CN112119898B - Dendrobium nobile and tree symbiotic cultivation bag for bionic cultivation and cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation bag for symbiotic bionic cultivation of dendrobium and trees and a cultivation method, wherein the cultivation bag comprises: a plurality of culture bags arranged side by side and a water retention layer arranged below the culture bags; the water retention layer is fixedly connected with the bottom of each culture bag and is communicated with each culture bag through a water inlet hole, the diameter of the water inlet hole is 1-2 cm, a plurality of growth holes are formed in one side face of each culture bag, and the growth holes are located in the same side face of the plurality of culture bags; the cultivation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing crushed Chinese fir, cedar bark and northeast grass carbon to obtain a culture medium, sequentially placing the culture medium and moss into a culture bag, placing the moss towards one side with growing holes, placing the side with the growing holes of the culture bag towards a tree, and fixing the culture bag on the tree. The cultivation bag provided by the invention is used for performing bionic cultivation on dendrobium and trees, and can continuously provide moisture for dendrobium plants in an environment with small rainfall, so that the survival rate of the dendrobium plants is improved.

Description

Dendrobium nobile and tree symbiotic cultivation bag for bionic cultivation and cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium cultivation. More particularly, the invention relates to a cultivation bag for symbiotic bionic cultivation of dendrobium and trees and a cultivation method.

Background

The dendrobium is a precious plant and has edible value, ornamental value and medicinal value. At present, compared with wild dendrobium, the medicinal value of artificially planted dendrobium is greatly reduced, so more and more scholars put attention into the research of the bionic cultivation technology of dendrobium. The bionic cultivation technology for symbiosis of dendrobium and trees is a research hotspot at present, and the common method is to fix dendrobium plants and a culture medium on barks together by using a straw rope for cultivation, so that the method has low operation efficiency, the culture medium is easily tightened by the straw rope, and the survival rate of the dendrobium is reduced; the dendrobium plants and the culture medium are placed in the cultivation bags and then fixed on the barks, but in the cultivation mode, under the condition of too small rainfall, the survival rate of the dendrobium plants is low due to easy drought; under the condition of overlarge rainfall, the root system of the dendrobium plant is easy to form rotten roots when placed in an environment with overlarge humidity.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation in which dendrobium and trees are symbiotic, which can continuously supply moisture to dendrobium plants in an environment with small rainfall, and can remove excess moisture in a culture medium in an environment with large rainfall, thereby preventing root rot of dendrobium plants caused by the root systems soaking in water, and improving the survival rate of dendrobium plants as a whole.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation in which dendrobe coexisting with a tree, comprising:

a plurality of culture bags arranged side by side and a water retention layer arranged below the culture bags;

keep water layer and each cultivation bag bottom rigid coupling just keep water layer and each to cultivate through the inlet opening intercommunication between the bag, the diameter of inlet opening is 1~2cm, and a plurality of growth holes have been seted up to a side of each cultivation bag, the growth hole is located a plurality of same sides of cultivateing the bag.

Preferably, the cultivation bag is made of a film with the temperature of 3C or more.

Preferably, the number of the growing holes is 4, and the diameter of the growing holes is 2-3 cm.

Preferably, an adjusting mechanism is clamped between two adjacent culture bags, and the adjusting mechanism comprises: first barrel, first barrel lower part inner wall be equipped with the first water inlet of guarantor's water layer intercommunication, first barrel upper portion inner wall is equipped with a pair of second water inlet with double-phase adjacent culture bag intercommunication respectively, be equipped with coaxial piston in the first barrel, the piston with first barrel inner wall sealing connection, the height of piston slightly is greater than the diameter of second water inlet, the piston top is vertical to be set firmly coaxial piston rod.

Preferably, the outer bottom surface lower part on guarantor's water layer has met the reserve water layer of protecting of an upper portion open reserve, reserve the last border on guarantor's water layer with the outer bottom surface rigid coupling on guarantor's water layer, the outer bottom surface lower part on guarantor's water layer is equipped with an intercommunication device, the intercommunication device is located reserve water layer of protecting, the intercommunication device includes: the open second barrel in upper portion, the last border of second barrel with the outer bottom surface rigid coupling on water conservation layer, the second barrel is located in reserve water conservation layer, second barrel lateral wall is equipped with the hole of walking that runs through, the bottom surface of second barrel is equipped with the spike, the lateral wall of second barrel is for having the material of resilience.

