CN109081678B - 一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料及其产品的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料及其产品的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109081678B
CN109081678B CN201810957881.4A CN201810957881A CN109081678B CN 109081678 B CN109081678 B CN 109081678B CN 201810957881 A CN201810957881 A CN 201810957881A CN 109081678 B CN109081678 B CN 109081678B
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feldspar
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包启富
林章铨
郭建洲
徐彩丽
郭缨琨
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Fujian Dehua Wuzhou Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂；所述基料的组成为内蒙钾长石25～35wt％、法国Imerys高岭土20～35wt％、广西北海瓷土18～25wt％、熔融石英10～20wt％、磷铝石3～8wt％、蛇纹石1～5wt％；所述添加剂为钇稳定氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3％wt。此外，还公开了一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法。本发明通过添加剂并优化配方体系，实现了颗粒弥散增韧增强，并原位形成低膨胀晶体及固熔体，从而有效提升了长石质瓷的抗热震性能。本发明原料易得、价格低廉，并实现了低温快烧，从而降低了原料成本，达到了节能减排目的，便于生产实施，有利于产业化推广和应用。

Description

一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料及其产品的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及日用陶瓷技术领域，尤其涉及一种长石质陶瓷坯料及其产品的制备方法。
背景技术
长石质瓷是以长石作为助熔剂的“长石-石英-高龄土”三组分系统瓷，其特点是瓷质洁白、半透明、断面致密、吸水率低、透光度好、化学稳定性好。目前，对于长石质瓷的透光度要求较高，甚至达到骨质瓷的透光度，才能够满足产品品质的要求、以及用户的需求。而透光度好必须要生成更多的玻璃相，也即需要引入较多的长石，这样便带来了瓷胎热稳定性变差的问题。其原因在于坯料中单一低温熔剂K2O、Na2O增多，从而导致坯体温度达到最低共熔点温度便突然出现大量液相，莫来石晶体较少、游离石英多，进而增大了其膨胀系数，热交换150～20℃一次就开裂，因此，已成为现有技术急需解决的一大难题。
为解决上述问题，目前也研究开发了高透长石质瓷，在满足透光度要求的情况下，其热稳定性可以达到180～20℃一次不裂，但是，仍然达不到欧美国家以及电器行业230～20℃一次不裂的高要求。此外，在实际生产中，企业所采用的配方及工艺不易控制，容易造成莫来石晶体更少，主要晶体成分为方石英，因而膨胀系数更大，从而造成瓷胎中的内应力更大，极大地影响了产品的性能及合格率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种原料易得、价格低廉、可保证产品性能指标的高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，通过添加剂并优化配方体系，实现颗粒弥散增韧增强，并原位形成低膨胀晶体及固熔体，从而有效提升长石质瓷的抗热震性能。本发明的另一目的在于提供一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
本发明提供的一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂；所述基料的组成为内蒙钾长石25～35wt％、法国Imerys高岭土20～35wt％、广西北海瓷土18～25wt％、熔融石英10～20wt％、磷铝石3～8wt％、蛇纹石1～5wt％；所述添加剂为钇稳定氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3％wt。
进一步地，本发明所述基料组成的优选方案为：内蒙钾长石25～35wt％、法国Imerys高岭土20～30wt％、广西北海瓷土18～25wt％、熔融石英10～15wt％、磷铝石3～8wt％、蛇纹石1～5wt％。
上述方案中，本发明所述钇稳定氧化锆微粉的细度为1～5μm，D90≤5μm；其钇含量为8moL％。
本发明的另一目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
本发明提供的一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将上述坯料组成挑选剔除着色有害物质后，首先将内蒙钾长石、广西瓷土、熔融石英、磷铝石、蛇纹石混合后进行一段球磨15～17h，然后再加入法国高岭土、添加剂混合后进行二段球磨3～4h，得到混料；
(2)所述混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
(3)所述泥料进行成型、施釉、烧成，即获得高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品。
进一步地，本发明制备方法所述步骤(3)中烧成温度为1280～1310℃，保温时间为20～40min，烧成总用时为12～13h。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明优化了配方体系，不仅满足了透光度要求，而且通过添加钇稳定氧化锆作为增强增韧剂，起到弥散增韧增强的作用，提高了瓷胎的强度和韧性(抗折强度达到90～105MP)，有助于提高瓷胎的热稳定性。
(2)本发明通过引入磷铝石和蛇纹石，利用其在瓷胎中原位生成的低膨胀堇青石晶体、以及磷铝石与游离石英反应生成的低膨胀固熔体，为保证产品热稳定性提供了前提保障，230～20℃一次急冷不裂。
(3)本发明原料易得、价格低廉，并实现了低温快烧，从而降低了原料成本，达到了节能减排目的，便于生产实施，有利于产业化推广和应用。
附图说明
下面将结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述：
图1是本发明实施例所制得高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品其断面的显微电镜扫描图(A为未腐蚀，B为腐蚀后)。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，包括基料和添加剂；其中，基料的组成为内蒙钾长石25～35wt％、法国Imerys高岭土20～35wt％、广西北海瓷土18～25wt％、熔融石英10～20wt％、磷铝石3～8wt％、蛇纹石1～5wt％；添加剂为钇含量为8moL％的钇稳定氧化锆微粉(细度为1～5μm，D90≤5μm)，其用量为基料的1～3％wt。
其中，内蒙钾长石、法国Imerys高岭土、广西北海瓷土的化学组成如表1所示。
表1本发明实施例内蒙钾长石、法国Imerys高岭土、广西北海瓷土的化学组成(wt％)
名称 K<sub>2</sub>O Na<sub>2</sub>O MgO CaO Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>2</sub> Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> TiO<sub>2</sub> IL
内蒙钾长石 12.74 1.37 0.05 0.11 16.31 69.1 0.06 0.02 0.24
法国Imerys高岭土 0.06 0.23 0.15 0.36 37.62 47.05 0.08 0.03 14.42
广西北海瓷土 0.36 0.42 0.01 0.62 34.52 50.85 0.01 \ 13.21
本发明各实施例的坯料组成如表2所示。
表2本发明实施例高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料的组成
Figure BDA0001773090470000031
*添加剂的用量为相对于基料。
本发明实施例一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法，其步骤如下：
(1)将上述坯料组成挑选剔除着色有害物质后，首先将内蒙钾长石、广西北海瓷土、熔融石英、磷铝石、蛇纹石混合后进行一段球磨15～17h，然后再加入法国Imerys高岭土、添加剂混合后进行二段球磨3～4h，得到混料；
(2)上述混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
(3)上述泥料进行成型、施釉后，在1280～1310℃温度下进行烧成，保温时间为20～40min，烧成总用时为12～13h，获得高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品。
本发明各实施例制备方法工艺参数如表3所示。
表3本发明实施例高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法工艺参数
Figure BDA0001773090470000032
本发明实施例制备得到的高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的性能指标如表4所示。
表4本发明实施例高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料产品的性能指标
Figure BDA0001773090470000041
如图1A所示，产品瓷胎的断面致密、气孔少；腐蚀后检测到柱状和针状的晶体(见图1B)，表明产品具有较高的强度、坯釉结合性好、热稳定性好。

