CN104355618A - 一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 silicon carbide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004223 radioprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：硼化钛30-35、碳化硅45-50、碳纤维0.4-0.7、石英2.6-3.9、膨胀珍珠岩1-3、高岭土4-6、膨润土3.2-5.3、丁苯橡胶乳液1.4-2.3、氧化铝13-27、硫酸钠0.1-0.3、硬脂酸甘油酯10-13、棕榈酸6-8、聚丙烯酰胺5-7、助剂2-4、适量水；本发明将硼化钛、碳化硅复合添加到原料中，两者相互扬长补短，同时还添加其他有效成分制得的陶瓷喷嘴具有强度高、延展性好、硬度及断裂韧度高等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于色选机的陶瓷喷嘴制备工艺，属于喷嘴成型技术领域，具体涉及一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法。
背景技术
色选机是用于散体物料品质检测和分级的一种无损分选设备，在粮食、食品、颜料化工等行业有着广泛的应用。色选机是根据物料光学特性的差异，利用光电探测技术将颗粒物料中的异色颗粒快速有效的分辨并剔除从而分选不同品质等级的物料。而剔除的动作是由陶瓷喷嘴完成，陶瓷喷嘴是色选机系统中不可或缺的关键部件，其性能的优劣直接影响到色选的效果。
陶瓷喷嘴自上个世纪九时年代引入中国以来，材料不断的改进更新，从氧化物陶瓷逐渐发展到氮化物陶瓷和碳化物陶瓷，而生产工艺及制备方法落后，致使现有技术中陶瓷喷嘴存在诸多缺陷，比如硬度不高、耐磨性差、防腐蚀防冲蚀能力弱、延展性不大等。为克服现有技术的不足，有必要对现有陶瓷喷嘴生产技术加以改进，从而制得适合色选机的不同需求的具有成本低、功能多元化、阻燃、硬度高、耐磨、防辐射等功能的陶瓷喷嘴。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法，以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：硼化钛30-35、碳化硅45-50、碳纤维0.4-0.7、石英2.6-3.9、膨胀珍珠岩1-3、高岭土4-6、膨润土3.2-5.3、丁苯橡胶乳液1.4-2.3、氧化铝13-27、硫酸钠0.1-0.3、硬脂酸甘油酯10-13、棕榈酸6-8、聚丙烯酰胺5-7、助剂2-4、适量水。
所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：水玻璃18-23、马来酸酐2.3-5.4、乙二醇3.2-4.7、聚乙烯纤维4-6、脉石英3-5、坡缕石2-4、海螺壳粉5-7、纸浆6-8、托玛啉0.3-0.6、二硫化钼1.2-2.4、硫酸铵2.1-3.2、磷酸二氢锌1.3-2.5、草酸钠1-2，其制备方法是将脉石英、坡缕石粉碎至120-150目，加入海螺壳粉、硫酸铵、草酸钠搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入纸浆、马来酸酐、乙二醇搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与水玻璃、二硫化钼、聚乙烯纤维及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
所述的一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将石英、膨胀珍珠岩、高岭土混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，冷却至40-60℃时加入硫酸钠研磨30-40分钟；
（2）取膨润土、硼化钛、碳化硅搅拌混匀，加入碳纤维、氧化铝于470-550℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却至室温研磨30-40分钟，加入丁苯橡胶乳液、硬脂酸甘油酯、棕榈酸高速研磨至浆料粒径至20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入聚丙烯酰胺及其他剩余成分依此循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于2100℃～2450℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
本发明有以下有益效果：本发明将硼化钛、碳化硅复合添加到原料中，两者相互扬长补短，同时还添加其他有效成分制得的陶瓷喷嘴具有强度高、延展性好、硬度及断裂韧度高等优点；本发明工艺简单，易于产业化，市场前景广阔。
具体实施方式
所述的一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：硼化钛33、碳化硅46、碳纤维0.5、石英2.8、膨胀珍珠岩1、高岭土4、膨润土3.7、丁苯橡胶乳液1.8、氧化铝23、硫酸钠0.1、硬脂酸甘油酯10、棕榈酸6、聚丙烯酰胺7、助剂4、适量水。
所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：水玻璃19、马来酸酐4.4、乙二醇3.8、聚乙烯纤维4、脉石英3、坡缕石2、海螺壳粉6、纸浆8、托玛啉0.3、二硫化钼2.4、硫酸铵2.1、磷酸二氢锌2.3、草酸钠1，其制备方法是将脉石英、坡缕石粉碎至120-150目，加入海螺壳粉、硫酸铵、草酸钠搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入纸浆、马来酸酐、乙二醇搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与水玻璃、二硫化钼、聚乙烯纤维及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
制作方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将石英、膨胀珍珠岩、高岭土混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，冷却至40-60℃时加入硫酸钠研磨30-40分钟；
（2）取膨润土、硼化钛、碳化硅搅拌混匀，加入碳纤维、氧化铝于470-550℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却至室温研磨30-40分钟，加入丁苯橡胶乳液、硬脂酸甘油酯、棕榈酸高速研磨至浆料粒径至20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入聚丙烯酰胺及其他剩余成分依此循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于2100℃～2450℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
使用本实施例生产的陶瓷喷嘴具有良好的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性，能够在150g/L的硝酸和60g/L的氢氟酸混合溶液介质环境下，工作寿命达到60天以上；经测试其致密度达96.8％以上，体积密度为3.12g/cm3，抗折强度为661Mpa；喷嘴的孔道内部光洁度好，喷射效果理想。
Claims (2)
1.一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：硼化钛30-35、碳化硅45-50、碳纤维0.4-0.7、石英2.6-3.9、膨胀珍珠岩1-3、高岭土4-6、膨润土3.2-5.3、丁苯橡胶乳液1.4-2.3、氧化铝13-27、硫酸钠0.1-0.3、硬脂酸甘油酯10-13、棕榈酸6-8、聚丙烯酰胺5-7、助剂2-4、适量水；所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：水玻璃18-23、马来酸酐2.3-5.4、乙二醇3.2-4.7、聚乙烯纤维4-6、脉石英3-5、坡缕石2-4、海螺壳粉5-7、纸浆6-8、托玛啉0.3-0.6、二硫化钼1.2-2.4、硫酸铵2.1-3.2、磷酸二氢锌1.3-2.5、草酸钠1-2，其制备方法是将脉石英、坡缕石粉碎至120-150目，加入海螺壳粉、硫酸铵、草酸钠搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入纸浆、马来酸酐、乙二醇搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与水玻璃、二硫化钼、聚乙烯纤维及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种硼化钛/碳化硅复合的陶瓷喷嘴的制作方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将石英、膨胀珍珠岩、高岭土混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，冷却至40-60℃时加入硫酸钠研磨30-40分钟；
（2）取膨润土、硼化钛、碳化硅搅拌混匀，加入碳纤维、氧化铝于470-550℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却至室温研磨30-40分钟，加入丁苯橡胶乳液、硬脂酸甘油酯、棕榈酸高速研磨至浆料粒径至20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入聚丙烯酰胺及其他剩余成分依此循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于2100℃～2450℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
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| CN109574499A (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-05 | 福建南平荣坤钢化玻璃有限公司 | 一种高韧性钢化玻璃及其制备方法 |
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| CN109574499B (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-10-26 | 福建南平荣坤钢化玻璃有限公司 | 一种高韧性钢化玻璃及其制备方法 |
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