CN1120826A - 可热合的取向料片 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种半结晶热塑性聚合物的可热合取向薄膜或薄膜层。该薄膜有一个很薄的可热合表面层。该表面层由相同的热塑性聚合物构成,但具有不同的热合温度。这个表面层在热合时,无需使整个薄膜熔化。本发明还提供了一种生产该种可热合薄膜的方法。
Description
本发明涉及一种在取向料片上面形成可热合薄层的方法。
取向薄膜与纤维的使用很广泛,特别是与半结晶热塑性聚合物同时使用的。这些取向产品的特点是抗拉强度和模量都很大。取向还会影响构成料片的取向聚合物的结晶有序度,从而影响其熔点和软化点。这种取向聚合物的一个问题是其热合性不佳。通常的取向聚合物薄膜,其热合方式是将整个薄膜在其熔点以上进行热焊接。这种焊接式热合导致在焊接区产生剧烈的收缩和弯曲。焊接还会破坏焊接区的取向,使得薄膜或料片在这一要紧区域的强度降低。
制造可热合取向半结晶薄膜的努力,一般是集中于通过共挤塑、顺序挤塑或涂覆等方法在薄膜的外表面提供一个可热合高聚物的薄层。但是这些方法在薄膜的可制造性和两层之间附着上都存在问题。该可热合层是用低分子量的、低软化点的和/或结晶度低的聚合物,一般也会降低薄膜主体的抗拉性质。美国专利4,247,591提出的办法,是在共挤塑中用一个与主体聚合物种类相同,但平均分子量较高的薄外层,结果两层因此都是取向的。这个薄膜然后在这些薄外层中进行选择性的加热。据称,与单层取向薄膜的焊接接合相比,其接合强度约大30%。但这个方法的问题包括需要仔细地进行选择性加热,以保证热合主要留在高分子量的外层。并且这个方法不适用于厚度小于约5密耳(127微米)的薄膜。
对取向薄膜还有一个令人关注的问题,就是这些薄膜的光泽很强,而且耐磨性也差。有一系列专利是针对提供工业包装用的捆扎带的,这种捆扎带用取向聚合物薄膜制成。这些专利致力于这种取向薄膜的高光泽问题和耐磨性问题。美国专利3,394,045和4,428,720提出将取向薄膜用火焰或加热的镀铬辊将取向薄膜加热至熔化温度(例如,对聚丙烯是约475°F即246℃)。处理深度约为1密耳(25.4μm)。据称这样处理的带子可象通常的钢捆扎带那样使用,形成弯折连接。但是这个方法不甚适用于提供可封合的薄膜。这个方法中,处理的温度很高,其保持时间也较长,结果在带子外表面产生相当数量的氧化物质。这对捆扎带形成弯折连接并不构成问题,但对热合连接都是一种沾污。处理温度高,也对薄膜产生制造上的问题,因为会使较厚的熔融聚合物层粘着在辊子及相关的设备上。美国专利4,090,008也提出上述的那些专利在防止起尘和边缘纤化方面不足的缺点,该专利提出了一种用热处理只封合边缘的方法。美国4,451,524也致力于此同样纤化问题的解决,它提出在表面层(也是约1密耳即25.4微米)融化之后接着进行一取向步骤。
美国专利4,822,451总结了各种不同的薄膜表面处理现有方法及其效果,这些处理方法有:电晕放电处理、等离子体处理、溅蚀处理、电子束处理、火焰处理、高强度紫外线处理、激光处理。在该专利中所讨论的处理方法,其目标就是对薄膜的很薄表面层进行处理,同时要使外表面上的薄膜聚合物不产生或很少产生化学上的(结晶织构除外)或织构上的变化。而上面所总结的那些现有处理方法都会引起被处理的聚合物表面在织构上或化学本性上有某些变化。该专利所述的处理是一种高强度、高能量激光(如准分子激光)的处理,当用于一种半结晶聚合物表面时会产生约最好是20—250纳米厚的薄层,该薄层是准无定形状态。这种准无定形状态的特点是失去了短程结晶度,但仍保持一定程度的远程取向(若此处理层进行了再结晶即可看出)。这种处理需要将所用激光的波长与聚合物的吸收特性进行适当的匹配,这种处理方法都不会在被处理的聚合物表面产生织构化,而这是许多用途中需要的,因此这种激光处理的适用性受到了限制。
本发明提供一种薄的(例如薄于5密耳即127微米)、可热合的、取向的、半结晶和热塑性的物品或材料,例如料片如薄膜或薄膜层,以及其制造方法。可热封性是由薄的可热封表面层提供的,该表面的聚合物与料片(如薄膜或薄膜层)主体的聚合物是同一的,而结晶状态相似。经处理的表面层的特点是不存在氧化(例如,降解)物质,并且表面织构通常有所增加。这种处理的薄膜特别适用于用作压敏粘胶(PSA)带基。
图1是本发明处理过程的示意图。
图2是实施例2的薄膜在处理面和未处理面的掠射广角X射线衍射图(GWAX)(1.0°)。
图3是实施例2的薄膜在处理面和未处理面的掠射广角X射线衍射图(GWAX)(0.5°)。
本发明提供一种在半结晶取向聚合物物品或料片(如取向的薄膜或薄膜层)的上面形成一个可热合的半结晶的薄表面层的方法,以及由该方法得到的物品或料片,这个方法就是迅速地在一定压力下,将物品或料片外表面上的取向聚合物表面层迅速加热,至超过取向半结晶聚合物熔点的温度,对于取向料片,所用的设备是一受热的有纹理织构的表面,例如一个受热辊的有纹理织构的边缘表面。这个加热步骤持续的时间应是以处理该取向聚合物外表面上的仅1至15微米厚的表面层。
用本发明方法处理的表面层或表面层的某些区域或部位,其特点是存在含氧的降解物质,而这些物质在通常的热处理过程中是会产生的,如美国专利3,394,045或4,495,124中所述的过程或者美国专利4,417,948中所述的烧蚀过程。采用电子能谱分析(处理表面一般由90%至100%碳测量)(ESCA)(XPS)和水接触角测量表明,在本发明方法处理的表面层中明显是没有氧化物质的。本发明方法处理的表面层,其水接触角测出为88°至95°,与现有技术方法处理的表面层测出的水接触角相比较高,后者的角度较低,表明有较高的氧含量,这是因为相应的表面能较高。
