner hub, the first sliding groove is communicated with the second sliding groove to form a sliding groove whole body, the tail end of the anti-skidding tooth is inserted into the first sliding groove and constrained in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove to slide, a compression spring is arranged between the first limiting check ring and the sliding seat, a mounting seat is arranged in the frame, two ends of the mounting seat are installed in the frame through fixing parts, the mounting seat is parallel to the top plate, a cavity is horizontally formed in the mounting seat, screw rods are symmetrically installed on the left side and the right side of the top end in the cavity through bearing seats, the screw rods are perpendicular to the mounting seat, the lower ends of the screw rods penetrate out of the cavity, a lifting device is installed at the lower ends of the screw rods, the upper end of the lifting device is fixed on, the lower extreme of lead screw is inserted and is located inside the fixed sleeve, and the inside lower extreme of fixed sleeve still inserts and is equipped with the inserted bar, and the top of inserted bar sets up threaded hole, and the lower extreme screw thread of lead screw is installed in threaded hole, still be equipped with the clamp plate under the mount pad, the lower extreme fixed mounting of inserted bar is on the clamp plate, and the inserted bar is mutually perpendicular with the clamp plate, evenly seted up a plurality of jacks on the bottom plate, jack inside is inserted and is equipped with the perforating needle, and the baffle is installed to the upper end of perforating needle, all is equipped with supporting spring between every baffle and the bottom plate, and the supporting spring cover is established and.

Further, be connected through the connecting piece between inserted bar and the clamp plate, the lateral wall top fixed mounting of inserted bar has the guide block, has seted up the guide slot on the fixed telescopic inside wall, and the guide slot sets up along the length direction of inserted bar, and the guide block is kept away from the one end tip of inserted bar and is slided and locate in the guide slot.

Furthermore, the upper end of the jack is provided with a wear-resistant gasket, the wear-resistant gasket is sleeved outside the perforating needle, and the lower end of the supporting spring tightly supports against the wear-resistant gasket.

Furthermore, slide rails are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the frame, the slide rails are arranged on two end sides of the pressing plate, slide blocks are arranged at two ends of the pressing plate, and one end, far away from the pressing plate, of each slide block is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding mode.

Furthermore, still install first bevel gear on the lead screw, first bevel gear locates in the cavity, and two opposite side of first bevel gear all mesh there is the second bevel gear, are connected through the connecting axle between two second bevel gears.

Furthermore, still be equipped with the supporting shoe in the cavity, the connecting axle passes through the supporting shoe to be installed in the cavity, and the supporting shoe is equipped with two.

Furthermore, two third bevel gears are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft along the center, a semicircular bevel gear is arranged at the upper parts of the two third bevel gears, and the semicircular bevel gear can only be meshed with one of the third bevel gears at the same time.

Furthermore, a motor is installed in the center of the upper end of the installation seat, a driving shaft is connected to the lower end of the motor, the lower end of the driving shaft penetrates into the cavity, and a semicircular bevel gear is installed at the lower end of the driving shaft.

Furthermore, the end part of the anti-skid tooth inserted into the first sliding groove is provided with a second limiting check ring, the notch of the first sliding groove is provided with a limiting boss matched with the second limiting check ring, and the top end of the anti-skid tooth is provided with a taper angle.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the pressure of the peach trees on the soil is reduced through garden selection, meanwhile, farmyard manure is applied during ditching to provide abundant nutrition for the peach trees, and experiments show that the mineral content of the planted peach trees is higher than that of the peach trees planted by the traditional large-scale planting technology, and no chemical residue exists in the planting process; the seedling strengthening liquid prepared by the invention can improve the photosynthetic property of peach trees, increase tillering or branching, also has obvious promotion effect on peach tree fruits, can accelerate the transportation of peach tree plant nutrient substances into the fruits, increase the fruit number, increase coloring, improve sugar content and improve fruit quality, and carries out punching and ventilation operations on the ground surface in a land selection period, so as to ensure that the root of the open-field peach can effectively obtain enough oxygen from the air on the ground surface in the initial stage and ensure the survival rate of the open-field peach, and the cooperation of the semicircular bevel gear and the connecting shaft arranged in the cultivation device can ensure the synchronous adjustment of the screw rod and the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate on the premise of not changing the motor steering, does not need complicated control procedures, is easy to realize, is suitable for popularization and use, can realize the anti-skid function by utilizing the anti-skid teeth, and simultaneously, when the ground surface is hard, the anti-slip teeth can retract into the outer ring under the action of pressure, so that the anti-slip teeth are prevented from being lifted integrally, and the accurate punching is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plateau open field peach cultivation device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device in the plateau open field peach cultivation device;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-slip wheel in the device for cultivating peaches in open field in plateau.

