CN110476706A - Improve the cultural method of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content - Google Patents
Improve the cultural method of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content Download PDFInfo
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- CN110476706A CN110476706A CN201910936455.7A CN201910936455A CN110476706A CN 110476706 A CN110476706 A CN 110476706A CN 201910936455 A CN201910936455 A CN 201910936455A CN 110476706 A CN110476706 A CN 110476706A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention belongs to medicinal fungi artificial cultivation technique fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content, including lucid ganoderma stock culture, ganoderma lucidum original seed, cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind are obtained respectively；The cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is subjected to substituting stuff cultivation, obtains ganoderma lucidum；Wherein Cultivar culture medium includes corn stover, sawdust, pig manure, cow dung, rapeseed dregs, humic acid, Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, gypsum；The culture medium of the substituting stuff cultivation is identical as Cultivar culture medium.The present invention is remarkably improved ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore powder yield, and also significantly improves the content of the effective components such as ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid.
Description
The application is to applying date 2016.10.14 day, application number 201610900215.8, and denomination of invention be " a kind of ganoderma lucidum
The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of cultural method ".
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal fungi artificial cultivation technique fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum.
Background technique
Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma Lucidum Karst) is the fructification of On Polyporaceae ganoderma lucidum.With invigorating qi for tranquilization,
Relieving cough and asthma, the effect of promoting longevity.For dizziness egersis, shortness of breath and palpitation, neurasthenia, consumptive disease cough and asthma.Ganoderma lucidum is China doctor
One of treasure-house rare Chinese medicine is learned, is to integrate health care and medicinal as the edible mushroom of the whole body.Shennong's Herbal, " The Master of Preserving Simplicity ", " this
Careless detailed outline " etc. ancient books it is all on the books to its efficacy effect etc..Modern medicine study proves, polysaccharide, triterpenes in ganoderma lucidum,
Sterols isoreactivity ingredient, to human body have it is antitumor, adjust function that is immune, adjusting nervous system, adjust the circulatory system etc..It passes
The fructification (or sclerotium) of the field acquisition of system or artificial cultivation production receives that wild resource is rare, the fructification cultivation production cycle
The conditions such as long (the 4-5 month), production climate control the factors such as low with bioactive substance content and restrict, to a large amount of of ganoderma lucidum
Production causes obstruction.
In order to which effective exploitation utilizes the medicinal fungi, the present invention provides a kind of artificial cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, this method have mycelial growth rate it is fast, fructification and
The advantages such as spore powder yield height.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, comprising the following steps:
1) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to mother culture media, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture；
The mother culture media includes following component: potato 200-300g/L, glucose 20-30g/L, beef extract 3-
5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium culture, obtains ganoderma lucidum original seed；
The pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of corncob, wheat bran 10-15
Part, 1-3 parts of brown sugar, 1-3 parts of land plaster, KNO30.05-0.5 parts；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；
3) ganoderma lucidum original seed is seeded in Cultivar culture medium and is cultivated, obtain cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind；
The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 50-80 parts of corn stover, 30-50 parts of sawdust, pig manure
10-25 parts, cow dung 10-25,5-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-10 parts of humic acid, halimasch (Armillaria mellea (Vahl.ex
Fr.) Quel.) 1-10 parts of fermentation liquid, 1-10 parts, 1-3 parts of gypsum of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) fermentation liquid；
Living bacteria count is 1.0-5.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL is effectively living in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
Bacterium number is 1.0-1.5 × 1010/mL；The preparation method of the Cultivar culture medium is the following steps are included: according to the ratio mix each raw material
It closes, adds water to water content 50-70%, ferment to decomposed；Moisture content is adjusted to 55-60%, sterilizing；
4) the cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is subjected to substituting stuff cultivation, obtains ganoderma lucidum；The culture medium and cultivar of the substituting stuff cultivation
Culture medium is identical.
The acquisition ganoderma lucidum includes harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, or further includes harvest lucidum spore powder.
Preferably, the mother culture media includes following component: potato 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, beef extract 3g/
L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
Preferably, the Mother culture condition include: at 22-26 DEG C constant temperature be protected from light culture；General culture 5-7 days
Mycelia covers with medium slant.