Claims (3)

1.一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，其特征在于：包括基料和添加剂；所述基料的组成为内蒙钾长石25～35wt%、法国Imerys高岭土20～35wt%、广西北海瓷土18～25wt%、熔融石英10～20wt%、磷铝石3～8wt%、蛇纹石1～5wt%；所述添加剂为钇稳定氧化锆微粉，其用量为基料的1～3wt%；所述钇稳定氧化锆微粉的细度为1～5μm，D90≤5μm，钇含量为8 mol %。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高热稳定性长石质陶瓷坯料，其特征在于：所述基料的组成为内蒙钾长石25～35wt%、法国Imerys高岭土20～30wt%、广西北海瓷土18～25wt%、熔融石英10～15wt%、磷铝石3～8wt%、蛇纹石1～5wt%。
3.一种高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1) 将权利要求1或2所述坯料组成挑选剔除着色有害物质后，首先将内蒙钾长石、广西北海瓷土、熔融石英、磷铝石、蛇纹石混合后进行一段球磨15～17h，然后再加入法国Imerys高岭土、添加剂混合后进行二段球磨3～4h，而得到混料；
(2) 所述混料经脱水、真空练泥、陈腐后，得到泥料；
(3) 所述泥料进行成型、施釉，在1280～1310℃温度下烧成，保温时间为20～40min，烧成总用时为12～13h，即获得高热稳定性长石质陶瓷产品。
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