Reference numerals;

1. a frame; 2. a base plate; 3. a top plate; 4. a first bearing; 5. a main shaft; 6. anti-skid wheels; 7. a mounting seat; 8. a fixing member; 9. a cavity; 10. a bearing seat; 11. a screw rod; 12. a lifting device; 121. fixing the sleeve; 122. inserting a rod; 123. a threaded hole; 124. a guide block; 125. a guide groove; 13. pressing a plate; 14. a connecting member; 15. a jack; 16. a perforating needle; 17. a baffle plate; 18. a support spring; 19. a wear-resistant washer; 20. a slide rail; 21. a slider; 22. a first bevel gear; 23. a second bevel gear; 24. a connecting shaft; 25. a support block; 26. a third bevel gear; 27. a semicircular bevel gear; 28. a motor; 29. a drive shaft; 30. an inner hub; 31. an outer ring; 32. a web; 33. a through hole; 34. anti-slip teeth; 35. a first limit retainer ring; 36. a slide base; 37. a first chute; 38. a second chute; 39. a compression spring; 40. a second limit retainer ring; 41. a limiting boss; 42. the cone angle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

A plateau open field peach cultivation method comprises the following steps:

(1) garden selection: selecting the soil with wind, sunny and humus rich, and the neutral soil with good drainage and pH value of 7 as a planting field;

(2) land reclamation: firstly, deeply turning and ditching for the first time by using a deep turning machine, wherein the depth of each ditch is 1.1-1.4 meters, and the width of each ditch is 0.8-1.2 meters, spreading base fertilizer in each ditch, completely backfilling, then performing water spraying and wetting treatment on the surface of the land, performing surface punching treatment on the wetted surface by using a plateau open-field peach cultivation device, and then performing ditching for the second time, wherein the depth of each ditch is 0.5-0.7 meters, and the width of each ditch is 0.6-1.0 meters; the base fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 68 parts of dry excrement, 26 parts of plant ash, 25 parts of rapeseed meal, 16 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of microbial fermentation inoculum, 15 parts of biological synergist and 16 parts of attapulgite;

(3) planting: fixing planting points with lime at a plant-to-row spacing of 5 x 1.5 m, digging planting pits with a depth of 15 cm and a width of 32 cm at the planting points, paving farmyard manure with a thickness of 3cm in the pits, naturally discharging seedling roots during planting, burying roots with wet fine soil, treading tightly with feet, pouring enough root fixing water, and covering with a mulching film or weeds for moisturizing;

(4) cultivation management: and (3) watering the transplanted seedlings with a seedling strengthening solution, wherein the seedling strengthening solution is prepared by the following steps: watering with water according to the mass ratio of 40, watering 250mL of each plant, topdressing once per month after transplanting, watering the seedling strengthening liquid once per month, and mixing the seedling strengthening liquid according to the weight ratio of 1: watering with water in a mass ratio of 30, wherein 250mL of water is added to each plant every time, and top dressing comprises top dressing of 150g of urea, 40g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 180g of decomposed chicken manure, 8g of borax, 5g of calcium chloride, 1.5g of ammonium molybdate, 30g of modified starch and 12g of wood powder; the preparation method of the seedling strengthening liquid comprises the following steps: mixing tartary buckwheat and vaccinium bracteatum seeds according to the proportion of 3: 1, cleaning, removing impurities, crushing to 80 meshes, adding water accounting for 75% of the mixed mass of the tartary buckwheat and the blueberry, heating and cooking for 15min, naturally cooling, inoculating aspergillus oryzae accounting for 0.02% of the mass of the inoculated mixture, placing into a closed box, culturing at 30 ℃ for 22 hours, and adding water into the obtained culture according to the mass ratio of water: the weight ratio of the materials is 1: 3, preserving heat at 46 ℃ for 12min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 25min, standing for 2 hours, treating for 1min by adopting microwaves with the power of 400W, performing solid-liquid separation, retaining filtrate, sterilizing the filtrate, adding lauric acid accounting for 0.2% of the mass of the filtrate, uniformly stirring, inoculating monascus strains, wherein the inoculation amount is 0.01% of the mass of the filtrate, culturing at 35 ℃ for 22 hours, and then sterilizing to obtain a seedling strengthening solution;