现结合图1来例示并叙述本发明的方法。指示号1表明一个由开卷辊2和合适的惰辊3供应的热塑性薄膜带。薄膜1被喂入在一加热的花面辊5和一支承辊4之间的辊隙,辊子5和辊子4可以其中任一个或两个是驱动的。该加热的夹送辊5的表面是有花面纹理的,例如是用一个经喷砂处理的镀铬钢质辊。辊子5或者也可有一个剥离表面,以免有高粘性熔化的聚合物积聚在加热辊子5上面。对辊子5加热的方式可用常规的一些方法,如用热水或热油、电阻加热或感应加热。
辊子5的表面温度应控制到比薄膜1的聚合物熔解温度高至少5℃,对镀铬辊子最好高至少30℃,而对用剥离表面盖覆的辊子通常还要高些。薄膜与加热辊5之间的咬送接触面积一般很小,其长不过1至10mm,最好仅2至5mm,但若薄膜1的速度加快,则也可采用相应较大的接触面积。通过辊隙6的薄膜1的速度宜至少为每分钟50英尺(15米),更好至少为每分钟75英尺(23米)。薄膜与受热的夹送接触面积之间的较佳接触时间小于约20毫秒(ms)但小于约15ms,乃至5ms以下更佳。接触时间若长于20ms,处理薄膜层会氧化,从而使其抗拉性质严重下降。这就使该薄膜不会充分地热合,而会在辊隙处断开。上述的较佳条件在某种程度上当然取决于薄膜1的聚合物材料。聚合物的粘弹性质、流变性质或导热性质不同,则薄膜与加热辊5所需的接触时间可能会大些或小些。上述的适宜条件主要系对等规的聚丙烯及类似的聚合物、共聚物和共混物而言。
支承辊4与加热辊5的设置,应产生足以令被处理的薄膜表面与加热辊5有基本上连续接触的夹送压力,但在加热辊5和薄膜1之间,有一定限量的微小(或微观)的未接触点存在也并非不允许,因为它们会对薄膜洁净地脱离加热辊5起有益作用。所需的夹送压力一般比用于常规压花处理的压力小一些。辊子5处于高温度,可使薄膜1的聚合物表面层的粘度降低,足以令受热聚合物薄膜在低压力下发生有限的粘性流动,进入与加热夹送辊的接触。发现压力小到0.2至10每线性英寸磅(PLI)(0.09至4.56每线性厘米千克)已经足够。夹送压力若大于10PLI,薄膜可能会因边缘蠕变而产生变形。对支承辊4最好采取一定的冷却措施,以避免热量聚积在辊隙6中。支承辊4上也可以有一层薄的可形变的即弹性的覆层(例如用肖氏A硬度小于80的硅橡胶),其目的是确保薄膜1的表面与花面的加热辊5之间有良好的接触。
传动辊7则传送处于该辊子7和辊子8之间辊隙中的薄膜带。辊子7和辊子8中有一个最好也覆以硅橡胶。重卷辊9也是从动的,可能由传动辊7带动。
薄膜1是一种半结晶聚合物,它至少在一个方向上经受了取向处理,使得薄膜有非各向同性的性质。这种取向是很一般的,在此无需赘言。
如图2和图3的GWAX图所示,在处理的表面层中保留的薄膜1聚合物的取向和结晶程度较低。在处理层中保留的取向程度一般很低,但仍有取向。在图2和图3的GWAX图中,由两个主峰相对强度的差别,取向的保留明显可见,如果所测试的聚合物层中不存在取向,这两个主峰应为同样高度。由GWAX的强度和图形(0.5°和1.0°)可以知道,结晶结构仍保留到相当的程度(直达60%至96%)。一般并未出现新的结晶峰,这表明边界层中结晶结构并无变化,也未产生完全无定形的聚合物,这些是在美国专利4,822,451或3,394,045中指出过的。0.5°掠射广角X射线衍射谱(GWAX)一般表明保留了至少5—10%的未处理表面的结晶度,最好至少是50%至70%乃至95%。
经处理表面层聚合物的晶粒尺寸显著变小,同时总的结晶度与取向度有所降低。这由处理的聚合物表面层的软化温度比未处理薄膜聚合物为低可以看出。表明处理表面层聚合物的软化点降低的事实是,在比薄膜1的未处理取向聚合物的熔点或熔点温度低5℃或还多些的热合温度条件下,处理薄膜在其处理表面层具有相当大的自粘合强度。在这样较低的热合温度,经表面处理的薄膜,其所显示的自粘合强度与未处理薄膜在其软化点附近焊合时的粘合强度相近,甚至更高。因此,经处理的薄膜可以进行热合而不影响其取向度和结晶度,同时热合处的薄膜强度也无损失。在这样较低的热合温度,本发明方法处理的薄膜,其处理表面与其它表面(例如聚烯烃和共聚物)的粘合强度也有所增加。
将薄膜迅速地局部加热到比取向聚合物熔点高很多的温度,虽然会使处理表面层的结晶结构发生改变,但其结晶结构和相关性质不会象通常热处理中的那样失去。而且本发明的处理方法将表面层处理的深度限制在小于20微米(μm)范围,最好小于15微米范围,这样,处理层的厚度占薄膜总厚度就小于约50%,最好约20%。这样做,就限制了最终处理薄膜中取向主体聚合物性质的丧失。还发现,采用了本发明的处理方法,聚合物的降解和相关连的氧化物质的产生(或者直接在处理表面上,或者是通过熔化聚合物先粘附到花面的热处理辊然后又粘回到薄膜上)也最大限度地减少了。
在与薄膜1接触的加热辊5的表面有花面纹理,发现有防止熔化聚合物转移到该辊面上的作用,特别是对于通常用的镀铬表面。纹理深度(Ra)一般至少约10微吋(0.3μm),最好约20微吋(0.5μm),但不得超过400微吋(10.2μm)。Ra太大即花面辊的表面纹理太深,薄膜处理的均匀性会降低,而Ra太小,薄膜聚合物会粘着于辊子上。采用能耐辊子高温度的防粘剂涂层,可有助于防止某些高粘性聚合物的粘着。合适的防粘处理包括采用TeflonTM等氟化合物涂层。
