CN112075455A - Efficient antitranspirant and application method thereof in full-crown transplanting of big trees - Google Patents
Efficient antitranspirant and application method thereof in full-crown transplanting of big trees Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/08—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of tree transplanting, and particularly discloses a high-efficiency antitranspirant and an application method thereof in full-crown transplanting of a big tree. The antitranspirant comprises abscisic acid, sodium alginate, humic acid, turpentine diene, solvent and calcium chloride; the application method in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree comprises the following steps: pre-treating the big tree to be transplanted, spraying an antitranspirant on the big tree to be transplanted, digging and planting the big tree to be transplanted, and managing the big tree at the later stage of transplanting. According to the anti-transpiration agent, sodium alginate and calcium chloride are mutually reacted and are mutually matched with turpentine diene, so that the film forming effect of the anti-transpiration agent on the surface of the leaf is enhanced, the cohesion of a molecular film is enhanced, and the transpiration rate of a big tree is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tree transplanting, in particular to a high-efficiency antitranspirant and an application method thereof in full-crown transplanting of big trees.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous development of national economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, policies are also continuously promoting urban greening measures, and the urban greening environment is generally increased by transplanting greening plants. In the process of plant transplantation, because the water absorption capacity of plant root systems is suddenly reduced due to loss, the transpiration effect of plant leaf surfaces is difficult to maintain by water absorbed in vivo, and the water loss is reduced by usually adopting a branch cutting and leaf picking mode. When the big trees need to be transplanted in a full crown mode, an anti-transpiration agent needs to be adopted to reduce the transpiration of the leaf surfaces of the plants, ensure the water balance in the plants and improve the transplanting survival rate. The antitranspirant can reduce the transpiration of the plant by reducing the stomata of the plant, reflecting solar radiation or blocking the way of stomata water transpiration so as to reduce the loss of water in the plant.
The antitranspirant in the related art is prepared from the turpentine diene, the turpentine diene can hinder transpiration of pore moisture after forming a film on the surface of the leaf, and the turpentine diene belongs to a low-molecular polymer, so that the surface tension of the turpentine is high, the wetting and spreading capability of the turpentine diene sprayed on the leaf is poor, liquid drops are easily and quickly formed to slide off, the film forming effect of the turpentine on the surface of the leaf is poor, and the transpiration effect of plants cannot be effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the film forming effect of the transpirant and reduce the transpiration resistance of plants, the application provides the high-efficiency transpirant and the application method thereof in the whole-crown transplanting of the big trees.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high-efficiency antitranspirant, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the efficient antitranspirant comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
abscisic acid: 0.5 to 1.2 portions;
sodium alginate: 15-18 parts;
humic acid: 13-16 parts;
rosin diene: 35-46 parts;
solvent: 25-35 parts;
the component B is 3-5 parts of calcium chloride.
By adopting the technical scheme, polysaccharides with different molecular weights exist in the sodium alginate, a part of the sodium alginate can permeate into plant tissues through pores and interact with protein, gaps among plant fibers are increased, so that more water can be absorbed and retained, another part of the sodium alginate and calcium chloride react with each other to generate a calcium alginate gel film on the surface of the leaf, the calcium alginate gel film is matched with turpentine diene, the cohesiveness of the molecular film is enhanced, the film forming effect of the anti-transpirant on the surface of the leaf is improved, the transpiration of the water on the pores of the leaf can be hindered, the transpiration rate is reduced, the water saving rate and the survival rate of big trees are improved, and the utilization rate of the anti-transpirant is improved.
Preferably, the component A raw material of the antitranspirant further comprises 6-12 parts by weight of urea.
By adopting the technical scheme, the urea can quickly generate fertilizer effect for the big trees, increase the accumulation of nutrient substances, promote the metabolic growth of the big trees and improve the survival rate.
Preferably, the humic acid is prepared by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 2:3: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the ammonium humate to the sodium humate to the potassium humate is controlled to be 2:3:1, and the ammonium humate to the sodium humate and the potassium humate are compounded and used, so that the total effect of humic acid can be improved, and the transpiration rate is reduced.
