CN108142268B - Closed type cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii and substrate cultivation method thereof - Google Patents
Closed type cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii and substrate cultivation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108142268B CN108142268B CN201710666565.7A CN201710666565A CN108142268B CN 108142268 B CN108142268 B CN 108142268B CN 201710666565 A CN201710666565 A CN 201710666565A CN 108142268 B CN108142268 B CN 108142268B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a closed cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii and a substrate cultivation method thereof, wherein an anoectochilus roxburghii plant can grow in the cultivation container in a closed manner for 5-6 months, management measures such as watering, fertilizing and the like are not needed in the whole growth process, and the growth vigor and the health condition of the plant only need to be observed through inspection. The invention can not only reduce the possibility of plant infection and control the spread range of germs, but also save labor, labor and cost, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial planting of anoectochilus formosanus, and particularly relates to a closed type anoectochilus formosanus cultivation container and a substrate cultivation method thereof.
Background
Anoectochilus roxburghii is a perennial herb of Anoectochilus roxburghii of Orchidaceae, is rich in amino acids, vitamins, saccharides, alkaloids, flavones, various trace elements and the like, has the effects of clearing heat, annealing, nourishing, strengthening, moistening lung, protecting liver, reducing swelling, detoxifying and the like, and can be used as a therapeutic drug, a nutritional health product and the like for diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, nephropathy, tumor and the like. Besides the extremely high medicinal value, the anoectochilus formosanus is a rare indoor ornamental plant treasure. Because the seed germination capacity of the anoectochilus formosanus is weak, the natural reproduction rate is extremely low, the growth is slow, and the anoectochilus formosanus is easy to be attacked by diseases and insect pests, and in addition, in recent years, large-scale artificial excessive digging is adopted, the wild resources are rapidly reduced and are nearly exhausted, so that the anoectochilus formosanus is bred in an artificial culture mode at present. However, most of the traditional artificial planting is under the forest or greenhouse open type plug planting, frequent management measures such as artificial watering, fertilization, pest control and the like are needed, the labor is large, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a closed cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii and a matrix cultivation method thereof, wherein the closed growth of plants can reach 5-6 months, management measures such as watering, fertilization and the like are not needed in the whole growth process, and the growth vigor and the health condition of the plants only need to be observed through inspection. The invention can not only reduce the possibility of plant infection and control the spread range of germs, but also save labor, labor and cost, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
One of the technical schemes adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a closed cultivation container for anoectochilus formosanus comprises an upper cover and a bottom box which are hermetically connected together; the upper cover is provided with an arc-like top, the top of the arc-like top is provided with a bulge, and the bulge is provided with a plurality of first air holes; a breathable sealing film is also stuck on the bulge and covers the first air holes; the bulge is also provided with a sealing cover, the shape of the sealing cover is matched with that of the bulge and is covered and connected on the bulge, and the sealing film is positioned between the bulge and the sealing cover; the sealing cover is provided with a plurality of second air holes corresponding to the first air holes; the relative positions of the first air hole and the second air hole are changed by rotating the sealing cover relative to the bulge so as to realize the adjustment of the ventilation volume; and the light transmittance of the upper cover is not lower than 90%; the bottom box is used for containing a culture substrate.
In one embodiment: the height of the upper cover is 180-220 mm, wherein the height of the arc-like top is 35-45 mm; the diameter of the bulge is 35-55 mm, and the height of the bulge is 8-12 mm.
In one embodiment: the height of the bottom box is 70-90 mm, and the thickness is 2-3 mm.
In one embodiment: the diameter of the first air hole is 4-8 mm; the diameter of the second air hole is 4-8 mm.
In one embodiment: 4 to 6 first air holes are formed; the number of the second air holes is 4-6.
In one embodiment: the upper cover is made of PET materials.
In one embodiment: the bottom box is made of PS materials.
In one embodiment: the sealing film is a PARAFILM sealing film.