加热辊5上的纹理至少间接地传递给薄膜1的表面层,增加了其织构,并因此至少部分地减少了其表面光泽,60°的表面光泽度减至30%以下,减至15%以下更佳。光泽度一般可以为3%至50%,但5%至30%更佳。有织构的处理表面的Ra值,其范围为20至500微吋(0.5—12.7μm),最好为50至400微吋(1.3—10.2μm)。Ra太低,其意义不大,而Ra太高,则要达到这么高的Ra值而仍在所需厚度上获得有效连续的表面层是不容易的。对织构表面的顶点计数结果,需要最少为50点/吋(20点/厘米),100至400点/吋(39—157点/厘米)更佳(其测量见后)。采用非剥离覆层的(如镀铬的)加热辊,可得到最大的表面织构化和光泽度降低,但对某些聚合物,为避免熔融聚合物的粘着,可能需要采用适宜的可剥离覆层在辊子上,同时仍能获得所需的织构化。对于有一些高光泽度不受欢迎的用途,例如某些粘胶带基,或者当例如薄膜要覆层时,薄膜的处理表面层常需具有表面织构。本发明的表面织构化方法已能满足这些典型用途的织构要求,不需用如同美国专利3,394,045或4,428,720所述的热处理或美国专利4,822,451表1所列的各种表面处理那样对外表面进行一些典型的并不适宜的化学改性。
适用于本发明处理的聚合物是一些可取向的热塑性聚合物,它们通常是半结晶热塑性聚合物,如聚烯烃(聚丙烯或聚乙烯)、聚酯、聚胺等。所用的聚合物只需要能被加热至高于其熔点的某一适当温度,还不致粘着于即转移到以本发明方法很高速度旋转的加热辊上。对于本发明,聚烯烃一般是很适用的,尤其聚丙烯和共聚物,它们并不会粘着于加热辊上。但有些聚酯熔融时粘性很大,会粘着于加热辊。而且这些聚酯的熔化温度相对较高,常用的防粘剂在辊子上无法使用,因为会发生降解。
因为本发明处理的表面层厚度很小(有时可小于10微米),所以本发明的方法可视需要用于处理很薄的薄膜或纤维网(例如小于5密耳(100μm)直至1—3密耳(25—75μm)的),此时对薄膜的取向聚合物本体性质不会发生显著影响,在例如辊子5上热处理表面的纹理深度应与薄膜上的处理层深度相配合(其配合关系又取决于处理温度与接触时间),以保证在处理时表面层的熔融相与加热辊的纹理表面基本上能连续接触。
上述结合图1所述的本发明方法可用于其它料片或物品,也可用其它手段来实施。下面,再用一些实施例来说明本发明,这些实施例提出的是现在想到的优选实施方案。
实施例1
在本例中,一个1—2密耳(25—50μm)厚的双轴取向的聚丙烯薄膜(熔点170℃)迅速通过一个用TEFLONTM聚合物涂覆的加热辊,辊的表面温度加热至250℃。结果薄膜的表面看得出具有织构的外观。
实施例2
在本例中,一个1密耳(25μm)厚的双轴取向聚丙烯(BOPP)聚合物(熔点170℃)薄膜通过一个用TEFLONTM(DuPont 958-203)聚合物涂覆(1.5密耳即38μm厚,抛光至Ra为30—50微吋即0.8—1.3μm)的加热辊,通过速度为75呎/分(23米/分)。辊子加热至其表面温度为260℃。薄膜与辊子表面接触的长度约2—4mm,总接触吋间约3—5微秒。经处理后,薄膜表面光洁度测量结果,Ra值为57微吋(1.4μm),顶点计数为105点/吋(41点/厘米)。其测量是用一个Surtronic表面光洁度测定仪(购自Taylor-Hoson公司,Leo-cester,England),它是#1502触针,长行程,50带宽的。
使用一个热合压机以40磅/吋2(3千克/厘米2)的压力和1秒时间,为的是检测薄膜的自粘合性质。先测粘合强度(用ASTMD1876-72t剥离试验)的处理薄膜样品,用的热合温度是300°F(149℃),测出结果约为3.4磅/吋2(0.6千克/厘米2)。对未经处理的薄膜第一次测自粘合强度,样品热合温度是在340°F(171℃),测出结果是约0.3磅/吋2(0.05千克/厘米2),其使用的试验方法是下述的180度剥离试验法。
对比实施例3
对一个1密耳厚的双轴取向聚乙烯(熔点170℃)薄膜进行了处理,其方法是将它以30呎/分(9米/分)的速度通过一流动涂装的等离子体涂层的加热辊(Plasma Coatings公司,#315),其均方根(RMS)光洁度为80—100微吋(2—2.5μm),辊子加热至约280°—290℃,此时辊子外表面温度为约250°—260℃。薄膜与辊子表面的接触长度约为2—4mm,总接触时间约2ms。经处理后的表面光洁度测定结果为:Ra值是435微吋(11μm),顶点计数是75点/吋(30点/厘米)。采用扫描电镜的边缘视角,观测了表面处理的深度,该深度看来已接近薄膜厚度,即约25微米。这个处理后的薄膜,其原来的主体取向已消失殆尽。
实施例4
取实施例2中的薄膜,以150呎/分(46米/分)的薄膜速度用一喷砂的镀铬钢辊(Ultra Plating公司,Ra为70微吋(1.8μm),顶点计数为200—300点/吋(79—118点/厘米))进行了处理,辊子表面温度为约190°—200℃。薄膜与辊子的接触长度为2—4mm,总接触时间约12ms。经此处理的薄膜光洁度为:Ra值是70微吋(1.8μm),顶点计数是230点/吋(91点/厘米)。扫描电镜测出的薄膜截面上表面处理的深度为约4—5微米。用一Gardner光泽计测量了其百分光泽度,结果为15,这样的薄膜表面可视为无光毛面。
采用Physical Review Letters,66(9),p1181-1184(1991)中所述的GWAX方法测量了未处理和经处理的薄膜表面的结晶度,对这两种表面都沿相对于取向方向的同一个轴进行测量。在1°GWAX,处理膜表面层的结晶度比未处理表面层的结晶度低22%,在0.5°GWAX则低58%。在这两种表面上的GWAX110峰(2θ=13.5°)和040峰,130峰(2θ=17°,18.5°)都是对称的,这表明了这两种表面上的聚合物结晶取向。对实施例2的薄膜类似地作了检测,其结果是处理表面在1.0°和0.5°分别显示了低12%和低50%的结晶度(图2和图3是实施例2的GWAX扫描图,图中曲线21和31是未处理表面,曲线22和32是处理表面,图2是1°,图3是0.5°,这两张图是强度对应于2θ的曲线图)。
