CN111423207A - 高性能镁质强化瓷坯料、高性能镁质强化瓷制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
高性能镁质强化瓷坯料、高性能镁质强化瓷制品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011226 reinforced ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical group O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 phospho-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高性能镁质强化瓷坯料、高性能镁质强化瓷制品及其制备方法，属于日用陶瓷技术领域。所述高性能镁质强化瓷坯料包括基料和添加剂，所述基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土25～40wt%、广西资源粘土6～12wt%、贵州粘土8～15wt%、烧滑石30～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%；所述添加剂为氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3%wt。本发明通过改进配方体系，实现颗粒弥散增韧增强，并原位形成低膨胀晶体或固熔体，从而有效提升镁质瓷的抗热震性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于日用陶瓷技术领域，具体涉及一种高性能镁质强化瓷坯料、高性能镁质强化瓷制品及其制备方法。
背景技术
镁质瓷是以滑石作为助熔剂的“MgO-Al2O3-SiO2”三组分系统瓷，其特点是瓷质洁白、半透明、强度高。目前，镁质瓷的缺点是烧成温度范围窄，使得合格率低，底脚容易吸污，因此就要求镁质瓷具有较低的吸水率，吸水率≦0.05%，才能够满足镁质瓷产品品质的要求、以及用户的需求。镁质瓷吸水率低则必须要生成更多的玻璃相，也即需要引入较多的长石，而这样便带来了瓷胎变形大的问题。其原因在于坯料中低温熔剂K2O、Na2O增多，从而导致坯体温度达到最低共熔点温度便突然出现大量液相，瓷胎黏度突然变低，变形变大，导致烧成温度范围窄。因此，如何获得性能良好的镁质瓷已成为现有技术急需解决的一大难题。
为解决上述问题，目前有研究者开发了低吸水率镁质瓷，在满足强度要求的情况下，其吸水率达到了0.1%～0.2%，但是，仍然达不到宾馆行业吸水率≦0.05%的高要求。此外，在实际生产中，企业为了节约成本，希望烧成周期控制在7～9h，大多通过提高烧成温度以缩短烧成周期并且降低吸水率，但这样容易造成镁质瓷的烧成范围窄，变形率大，强度降低，极大地影响了产品的性能及合格率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，而提供一种原料易得、价格低廉、可保证产品性能指标的高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，通过添加剂并改进配方体系，实现颗粒弥散增韧增强，并原位形成低膨胀晶体或固熔体，从而有效提升镁质瓷的抗热震性能，本发明还提供一种高性能镁质强化瓷制品及其制备方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂，所述基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土25～40wt%、广西资源粘土6～12wt%、贵州粘土8～15wt%、烧滑石30～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%；所述添加剂为氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3%wt。
更进一步地，所述基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土30～40wt%、广西资源粘土8～12wt%、贵州粘土10～15wt%、烧滑石35～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%。
更进一步地，所述氧化锆微粉的细度为0.5～1.5μm，D90≤1μm。
本发明还提供一种由所述的高性能镁质强化瓷坯料制得的高性能镁质强化瓷制品。
本发明还提供一种所述的高性能镁质强化瓷制品的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：将所述坯料挑选剔除杂质后，将所有原料准确配料，装入球磨机进行球磨，球磨筛余控制在0.4%～0.6%；
步骤二：将步骤一所得混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
步骤三：将步骤二所得泥料进行成型、施釉、烧成，即所述高性能镁质强化瓷制品。
更进一步地，步骤一所述球磨时的料球水比为1:1.8～2.2:0.8～0.9。
更进一步地，步骤三所述烧成具体为：烧成温度为1290～1310℃，保温时间为60～90min，烧成总用时为10～12h。
镁质瓷作为宾馆酒店的主要用瓷，其特点是瓷质洁白、半透明、强度高。但是镁质瓷其烧成温度范围窄，烧成合格率低，底脚容易吸污，被消费者诟病。本发明通过对“MgO-Al2O3-SiO2”三元系统进行研究，对配方体系进行了改进，采用复合熔剂、弥散增韧的机理，提高镁质瓷的玻璃相量及其黏度，使得镁质瓷的吸水率≦0.05%，拓宽烧成温度范围，提高产品合格率。
本发明与现有技术相比，其有益效果为：
第一：本发明通过氧化锆作为增强增韧剂，起到弥散增韧增强的作用，提高了瓷胎的强度和韧性（抗折强度达到180～230MP），有助于提高瓷胎的热稳定性。
第二：本发明通过引入磷铝石和轻烧镁，利用其在瓷胎中低温时原位生成堇青石晶体、以及磷铝石与游离石英反应生成的固熔体，保证瓷胎吸水率，拓宽了烧成温度范围。
第三：本发明原料易得、价格低廉，便于生产实施，有利于产业化推广和应用。