In one embodiment: the cultivation container is a quadrangle with the side length of 280-350 mm, or a circle with the diameter of 280-350 mm.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a closed substrate cultivation method of Anoectochilus roxburghii with the cultivation container comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing peat soil and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 2.5-4.5, and blending the mixture with nutrient solution until the water content is 70-90% to obtain a matrix;
2) Filling the substrate obtained in the step 1) into a bottom box of the cultivation container, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 4.5-6.5 cm, and the thickness of the substrate accounts for 55-80% of the height of the bottom box;
3) The anoectochilus roxburghii bottle seedling is 900-1100 plants/m 2 The planting density of the plants is planted in the matrix, the planting depth is to bury the root systems of the lower parts of the plants, and the plants can stand normally;
4) After the anoectochilus roxburghii is planted, covering the upper cover on the bottom box to seal the cultivation container;
5) Culturing the culture container in proper environment with illumination intensity maintained at 55-95 μmol m -2 s -1 The illumination time is 6 to 14 hours/day, the environmental temperature is 18 to 26 ℃, the environmental humidity is 35 to 65 percent, and the humidity in the cultivation container is 70 to 90 percent; regulating ventilation amount during culture to make CO in culture container 2 The concentration is 600-1000 ppm.
Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
1. the upper half part of the upper cover of the cultivation container is provided with the arc-like top, so that dew condensed inside the cultivation container can conveniently flow down along the wall of the container and return to a substrate, the dew can be prevented from directly dropping onto blades from the top, and the plant pollution probability is reduced.
2. The light transmittance of the upper cover of the cultivation container is more than 90%, so that the light source waste can be reduced to the maximum extent, the light energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy is saved.
3. According to the cultivation container, the ventilation volume can be adjusted by rotating the top cover, and the gas exchange volume inside and outside the container is adjusted according to plant requirements, so that the requirement of plants on gas can be met, and the water loss can be controlled; meanwhile, the vent holes are pasted with special sealing films, so that gas exchange can be guaranteed, and the entering and infection of germs can be prevented.
4. The closed planting mode of the anoectochilus roxburghii adopted by the invention can not only effectively reduce the adverse effect of the surrounding environment and greatly reduce the possibility of plant infection, but also reduce the probability of pathogen mutual infection (even if individual diseased plants exist, the diseased plants can be controlled in local parts and cannot be diffused in a large area), and can preserve heat and moisture and improve the growth rate of plants; the water in the container can be recycled, and the water is saved.
5. During the growth period of the plants, management links such as watering, fertilizing and the like are not needed, labor force is saved, cost is saved, and efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a closed container for culturing Anoectochilus roxburghii according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a point a in fig. 1.
Reference numerals: the box comprises a bottom box 1, an upper cover 2, a first air vent 3, a sealing film 4, a top cover 5 and a substrate 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples:
example 1
A closed type cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii comprises an upper cover 2 and a bottom box 1 which can be buckled together in a sealing way;
the upper cover 2 is made of PET material with good light transmittance, and the light transmittance is not lower than 90%; the total height of the upper cover 2 is about 200mm, the height of the lower half part of the upper cover is about 160mm, the upper half part of the upper cover is provided with an arc-like top, the height of the arc-like top is about 40mm, and the top of the arc-like top is provided with a bulge with the diameter of 40-50 mm and the height of about 10 mm; the bulge is provided with 5 first air holes 3 with the diameter of 5-7 mm; the projection is also adhered with a breathable PARAFILM sealing film 4, has unique permeability, excellent gas permeability and strong corrosion resistance, can ensure gas exchange and can prevent germs from entering and infecting diseases; the sealing film 4 covers the 5 first air holes 3; the bulge is also provided with a sealing cover 5, the shape of the sealing cover 5 is matched with the shape of the bulge and is covered on the bulge, and the sealing film 4 is positioned between the bulge and the sealing cover 5; the seal cover 5 is provided with 5 second air holes with the diameter of 5-7 mm, and the second air holes correspond to the first air holes 3 respectively; the relative positions of the first air hole 3 and the second air hole are changed through the rotation of the sealing cover 5 relative to the bulge so as to realize the adjustment of the ventilation quantity;
the bottom box 1 is made of PS material, the thickness of the bottom box is 2-3 mm, and the bottom box has certain hardness and support property; the height ratio of the upper cover 2 to the bottom box 1 is about 2-3, and the structure conforms to the proportion of the overground part and the underground part in the plant growth process, so that the lack of growth space is avoided; in the embodiment, the height of the bottom box 1 is about 80mm, the bottom box is used for containing the substrate 6 for cultivation, and the thickness of the substrate 6 accounts for 60-75% of the height of the bottom box 1, so that the nutrition requirement during the growth period of plants can be met, the growth space requirement can also be met, and the situation that the plants are too crowded is avoided; and the top of the substrate is a distance away from the upper edge of the bottom box, so that the leaves of the plant can be ensured to be just completely positioned in the range of the upper cover, and the plant can be fully and uniformly illuminated.