这种薄膜的经处理表面还层压到一高密度聚乙烯吹胀薄膜(厚2密耳即51μm,Consolidated Thermoplastics公司)上面,所用的热合压机压力为30磅/吋2(2千克/厘米2),温度为300°F(149℃),时间为1.5秒。层压样品用一双面胶带固定,用4.5磅(2.1千克)的力进行了轧压,然后以12吋/分(30厘米/分)的剥离速度进行了180°剥离试验。结果测出的剥离力为250克/吋(0.98千克/厘米)。而未处理薄膜,类似在层压到相同的吹胀薄膜上,也做了试验,结果剥离力仅为10克/吋(0.04千克/厘米)。
实施例5
仍对实施例2的薄膜进行处理,其方法是将薄膜以150呎/分(46米/分)的速度通过一喷砂镀铬钢辊(Ultra Plating公司,Ra为50微吋(1.3μm),顶点计数为200—300点/吋(79—118点/厘米)),该辊的表面温度为约190°—200℃。薄膜与辊的接触长度为2—4mm。用SEM测量出处理深度为约3—7微米。表面光洁度测出为:Ra是61微吋(1.6μm),顶点计数是260点/吋(102点/厘米),在60°测出的百分光泽度为14。这表明薄膜的表面是无光毛面。
实施例6
仍用实施例2的薄膜进行处理,其方法是将薄膜以200呎/分(61米/分)的速度通过一喷砂镀铬钢辊(Ultra Plating公司,Ra为35微吋(0.9μm),顶点计数为200—300点/吋(79—118点/厘米)),辊面温度为190°—200℃。薄膜与辊的接触长度为2—4mm。用SEM测量出处理厚度为约3—6微米。表面光洁度测出为:Ra是54微吋(1.4μm),顶点计数是260点/吋(102点/厘米),在60°测出的百分光泽度为14。这表明薄膜的表面是无光毛面。这个处理膜不均匀,因为加热辊的Ra较小,膜在辊子表面有粘着现象。
对比实施例7
采用美国专利4,495,124所述的方法对实施例2的薄膜进行了处理。其方法是将1密耳厚的双轴取向聚丙烯聚合物薄膜通过高度抛光的镀铬钢辊(Ultra Plating公司,光洁度为8—10微吋即0.2—0.26μm的Ra值),薄膜速度为30呎/分(9米/分),辊面温度约180℃。结果,对材料无法进行处理,因为薄膜在辊隙处已粘着于加热的辊面。所用的保持时间与上述专利中所述的最快保持时间差不多。这个专利中所述的方法可以很好地适用于厚的单轴取向料片,但发现并不适合于处理薄的用作可热合取向材料的双轴和单轴取向料片。
对于本技术领域的熟练人员来说,不论在不偏离本发明范围和精神的条件下,对本发明进行各种修改和变换。本发明不应限于上述仅供说明用的实施例情况。
Claims (18)
1.一种可热合的取向热塑性料片,该料片的纤维、薄膜或薄膜层,其特征在于所述的料片聚合物具有结晶或半结晶结构,并且该料片聚合物具有经处理的可热合的表面层或表面层区,该表面层或表面层区厚约1—15微米,具有类似的结晶结构,其软化点比未处理的纤维、薄膜或薄膜层聚合物的软化点低至少3℃。
2.如权利要求1所述的热塑性料片,该料片为薄膜或薄膜层,其特征在于,经处理的表面层或表面层区聚合物的软化点比未处理料片聚合物的软化点至少低5℃,料片聚合物是一种聚烯烃聚合物、共聚物或共混物。
3.如权利要求1所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,经处理的表面层或表面层区聚合物的软化点比未处理料片聚合物的软化点至少低5℃,且用掠射广角X射线衍射测出的结晶度至少低5%。
4.如权利要求2所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,经处理的表面层或表面层区聚合物的结晶度比未处理聚合物的结晶度低30—95%,且该聚烯烃是一种聚丙烯聚合物或共聚物。
5.如权利要求1—4中任一项所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,表面层或表面层区占所述薄膜或薄膜层的至少一个外表面的5—100%。
6.如权利要求1—4中任一项所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,表面层或表面层区在其外表面处的氧含量少于1%。
7.如权利要求1—4中任一项所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,该表面层或表面层区的Ra值约为20—500微吋,在本申请中所述的50带宽的顶点计数值至少为50点/吋,且百分光泽度为3—50%。
8.如权利要求1—4中任一项所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,在其至少一个外表面上具有一层压敏粘胶剂。
9.如权利要求1—4中任一项所述的热塑性料片,其特征在于,该薄膜或薄膜层的厚度小于5密耳。
10.在一结晶或半结晶聚合物的取向薄膜或薄膜层上面形成可热合表面层或表面层区的方法,其特征在于,它包括以下步骤:
(a)提供一结晶或半结晶聚合物的取向薄膜或薄膜层;
(b)令所述取向薄膜或薄膜层的一侧外表面的至少一个区域与一个加热至该取向聚合物熔点以上温度的有印花纹理的表面相接触,接触时间应足够,使得能将其厚度不大于15微米的表面层加热处理到所述聚合物熔点以上的温度,此时薄膜在压力作用下藉支承夹送与一加热的花面辊相接触,该压力应足以保持薄膜与加热花面辊之间基本上是连续接触的。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,该加热的花面辊的Ra至少是20微吋,并具有可剥离涂层。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,该夹送部位的肖氏A硬度小于约80。
13.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,当薄膜的运动速度至少为50呎/分时,该薄膜与加热辊的接触长度为1至10mm。