Preferably, the solvent is ethyl acetate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ethyl acetate is used as a solvent, so that the spreading effect of the antitranspirant on the surface of the leaf can be improved, the adhesion force of the antitranspirant and the leaf is increased, the shedding is prevented, the film forming effect of the antitranspirant on the surface of the leaf is improved, the transpiration rate is reduced, and the water loss of the big tree is reduced.
Preferably, the preparation method of the antitranspirant comprises the following steps:
s01, uniformly mixing the abscisic acid, the humic acid, the rosinadiene and the solvent according to the proportion, stirring for 5-10 min, then adding the sodium alginate, controlling the temperature to be 35-45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to be 7.2-7.5, and stirring and mixing for 5-10 min to obtain a component A; s02, weighing calcium chloride according to the proportion to obtain a component B;
and S03, before the antitranspirant is used, adding the component B into the component A, stirring and mixing for 10-15 min, and filtering to obtain the antitranspirant, wherein the antitranspirant is used up within 0.5-1 h.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the sodium alginate is added into the A component of the anti-transpirant, the pH value of the adjusting system is alkalescent, so that the consistency of the solution of the A component can be properly increased by the sodium alginate, the using amount of the turpentine diene is reduced, when the B component is added into the A component, the sodium alginate and a small amount of calcium chloride can be combined with each other and used within a certain time, so that the sodium alginate and the calcium chloride can form a gel film on the surface of the blade, thereby blocking the transpiration moisture of air holes and reducing the loss of moisture.
Preferably, in the step S01, 6 to 12 parts of urea is further added to the B component, and the urea is added and mixed together with the abscisic acid, the humic acid, the rosiadiene and the solvent.
Preferably, in step S01, the sodium alginate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in advance before being added, the ultrasonic time is 20min to 30min, and the ultrasonic power is 400W to 600W.
By adopting the technical scheme, the particle size of the sodium alginate particles can be reduced by treating the sodium alginate with ultrasonic waves, so that the dispersibility of the sodium alginate in the antitranspirant component can be improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides an application method of an efficient transpirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree, and the following technical scheme is adopted:
an application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: fully watering a big tree to be transplanted three days before digging, trimming the cross branches, the dead branches of plant diseases and insect pests and the bare-grown branches of the big tree, flattening the cut positions, and smearing a preservative and a callus paste;
s2, spraying an antitranspirant: preparing an antitranspirant, and spraying the antitranspirant on the crown leaves of the big tree until water drops on the leaf surfaces drop;
s3, digging and planting: digging soil balls at the roots of the big trees, smearing the cut root surfaces of more than 1cm with a preservative and a wound healing agent to promote the growth of adventitious roots, binding the soil balls, digging planting pits on the planting land processed in the step S1, loading the roots of the big trees into the planting pits, cutting binders, filling soil, watering and well performing supporting work;
s4, post management: in the high-temperature period, the leaf surfaces of the big trees are watered every day to reduce the temperature, so as to prevent the withering at high temperature.
By adopting the technical scheme, the leaf blade of the big tree to be transplanted is sprayed with the transpiration resistant agent before digging and transplanting, so that the transpiration of the big tree can be reduced in the transplanting process and after transplanting, and therefore, the water is locked in the plant body, the water balance is kept, and the survival rate of the whole-crown transplanting of the big tree is improved.
Preferably, in the step S1, the planting land is deeply ploughed and fertilized, the ploughing depth is 50cm-60cm, and the fertilizing amount is 1.5kg/m2-2.5kg/m2。
By adopting the technical scheme, the soil to be planted is ploughed and fertilized, so that the oxygen content and nutrient substances in the soil can be increased, oxygen required by the respiration of the roots of the transplanted big trees in the soil is provided, the growth of the roots is promoted, and the survival rate of the big trees is improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sodium alginate contains polysaccharides with different molecular weights, a part of the sodium alginate can permeate into plant tissues through pores and interact with protein, gaps among plant fibers are increased, and therefore more water can be absorbed and retained, another part of the sodium alginate and calcium chloride react with each other to generate a calcium alginate gel film on the surface of the leaf, and the calcium alginate gel film is matched with turpentine diene, so that the cohesiveness of the molecular film is enhanced, the film forming effect of the anti-transpirant on the surface of the leaf is improved, the transpiration of water on pores of the leaf can be hindered, the transpiration rate is reduced, the water saving rate and the survival rate of big trees are improved, and the utilization rate of the anti-transpirant is improved.