The bionic cultivation method for symbiosis of dendrobium and trees specifically comprises the following steps:

injecting clear water into the water-retaining layer of the cultivation bag; uniformly mixing 70-80 parts by weight of Chinese fir wood chips and 10-15 parts by weight of bark of Chinese wampee, and treating in a water bath at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain a culture base material; uniformly mixing 5-10 parts by weight of northeast turf with the culture medium to obtain a culture medium; putting the uniformly mixed culture medium and 5-10 parts by weight of moss into the culture bag in sequence, and planting dendrobium seedlings;

the moss is placed towards one side provided with the growth holes, one side provided with the growth holes of the cultivation bag faces towards the tree, and the cultivation bag is fixed on the tree.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the culture bag and the water-retaining layer are designed, the water inlet hole for communicating the culture bag and the water-retaining layer is designed, under the environment with small rainfall, water in the water-retaining layer can continuously provide water for the dendrobium plants through the water inlet hole, under the environment with large rainfall, redundant water in the culture medium flows to the water-retaining layer through the water inlet hole under the action of gravity, the redundant water in the culture medium is removed, the rotten roots caused by the fact that the root systems of the dendrobium plants are soaked in water are avoided, and the survival rate of the dendrobium plants is integrally improved.

Secondly, the size of the second water inlet communicated with the water retention layer and the culture bag can be adjusted by designing the first cylinder, the first water inlet, the second water inlet, the piston and the piston rod, so that the size of the second water inlet can be adjusted according to the cultivation environment of dendrobium plants, appropriate moisture is ensured, the dendrobium plant cultivation device adapts to the growth environment, and the dendrobium plant cultivation device is wide in application range and high in practicability.

Thirdly, the size of the water-retaining layer can be designed according to the cultivation environment of the dendrobium plants by fixedly connecting a standby water-retaining layer to the outer bottom surface of the water-retaining layer and designing a communication device in the standby water-retaining layer, when the dendrobium plants are placed in an environment with small rainfall or the water in the water-retaining layer is insufficient, the bottom surface of the water-retaining layer is pierced through the spikes in the communication device, the standby water-retaining layer is communicated with the water-retaining layer, the water quantity of the water-retaining layer is increased, the healthy growth of the dendrobium plants in dry weather is facilitated, the practicability of the cultivation bag is improved, and the survival rate of the dendrobium plants is also improved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation in which dendrobium and trees are symbiotic according to one technical scheme of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation in which dendrobium and trees are symbiotic according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation in which dendrobium and trees are symbiotic according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the point A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the point B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the cartridge body tightly attached to the side wall of the culture bag according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-culture bag; 2-a water inlet hole; 3, a water retention layer; 4-growing the hole; 5-a first cylinder; 6-a piston; 7-a piston rod; 8-a first water inlet; 9-a second water inlet; 10-water flowing holes; 11-a standby water retention layer; 12-spike; 13-elastic side wall.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation with symbiotic dendrobe and tree, comprising:

the cultivation bag comprises a plurality of cultivation bags 1 arranged side by side and a water retention layer 3 arranged below the cultivation bags 1, specifically, the number of the cultivation bags 1 can be two, three, four, five and the like, the larger the diameter of the tree symbiotic with the dendrobium is, the more the number of the cultivation bags 1 is, and the height of the cultivation bags 1 is 15-20 cm; the water retention layer 3 is a water retention bag filled with clear water, and the height of the water retention layer 3 is 2-4 cm; the cultivation bag is made of a film with the thickness of more than 3C, and can be 5C or 8C, namely the thickness of the film of the cultivation bag is more than 0.03mm, and can be 0.05mm or 0.08 mm;

the water retaining layer 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom of each culture bag 1, the water retaining layer 3 is communicated with each culture bag 1 through the water inlet holes 2, the water inlet holes can be formed in one surface of the water retaining layer and the culture bags fixedly connected with one surface, a water source is provided for the culture bags 1, the diameter of each water inlet hole 2 is 1-2 cm, a plurality of growth holes 4 are formed in one side surface of each culture bag 1, the number of the growth holes can be three, four, five or six, the diameter of each growth hole is 2-3cm, the growth holes 4 are located in the same side surface of the culture bags 1, root systems of dendrobium plants are detected into bark of trees through the growth holes in the cultivation process, and symbiosis is formed with the trees;