14.如权利要求10—13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,薄膜与加热辊的接触时间为20微秒或更短。
15.如权利要求10—13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,薄膜与加热辊的接触时间为5微秒或更短。
16.如权利要求10—13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,薄膜处理达到的深度至少为1微米,该处理层与未处理聚合物相比,其结晶结构相同,但结晶度较低。
17.如权利要求10—13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,加热辊的温度比步骤(a)中提供的未处理薄膜或薄膜层取向聚合物的熔点至少高5℃。
18.如权利要求10—13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,加热辊的温度比薄膜聚合物的熔点至少高30℃
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/047,807 | 1993-04-15 | ||
US08/047,807 US5328653A (en) | 1993-04-15 | 1993-04-15 | Process of making heat-sealable oriented web |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1120826A true CN1120826A (zh) | 1996-04-17 |
Family
ID=21951083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94191760A Pending CN1120826A (zh) | 1993-04-15 | 1994-02-04 | 可热合的取向料片 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5328653A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0693990B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3843310B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100311766B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1120826A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU673430B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2158259A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69403206T2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW270152B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994023933A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA941339B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN114953409A (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 四川大学 | 利用废弃双轴拉伸薄膜制备高性能再加工塑料制品的方法 |
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CA2302198C (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2007-01-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Embossed oriented polymer films |
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SG71168A1 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-03-21 | Gen Electric | Method for producing textured thermoplastic film |
SG75890A1 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-10-24 | Gen Electric | Finishing roll sleeve for extruded thermoplastic film |
US6514585B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2003-02-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Tape strip pads and dispenser and method of dispensing individual tape strips |