The cultivation container of the present invention may be circular, quadrangular, or other in nature, and may be, for example, quadrangular with a side length of 280 to 350mm or circular with a diameter of 280 to 350 mm.
Example 2
A closed substrate cultivation method of Anoectochilus roxburghii with the cultivation container comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing peat soil and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 3-4;
2) Filling the substrate 6 obtained in the step 1) into a bottom box 1 of the cultivation container which is wiped clean in advance, wherein the thickness of the substrate 6 is 5-6 cm, and the thickness of the substrate 6 accounts for 60-75% of the height of the bottom box 1;
3) After the tissue culture bottle seedling of the anoectochilus formosanus is flushed with roots, sterilized and drained, the root is treated according to the ratio of about 1000 plants/m 2 The planting density of the plants is planted in the substrate 6, the planting depth is shallow, but not deep, so as to bury the root system at the lower part of the plants, and the plants can stand normally;
4) After the anoectochilus formosanus is planted, the upper cover 2 is covered on the bottom box 1 and fastened tightly to seal the cultivation container;
5) The cultivation container is placed on a cultivation rack with a suitable light source and cultivated until harvested. The illumination intensity is maintained between 60 and 90 mu mol m during the whole culture period -2 s -1 The illumination time is 8 to 12 hours/day, the environmental temperature is 20 to 24 ℃, the environmental humidity is 40 to 60 percent, and the humidity in the cultivation container is 75 to 85 percent; during the culture period, according to the different growth period gas exchange characteristics of anoectochilus formosanus, the internal and external gas exchange amount is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing number of the ventilation holes of the culture container, and the 3-4 first ventilation holes and the second ventilation holes are always kept to be aligned for ventilation, so that CO in the culture container is enabled to be in alignment with each other 2 The concentration is 800-1000 ppm, thus not only meeting the growth requirement of plants, but also reducing the water loss, avoiding the water shortage inhibition and regulating the growth rate of the plants.
The anoectochilus roxburghii planting mode can preserve heat and moisture and improve the growth rate of plants; the height of the bottle seedling before the plant is planted is 6-10 cm, the number of leaves is 3-4, the fresh weight of a single plant is 0.8-1.2 g, and after the plant grows in a closed manner for 5-6 months, the plant reaches the level of adult large seedlings, wherein the height of the plant reaches 18-21 cm, the number of leaves is 7-9, and the fresh weight of the single plant is 3.5-4.5 g. In the whole growth process, management measures such as watering, fertilizing and the like are not needed, and only the growth vigor and the health condition of the plants need to be inspected, so that labor is reduced, and the cost is reduced; but also greatly reduces the possibility of plant infection and the probability of pathogen mutual infection.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A closed substrate cultivation method of anoectochilus formosanus by using a closed cultivation container of anoectochilus formosanus is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cultivation container comprises an upper cover and a bottom box which are hermetically connected together, the height ratio of the upper cover to the bottom box is 2-3: 1, the height of the bottom box is 70-90 mm, and the thickness of the bottom box is 2-3 mm; the upper cover is provided with an arc-like top, the top of the arc-like top is provided with a bulge, and the bulge is provided with a plurality of first air holes; a breathable sealing film is further pasted on the bulge, the sealing film is a PARAFILM sealing film, and the sealing film covers the first breathable holes; the bulge is also provided with a sealing cover, the shape of the sealing cover is matched with that of the bulge and is covered and connected on the bulge, and the sealing film is positioned between the bulge and the sealing cover; the sealing cover is provided with a plurality of second air holes corresponding to the first air holes, and the number of the first air holes is 4-6; 4 to 6 second air holes are formed; the diameter of the first air hole is 4-8 mm; the diameter of the second air hole is 4-8 mm; the relative positions of the first air hole and the second air hole are changed through the rotation of the sealing cover relative to the bulge so as to realize the adjustment of the ventilation quantity; and the light transmittance of the upper cover is not lower than 90%; the bottom box is used for containing a culture medium; the height of the upper cover is 180-220 mm, and the height of the arc-like top is 35-45 mm; the diameter of the bulge is 35-55 mm, and the height of the bulge is 8-12 mm; the cultivation container is a quadrangle with the side length of 280-350 mm or a circle with the diameter of 280-350 mm;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing peat soil and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 2.5-4.5: 1, and blending with Hoagland's nutrient solution until the water content is 70-90% to obtain a matrix;