2. The weight ratio of the ammonium humate to the sodium humate to the potassium humate is controlled to be 2:3:1, and the ammonium humate to the sodium humate and the potassium humate are compounded and used, so that the total effect of the humic acid can be improved, and the transpiration rate can be reduced.
3. The ethyl acetate is used as a solvent, so that the spreading effect of the antitranspirant on the surface of the leaf can be improved, the adhesion force of the antitranspirant and the leaf is increased, the leaf is prevented from falling off, the film forming effect of the antitranspirant on the surface of the leaf is improved, the transpiration rate is reduced, and the water loss of the big tree is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The sources of the raw materials in the following examples, application examples, comparative examples and comparative application examples are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 sources of raw materials
| Name of raw materials | Model number | Manufacturer of the product |
| Abscisic acid | CAS number: 14375-45-2 | Tianmen Changchang chemical Co Ltd |
| Sodium alginate | The goods number is: zcj-1 | Hebei Kelong Multi-Biotech Co., Ltd |
| Urea | —— | Shandong Weiduofeng Biotech Co., Ltd |
| Ammonium humate | —— | Lu Liang city Sheng Dai biological development Co Ltd |
| Humic acid sodium salt | —— | Lu Liang city Sheng Dai biological development Co Ltd |
| Potassium humate | —— | Lu Liang city Sheng Dai biological development Co Ltd |
| Ethyl acetate | The model is as follows: 141-78-6 | Shenzhen Denolong New Material Co Ltd |
| Preservative | CAS number: 126-96-5 | Jucheng biological products (Yunnan) limited |
| Wound healing ointment | —— | HEBEI DEWODUO FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. |
Examples
The specific components, contents and process parameters of examples 1-3 are shown in Table 2:
the high-efficiency antitranspirant is prepared by the following steps:
s01, performing ultrasonic treatment on sodium alginate in advance, wherein the ultrasonic time and the ultrasonic power are shown in a table 2, uniformly mixing abscisic acid, humic acid, rosinadine and a solvent according to the proportion, the primary stirring time is shown in the table 2, then adding the sodium alginate after ultrasonic treatment, controlling the temperature condition, the pH value and the secondary stirring time, and obtaining a component A, wherein the pH value is shown in the table 2, and the secondary stirring time is shown in the table 2;
s02, weighing calcium chloride according to the proportion to obtain a component B;
and S03, before the antitranspirant is used, adding the component B into the component A, stirring and mixing for the time shown in the table 2, and filtering to obtain the antitranspirant, wherein the antitranspirant is used up within the time shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 specific components, contents and Process parameters for examples 1-3
Example 4
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from that of example 3 in that the component A further contains 6kg by weight of urea, and the urea is added in step S01 simultaneously with the terpinediene.
Example 5
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from that of example 3 in that the component A further contains 12kg by weight of urea, and the urea is added in step S01 simultaneously with the terpinediene.
Example 6
The difference between the high-efficiency antitranspirant and the embodiment 3 is that humic acid is formed by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 2:3: 1.
Example 7
The difference between the high-efficiency antitranspirant and the embodiment 3 is that humic acid is formed by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 3.
Example 8
The high-efficiency antitranspirant is different from the embodiment 3 in that humic acid is prepared by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 3:1: 4.
Example 9
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from the one in example 3 in that the solvent is ethyl acetate.
