CN112056145A

CN112056145A - Cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma

Info

Publication number: CN112056145A
Application number: CN202011121421.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨国勤
Original assignee: Yulin Yikang Bacterium Industry Plantation Co ltd
Current assignee: Yulin Yikang Bacterium Industry Plantation Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2020-12-11

Abstract

A method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by enriching nutrients comprises the steps of taking maple, milk wood, schefflera arboricola, pistacia chinensis, cornus chinensis, tung oil wood, paris polyphylla, lychee, longan, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime as culture media, leaching the nutrients of the milk wood, the pistacia chinensis, the vertebroba chinensis and the schefflera arboricola, mixing other culture media with a nutrient leaching solution, uniformly stirring, fermenting culture materials, bagging, sterilizing, inoculating lucid ganoderma strains and finally cultivating lucid ganoderma sporocarp. By implementing the method, the milk wood, the balsamiferous wood, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola wood in the components of the culture medium are rich in triterpenes, amino acids, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and various nutrient elements, and are very beneficial to the ganoderma to generate active ingredients such as ganoderma polysaccharides, triterpenes, alkaloids and the like in the biotransformation process of the ganoderma. The other woods are hard in texture, and the substrate conversion and consumption processes are slow, so that the biotransformation rate is greatly improved; importantly, the wood raw materials have rich resources, easy organization and extremely low application cost.

Description

Cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma.

Background

Ganoderma is named as Sanxiu, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum. Is dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum (Leys. ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang of Polyporaceae. Ganoderma contains polysaccharide, nucleoside, furan, sterol, alkaloid, triterpene, oil, amino acids, proteins, enzymes, organic germanium, and trace elements. Wherein the ganoderan has the effects of regulating immunity, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood lipid, resisting oxidation, resisting aging and resisting tumor; the triterpenes can purify blood and protect liver function; the Ganoderma preparation has tranquilizing, anticonvulsive, heart tonifying, arrhythmia relieving, blood pressure lowering, cough relieving, and asthma relieving effects; in addition, Ganoderma has anticoagulant, platelet aggregation inhibiting and antiallergic effects.

According to the clinical effect, the lucid ganoderma has the effects of tonifying qi, soothing the nerves, and relieving cough and asthma. It can be used for treating restlessness of heart-mind, insomnia, palpitation due to fright, cough, asthma, excessive phlegm, and asthenia.

Ganoderma lucidum is a saprophytic bacterium, and is also called facultative parasitic bacterium because it can be parasitic on living trees. The growth temperature is 3-40 deg.C, preferably 26-28 deg.C. The growth is good under the conditions that the moisture content of the substrate is close to 200%, the relative humidity of air is 90%, and the pH value is 5-6. Ganoderma lucidum is aerobic fungus, and sufficient oxygen and scattered light should be used for culturing fruiting body. Wherein Ganoderma lucidum is grown on rhizosphere or withered stump of plants of Pinus of Fagaceae and Pinaceae in the sun; ganoderma sinensis grows on broad-leaved trees or stumps of Pinus of Pinaceae, causing white decay of wood.

Currently, the artificial cultivation technology of ganoderma lucidum is mature day by day. The artificial cultivation method can adopt bottle (bag) cultivation or log cultivation. Among them, bottle cultivation and bag cultivation are common, and plastic bag cultivation can be used; the culture medium contains broad-leaved tree sawdust, bran, cotton seed coat, etc. And selecting hard branches for the cut-log cultivation, such as: cutting off fallen leaves in autumn and winter, cutting into sections, drying in the sun, inoculating in 5 months later, perforating on the section when the water content is 40% -45%, adding small amount of wood chip strain, driving into fungus branch, such as pure wood chip strain, covering, and sealing with wax. After inoculation, the seeds are coded into a shape like a Chinese character 'jing', the height of the seeds is 1m, the seeds are covered by a plastic film, the seeds are grown under the condition of keeping the temperature of 25-28 ℃, the seeds are turned over and piled to grow uniformly, after 20-30 days, the seeds are laid on the ground, covered by wet sand soil, kept in humidity, covered by the plastic film, and a shady shed is built, watered and moisturized frequently, overwintering and thickening the seeds, the bacteria staining sticks are taken out before and after the next clearing, cut into 15-20cm long sections, vertically embedded into sandy acid loam, exposed to the ground for 3-4cm at the depth of 2/3-3/4 of the full length of the seeds, measures such as shading and water spraying are taken to keep the relative humidity of the air of the sesame field to be about 90%, and the seeds can be harvested.