(5) shaping: pruning dead branches, twigs, weak branches, overlapped branches, damaged and residual branches, upright branches and diseased and insect branches;

(6) and (3) pest control: mixing hot pepper, garlic, liquorice and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 5: mixing the components according to a mass ratio of 100, pulping, treating with 300W ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 35KHz for 2min, centrifuging at a rotating speed of 2000r/min for 25min, standing for 2 hours, collecting supernatant to obtain the medicament, and mixing the obtained medicament according to a ratio of 1: 4, adding water according to a mass ratio to spray the peach trees with diseases and insect pests.

As shown in fig. 1-4, still provide a high open field peach cultivation device, including frame 1, bottom plate 2 is installed to the lower extreme of frame 1, and roof 3 is installed to the upper end of frame 1, and main shaft 5 is all installed through first bearing 4 to the left and right sides lateral wall of frame 1, and two main shafts 5 collineation settings, and anti-skidding wheel 6 is installed to the one end that frame 1 was kept away from to two main shafts 5, anti-skidding wheel 6 includes interior hub 30 and outer lane 31, and is integrative through radials 32 rigid coupling between interior hub 30 and the outer lane 31, and radials 32 are distributed in the centre of a circle of interior hub 30, and one end is connected on the outer periphery of interior hub 30, and the other end is connected on the global inner circle of outer lane 31, and outer lane 31 has seted up through-hole 33 in the clearance position of adjacent radials 32 to install anti-skidding tooth 34 through-hole 33, and, the anti-slip teeth 34 are provided with first limiting check rings 35 for preventing the anti-slip teeth 34 from sliding out of the through holes 33, the inner hub 30 is provided with a sliding seat 36, a first sliding groove 37 is formed in the sliding seat 36, a second sliding groove 38 is formed in the inner hub 30, the first sliding groove 37 is communicated with the second sliding groove 38 to form a sliding groove whole body, the tail ends of the anti-slip teeth 34 are inserted into the first sliding groove 37 and constrained in the first sliding groove 37 and the second sliding groove 38 to slide, a compression spring 39 is arranged between the first limiting check ring 35 and the sliding seat 36, an installation seat 7 is arranged in the frame 1, two ends of the installation seat 7 pass through the fixing part 8, the installation seat 7 is parallel to the installation frame top plate 3, a cavity 9 is horizontally formed in the installation seat 7, the left side and the right side of the top end in the cavity 9 are symmetrically provided with screw rods 11 through bearing seats 10, the screw rods 11 are perpendicular to the, the lower end of the screw rod 11 is provided with a lifting device 12, the upper end of the lifting device 12 is fixed on two sides of the lower end of the mounting seat 7, the lifting device 12 comprises a fixed sleeve 121, the upper end of the fixed sleeve 121 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 7, the lower end of the screw rod 11 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 121, the lower end of the inside of the fixed sleeve 121 is also inserted with an insertion rod 122, the top end of the insertion rod 122 is provided with a threaded hole 123, the lower end of the screw rod 11 is arranged in the threaded hole 123, a pressing plate 13 is arranged right below the mounting seat 7, the lower end of the insertion rod 122 is fixedly arranged on the pressing plate 13, the insertion rod 122 is vertical to the pressing plate 13, the bottom plate 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of insertion holes 15, the insertion holes 15 are inserted with punching needles 16, the upper ends of the punching needles 16 are provided with baffle plates 17, a supporting spring 18 is arranged between each, through rotating lead screw 11, lead screw 11 drives inserted bar 122 through screw hole 123 and reciprocates in fixed sleeve 121, when inserted bar 122 when removing downwards for fixed sleeve 121, inserted bar 122 alright with highly adjusting clamp plate 13, inserted bar 122 just can drive clamp plate 13 and push down, when clamp plate 13 pushes down contact baffle 17, alright with realizing pushing down to punch needle 16, the lower extreme of 16 lower extreme extrusion jacks 15 of punch needle, insert the earth's surface, realize the operation of punching, when lead screw 11 antiport, then clamp plate 13 just can rise, the upper end of baffle 17 has lacked the pressure of clamp plate 13, just can be reset by supporting spring 18 jack-up, realize the return of punch needle 16.