Preferably, the pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, wheat bran 15
Part, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of land plaster, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
Preferably, the Primary spawn condition include: in the case where temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is 55-65% constant temperature be protected from light training
Support general culture 35-40 days.
Preferably, the Cultivar culture medium or for material culture medium, the raw material including following parts by weight: corn stover 65
Part, 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of pig manure, cow dung 20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis
5 parts of fermentation liquid, 1 part of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL, the withered grass gemma
Living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 10 in bacillus fermentation liquid10/mL。
Preferably, the cultivar condition of culture includes: the constant temperature training in the case where temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is 55-65%
It supports, general culture 35-50 days；Culture is protected from light in 10 days early periods, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux)；Favorably
In mycelia fast-growth.
Mother culture media of the present invention, pedigree seed culture medium can be made by conventional method in that art.
The substituting stuff cultivation mushroom producing culture time is generally 30-50d.
Preferably, it is 28-30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-75% that the substituting stuff cultivation condition, which includes: cultivation temperature,
Culture is protected from light in 10 days early periods, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux)；Be conducive to mycelia fast-growth.
The present invention also provides a kind of mother culture medias of cultivating ganoderma, including following component: potato 200-300g/L, Portugal
Grape sugar 20-30g/L, beef extract 3-5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；Preferably, the mother culture media
Including following component: potato 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of pedigree seed culture medium of cultivating ganoderma, the ingredient including following parts by weight: sawdust 60-80
Part, 5-10 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of brown sugar, 1-3 parts of land plaster, KNO30.05-0.5 parts；The original seed training
Supporting base water content is 55-60%；Preferably, the pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, corncob
6 parts, 15 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of land plaster, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
The present invention also provides a kind of Cultivar culture medium of cultivating ganoderma or for material culture medium, the original including following parts by weight
Material: 50-80 parts of corn stover, 30-50 parts of sawdust, 10-25 parts of pig manure, cow dung 10-25,5-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, humic acid 5-10
Part, halimasch (Armillaria mellea (Vahl.ex Fr.) Quel.) 1-10 parts of fermentation liquid, bacillus subtilis
1-10 parts, 1-3 parts of gypsum of (Bacillus subtilis) fermentation liquid；Living bacteria count is 1.0- in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution
5.0×106/ mL, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 10 in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor10/mL；The cultivar training
The preparation method of base is supported the following steps are included: according to the ratio mixing each raw material, adds water to water content 50-70%, is fermented to decomposed；
Moisture content is adjusted to 55-60%, sterilizing.
Preferably, the Cultivar culture medium or for material culture medium, the raw material including following parts by weight: corn stover 65
Part, 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of pig manure, cow dung 20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis
5 parts of fermentation liquid, 2 parts of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL, the withered grass gemma
Living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 10 in bacillus fermentation liquid10/mL。
The corn stover preferably crushes or is cut to 1-3cm segment below.
The humic acid is commercially available to be bought, such as purchased from Shandong Creation Hhumic Acid Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
The bacillus subtilis is preferably CGMCC 1.3358.
Halimasch of the present invention, bacillus subtilis can be by commercially available, such as purchased from Chinese common micro- life
Object Culture Collection Center.
Cultivar culture medium needs thoroughly inactivation bacillus subtilis for sterilizing described in the preparation method for expecting culture medium
And its various microorganisms such as gemma, this field conventional sterilization procedures can be used.
Conventional method in that art can be used in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution preparation, such as preparation method includes taking halimasch female
Kind, it is inoculated in culture solution, shaking table culture 5-10d filters halimasch bacterium ball with gauze to get Armillaria mellea fermented solution；Ice can be placed in
It is saved in case.The preferred 140-160rpm shaken cultivation of shaking table culture revolving speed, preferred 22-26 DEG C of cultivation temperature；General 250mL
The bottled Culture liquid measure 125-150mL of triangle, the bottled Culture liquid measure 250-300mL of 500mL triangle.
Conventional method in that art can be used in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor preparation, for example including following steps:
1) inclined-plane culture: the original strain of bacillus subtilis is aseptically inoculated on slant medium, In
36-48h is cultivated under the conditions of 29 ± 1 DEG C；The formula of slant medium is as follows: glucose 15g, peptone 5g, yeast extract 5g, water
1000mL, agar 15g；
2) shaking table culture: the strain that step 1) culture obtains is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium, is in pH 6.5-7.0, temperature
Under the conditions of 30 ± 2 DEG C, 140-160r/min shaking table culture 36-48h；Liquid Culture based formulas is as follows: corn flour 13g, glucose
5g, beancake powder 20g, fish meal 5g, CaCO32g, (NH4)2SO41g, K2HPO40.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g, MnSO4·
H2O0.2g, water 1000ml；
3) fermentation tank culture: the strain that step 2) culture obtains is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, in pH 7.5-8.0, tank
Pressing 0.5kg, temperature is 30 ± 2 DEG C, under the conditions of ventilation quantity 1:0.8-1.1, until bacterium number is greater than 1.0-1.2 × 1010/ mL tank at present,
Up to bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor；Fermentation tank culture based formulas is as follows: corn flour 5kg, beancake powder 2.5kg, ammonium sulfate
0.5kg, glucose 1.5kg, yeast powder 0.5kg, peptone 0.25kg, 100kg is added water to；It is generally incubated 48-56h.
Specifically, Cultivar culture medium or for material culture medium preparation method described in fermentation to it is decomposed include: fermentation heap
First time turning when interior temperature reaches 50 DEG C, turning daily 1-2 times later, and amount of water is supplemented, it is reduced to fermentation heap temperature
30% or less end fermentation is down to 35 DEG C or less, moisture content.
Ganoderma lucidum of the present invention is preferably ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.) Karst；Purple sesame
Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang；Ganoderma capuse Ganoderma capense (L
loyd)D.A.Reid。
Lucidum strain of the present invention is commercially available to be bought, can also be isolated from Wild ganoderma fructification.
Present invention optimizes mother culture media, pedigree seed culture medium and Cultivar culture mediums, make Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum faster, more
Be conducive to later period formation fructification.Particularly, Cultivar culture medium of the present invention is remarkably improved ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder produces
Amount, and also significantly improve the content of the effective components such as ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid.The present invention for the first time answers halimasch
It uses in the fermentation of cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind culture medium compost, obtained Cultivar culture medium (also being used as generation material culture medium) has suppression
Bacterium function, significantly reduces bacterial contamination rate, improves ganoderma lucidum quality, increases economic benefit.In addition, the present invention for the first time will be beautiful
Rice stalk is used as in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, solves the utilization problem of agricultural crop straw, has widened culture medium raw material source, reduced life
Produce cost.The organic waste materials that agriculture and forestry product can be comprehensively utilized using substituting stuff cultivation are suitble to promote in non-forest land area or less-forested areas
It uses, and good economic benefit can be reached with reasonable arrangement place.The method of the present invention is simple and easy to do, and investment is small, quick,
It is easy to spread；The method of the present invention mycelial growth rate is fast, and the average daily speed of growth of mycelia is up to 18-20mm/d, fructification biology
For efficiency up to 9%-15%, fruiting body yield is high, high-quality.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..It is not specified in embodiment specific
Technology or conditions person, described technology or conditions according to the literature in the art, or carried out according to product description.It is used
Production firm person is not specified in reagent or instrument, is the conventional products that can be commercially available by regular distributor.
Strain of the present invention can be by commercially available.Bacillus subtilis as described below is CGMCC 1.3358.Below
The corn stover is crushed or is cut to 1-3cm segment below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, comprising the following steps:
1) ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.) Karst parent species are seeded to mother culture media in 22-26
It supports within constant temperature incubation 5-7 days at DEG C, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture.The mother culture media includes following component: potato 250g/L, grape
Sugared 25g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium at 20-22 DEG C of temperature, humidity 55-65% to cultivate, obtains ganoderma lucidum
Original seed.The pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, 15 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of brown sugar,
1 part of land plaster, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；500mL original seed is made in pedigree seed culture medium
Bottle.The preparation method of the pedigree seed culture medium includes taking each raw material according to the ratio, and moisture content is adjusted after mixing, is sterilized.
The Mother culture, Primary spawn condition are protected from light culture in darkroom.
3) ganoderma lucidum original seed is seeded in the Cultivar culture medium in cultivating bag and is cultivated, obtain cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind.The cultivation
It cultivates condition of culture and is included in that temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is constant temperature incubation under 55-65%, general culture 35-50 days；Early period
Culture is protected from light in 10 days, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux).
The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 65 parts of corn stover, 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of pig manure,
Cow dung 20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of gypsum；Institute
Stating living bacteria count in Armillaria mellea fermented solution is 1.0-3.0 × 106/ mL, effective viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
Number is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL.The Armillaria mellea fermented solution preparation method includes taking halimasch parent species, is inoculated in culture solution, shakes
Bed 140rpm cultivates 7-8d, 22-26 DEG C of cultivation temperature, filters halimasch bacterium ball with gauze to get Armillaria mellea fermented solution.
The preparation method of the Cultivar culture medium adds water to aqueous the following steps are included: according to the ratio mix each raw material
50-70%, first time turning when temperature reaches 50 DEG C in fermentation heap, later turning daily 1-2 times are measured, and supplements amount of water,
To fermentation heap temperature be reduced to 35 DEG C or less, moisture content be down to 30% or less and show fermentation maturity, terminate fermentation；Adjust moisture
Content is to 55-60%, and thoroughly sterilize (i.e. the thoroughly inactivation various microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis and its gemma).
4) the cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is subjected to substituting stuff cultivation mushroom producing culture, obtains ganoderma lucidum.The generation material culture medium and cultivation
Kind culture medium is identical.The substituting stuff cultivation condition includes: that cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-75%, preceding
Culture is protected from light in 10 days phases, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x (lux).
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to fructification
Maturation generally needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can adopt for the year
Receive ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 90-125kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 25%-33%.(fructification and spore powder yield with
Dry weight meter, similarly hereinafter.)
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: the mother culture media includes following component:
Potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 4g/L, agar powder 15g/L；The pedigree seed culture medium includes
The ingredient of following parts by weight: 60 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of corncob, 10 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of brown sugar, 1 part of land plaster, KNO30.05 part；Institute
Stating pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: corn stover 50
Part, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of pig manure, cow dung 10,5 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5 parts of humic acid, 1 part of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis
1 part of fermentation liquid, 1 part of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-2.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL, the withered grass gemma
Living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 10 in bacillus fermentation liquid10/mL。
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to fructification
Maturation generally needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can adopt for the year
Receive ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 90-115kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 44%-52%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: the ganoderma lucidum is purple sesame Ganoderma
sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang.Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia
Up to 18-20mm/d.It is mature from former base to fructification generally to need 30-45d, it can harvest within 1.5-2 months after general culture；With
The dry generation material dry weight meter of 1000kg, can harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 90-115kg for the year.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: the mother culture media includes following component:
Potato 300g/L, glucose 30g/L, beef extract 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, agar powder 20g/L；The pedigree seed culture medium packet
Include the ingredient of following parts by weight: 80 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of corncob, 15 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of brown sugar, 3 parts of land plaster, KNO30.3 part；
The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: corn stover 80
Part, 50 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of pig manure, cow dung 25,25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 10 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, bacillus subtilis
10 parts of fermented liquid, 3 parts of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-2.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL, the withered grass bud
Living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 10 in spore bacillus fermentation liquid10/mL。
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are up to 18-20mm/d.From former base to fructification
Maturation generally needs 30-45d, can harvest within 1.5-2 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can adopt for the year
Receive ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 90-120kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 38%-45%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: the ganoderma lucidum is Ganoderma capuse Ganoderma
capense(L loyd)D.A.Reid.Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia are up to 18-20mm/
d.It is mature from former base to fructification generally to need 30-45d, it can harvest within 1.5-2 months after general culture；It is dry with the dry generation material of 1000kg
Restatement can harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 90-120kg for the year.
Comparative example 1
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: mother culture media uses PDA culture medium, including
Following component: potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:
80 parts of hardwood sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of land plaster, after mixing evenly plus water, final moisture content in medium are
55-60%；The Mother culture, Primary spawn are that 22 DEG C of -25 DEG C of constant temperature darkrooms are protected from light culture；The Cultivar culture medium with
Substituting stuff cultivation culture medium is identical, the ingredient including following parts by weight: 73 parts of weed tree sawdust, 25 parts of wheat bran, and 1 part of soybean powder, land plaster 1
Part.The substituting stuff cultivation condition includes: that cultivation temperature is 25-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-95%, preceding 20d intensity of illumination
The lux 1000-1500, later period intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.From former base to fructification at
It is ripe generally to need 40-50d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can harvest for the year
Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 45-55kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 13%-15%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty
The high 5-13% of dye rate.
Comparative example 2
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: mother culture media uses PDA culture medium, including
Following component: potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:
80 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of land plaster；After mixing evenly plus water, final moisture content in medium are 55-
60%；The Mother culture, Primary spawn are that 22 DEG C of -25 DEG C of constant temperature darkrooms are protected from light culture.The Cultivar culture medium and generation
Expect that culture medium for cultivating is identical, the ingredient including following parts by weight: 78 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of gypsum；Institute
State substituting stuff cultivation condition include: cultivation temperature be 25-26 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-95%, preceding 20d intensity of illumination 1000-
1500 luxs, later period intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.From former base to fructification at
It is ripe generally to need 40-50d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can harvest for the year
Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 45-50kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 17%-21%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty
The high 5-15% of dye rate.
Comparative example 3
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with comparative example 2 are only that: the ganoderma lucidum is purple sesame Ganoderma
sinense J.D.Zhao,L.W.Hsu et X.Q.Zhang.Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia
General 10-15mm/d.It is mature from former base to fructification generally to need 40-50d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；With
The dry generation material dry weight meter of 1000kg, can harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 45-50kg for the year.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag living contaminants
The high 5-15% of rate.
Comparative example 4
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: mother culture media uses PDA culture medium, including
Following component: potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar powder 15g/L；Pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight:
80 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of land plaster；After mixing evenly plus water, final moisture content in medium are 55-
60%；The Mother culture, Primary spawn are that 22 DEG C of -25 DEG C of constant temperature darkrooms are protected from light culture.The Cultivar culture medium and generation
Expect that culture medium for cultivating is identical, the ingredient including following parts by weight: 43 parts of cotton seed hulls, 42 parts of weed tree sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, beancake powder 3
Part, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum.The substituting stuff cultivation condition includes: that cultivation temperature is 26-28 DEG C, and relative air humidity is
60-95%, the preceding lux 20d intensity of illumination 1000-1500, later period intensity of illumination 1500-3000 lux.
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.From former base to fructification at
It is ripe generally to need 40-50d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can harvest for the year
Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 45-50kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 20%-26%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty
The high 5-12% of dye rate.
Comparative example 5
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with comparative example 4 are only that: the ganoderma lucidum is Ganoderma capuse Ganoderma
capense(L loyd)D.A.Reid.Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the general 10-15mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.
It is mature from former base to fructification generally to need 40-50d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；With the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg
Meter, can harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 45-50kg for the year.Compared with Example 1, the high 5-12% of cultivating bag bacterial contamination rate.
Comparative example 6
A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, the difference with embodiment 1 are only that: the Cultivar culture medium and for material culture medium
Raw material do not include Armillaria mellea fermented solution and bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor.
Parent species, original seed, cultivar, the general 13-16mm/d of the average daily speed of growth of cultivating bag mycelia.From former base to fructification at
It is ripe generally to need 40-45d, it can harvest within 2-2.5 months after general culture；In terms of the dry generation material dry weight of 1000kg, it can harvest for the year
Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody 50-65kg.Conidia powder and fruiting body yield ratio are 14%-15%.Compared with Example 1, cultivating bag miscellaneous bacteria is dirty
The high 5-10% of dye rate.
Embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-6 ganoderma lucidum fruitbody are detected respectively, as a result such as following table.Detection method difference
With reference to " Zhang Zhijun etc., the Phenol sulfuric acid procedure of ganoderma polyoses content detect research, food industry science and technology, 2006 (2): 193-195 "；
" Li Baoming etc., the research of Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content measuring method, CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 2006 (12): 1234-1236 ".
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content, which comprises the following steps:
1) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to mother culture media, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture；
The mother culture media includes following component: potato 200-300g/L, glucose 20-30g/L, beef extract 3-5g/L,
Peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；The Mother culture condition include: at 22-26 DEG C constant temperature be protected from light culture；2)
Lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium culture, obtains ganoderma lucidum original seed；
The pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of corncob, 10-15 parts of wheat bran,
1-3 parts of brown sugar, 1-3 parts of land plaster, KNO30.05-0.5 parts；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；The original seed
Condition of culture include: in the case where temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is 55-65% constant temperature be protected from light culture；
3) ganoderma lucidum original seed is seeded in Cultivar culture medium and is cultivated, obtain cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind；
The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 50-80 parts of corn stover, 30-50 parts of sawdust, pig manure 10-
25 parts, cow dung 10-25,5-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 1-10 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, fermentation of bacillus subtilis
1-10 parts of liquid, 1-3 parts of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-5.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL, the withered grass gemma
Living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 10 in bacillus fermentation liquid10/mL；The preparation method of the Cultivar culture medium includes following step
It is rapid: each raw material being mixed according to the ratio, adds water to water content 50-70%, is fermented to decomposed；Moisture content is adjusted to 55-60%, is gone out
Bacterium；The cultivar condition of culture includes: the constant temperature incubation in the case where temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is 55-65%；Early period 10
Culture is protected from light in it, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x；
4) the cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is subjected to substituting stuff cultivation, obtains ganoderma lucidum；The culture medium of the substituting stuff cultivation and cultivar culture
Base phase is same；The substituting stuff cultivation condition includes: that cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-75%, 10 days early periods
It is inside protected from light culture, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mother culture media includes following component: Ma Ling
Potato 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；And/or
The pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, 15 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of brown sugar, stone
1 part of cream powder, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；And/or
The Cultivar culture medium, generation material culture medium, the raw material including following parts by weight: 65 parts of corn stover, 40 parts of sawdust, pig
15 parts of excrement, cow dung 20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, gypsum
2 parts；Living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/ mL has in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
Effect viable count is 1.0-1.2 × 1010/mL。
3. cultural method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma
lucidum(Leyss.:Fr.)Karst)；Purple sesame (Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao, L.W.Hsu et
X.Q.Zhang)；Or Ganoderma capuse (Ganoderma capense (L loyd) D.A.Reid).
4. a kind of cultural method for improving ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, Ganoderma total triterpenes acid content, which comprises the following steps:
1) ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss.:Fr.) Karst parent species are seeded to mother culture media at 22-26 DEG C
It supports within constant temperature incubation 5-7 days, obtains lucid ganoderma stock culture；The mother culture media includes following component: potato 250g/L, glucose
25g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；
2) lucid ganoderma stock culture is seeded to pedigree seed culture medium at 20-22 DEG C of temperature, humidity 55-65% to cultivate, obtains ganoderma lucidum original seed；
The pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, 15 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of brown sugar, land plaster
1 part, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%；500mL original seeds bottle is made in pedigree seed culture medium；It is described
The preparation method of pedigree seed culture medium includes taking each raw material according to the ratio, and moisture content is adjusted after mixing, is sterilized；
The Mother culture, Primary spawn condition are protected from light culture in darkroom；
3) ganoderma lucidum original seed is seeded in the Cultivar culture medium in cultivating bag and is cultivated, obtain cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind；The cultivar
Condition of culture is included in that temperature is 20-22 DEG C, humidity is constant temperature incubation under 55-65%, general culture 35-50 days；10 days early periods
It is inside protected from light culture, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x；
The Cultivar culture medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 65 parts of corn stover, 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of pig manure, cow dung
20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of gypsum；The honey
Living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 10 in ring fermented liquid6/ mL, living bacteria count is in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
1.0-1.2×1010/mL；The Armillaria mellea fermented solution preparation method includes taking halimasch parent species, is inoculated in culture solution, shaking table
140rpm cultivates 7-8d, 22-26 DEG C of cultivation temperature, filters halimasch bacterium ball with gauze to get Armillaria mellea fermented solution；
The preparation method of the Cultivar culture medium adds water to water content 50- the following steps are included: according to the ratio mix each raw material
70%, first time turning when temperature reaches 50 DEG C in fermentation heap, turning daily 1-2 times later, and amount of water is supplemented, wait ferment
Heap temperature be reduced to 35 DEG C or less, moisture content be down to 30% or less and show fermentation maturity, terminate fermentation；Adjust moisture content to
55-60% thoroughly sterilizes；
4) the cultivation of glossy ganoderma kind is subjected to substituting stuff cultivation mushroom producing culture, obtains ganoderma lucidum；The generation material culture medium and cultivar are trained
It is same to support base phase；The substituting stuff cultivation condition includes: that cultivation temperature is 28-30 DEG C, relative air humidity 60-75%, early period 10
Culture is protected from light in it, later period intensity of illumination is 1000-1500 1x.
5. cultural method according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC
1.3358。
6. a kind of mother culture media of cultivating ganoderma, which is characterized in that including following component: potato 200-300g/L, grape
Sugared 20-30g/L, beef extract 3-5g/L, peptone 4-10g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L；Preferably, the mother culture media packet
Include following component: potato 250g/L, glucose 25g/L, beef extract 3g/L, peptone 6g/L, agar powder 15-20g/L.
7. a kind of pedigree seed culture medium of cultivating ganoderma, which is characterized in that the ingredient including following parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sawdust, jade
Rice 5-10 parts of core, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of brown sugar, 1-3 parts of land plaster, KNO30.05-0.5 parts；The pedigree seed culture medium contains
Water is 55-60%；Preferably, the pedigree seed culture medium includes the ingredient of following parts by weight: 70 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of corncob, wheat
15 parts of bran, 2 parts of brown sugar, 1 part of land plaster, KNO30.25 part；The pedigree seed culture medium water content is 55-60%.
8. a kind of Cultivar culture medium of cultivating ganoderma or for material culture medium, which is characterized in that the raw material including following parts by weight:
50-80 parts of corn stover, 30-50 parts of sawdust, 10-25 parts of pig manure, cow dung 10-25,5-25 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5-10 parts of humic acid,
1-10 parts of Armillaria mellea fermented solution, 1-10 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 1-3 parts of gypsum；In the Armillaria mellea fermented solution effectively
Viable count is 1.0-5.0 × 106/ mL, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.5 × 10 in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor10/mL；
The preparation method of the Cultivar culture medium adds water to water content 50- the following steps are included: according to the ratio mix each raw material
70%, it ferments to decomposed；Moisture content is adjusted to 55-60%, sterilizing.
9. Cultivar culture medium according to claim 7 or for material culture medium, which is characterized in that including following parts by weight
Raw material: 65 parts of corn stover, 40 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of pig manure, cow dung 20,15 parts of rapeseed dregs, 6 parts of humic acid, Armillaria mellea fermented solution 5
Part, 5 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of gypsum；Living bacteria count is 1.0-3.0 × 10 in the Armillaria mellea fermented solution6/
ML, living bacteria count is 1.0-1.2 × 10 in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor10/mL
Preferably, the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC 1.3358.
10. Cultivar culture medium according to claim 8 or claim 9 or for material culture medium, which is characterized in that the fermentation to corruption
Ripe includes: first time turning when temperature reaches 50 DEG C in fermentation heap, later turning daily 1-2 times, and supplements amount of water, pending
Ferment heap temperature be reduced to 35 DEG C or less, moisture content be down to 30% or less end fermentation.
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110558155A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| CN110476710A (en) | 2019-11-22 |
| CN106479902A (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN106479902B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
| CN110521490A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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