说明书附图
图1是本发明实施例3制得的高性能镁质强化瓷陶瓷制品断面的显微电镜扫描图（图a~d为腐蚀后的扫描图）；
图2为本发明实施例3制得的高性能镁质强化瓷陶瓷制品的XRD图谱。
从图1和图2可以看出，生成了大量的很纯的短柱状原顽火辉石晶体和致密的玻璃相，基本上看不出气孔，故本发明的陶瓷产品抗折强度高，透光性好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本领域技术人员将会理解，下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限定本发明的范围。
本发明实施例的一种高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂；其中，基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土30～40wt%、广西资源粘土8～12wt%、贵州粘土10～15wt%、烧滑石35～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%。氧化锆微粉（细度为0.5～1.5μm，D90≤1μm），其用量为基料的1～3%wt。
本发明各实施例的坯料组成如表1所示。
表1 本发明实施例高性能镁质强化瓷坯料的组成
* 添加剂的用量为相对于基料。
本发明实施例的一种高性能镁质强化瓷产品的制备方法，其步骤如下：
（1）坯料组成挑选剔除杂质后，将所有原料准确配料，装入球磨机，按照料球水比为1:1.8～2.2:0.8～0.9球磨，球磨筛余控制在0.4～0.6%（250目筛）；
（2）混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
（3）泥料进行成型、施釉、烧成，即获得高性能镁质强化瓷制品。
其中，进行烧成时，烧成温度为1290～1310℃，保温时间为60～90min，烧成总用时为10～12h。
本发明各实施例制备方法工艺参数如表2所示。
表2 本发明实施例高性能镁质强化瓷产品的制备方法工艺参数
本发明实施例制备得到的高性能镁质强化瓷产品的性能指标如表3所示。
表3 本发明实施例高性能镁质强化瓷瓷产品的性能指标
上表为本发明实施例一至六所得产品的性能指标，其中：
1、抗折强度是由10KN电子万能材料试验机测试；
2、白度是由全自动白度测试仪测试；
3、吸水率是由吸水率测定仪测定；
4、热稳定性是由抗热震性能检测仪测定。
本发明中使用的广西资源粘土和釉的化学组成分别如下：
表4 化学组成（wt%）
| 名称 | SiO<sub>2</sub> | Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | K<sub>2</sub>O | Na<sub>2</sub>O | MgO | CaO | Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | TiO<sub>2</sub> | 烧失 |
| 资源粘土 | 50.37 | 34.78 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 13.83 |
| 釉 | 72.25 | 12.42 | 5.92 | 1.77 | 1.65 | 2.72 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.24 |
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂，其特征在于：所述基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土25～40wt%、广西资源粘土6～12wt%、贵州粘土8～15wt%、烧滑石30～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%；所述添加剂为氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3%wt。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，其特征在于：所述基料包括按照质量百分比计的如下组分：黑色镁质粘土30～40wt%、广西资源粘土8～12wt%、贵州粘土10～15wt%、烧滑石35～45wt%、磷铝石1～3wt%、轻烧镁1～5wt%、钾长石3～8wt%、方解石1～3wt%、膨润土1～3wt%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高性能镁质强化瓷坯料，其特征在于：所述氧化锆微粉的细度为0.5～1.5μm，D90≤1μm。
4.由权利要求1至3任一项所述的高性能镁质强化瓷坯料制得的高性能镁质强化瓷制品。
5.权利要求4所述的高性能镁质强化瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
步骤一：将所述坯料挑选剔除杂质后，将所有原料准确配料，装入球磨机进行球磨，球磨筛余控制在0.4%～0.6%；
步骤二：将步骤一所得混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
步骤三：将步骤二所得泥料进行成型、施釉、烧成，即所述高性能镁质强化瓷制品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的高性能镁质强化瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤一所述球磨时的料球水比为1:1.8～2.2:0.8～0.9。
7.根据权利要求5所述的高性能镁质强化瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤三所述烧成具体为：烧成温度为1290～1310℃，保温时间为60～90min，烧成总用时为10～12h。
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