in the technical scheme, in the using process, clear water is injected into the water-retaining layer through the water inlet holes, then culture mediums are respectively placed into each culture bag, then dendrobium plants are placed into the culture bags, one surface containing the growing holes is attached to a tree, and then the cultivation bags are fixed on the tree by nails to complete planting;

adopt this technical scheme, the beneficial effect who obtains is, cultivate the bag and protect the water layer through the design, and the inlet opening on bag and guarantor's water layer is cultivateed in the design intercommunication, under the little environment of rainfall, through the inlet opening, it can continuously provide moisture for the stem of noble dendrobium plant to protect intraformational moisture of water, under the big environment of rainfall, cultivate unnecessary moisture in the matrix and pass through the inlet opening flow direction under the action of gravity and protect the water layer, surplus moisture in the culture matrix has been got rid of, avoid the stem of noble dendrobium plant root system to soak the mashed root that causes in the aquatic, wholly improve the survival rate of stem of noble dendrobium plant.

In another technical scheme, an adjusting mechanism is clamped between two adjacent culture bags 1, and the adjusting mechanism comprises: the culture bag comprises a first barrel body 5, wherein the upper outer wall of the first barrel body 5 is tightly abutted to two adjacent culture bags, the lower outer wall of the first barrel body 5 is tightly abutted to or fixedly connected with the upper top surface of a lower bottom surface and a water retaining layer 3, the water retaining layer 3 is recessed inwards under the action of the first barrel body 5 to form a cylinder shape, a first water inlet 8 communicated with the water retaining layer 3 is formed in the lower inner wall of the first barrel body 5, namely, the water retaining layer 3 and the first barrel body 5 are connected, and a corresponding first water inlet is formed in the place where the water retaining layer 3 and the first barrel body 5 are connected to communicate the water retaining layer 3 and the first barrel body 5; the inner wall of the upper part of the first cylinder 5 is provided with a pair of second water inlets 9 which are respectively communicated with the two adjacent culture bags 1, namely the water retention layer 3 and the inner wall of the upper part of the first cylinder 5 are both provided with corresponding second water inlets 9, so that the first cylinder 5 is communicated with the two adjacent culture bags 1; the water-retaining device is characterized in that a coaxial piston 6 is arranged in the first cylinder 5, the piston 6 is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the first cylinder 5, the height of the piston 5 is slightly larger than the diameter of the second water inlet 9, a coaxial piston rod 7 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top of the piston 5, the length of the piston rod 7 is larger than the height of the culture bag 1, the piston rod moves up and down to drive the piston to move up and down, so that the size of the second water inlet is changed, and the water conveying degree between the water-retaining layer and the culture bag is controlled;

in the technical scheme, in the use process, when the dendrobium plants are cultivated in a drought environment, the piston rod is moved upwards to drive the piston to move upwards, so that the area of the second water inlet is increased, and the water conveyed to the cultivation bag by the water retention layer is increased; when the dendrobium plants are cultivated in an environment with large rainfall, the piston rod is moved downwards to drive the piston to move downwards, so that the area of the second water inlet is reduced, and the water conveyed to the cultivation bag by the water retention layer is further reduced;

adopt this kind of technical scheme, the beneficial effect who obtains is that, through designing first barrel, first water inlet, second water inlet, piston rod, the size of the second water inlet of water layer and cultivation bag is protected to adjustable intercommunication, and then can adjust the size of second water inlet according to the cultivation environment of stem of noble dendrobium plant, guarantees appropriate moisture, makes its adaptation growing environment, and application scope is big, and the practicality is strong.

In another kind of technical scheme, the outer bottom surface lower part of guarantor's water layer 3 has connect the reserve water layer 11 of an open reserve in upper portion, is equipped with the clear water in the reserve water layer, reserve water layer 11 last border with guarantor's water layer 3's outer bottom surface rigid coupling, guarantor's water layer 3's outer bottom surface lower part is equipped with an intercommunication device, the intercommunication device is located reserve water layer 3 is interior, the intercommunication device includes: the open second barrel in upper portion, the last border of second barrel with the outer bottom surface rigid coupling of guarantor's water layer 3, the second barrel is located reserve water layer 11, the second barrel lateral wall is equipped with the hole of walking 10 that runs through for with reserve water layer's water direction intercommunication device, the bottom surface of second barrel is equipped with spike 12, the outer bottom surface of guarantor's water layer of sharp end orientation of spike, the lateral wall of second barrel is the material that has the resilience, the lateral wall of second barrel is elasticity lateral wall 13 promptly, the preparation material of elasticity lateral wall can be silica gel or rubber, and when extrusion elasticity lateral wall, the spike antedisplacement punctures the outer bottom surface of guarantor's water layer, reserve water layer and guarantor's water layer intercommunication;