US20040130057A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-07-08 | Reza Mehrabi | Process and apparatus for microreplication |
DE10335494A1 (de) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-03-04 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verbinden von Fügepartnern |
JP2006513450A (ja) * | 2003-01-06 | 2006-04-20 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | エンボス加工された配向光学フィルム |
US20070001333A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-04 | Ashwit Dias | System and method for forming textured polymeric films |
US7604668B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2009-10-20 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Composite self-cohered web materials |
US8048503B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2011-11-01 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Highly porous self-cohered web materials |
US7850810B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-12-14 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Method of making porous self-cohered web materials |
US20070026039A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Drumheller Paul D | Composite self-cohered web materials |
US20070027551A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Farnsworth Ted R | Composite self-cohered web materials |
US7655584B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-02-02 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Highly porous self-cohered web materials |
US7655288B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-02-02 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Composite self-cohered web materials |
US20070026040A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Crawley Jerald M | Composite self-cohered web materials |
US8802002B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2014-08-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Dimensionally stable bonded nonwoven fibrous webs |
EP2303576B1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2014-02-26 | Jindal Films Americas, LLC | Matte surface multilayer films having improved sealing properties, their methods of manufacture, and articles made therefrom |
JP2011107405A (ja) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-06-02 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 視野角制御シート及びその製造方法 |
WO2011139919A1 (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Synergistic biopolymer blown film extrusion system and method |