Specifically, the insert rod 122 is connected with the pressure plate 13 through the connecting member 14, a guide block 124 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the outer side wall of the insert rod 122, a guide groove 125 is formed in the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve 121, the guide groove 125 is arranged along the length direction of the insert rod 122, and the end portion, far away from the insert rod 122, of the guide block 124 is slidably arranged in the guide groove 125.

Specifically, the upper end of the insertion hole 15 is provided with a wear-resistant washer 19, the wear-resistant washer 19 is sleeved outside the perforating needle 16, and the lower end of the supporting spring 18 is tightly abutted to the wear-resistant washer 19.

Specifically, the inner side wall of the frame 1 is further symmetrically provided with slide rails 20, the slide rails 20 are arranged at two end sides of the pressing plate 13, the two ends of the pressing plate 13 are provided with slide blocks 21, and one end of each slide block 21, which is far away from the pressing plate 13, is arranged on the slide rail 20 in a sliding manner.

Specifically, the screw rods 11 are further provided with first bevel gears 22, the first bevel gears 22 are arranged in the cavity 9, two opposite side surfaces of the two first bevel gears 22 are engaged with second bevel gears 23, the two second bevel gears 23 are connected through a connecting shaft 24, and the arrangement of the connecting shaft 24 ensures that the rotation between the two screw rods 11 is always performed synchronously.

Specifically, a supporting block 25 is further arranged in the cavity 9, the connecting shaft 24 is mounted in the cavity 9 through the supporting block 25, and two supporting blocks 25 are arranged.

Specifically, two third bevel gears 26 are symmetrically installed in the middle of the connecting shaft 24 along the center, a semicircular bevel gear 27 is installed on the upper portions of the two third bevel gears 26, the semicircular bevel gear 27 can only be meshed with one of the third bevel gears 26 at the same time, the two third bevel gears 26 can be respectively driven to rotate by the semicircular bevel gear 27, and when different third bevel gears 26 rotate, the driven connecting shaft 24 rotates in different directions, so that the continuous reciprocating lifting of the lifting device 12 can be realized.

Specifically, a motor 28 is centrally installed at the upper end of the mounting seat 7, a driving shaft 29 is connected to the lower end of the motor 28, the lower end of the driving shaft 29 penetrates into the cavity 9, and a semicircular bevel gear 27 is installed at the lower end of the driving shaft 29.

Specifically, the end of the anti-slip tooth 34 inserted into the first sliding groove 37 is provided with a second limit stop ring 40, and the notch of the first sliding groove 37 is provided with a limit boss 41 matched with the second limit stop ring 40.

Specifically, the tip of the anti-slip tooth 34 has a taper angle 42, and the taper angle 42 facilitates anti-slip.