2) Filling the substrate obtained in the step 1) into a bottom box of the cultivation container, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 4.5-6.5 cm, and the thickness of the substrate accounts for 55-80% of the height of the bottom box;
3) The anoectochilus formosanus bottle seedlings are 900-1100 plants/m 2 The planting density of the plants is planted in the matrix, the planting depth is to bury the root systems of the lower parts of the plants, and the plants can stand normally;
4) After the anoectochilus formosanus is planted, covering the upper cover on the bottom box to seal the cultivation container;
5) Culturing the culture container in proper environment with illumination intensity maintained at 55-95 μmol m -2 s -1 The illumination time is 6 to 14 hours/day, the environmental temperature is 18 to 26 ℃, the environmental humidity is 35 to 65 percent, and the humidity in the cultivation container is 70 to 90 percent; adjusting the amount of gas exchange between the inside and outside by adjusting the number of the ventilation holes of the cultivation container during the cultivation period, keeping 3-4 first ventilation holes and second ventilation holes aligned for ventilation, and adjusting the ventilation amount to ensure that CO in the cultivation container 2 The concentration is 600-1000 ppm.
2. The closed substrate cultivation method of anoectochilus formosanus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper cover is made of PET materials.
3. The closed substrate cultivation method of anoectochilus formosanus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom box is made of PS materials.
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| CN201710666565.7A CN108142268B (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | Closed type cultivation container for anoectochilus roxburghii and substrate cultivation method thereof |
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| CN111758455A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Ornamental and edible plant micro landscape and cultivation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102792838A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 郑泽新 | Greenhouse cultivation method for anoectochilus formosanus |
| CN205794371U (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-12-14 | 泉州市金草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of scalable Herba Anoectochili roxburghii storage bottle |
| CN106508356A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-22 | 峨眉山生物资源实验站 | Underwood planting method of Emei Anoectochilus formosanus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102037892B (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-02-22 | 平和县绿林组织培养基地 | Jewel orchid seedling cultivation medium and seedling cultivation method |
| CN102100171B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-02-22 | 福建永安天奇健金线莲生态实业有限公司 | Aqueous culture method of anoectochilus |
| CN202232445U (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-05-30 | 石德江 | Combined bean sprout device |
| CN102907327B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-09-04 | 厦门加晟生物科技有限公司 | Tissue culture propagation method for anoectochilus roxburghii |
| CN205511406U (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-31 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Upper and lower open -ended plant tissue culture bottle |
| CN106171397A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of Herba Anoectochili roxburghii cultural method in artificial light type plant factor |
| CN106804340A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-09 | 广东乐将生物科技有限公司 | One kind covers ridge seedling greenhouse |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102792838A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 郑泽新 | Greenhouse cultivation method for anoectochilus formosanus |
| CN205794371U (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-12-14 | 泉州市金草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of scalable Herba Anoectochili roxburghii storage bottle |
| CN106508356A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-22 | 峨眉山生物资源实验站 | Underwood planting method of Emei Anoectochilus formosanus |
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