WO2012039856A1 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-29 | Exxonmobil Oil Corporation | Multi-layer films having improved sealing properties |
JP6186986B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-25 | 2017-08-30 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 蓋材用撥水性フィルム、蓋材、及び包装容器 |
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WO2023209699A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Keter Home and Garden Products Ltd. | Processes for texturizing and marking a surface |
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-
1993
- 1993-04-15 US US08/047,807 patent/US5328653A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-02-04 EP EP19940913875 patent/EP0693990B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-04 CN CN94191760A patent/CN1120826A/zh active Pending
- 1994-02-04 CA CA 2158259 patent/CA2158259A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-04 DE DE69403206T patent/DE69403206T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-04 WO PCT/US1994/001279 patent/WO1994023933A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-02-04 JP JP52312394A patent/JP3843310B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-04 AU AU65861/94A patent/AU673430B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-02-04 KR KR1019950704467A patent/KR100311766B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-18 TW TW83101362A patent/TW270152B/zh active
- 1994-02-25 ZA ZA941339A patent/ZA941339B/xx unknown
- 1994-04-18 US US08/229,168 patent/US5411788A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114953409A (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 四川大学 | 利用废弃双轴拉伸薄膜制备高性能再加工塑料制品的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69403206T2 (de) | 1998-01-22 |
EP0693990A1 (en) | 1996-01-31 |
ZA941339B (en) | 1995-08-25 |
AU6586194A (en) | 1994-11-08 |
AU673430B2 (en) | 1996-11-07 |
WO1994023933A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
JPH08508944A (ja) | 1996-09-24 |
EP0693990B1 (en) | 1997-05-14 |
JP3843310B2 (ja) | 2006-11-08 |
DE69403206D1 (de) | 1997-06-19 |
KR100311766B1 (ko) | 2001-12-17 |
CA2158259A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
US5328653A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
KR960701737A (ko) | 1996-03-28 |
TW270152B (zh) | 1996-02-11 |
US5411788A (en) | 1995-05-02 |
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