in the technical scheme, in the use process, when the dendrobium plants are cultivated in an environment with small rainfall or the water in the water-retaining layer is insufficient, the elastic side walls can be squeezed, so that the spikes pierce through the outer bottom surface of the water-retaining layer, the water in the water-retaining layer is increased, and the dendrobium plants are guaranteed to have sufficient water sources in the cultivation process; adopt this kind of technical scheme, the beneficial effect who obtains is, through keeping water layer and in reserve water in situ design intercommunication device of water layer of reserve of bottom surface rigid coupling outside the water retention layer, can be according to the size of the water layer of the cultivation environmental design of stem of noble dendrobium plant, when the less environment of rainfall is arranged in to the stem of noble dendrobium plant or when keeping the intraformational water yield not enough, pierce through the spike in the intercommunication device and protect the water layer bottom surface to pierce through, keep water layer and water layer intercommunication reserve, the water yield on water layer is protected in the increase, be favorable to the healthy growth of stem of noble dendrobium plant in arid weather, the practicality that has improved the cultivation bag has also improved the survival rate of stem of noble dendrobium plant.

< example >

Planting field: the planting field is located in stone town of Guangxi-Wenchu county, the altitude is 90-200 meters, the planting field belongs to a typical subtropical climate type, the annual average temperature is 18-25 ℃, the average sunshine lasts for 1494 hours, the annual average rainfall is 800-1000 mm, and the relative temperature in the forest field is about 70%; the terrain is a semi-hilly mountain area; the soil is mountain red soil, and the pH value is 5.4-6.4; the forest land is artificially planted longan trees, the tree age is 10-20 years, the forest area is 2 mu, the total number of the trees is 50, the tree height is 5-12 m, the tree growth condition is good, and the trunk is provided with sphagnum or lichen;

the bionic cultivation method for symbiosis of dendrobium and trees specifically comprises the following steps:

injecting clear water into the water-retaining layer of the cultivation bag; taking 80 parts by weight of the Chinese fir wood fragments and 10 parts by weight of the bark of the jerusalem, uniformly mixing, and treating in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 30min to remove mixed bacteria in the Chinese fir wood fragments and the bark of the jerusalem to obtain a sterilized culture base material; uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of northeast turf with the culture medium to obtain a culture medium; putting the uniformly mixed culture substrate and 5 parts of moss by weight into the culture bag in sequence; planting dendrobium seedlings, planting 5 dendrobium seedlings in each cultivation bag, and uniformly planting at intervals; the dendrobium plant is dendrobium huoshanense, and the planting time is 2-4 months per year; the total number of the dendrobium seedlings planted in the embodiment is 300, the dendrobium seedlings are divided into three groups, and each group comprises 100 dendrobium seedlings;

the moss is placed towards one surface provided with the growth holes, so that the symbiosis of dendrobium plants and trees is facilitated; selecting a forest with sunlight penetrating, enabling one surface, provided with the growing holes, of the cultivation bag to face towards the tree, and fixing the cultivation bag on the tree by using nails; the tree is pine, and the dendrobium variety is dendrobium huoshanense;

< comparative example >

Removing the water-retaining layer in the cultivation bag, wherein the rest is consistent with the embodiment; the total number of dendrobium seedlings planted in the comparative example is 300, and the dendrobium seedlings are divided into three groups of 100 seedlings.

Experimental example:

1. dendrobium nobile plant survival rate detection

The method comprises the following steps: determining the survival rate of the plants after the dendrobium plants are planted for 28 days, wherein the leaves of the seedlings are completely dried, no new buds germinate and the number of dead plants is counted and recorded as W; survival rate (%). 100%. 100-W)/100

Sample preparation: and (3) determining the survival rate of each group of dendrobium seedlings in the examples and the comparative examples after 28 days of planting, determining the survival rate of three groups of dendrobium seedlings in each group of examples and comparative examples, and taking the average value to obtain the survival rate of the dendrobium plants.

2. Stem length detection of dendrobe plants

The method comprises the following steps: measuring the plant length of the dendrobium plants after planting for 180 days; the plant length is the length from the root of the rhizome to the base of the tip;

sample preparation: and (3) measuring the plant length of the dendrobium plants in each group in the embodiment and the comparative example after planting for 180 days, measuring the plant length of three groups of dendrobium plants in each group of embodiment and comparative example, and averaging to obtain the average value, namely the plant length of the dendrobium plants.