Example 10
The high-efficiency antitranspirant is prepared by the following steps:
s01, performing ultrasonic treatment on 18kg of sodium alginate in advance, wherein the ultrasonic time is 25min, the ultrasonic power is 600W, uniformly mixing 1kg of abscisic acid, 15kg of humic acid, 42kg of rosinadine and 25kg of ethyl acetate, stirring for the first time for 5min, then adding the ultrasonically treated sodium alginate, controlling the temperature condition to be 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value to be 7.5, and stirring for the second time for 5min to obtain a component A, wherein the humic acid is prepared by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 2:3: 1;
s02, weighing calcium chloride according to the proportion to obtain a component B;
and S03, before the antitranspirant is used, adding the component B into the component A, stirring and mixing for 10min, and filtering to obtain the antitranspirant, wherein the antitranspirant is used up within 1 h.
Application example
Application example 1
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: fully watering a big tree to be transplanted three days before digging, trimming the cross branches, the dead branches of plant diseases and insect pests and the bare-grown branches of the big tree, flattening the cut positions, and smearing a preservative and a callus paste;
s2, spraying an antitranspirant: preparing an antitranspirant in the mode of example 1, and spraying the antitranspirant on the crown leaves of the big tree until water drops on the leaf surfaces drop;
s3, digging and planting: digging soil balls at the roots of the big trees, smearing the cut root surfaces of more than 1cm with a preservative and a wound healing agent to promote the growth of adventitious roots, binding the soil balls, digging planting pits on the planting land processed in the step S1, loading the roots of the big trees into the planting pits, cutting binders, filling soil, watering and well performing supporting work;
s4, post management: in the high-temperature period, the leaf surfaces of the big trees are watered every day to reduce the temperature, so as to prevent the withering at high temperature.
Application example 2
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 2.
Application example 3
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 3.
Application example 4
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 4.
Application example 5
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 5.
Application example 6
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 6.
Application example 7
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 7.
Application example 8
An application method of the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 8.
Application example 9
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 9.
Application example 10
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of example 10.
Application example 11
The application method of the high-efficiency transpirant in the whole-crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in the step S1, deep ploughing and fertilization treatment are carried out on the planting land, the ploughing depth is 50cm, and the fertilization dosage is 1.5kg/m2。
Application example 12
The application method of the high-efficiency transpirant in the whole-crown transplanting of the big tree is different from the application example 1 in that in the step S1, deep ploughing and fertilization treatment are carried out on the planting land, the ploughing depth is 60cm, and the fertilization dosage is 2.5kg/m2。
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from the one in example 3 in that sodium alginate is replaced by turpentine diene.
Comparative example 2
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from that in example 3 in that calcium chloride is replaced by rosinadiene.
Comparative example 3
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from the one in example 3 in that sodium alginate and calcium chloride are replaced by turpentine diene.
Comparative example 4
An efficient antitranspirant, which is different from the example 3 in that sodium humate is replaced by turpentine diene.
Comparative application example
Comparative application example 1
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: fully watering a big tree to be transplanted three days before digging, trimming the cross branches, the dead branches of plant diseases and insect pests and the bare-grown branches of the big tree, flattening the cut positions, and smearing a preservative and a callus paste;
s2, spraying an antitranspirant: preparing an antitranspirant in a manner of a comparative example 1, and spraying the antitranspirant on the crown leaves of the big tree until water drops on the leaf surfaces drop;
s3, digging and planting: digging soil balls at the roots of the big trees, smearing the cut root surfaces of more than 1cm with a preservative and a wound healing agent to promote the growth of adventitious roots, binding the soil balls, digging planting pits on the planting land processed in the step S1, loading the roots of the big trees into the planting pits, cutting binders, filling soil, watering and well performing supporting work;
s4, post management: in the high-temperature period, the leaf surfaces of the big trees are watered every day to reduce the temperature, so as to prevent the withering at high temperature.
Comparative application example 2
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the comparative application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of comparative example 2.
Comparative application example 3
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the comparative application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of comparative example 3.
Comparative application example 4
An application method of a high-efficiency antitranspirant in whole-crown transplanting of a big tree is different from the comparative application example 1 in that in step S2, the antitranspirant is prepared in the manner of comparative example 4.
