CN104355621B - 一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UVSYOFPXSA-N (3s,5r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound COC1OC(CO)[C@@H](O)C(O)[C@H]1O HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UVSYOFPXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000013123 dwarf bean Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl beta-galactoside Natural products COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004223 radioprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：铁矿渣2-3、绿豆岩1-2、海泡石2-4、粘土13-17、竹炭粉2.1-4.6、糖钙0.4-0.8、生活垃圾5-7、纳米碳化硅75-85、氧化铁14-18、过硫酸铵0.3-0.6、刺梧桐树胶0.7-1.3、甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚13-15、甲基丙烯酸甲酯4-7、助剂2-4、适量水；本发明添加纳米碳化硅具有硬度高，延展性好，即可做螺旋喷嘴亦可做涡流喷嘴；同时还添加其他有效成分，提高了喷嘴的耐磨性，利于规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷喷嘴制备工艺，属于喷嘴成型技术领域，具体涉及一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法。
背景技术
陶瓷喷嘴自上个世纪九时年代引入中国以来，材料不断的改进更新，从氧化物陶瓷逐渐发展到氮化物陶瓷和碳化物陶瓷，而生产工艺及制备方法落后，致使现有技术中陶瓷喷嘴存在诸多缺陷，比如硬度不高、耐磨性差、防腐蚀防冲蚀能力弱、延展性不大等。为克服现有技术的不足，有必要对现有陶瓷喷嘴生产技术加以改进，从而制得适合不同需求的具有成本低、功能多元化、阻燃、硬度高、耐磨、防辐射等功能的陶瓷喷嘴。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴及其制作方法，以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：铁矿渣2-3、绿豆岩1-2、海泡石2-4、粘土13-17、竹炭粉2.1-4.6、糖钙0.4-0.8、生活垃圾5-7、纳米碳化硅75-85、氧化铁14-18、过硫酸铵0.3-0.6、刺梧桐树胶0.7-1.3、甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚13-15、甲基丙烯酸甲酯4-7、助剂2-4、适量水。
所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：羧甲基纤维素15-19、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1-2、聚乙二醇2.3-4.8、甲基丙烯酸3.1-4.5、甲基丙烯酸甲酯2-3、醋酸乙烯1-2、稻糠粉4-6、玄武岩3-4、埃洛石2-4、咖啡木屑3-6、氯化镁1.1-2.4、纳米级硅酸钠1.3-2.7、环烷酸铅0.5-0.9，其制备方法是将玄武岩、埃洛石粉碎至120-150目，加入咖啡木屑、氯化镁搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、醋酸乙烯、环烷酸铅搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与羧甲基纤维素、稻糠粉、纳米级硅酸钠及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
所述的一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将铁矿渣、绿豆岩、海泡石混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，待温度降至40-60℃时粉碎至120-180目；
（2）将生活垃圾进行挑拣后加入粘土、竹炭粉、纳米碳化硅、氧化铁、过硫酸铵搅拌混匀并于570-680℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却研磨30-40分钟，加入甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚、甲基丙烯酸甲酯高速研磨至浆料粒径20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入其他剩余成分依此循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于1750℃～2180℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
本发明有以下有益效果：本发明添加纳米碳化硅具有硬度高，延展性好，即可做螺旋喷嘴亦可做涡流喷嘴；同时还添加其他有效成分，提高了喷嘴的耐磨性，利于规模化生产。
具体实施方式
所述的一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：铁矿渣3、绿豆岩1、海泡石4、粘土16、竹炭粉3.1、糖钙0.7、生活垃圾5、纳米碳化硅77、氧化铁15、过硫酸铵0.3、刺梧桐树胶0.8、甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚13、甲基丙烯酸甲酯7、助剂3、适量水。
所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：羧甲基纤维素17、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1、聚乙二醇3.3、甲基丙烯酸4.2、甲基丙烯酸甲酯3、醋酸乙烯1、稻糠粉4、玄武岩4、埃洛石3、咖啡木屑5、氯化镁1.7、纳米级硅酸钠1.9、环烷酸铅0.7，其制备方法是将玄武岩、埃洛石粉碎至120-150目，加入咖啡木屑、氯化镁搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、醋酸乙烯、环烷酸铅搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与羧甲基纤维素、稻糠粉、纳米级硅酸钠及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
制作方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将铁矿渣、绿豆岩、海泡石混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，待温度降至40-60℃时粉碎至120-180目；
（2）将生活垃圾进行挑拣后加入粘土、竹炭粉、纳米碳化硅、氧化铁、过硫酸铵搅拌混匀并于570-680℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却研磨30-40分钟，加入甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚、甲基丙烯酸甲酯高速研磨至浆料粒径20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入其他剩余成分依此循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于1750℃～2180℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
使用本实施例生产的陶瓷喷嘴具有良好的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性，能够在150g/L的硝酸和60g/L的氢氟酸混合溶液介质环境下，工作寿命达到60天以上；经测试其致密度达96％以上，体积密度为3.28g/cm3，抗折强度为669Mpa；喷嘴的孔道内部光洁度好，喷射效果理想。
Claims (2)
1.一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：铁矿渣2-3、绿豆岩1-2、海泡石2-4、粘土13-17、竹炭粉2.1-4.6、糖钙0.4-0.8、生活垃圾5-7、纳米碳化硅75-85、氧化铁14-18、过硫酸铵0.3-0.6、刺梧桐树胶0.7-1.3、甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚13-15、甲基丙烯酸甲酯4-7、助剂2-4、适量水；所述的助剂由下列重量份原料制成：羧甲基纤维素15-19、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1-2、聚乙二醇2.3-4.8、甲基丙烯酸3.1-4.5、甲基丙烯酸甲酯2-3、醋酸乙烯1-2、稻糠粉4-6、玄武岩3-4、埃洛石2-4、咖啡木屑3-6、氯化镁1.1-2.4、纳米级硅酸钠1.3-2.7、环烷酸铅0.5-0.9，其制备方法是将玄武岩、埃洛石粉碎至120-150目，加入咖啡木屑、氯化镁搅拌混匀于710-820℃下煅烧2-3小时，水淬，然后再加入聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、醋酸乙烯、环烷酸铅搅拌混匀，在70-90℃水浴温度下高速研磨浆料粒径至15μm以下，喷雾干燥成粉末，将制得的粉末与羧甲基纤维素、稻糠粉、纳米级硅酸钠及其他剩余成分混合，研磨1-2小时即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米碳化硅增韧陶瓷喷嘴的制作方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将铁矿渣、绿豆岩、海泡石混匀放入煅烧炉中于750-880℃下煅烧2-3小时，用1-3‰的氯化钙溶液淬火，待温度降至40-60℃时粉碎至120-180目；
（2）将生活垃圾进行挑拣后加入粘土、竹炭粉、纳米碳化硅、氧化铁、过硫酸铵搅拌混匀并于570-680℃下煅烧1-2小时，冷却研磨30-40分钟，加入甲基葡萄糖聚氧乙烯醚、甲基丙烯酸甲酯高速研磨至浆料粒径20-30μm，喷雾干燥；
（3）将步骤（1）、（2）反应物料混匀，加水打浆制成固含量为50-60%的浆料，再加入其他剩余成分循环搅拌研磨8-10次，每次研磨2小时以上；
（4）将上述浆料注入模具中成型，经修坯、干燥、装炉于1750℃～2180℃烧结5-10小时，冷却出料。
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