3. Stem thickness detection method for dendrobium plants

The method comprises the following steps: measuring the stem thickness of the dendrobium plants after planting for 180 days; the stem thickness is based on the thickest part of the stem of the tested strain;

sample preparation: and (3) determining the stem thickness of the dendrobium plants in each group in the examples and the comparative examples after planting for 180 days, determining the stem thickness of three groups of dendrobium plants in each group of examples and comparative examples, and taking an average value to obtain the length of the dendrobium plants.

Table 1 analysis table of each index data of dendrobe plants in examples and comparative examples

Index (I)	Examples	Comparative example
			Survival rate (%)	95.1	49.23
Stem of noble dendrobium plant length (cm)	8.75	5.67
			Stem thickness (cm) of dendrobe plant	1.73	1.05

As can be seen from table 1, compared with the comparative example, the survival rate of the dendrobium plants, the plant length of the dendrobium plants and the stem thickness of the dendrobium plants in the embodiment all show obvious advantages, because after the water-retaining layer is designed at the bottom of the cultivation bag, water is provided for the dendrobium plants in the cultivation bag in an environment with small rainfall, so that the water supply is ensured, and the healthy growth of the dendrobium plants is promoted; therefore, the dendrobium plant cultivated by the cultivation bag with the water retention layer has higher survival rate, plant length and stem thickness, and can obviously improve the subsequent application value of the dendrobium.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. Dendrobe and bionical cultivation of tree intergrowth are with cultivation bag, its characterized in that includes:

a plurality of culture bags arranged side by side and a water retention layer arranged below the culture bags;

the water retention layer is fixedly connected with the bottom of each culture bag and is communicated with each culture bag through a water inlet hole, the diameter of each water inlet hole is 1-2 cm, a plurality of growth holes are formed in one side face of each culture bag, and the growth holes are located on the same side face of the plurality of culture bags;

an adjusting mechanism is arranged between two adjacent culture bags in a clamping way, and the adjusting mechanism comprises: the inner wall of the lower part of the first barrel is provided with a first water inlet communicated with the water retaining layer, the inner wall of the upper part of the first barrel is provided with a pair of second water inlets respectively communicated with two adjacent culture bags, a coaxial piston is arranged in the first barrel and is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the first barrel, the height of the piston is slightly larger than the diameter of the second water inlet, and the top of the piston is vertically and fixedly provided with a coaxial piston rod;

the outer bottom surface lower part on guarantor's water layer has connect the reserve water layer of the open reserve in upper portion, reserve water layer go up the border with guarantor's water layer's outer bottom surface rigid coupling, water layer's outer bottom surface lower part is equipped with a intercommunication device, the intercommunication device is located reserve water layer, the intercommunication device includes: the open second barrel in upper portion, the last border of second barrel with the outer bottom surface rigid coupling on water conservation layer, the second barrel is located in reserve water conservation layer, second barrel lateral wall is equipped with the hole of walking that runs through, the bottom surface of second barrel is equipped with the spike, the lateral wall of second barrel is for having the material of resilience.

2. The cultivation bag for biomimetic cultivation of symbiotic dendrobium and trees according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation bag is made of a film with a temperature of 3C or higher.

3. The cultivation bag for symbiotic biomimetic cultivation of dendrobium and trees according to claim 1, wherein the number of the growth holes is 4, and the diameter of the growth holes is 2-3 cm.

4. The dendrobe and tree symbiotic bionic cultivation method is characterized in that the dendrobe and tree symbiotic bionic cultivation is carried out by using the dendrobe and tree symbiotic bionic cultivation bag as defined in claim 1, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

injecting clear water into the water-retaining layer of the cultivation bag; uniformly mixing 70-80 parts by weight of Chinese fir wood chips and 10-15 parts by weight of bark of Chinese wampee, and treating in a water bath at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain a culture base material; uniformly mixing 5-10 parts by weight of northeast turf with the culture medium to obtain a culture medium; placing the uniformly mixed culture medium and 5-10 parts by weight of moss into a culture bag in sequence, and planting dendrobium seedlings;

the moss is placed towards one side provided with the growth holes, one side provided with the growth holes of the cultivation bag faces towards the tree, and the cultivation bag is fixed on the tree.

Images