Performance test
1) Selecting 50 wheat which are completely consistent in physiological state and are in the splitting period, watering the wheat with the same amount of tap water to ensure that the tap water can only be dissipated to the outside through the transpiration of the wheat except for the vital activities of the wheat, uniformly spraying the antitranspirant prepared in the examples 1-10 or the comparative examples 1-4 on the surfaces of the leaves of the wheat, wherein each group of examples is performed simultaneously corresponding to 50 wheat samples, and the blank group is uniformly sprayed with the same volume of water on the surfaces of the wheat;
and (3) determining the transpiration rate: measuring the transpiration rates of 10 leaves of the same wheat at 12 pm every other day by using an LI1600 steady-state stomatometer, and taking the average value of the transpiration rates of 50 wheat leaves, namely the transpiration rates of the corresponding examples, comparative examples or blank groups; and (3) water saving rate measurement: the remaining water per wheat was measured after three days, the average of 50 wheat was taken, i.e. the treatment water consumption of the corresponding example and comparative example, and the water consumption of the blank group was measured simultaneously after three days, the water saving rate was calculated as follows: the water saving rate is (blank group water consumption-treatment group water consumption) multiplied by 100/blank group water consumption;
2) 50 jujube trees with completely consistent growth vigor are selected, transplanting and transpirant spraying operations are carried out respectively in the modes of application examples 1-12 and comparative application examples 1-4, each application example or comparative application example corresponds to 50 jujube trees, seedling germination and development are used as survival standards, the number of survival plants of each treated jujube tree is investigated and recorded after 60 days, and the survival rate of each application example or comparative application example is calculated.
TABLE 4 summary of test data for examples 1-3 and application examples 1-3
TABLE 5 comparison of test data for example 3, comparative examples 1 to 4, application example 3 and comparative application examples 1 to 4
According to the comparison of the detection data of the example 3, the comparative example 1, the application example 3 and the comparative application example 1 in the table 5, it can be seen that by adding sodium alginate into the anti-transpiration agent, polysaccharides with different molecular weights in the sodium alginate can permeate into plant tissues through pores to interact with proteins, so that gaps among plant fibers are increased, more water can be absorbed and retained, the transpiration rate is reduced, and the water saving rate and the survival rate of big trees are improved.
According to comparison of the detection data of example 3, comparative example 2, application example 3 and comparative application example 2 in table 5, it can be seen that by adding calcium chloride to the transpiration inhibitor, the calcium chloride can permeate into the plant tissue through the pores on the leaf surface, thereby inhibiting the opening of the pores, reducing the transpiration rate of the pores, and improving the water saving rate.
According to the comparison of the detection data of the example 3, the comparative examples 1 to 3, the application example 3 and the comparative application examples 1 to 3 in the table 5, it can be seen that by adding sodium alginate and calcium chloride to the anti-transpiration agent, part of the sodium alginate and the calcium chloride can react with each other to generate a calcium alginate gel film on the surface of the leaf, and the calcium alginate gel film cooperates with the turpentine diene to enhance the cohesion of the molecular film, improve the film forming effect of the anti-transpiration agent on the surface of the leaf, prevent the transpiration of water on the pores of the leaf, reduce the transpiration rate, and improve the water saving rate and the survival rate of the big trees.
According to the detection and data comparison of example 3, comparative example 4, application rate 3 and comparative application example 4 in table 5, it can be seen that by adding sodium humate as a growth hormone to the anti-transpiration agent, pores can be reduced, the transpiration rate can be reduced, and the water-saving rate can be improved.
TABLE 6-detection and data summarization for examples 3-5 and application examples 3-5
According to comparison of detection data of examples 3-5 and application examples 3-5 in table 6, the addition of urea into the transpiration resistant agent can rapidly generate fertilizer effect for the big trees, increase accumulation of nutrient substances, promote metabolic growth of the big trees and improve survival rate.
TABLE 7 summary of test data for examples 3, 6-8 and application examples 3, 6-8
According to comparison of detection data of examples 3 and 6-8 and application examples 3 and 6-8 in Table 7, the total amount of humic acid can be improved and the transpiration rate can be reduced by controlling the weight ratio of ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate to be 2:3:1 and combining the three components.
TABLE 8 summary of test data for examples 3, 9-10 and application examples 3, 9-10
As can be seen from comparison of the detection data of examples 3 and 9 and application examples 3 and 9 in table 8, by adding ethyl acetate as a solvent to the anti-transpiration agent, the spreading effect of the anti-transpiration agent on the surface of the blade is improved, the adhesion between the anti-transpiration agent and the blade is increased, the anti-transpiration agent is prevented from falling off, the film forming effect of the anti-transpiration agent on the surface of the blade is improved, and the transpiration rate is reduced.
According to the comparison of the detection data of the application examples 3 and 11-12 in the table 8, the oxygen content and the nutrient substances in the soil can be increased by ploughing and fertilizing the soil to be planted, so that the oxygen required by the respiration of the root of the big tree in the soil after transplanting is provided, the growth of the root is promoted, and the survival rate of the big tree is improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient antitranspirant is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
abscisic acid: 0.5 to 1.2 portions;
sodium alginate: 15-18 parts;
humic acid: 13-16 parts;
rosin diene: 35-46 parts;
solvent: 25-35 parts;
the component B is 3-5 parts of calcium chloride.
2. A highly effective antitranspirant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the A component raw material of the antitranspirant also comprises 6-12 parts by weight of urea.
3. A highly effective antitranspirant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the humic acid is prepared by mixing ammonium humate, sodium humate and potassium humate according to the weight ratio of 2:3: 1.
4. A highly effective antitranspirant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solvent is ethyl acetate.
5. A high efficiency anti-transpirant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the anti-transpirant comprises the following steps:
s01, uniformly mixing the abscisic acid, the humic acid, the rosinadiene and the solvent according to the proportion, stirring for 5-10 min, then adding the sodium alginate, controlling the temperature to be 35-45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to be 7.2-7.5, and stirring and mixing for 5-10 min to obtain a component A;
s02, weighing calcium chloride according to the proportion to obtain a component B;
and S03, before the antitranspirant is used, adding the component B into the component A, stirring and mixing for 10-15 min, and filtering to obtain the antitranspirant, wherein the antitranspirant is used up within 0.5-1 h.
6. A high-efficiency antitranspirant according to claim 5, wherein in step S01, 6-12 parts of urea is added to the component B, and the urea is mixed with abscisic acid, humic acid, rosinadiene and solvent.
7. A highly effective antitranspirant as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the step S01, the sodium alginate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in advance before being added, the ultrasonic time is 20min-30min, and the ultrasonic power is 400W-600W.
8. A method for applying the high-efficiency antitranspirant in the whole-crown transplanting of a big tree, which is based on the high-efficiency antitranspirant of any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: fully watering a big tree to be transplanted three days before digging, trimming the cross branches, the dead branches of plant diseases and insect pests and the bare-grown branches of the big tree, flattening the cut positions, and smearing a preservative and a callus paste;
s2, spraying an antitranspirant: preparing an antitranspirant, and spraying the antitranspirant on the crown leaves of the big tree until water drops on the leaf surfaces drop;
s3, digging and planting: digging soil balls at the roots of the big trees, smearing the cut root surfaces of more than 1cm with a preservative and a wound healing agent to promote the growth of adventitious roots, binding the soil balls, digging planting pits on the planting land processed in the step S1, loading the roots of the big trees into the planting pits, cutting binders, filling soil, watering and well performing supporting work;
s4, post management: in the high-temperature period, the leaf surfaces of the big trees are watered every day to reduce the temperature, so as to prevent the withering at high temperature.
9. The method for applying an antitranspirant to the whole-crown transplant of a big tree according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S1, deep ploughing and fertilizing the planting land, wherein the ploughing depth is 50-60 cm, and the fertilizing amount is 1.5kg/m2-2.5kg/m2。
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