In specific application, the frame 1 is pushed, the frame 1 advances under the action of the anti-skid wheels 6, the motor 28 is started, the motor 28 drives the semicircular bevel gears 27 to rotate through the driving shaft 29, the semicircular bevel gears 27 respectively drive the third bevel gears 26 engaged with the semicircular bevel gears to rotate, the rotation of the third bevel gears 26 drives the connecting shaft 24 to rotate, the connecting shaft 24 respectively drives the second bevel gears 23 at the two end parts to rotate, the second bevel gears 23 further drive the screw rod 11 to rotate through the first bevel gears 22, the screw rod 11 drives the inserted rod 122 to move up and down in the fixed sleeve 121 through the threaded hole 123, when the inserted rod 122 moves down relative to the fixed sleeve 121, the inserted rod 122 can adjust the height of the press plate 13, the inserted rod 122 can drive the press plate 13 to press down, when the press plate 13 presses down to contact with the baffle 17, the press-down of the punching needle 16 can be realized, and the lower ends of the punching needles 16 are pressed out, the punching needle is inserted into the ground surface to realize punching operation, when the screw rod 11 rotates reversely, the pressing plate 13 rises, the upper end of the baffle 17 lacks the pressure of the pressing plate 13, and the baffle is jacked up and reset by the supporting spring 18 to realize the reset of the punching needle 16.

In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, the pressure of the peach trees on the soil is relieved through garden selection, meanwhile, farmyard manure is applied during ditching to provide abundant nutrition for the peach trees, and experiments show that the mineral content of the planted peach trees is higher than that of the peach trees planted by the traditional large-scale planting technology, and no chemical residue exists in the planting process; the seedling strengthening liquid prepared by watering the invention can improve the photosynthetic property of peach trees, increase tillering or branching, also has obvious promoting effect on peach tree fruits, can accelerate the transportation of nutrient substances of peach tree plants into the fruits, increase the fruit number, increase coloring, improve sugar content and improve fruit quality, and carries out punching and ventilation operation on the ground surface in a land selection period, so as to ensure that the root of the open-field peach can effectively obtain enough oxygen from the air on the ground surface in the initial stage, ensure the survival rate of the open-field peach, ensure the synchronous adjustment of the screw rod 11 and the reciprocating motion of the pressing plate 13 under the premise of not changing the rotation direction of the motor 28 under the synergistic action of the semicircular bevel gear 27 and the connecting shaft 24 arranged in the cultivation device, do not need complicated control programs, are easy to realize, are suitable for popularization and use, can utilize the anti-skid teeth 34 to realize the anti-skid function, and simultaneously, when the ground surface is hard, the anti-slip teeth 34 can retract into the outer ring 31 under the action of pressure, so that the anti-slip teeth 34 are prevented from being lifted integrally, and the accurate punching is ensured.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A plateau open field peach cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. A high open field peach cultivation device is suitable for the method of claim 1, and comprises a frame (1) and is characterized in that a bottom plate (2) is installed at the lower end of the frame (1), a top plate (3) is installed at the upper end of the frame (1), main shafts (5) are installed on the outer side walls of the left side and the right side of the frame (1) through first bearings (4), the two main shafts (5) are arranged in a collinear manner, an anti-skidding wheel (6) is installed at one end, far away from the frame (1), of the two main shafts (5), the anti-skidding wheel (6) comprises an inner hub (30) and an outer ring (31), the inner hub (30) and the outer ring (31) are fixedly connected into a whole through a radial plate (32), the radial plate (32) is distributed in a circular array manner in the circle center of the inner hub (30), one end is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the inner hub (30), the other end is connected to the inner circumferential surface of, anti-skidding teeth (34) are mounted through the through holes (33), the anti-skidding teeth (34) are constrained in the through holes (33) to reciprocate along the axis direction of the through holes (33), the anti-skidding teeth (34) are provided with first limiting check rings (35) for preventing the anti-skidding teeth (34) from sliding out of the through holes (33), the inner hub (30) is provided with a sliding seat (36), a first sliding groove (37) is formed in the sliding seat (36), a second sliding groove (38) is formed in the inner hub (30), the first sliding groove (37) is communicated with the second sliding groove (38) to form a sliding groove whole, the tail ends of the anti-skidding teeth (34) are inserted into the first sliding groove (37) and constrained in the first sliding groove (37) and the second sliding groove (38) to slide, a compression spring (39) is arranged between the first limiting check rings (35) and the second sliding groove (36), a mounting seat (7) is arranged in the frame (1), and mounting frames at two ends of the mounting seat (7) pass through the inside of the, the mounting seat (7) is parallel to the top plate (3), a cavity (9) is horizontally formed in the mounting seat (7), lead screws (11) are symmetrically mounted on the left side and the right side of the top end in the cavity (9) through bearing seats (10), the lead screws (11) are perpendicular to the mounting seat (7), the lower ends of the lead screws (11) penetrate out of the cavity (9), lifting devices (12) are mounted at the lower ends of the lead screws (11), the upper ends of the lifting devices (12) are fixed on the two sides of the lower end of the mounting seat (7), each lifting device (12) comprises a fixing sleeve (121), the upper end of each fixing sleeve (121) is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat (7), the lower end of each lead screw (11) is inserted into the corresponding fixing sleeve (121), an inserting rod (122) is further inserted into the lower end in the fixing sleeve (121), a threaded hole (123) is formed in the top end of each inserting rod (122), and the lower end, still be equipped with clamp plate (13) under mount pad (7), the lower extreme fixed mounting of inserted bar (122) is on clamp plate (13), and inserted bar (122) and clamp plate (13) are mutually perpendicular, evenly seted up a plurality of jacks (15) on bottom plate (2), jack (15) inside is inserted and is equipped with perforating needle (16), and baffle (17) are installed to the upper end of perforating needle (16), all are equipped with supporting spring (18) between every baffle (17) and bottom plate (2), and supporting spring (18) cover is established and is installed the outside at perforating needle (16).