Through long-term experimental exploration, the generation of nutrient components contained in the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body has a great relationship with a carrier for cultivating the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body besides the growth environment. Therefore, the selection of culture medium is especially important for cultivating high-quality ganoderma lucidum products.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a brand-new cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that maple, milk wood, schefflera arboricola, pistacia chinensis, vertebra wood, tung oil wood, paris polyphylla, lychee tree, longan tree, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime are used as culture mediums, nutrients of the milk wood, the pistacia chinensis, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola are firstly leached out, other culture mediums are mixed with nutrient leaching liquid and stirred uniformly, then culture mediums are fermented, bagged, sterilized, inoculated with ganoderma lucidum strains, and finally, ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies are cultured.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

1. a cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma adopts the technical scheme that: the method is characterized in that maple, milk wood, schefflera arboricola, pistacia chinensis, vertebra wood, tung oil wood, paris polyphylla, lychee tree, longan tree, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime are used as culture mediums, nutrients of the milk wood, the pistacia chinensis, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola are firstly leached out, other culture mediums are mixed with nutrient leaching liquid and stirred uniformly, then culture mediums are fermented, bagged, sterilized, inoculated with ganoderma lucidum strains, and finally, ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies are cultured.

2. A cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma adopts the technical scheme that the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of maple, 3-8 parts of shea butter, 3-8 parts of tung oil wood, 3-8 parts of white dao, 8-12 parts of lychee tree, 8-12 parts of longan tree, 1-5 parts of schefflera arboricola, 1-5 parts of balsamiferous wood, 1-5 parts of vertebral wood, 1-5 parts of tung wood, 13-18 parts of wheat bran, 13-18 parts of cottonseed hull and 1-2 parts of lime.

3. A cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma adopts the technical scheme that lucid ganoderma strains commonly used in the field are collected as a fungus source.

4. A cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma adopts the technical scheme that the lucid ganoderma cultivation method comprises the following steps:

(1) raw material treatment: drying maple, ramulus et folium Picrasmae, lignum Aquilariae Resinatum, lignum Arachidis Hypogaeae, Dastarjasmine, tung oil wood, Paris, fructus litchi, arillus longan, and tung wood respectively, and pulverizing to 20-30 mesh;

(2) leaching nutrients: placing the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood powder into clear water with the weight 1000 times of the self weight of the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood, soaking for 10-20 days, and then taking out the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk;

(3) mixing raw materials: mixing maple, schefflera octophylla, pistacia chinensis, zakhia, shea butter, paris, lychee, longan, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime, stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed material, mixing the nutrient leaching solution into the mixed material to keep the water content of the mixed material at 55-60%, and then piling up the mixed material for fermentation for 8-12 days;

(4) bagging and sterilizing: subpackaging the mixed materials into cultivation bags, and then sterilizing the cultivation bags according to a conventional method;

(5) inoculation: inoculating Ganoderma strain into the cultivation bag under sterile environment, and culturing according to conventional method until the mycelium is completely eaten to obtain Ganoderma bag;

(6) and (3) fruiting of ganoderma: and (4) transferring the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags into a culture room, and then culturing according to a conventional method until ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies grow on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags.

The milk tree is also called Ficus hirta, radix seu folium Cayratiae Oligocarpae, herba Crotalariae sessiliflorae, and plant of Ficus of Moraceae. Radix fici simplicissimae is a commonly used herb in Lingnan, and is called Wuzhuanglong in Guangdong from Guangzhou plant records, also named Wuzhuang Mao peach, Wuzhuang milk, radix astragali, etc. The plant shape, shrub or arbour, the whole stem, pericarp and leaves contain emulsion, and the root and bark have fragrance. The components are as follows: contains organic acid, amino acid, triterpene, alkaloid, and coumarin. Recorded in the Chinese pharmacopoeia, the hispid fig has pungent and sweet taste, mild nature and mild temperature, and the function: has effects of invigorating qi, tonifying deficiency, activating qi-flowing, resolving stagnation, strengthening tendons, activating collaterals, invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness, relieving cough, and eliminating phlegm. In recent years, the hispid fig, a precious plant resource, draws high attention of pharmaceutical workers, researches on chemical components, pharmacological activity and other aspects are deepened, and the psoralen is proved to be one of the main active components of the hispid fig and has the effects of resisting bacteria, viruses, blood coagulation, inhibiting tumors, regulating immunity and the like.

Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum (Latin scientific name: Pistacia weinmannifolia J. Poisson ex Franch., alias: lignum Aquilariae Resinatum), Anacardiaceae family Pistacia genus plant. 29 compounds are separated and identified from the fragrant wood leaf volatile oil, and account for 99.54 percent of the total mass of the volatile oil. Active substances in the fragrant wood leaf volatile oil have strong inhibitory activity on escherichia coli (E.coli), staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and rhodotorula (R.glutalis); has obvious inhibiting effect on human non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) cell nucleus in vitro, the inhibiting effect is in positive correlation with the concentration, and when the mass concentration reaches 0.1 g/L, the inhibiting rate reaches 92.56%. Fragrant, pungent and non-toxic. Eliminating evil and evil, warming middle energizer to promote diaphragmatic function, regulating qi to alleviate pain, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, strengthening teeth, eliminating halitosis, tranquilizing mind, and centering. The whole plant is used as a medicine, and has the effects of diminishing inflammation, detoxifying, astringing and stopping diarrhea.

The vertebral tree is a Castanopsis mollissima (Castanopsis Fagaceae) belonging to the Fagaceae plant genus, generally named as: the Chinese medicinal materials include water cone, awl, castanopsis chinensis and castanopsis sclerophylla, and contain rich 5 kinds of nutritive elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg). The Shuixiao is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines in our country, the medicinal history of the Shuixiao is very long, the record of the Shuixiao is recorded in a plurality of long-term medical books, and the Shuixiao has good edible value and medicinal property, has the functions of clearing heat and benefiting gallbladder, diminishing inflammation and detoxifying, and is mainly used for treating acute and chronic hepatitis.

The said Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Harms, Araliaceae Schefflera plant. The chemical components of the bark of schefflera octophylla are mainly triterpenes and saponins thereof, and besides long-chain compounds, steroids and antler thereof, sesquiterpenes, organic acids, benzyl glycosides, monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, lignans, ketones, diterpenes and the like. The stem bark contains phenols, amino acids, organic acids, oleanolic acid, and 3-hydroxy lupin-20 (29) -ene-23.28-diacid. Root bark, root and leaf are used as raw materials.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the culture medium provided by the invention has the advantages of novel conception, science and reasonability, and the cultivation method has simple process and is easy to implement.

2. By implementing the method, the milk wood, the balsamiferous wood, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola wood in the components of the culture medium are rich in triterpenes, amino acids, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and various nutrient elements, and are very beneficial to the ganoderma to generate active ingredients such as ganoderma polysaccharides, triterpenes, alkaloids and the like in the biotransformation process of the ganoderma.

3. By implementing the method, firstly, nutrients of the milk wood, the scented wood, the vertebra wood and the schefflera octophylla are leached out, then, other culture mediums are mixed with the nutrient leaching solution and stirred uniformly, and then, the culture material is fermented; therefore, nutrients of the milk wood, the scented wood, the vertebra wood and the picea japonica can be fully released and uniformly distributed, and the culture medium is more favorable for hypha eating and conversion after fermentation.

4. By implementing the method, the maple, the tung oil tree, the white dawn tree, the litchi tree, the longan tree and the tung tree are used as the substrates, the tree varieties are rich in nutrition, the wood texture is hard, and the substrate conversion and consumption processes are slow, so that the biological conversion rate is greatly improved; importantly, the wood raw materials have rich resources, easy organization and extremely low application cost.

5. By implementing the method, the current situation that deep-processed products of the woods such as litchi trees, longan trees and the like are rare or have low application value in the current market is changed, the problem of the postpartum production of the woods is solved, the development of related industries of the woods is driven, a new economic growth point is formed, and the method has great economic benefit and social benefit.

6. By implementing the method, the cultured ganoderma lucidum product has very low cost, but is rich in active ingredients such as ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, alkaloids and the like, and has very high nutritional value and obvious health care effect. Therefore, the invention not only has good market prospect, but also has significant economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.

A cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma adopts the technical scheme that: the method is characterized in that maple, milk wood, schefflera arboricola, pistacia chinensis, vertebra wood, tung oil wood, paris polyphylla, lychee tree, longan tree, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime are used as culture mediums, nutrients of the milk wood, the pistacia chinensis, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola are firstly leached out, other culture mediums are mixed with nutrient leaching liquid and stirred uniformly, then culture mediums are fermented, bagged, sterilized, inoculated with ganoderma lucidum strains, and finally, ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies are cultured.

The first embodiment is as follows:

1. the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12 parts of maple, 5 parts of shea butter, 5 parts of paris, 10 parts of litchi, 10 parts of longan, 3 parts of schefflera octophylla, 3 parts of pistacia chinensis, 3 parts of tung wood, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of cottonseed hull and 1 part of lime.

2. Collecting Ganoderma lucidum strain as bacteria source.

3. The method for cultivating the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps:

(2) leaching nutrients: placing the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood powder into clear water with the weight 1000 times of the self weight of the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood, soaking for 20 days, and then taking out the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk;

(3) mixing raw materials: mixing maple, schefflera octophylla, pistacia chinensis, zakhia, shea butter, paris, lychee, longan, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime, stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed material, mixing the nutrient leaching solution into the mixed material to keep the water content of the mixed material at 55-60%, and then stacking the mixed material for fermentation for 8-10 days;

(5) inoculation: inoculating red ganoderma strain into a cultivation bag in an aseptic environment, and culturing according to a conventional method until the hypha completely eats the material to obtain a ganoderma bag;

(6) and (3) fruiting of ganoderma: transferring the fruiting fungus bag into a culture room, and culturing according to conventional method until fruiting body of Ganoderma grows out.

The second embodiment is as follows:

2. Collecting Ganoderma lucidum strain as bacteria source.

(2) leaching nutrients: placing the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood powder into clear water with the weight 1000 times of the self weight of the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood, soaking for 10 days, and then taking out the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk;

(5) inoculation: inoculating Ganoderma sinensis strain into the cultivation bag in sterile environment, and culturing according to conventional method until the mycelium is completely eaten to obtain Ganoderma bag;

(6) and (3) fruiting of ganoderma: transferring the fruiting fungus bag into a culture room, and culturing according to conventional method until fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum grows out from the fruiting fungus bag.

The third concrete embodiment:

2. Collecting the strain of the red ganoderma as a bacterial source.

(2) leaching nutrients: placing the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood powder into clear water with the weight 1000 times of the self weight of the crushed pieces of the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk wood, soaking for 15 days, and then taking out the schefflera octophylla, the fresh pistacia chinensis, the zakhstan and the milk;

(5) inoculation: inoculating the strain of the red-rooted ganoderma into a cultivation bag in an aseptic environment, and culturing according to a conventional method until the hypha completely eats the material to obtain a ganoderma bag;

(6) and (3) fruiting of ganoderma: transferring the fruiting fungus bag into a culture room, and culturing according to conventional method until fruiting body of Ganoderma is grown.

As described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other various modifications can be made based on the technical solution and the technical idea of the present invention, and all such modifications shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for enriching nutrients of lucid ganoderma is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is characterized in that maple, milk wood, schefflera arboricola, pistacia chinensis, vertebra wood, tung oil wood, paris polyphylla, lychee tree, longan tree, tung wood, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls and lime are used as culture mediums, nutrients of the milk wood, the pistacia chinensis, the vertebra wood and the schefflera arboricola are firstly leached out, other culture mediums are mixed with nutrient leaching liquid and stirred uniformly, then culture mediums are fermented, bagged, sterilized, inoculated with ganoderma lucidum strains, and finally, ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies are cultured.

2. The cultivation method for enriching nutrients of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of maple, 3-8 parts of shea butter, 3-8 parts of tung oil wood, 3-8 parts of white dao, 8-12 parts of lychee tree, 8-12 parts of longan tree, 1-5 parts of schefflera arboricola, 1-5 parts of balsamiferous wood, 1-5 parts of vertebral wood, 1-5 parts of tung wood, 13-18 parts of wheat bran, 13-18 parts of cottonseed hull and 1-2 parts of lime.

3. The method for cultivating ganoderma lucidum with enriched nutrients as claimed in claim 1, wherein ganoderma lucidum strains commonly used in the field are collected as the fungus source.

4. The cultivation method for enriching nutrients of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is as follows: