CN111995415A - 一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111995415A CN111995415A CN202010833460.8A CN202010833460A CN111995415A CN 111995415 A CN111995415 A CN 111995415A CN 202010833460 A CN202010833460 A CN 202010833460A CN 111995415 A CN111995415 A CN 111995415A
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- boron nitride
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- nitride ceramic
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴及其制备方法,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:氮化硼60‑70份、碳化硅10‑15份、二氧化锆30‑40份、二氧化硅10‑16份、氮化硅10‑15份、结合剂2‑6份、氧化铅2‑6份、长石3‑5份、连续碳纤维3‑5份、稳定剂2‑6份、助剂3‑6份和适量水。有益效果:改善了单一材质所具有的弊端,此外,通过两个部件的组合构成一个完整喷嘴,在其中一个部件中加入助剂进一步提高耐热冲击性,在靠近高温器体的一端使用耐热冲击性更好的部件,更能耐受高温环境,使其满足实际使用环境的同时也减少了不必要材料的浪费。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高温喷嘴技术领域,具体来说,涉及一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴及其制备方法。
背景技术
喷嘴是很多种喷淋,喷雾,喷油,喷砂设备里很关键的一个部件,甚至是主要部件,按喷嘴的功能喷嘴大致可分为,喷雾喷嘴,喷油烧嘴,喷砂嘴,及特殊喷嘴,按材料分类,可分为金属喷嘴,塑料喷嘴,陶瓷喷嘴,合金喷嘴。
陶瓷喷嘴有非常好的耐磨性和耐化学性,使用领域十分广泛,在农业、化工、钢铁等领域均有应用,但是传统的陶瓷喷嘴材质大多为二氧化硅材质和纯氮化硼材质喷嘴,二氧化硅材质的喷嘴由于其硬度较高,加工性能较差,只能适用于宽度较小的窄带材的生产,而纯氮化硼材质的喷嘴,加工性能很好,虽然散热效果较好(导热性能好),但抗热冲击能力以及韧性都较弱,使用一段时间后,很快就会出现喷口变形、喷道被熔融液体冲击成流沟,造成喷射体沉积在基材上的厚度不均匀,因而为了改变单一材质带来的缺陷,需要使用复合材质制作喷嘴,来改善单一材质带来的缺陷,此外,在一些领域,喷嘴的喷淋溶液温度高,特别是化工行业,喷头的一端会靠近熔炉等高温器体,因而需要喷嘴具有耐高温的特性,但是在实际使用的过程中,靠近发热器体的一端会承受更高的温度,两端的受热温度也是具有差异,因而会影响到喷嘴的使用。
针对相关技术中的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼60-70份、碳化硅10-15份、氧化锆30-40份、二氧化硅10-16份、氮化硅10-15份、结合剂2-6份、氧化铅2-6份、长石3-5份、连续碳纤维3-5份、稳定剂2-6份、助剂3-6份和适量水。
进一步的,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝1-3份和氧化钾1-3份。
进一步的,所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇1-3份和锆酸钙1-3份。
进一步的,所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙1-2份、氧化镁1-2份和氮化铝1-2份。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
将称取好的氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化锆、二氧化硅、氮化硅、结合剂、氧化铅、长石和稳定剂进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂并混合,形成混合物四;
将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
进一步的,上述连接碳纤维在进行热处理时,将连续碳纤维置于管式炉内,以10℃/min的加热速率加热至1000度,随后保温至1-2h。
进一步的,上述管式炉内加热环境为惰性气体气氛。
进一步的,上述煅烧炉的加热速率为15℃/min,上述混合物三和混合物四进行保温时,保温为温度1750-1800℃、保温压强为15-20MPa,保温时长为2-3h。
进一步的,上述混合物三和混合四采用100-150目筛选,上述混合物三和混合物四进行研磨时,采用5000-6000rpm高速研磨机,研磨时间为1-2h。
进一步的,上述素胚进行煅烧时,先在常压、450-550℃温度下煅烧2-3h,随后在温度1750-1800℃、压力15-20MPa、50%CO和50%H2氛围下烧结3-6h,得到部件一和部件二。
其中,本发明所采用的原料阐述如下:
氮化硼:具有良好的导热性。硬度仅次于金刚石,是一种超硬材料,常用作刀具材料和磨料。
碳化硅:化学性能稳定、导热系数高、热膨胀系数小、耐磨性能好,具有优良的导热性能,是一种半导体,高温时能抗氧化。
二氧化锆:具有高熔点、高电阻率、高折射率和低热膨胀系数的性质,使它成为重要的耐高温材料、陶瓷绝缘材料和陶瓷遮光剂。
二氧化硅:是制造耐火材料的原料,二氧化硅还可以作为润滑剂,是一种优良的流动促进剂,主要作为润滑剂、抗黏剂、助流剂。
氮化硅:是一种重要的结构陶瓷材料。它是一种超硬物质,本身具有润滑性,并且耐磨损,为原子晶体;高温时抗氧化。而且它还能抵抗冷热冲击。
氧化铅:用于制造高折射率光学玻璃、陶瓷瓷釉、精密机床的平面研磨剂,是医用原料、橡胶着色剂。
长石:是一种含有钙、钠、钾的铝硅酸盐矿物,是重要的造岩矿物。主要用于制造陶瓷、搪瓷、玻璃原料、磨粒磨具等。
连续碳纤维:具有耐高温、抗摩擦、导电、导热及耐腐蚀等特性。
氧化铝:是一种高硬度的化合物,熔点为2054℃,沸点为2980℃,在高温下可电离的离子晶体,常用于制造耐火材料。
氧化钾:能溶解部分的二氧化硅和三氧化二铝,生成玻璃相,填充于胎体骨架的空隙中,并能加速莫来石的成长,提高机械强度,促进胎体烧结,提高瓷器的透明度,能降低釉的膨胀系数,增加釉的弹性,对热稳定性有利。
三氧化二钇:可用作高级光学玻璃添加剂制高温透明玻璃、陶瓷材料添加剂、x光增感屏稀土荧光粉、大屏幕电视用高亮度荧光粉和其他显像管涂料。
锆酸钙:具有钙钛矿型结构,相对介电常数28,可用作陶瓷,化工原料,辅料。
氧化钙:白色或带灰色块状或颗粒,溶于酸类、甘油和蔗糖溶液,几乎不溶于乙醇,用于耐火材料、干燥剂。
氧化镁:有高度耐火绝缘性能,经1000℃以上高温灼烧可转变为晶体,升至1500-2000℃则成死烧氧化镁。
氮化铝:可稳定到2200℃,室温强度高,且强度随温度的升高下降较慢,导热性好,热膨胀系数小,是良好的耐热冲击材料,抗熔融金属侵蚀的能力强。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
该喷嘴通过多种材料的复合,不仅能够提高喷嘴的抗热冲击力和韧性,从而使得喷嘴具有良好的耐高温性,提高材料的抗变形能力,致密度高,改善了单一材质所具有的弊端,此外,通过两个部件的组合构成一个完整喷嘴,在其中一个部件中加入助剂进一步提高耐热冲击性,在靠近高温器体的一端使用耐热冲击性更好的部件,更能耐受高温环境,使其满足实际使用环境的同时也减少了不必要材料的浪费,节省了生产成本,具有更好的使用价值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对发明做出进一步的描述:
根据本发明的一个实施例,提供了一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼60-70份、碳化硅10-15份、氧化锆30-40份、二氧化硅10-16份、氮化硅10-15份、结合剂2-6份、氧化铅2-6份、长石3-5份、连续碳纤维3-5份、稳定剂2-6份、助剂3-6份和适量水。
其中,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝1-3份和氧化钾1-3份。
所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇1-3份和锆酸钙1-3份。
所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙1-2份、氧化镁1-2份和氮化铝1-2份。
为了更清楚的理解本发明的上述技术方案,以下通过具体实例对本发明的上述方案进行详细说明。
实施例一
一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼60kg、碳化硅10kg、氧化锆30kg、二氧化硅10kg、氮化硅10kg、结合剂2kg、氧化铅2kg、长石3kg、连续碳纤维3kg、稳定剂2kg、助剂3kg和适量水。
其中,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝1kg和氧化钾1kg。
所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇1kg和锆酸钙1kg。
所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙1kg、氧化镁1kg和氮化铝1kg。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
将称取好的氮化硼60kg、碳化硅10kg、氧化锆30kg、二氧化硅10kg、氮化硅10kg、结合剂2kg、氧化铅2kg、长石3kg和稳定剂2kg进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂3kg并混合,形成混合物四;
将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维3kg进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
实施例二
一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼65kg、碳化硅12.5kg、氧化锆35kg、二氧化硅13kg、氮化硅12.5kg、结合剂4kg、氧化铅4kg、长石4kg、连续碳纤维4kg、稳定剂4kg、助剂4.5kg和适量水。
其中,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝2kg和氧化钾2kg。
所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇2kg和锆酸钙2kg。
所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙1.5kg、氧化镁1.5kg和氮化铝1.5kg。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
将称取好的氮化硼65kg、碳化硅12.5kg、氧化锆35kg、二氧化硅13g、氮化硅12.5kg、结合剂4kg、氧化铅4kg、长石4kg和稳定剂4kg进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂4.5kg并混合,形成混合物四;
将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维4kg进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
实施例三
一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼70kg、碳化硅15kg、氧化锆40kg、二氧化硅16kg、氮化硅15kg、结合剂6kg、氧化铅6kg、长石5kg、连续碳纤维5kg、稳定剂6kg、助剂6kg和适量水。
其中,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝3kg和氧化钾3kg。
所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇3kg和锆酸钙3kg。
所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙2kg、氧化镁2kg和氮化铝2kg。
该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
将称取好的氮化硼70kg、碳化硅15kg、氧化锆40kg、二氧化硅16g、氮化硅15kg、结合剂6kg、氧化铅6kg、长石5kg和稳定剂6kg进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂6kg并混合,形成混合物四;
将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维5kg进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
根据本发明的实施例,还提供了一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法。
如图1所示,在实际生产过程中,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
步骤S101,根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
步骤S103,将称取好的氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化锆、二氧化硅、氮化硅、结合剂、氧化铅、长石和稳定剂进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
步骤S105,将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂并混合,形成混合物四;
步骤S107,将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
步骤S109,当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
步骤S111,将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
步骤S113,对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
步骤S115,对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
在一个实施例中,上述连接碳纤维在进行热处理时,将连续碳纤维置于管式炉内,以10℃/min的加热速率加热至1000度,随后保温至1-2h。
在一个实施例中,上述管式炉内加热环境为惰性气体气氛。
在一个实施例中,上述煅烧炉的加热速率为15℃/min,上述混合物三和混合物四进行保温时,保温为温度1750-1800℃、保温压强为15-20MPa,保温时长为2-3h。
在一个实施例中,上述混合物三和混合四采用100-150目筛选,上述混合物三和混合物四进行研磨时,采用5000-6000rpm高速研磨机,研磨时间为1-2h。
在一个实施例中,上述素胚进行煅烧时,先在常压、450-550℃温度下煅烧2-3h,随后在温度1750-1800℃、压力15-20MPa、50%CO和50%H2氛围下烧结3-6h,得到部件一和部件二。
综上所述,该喷嘴通过多种材料的复合,不仅能够提高喷嘴的抗热冲击力和韧性,从而使得喷嘴具有良好的耐高温性,提高材料的抗变形能力,致密度高,改善了单一材质所具有的弊端,此外,通过两个部件的组合构成一个完整喷嘴,在其中一个部件中加入助剂进一步提高耐热冲击性,在靠近高温器体的一端使用耐热冲击性更好的部件,更能耐受高温环境,使其满足实际使用环境的同时也减少了不必要材料的浪费,节省了生产成本,具有更好的使用价值。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,其特征在于,该复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴由以下质量份数的原料制成:
氮化硼60-70份、碳化硅10-15份、二氧化锆30-40份、二氧化硅10-16份、氮化硅10-15份、结合剂2-6份、氧化铅2-6份、长石3-5份、连续碳纤维3-5份、稳定剂2-6份、助剂3-6份和适量水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,其特征在于,所述结合剂包括以下原料组份:氧化铝1-3份和氧化钾1-3份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,其特征在于,所述稳定剂包括以下原料组份:三氧化二钇1-3份和锆酸钙1-3份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴,其特征在于,所述助剂包括以下原料组份:氧化钙1-2份、氧化镁1-2份和氮化铝1-2份。
5.一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,用于权利要求4所述的复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备,包括以下步骤:
根据上述质量份数,称取所述复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴所需各原料;
将称取好的氮化硼、碳化硅、二氧化锆、二氧化硅、氮化硅、结合剂、氧化铅、长石和稳定剂进行混合操作,形成混合物一;
将混合物一一分为二,分成等量的混合物二和混合物三,在混合物二中添加称取好的助剂并混合,形成混合物四;
将混合物三和混合四分别放入真空环境的煅烧炉内进行烧结,对连接碳纤维进行热处理,热处理后加入混合物三和混合物四中,继续煅烧;
当煅烧炉内温度达到1200℃后,往煅烧炉内添加惰性气体,使煅烧炉内处于惰性气体气氛内,当煅烧炉内温度达到1800℃时,进行保温操作;
将煅烧好的上述混合物三和混合物四进行粉碎、筛选、研磨后,得超细粉,随后在超细粉加入适量水打浆装模成型,得素胚;
对素胚进行修胚、干燥、装炉后进行煅烧烧结,冷却出料制得部件一和部件二;
对部件一和部件二进行螺纹加工操作,随后将部件一和部件二进行螺纹连接,得到复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,上述连接碳纤维在进行热处理时,将连续碳纤维置于管式炉内,以10℃/min的加热速率加热至1000度,随后保温至1-2h。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,上述管式炉内加热环境为惰性气体气氛。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,上述煅烧炉的加热速率为15℃/min,上述混合物三和混合物四进行保温时,保温为温度1750-1800℃、保温压强为15-20MPa,保温时长为2-3h。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,上述混合物三和混合四采用100-150目筛选,上述混合物三和混合物四进行研磨时,采用5000-6000rpm高速研磨机,研磨时间为1-2h。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种复合氮化硼陶瓷高温喷嘴的制备方法,其特征在于,上述素胚进行煅烧时,先在常压、450-550℃温度下煅烧2-3h,随后在温度1750-1800℃、压力15-20MPa、50%CO和50%H2氛围下烧结3-6h,得到部件一和部件二。
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