3. The device for cultivating the plateau open field peaches as claimed in claim 2, wherein the insertion rod (122) is connected with the pressing plate (13) through a connecting piece (14), a guide block (124) is fixedly installed at the top end of the outer side wall of the insertion rod (122), a guide groove (125) is formed in the inner side wall of the fixing sleeve (121), the guide groove (125) is arranged along the length direction of the insertion rod (122), and the end part of one end, far away from the insertion rod (122), of the guide block (124) is slidably arranged in the guide groove (125).

4. The plateau open field peach cultivation device of claim 3, wherein the upper end of the insertion hole (15) is provided with a wear-resistant gasket (19), the wear-resistant gasket (19) is sleeved outside the perforating needle (16), and the lower end of the support spring (18) is tightly propped against the wear-resistant gasket (19).

5. The device for cultivating the plateau open field peaches according to claim 4, wherein the inner side wall of the frame (1) is further symmetrically provided with slide rails (20), the slide rails (20) are arranged at two end sides of the pressing plate (13), the two ends of the pressing plate (13) are provided with slide blocks (21), and one end of each slide block (21) far away from the pressing plate (13) is arranged on the slide rail (20) in a sliding manner.

6. The plateau open field peach cultivation device of claim 5, wherein the lead screw (11) is further provided with a first bevel gear (22), the first bevel gear (22) is arranged in the cavity (9), two second bevel gears (23) are meshed with one opposite side surfaces of the two first bevel gears (22), and the two second bevel gears (23) are connected through a connecting shaft (24).

7. The device for cultivating the plateau open field peaches as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cavity (9) is further provided with two supporting blocks (25), the connecting shaft (24) is installed in the cavity (9) through the supporting blocks (25), and the number of the supporting blocks (25) is two.

8. The plateau open field peach cultivation device of claim 7, wherein two third bevel gears (26) are installed at the middle of the connecting shaft (24) along the center symmetry, a semi-circular bevel gear (27) is installed at the upper part of the two third bevel gears (26), and the semi-circular bevel gear (27) can only mesh with one of the third bevel gears (26) at a time.

9. The plateau open field peach cultivation device of claim 8, wherein the motor (28) is installed at the center of the upper end of the installation seat (7), the lower end of the motor (28) is connected with a driving shaft (29), the lower end of the driving shaft (29) penetrates into the cavity (9), and a semicircular bevel gear (27) is installed at the lower end of the driving shaft (29).

10. The plateau open field peach cultivation device of claim 9, wherein the end of the anti-slip tooth (34) inserted into the first sliding groove (37) is provided with a second limit stop ring (40), the notch of the first sliding groove (37) is provided with a limit boss (41) matched with the second limit stop ring (40), and the top end of the anti-slip tooth (34) is provided with a taper angle (42).