CN111990083A - Method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa - Google Patents
Method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN111990083A CN111990083A CN202010913988.6A CN202010913988A CN111990083A CN 111990083 A CN111990083 A CN 111990083A CN 202010913988 A CN202010913988 A CN 202010913988A CN 111990083 A CN111990083 A CN 111990083A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa, which comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating the rootstock; (2) cultivating scions; (3) grafting; (4) maintaining the fresh flowers; the pot flower of the paeonia suffruticosa obtained by the invention has small volume, the diameter of the pot mouth is less than or equal to 18CM, the pot depth is less than or equal to 26CM, and the weight is light. The peony and Chinese herbaceous peony seedlings are adopted as the stocks, and the standardization, the orderliness, the uniformity and the scale are achieved; the obtained pot flowers of the paeonia suffruticosa are small in size, are cultivated without soil, are light in weight, clean, sanitary and pollution-free, only one flower is opened in each pot, and are attractive and elegant, so that the ornamental value and the commodity value are improved; the peony in the kitchen can enter every family, foreign exchange at the export of the peony in the kitchen can be created, and a good foundation is created for standardization and scale production of peony potted flowers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a peony cultivation method, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating a Paeonia suffruticosa.
Background
Peony is a special flower in China, and is known as ' very beautiful ' in Chinese, king in flower ' and ' rich and noble ' flower; is a symbol of prosperity, prosperity and peace, is a traditional national flower in China, and is popular with nationwide nationalities; peony can be seen only in parks in a few cities, such as lotus, Luoyang and the like, but rarely in other cities; peony has 4000 years of history as an ornamental plant and more than 2000 years of history as a Chinese medicinal material, and almost accompanies the whole Chinese civilization history; however, the peonies are all cultivated in the dew, pot flower cultivation of the peonies is not needed, the peonies cannot be sold in pot flowers, and the Paeonia suffruticosa is more fresh and known; the table peony is miniature potted peony, and 1 flower in each pot; the peony and the peony seedlings are grafted and bloomed in the same year, and the mass production of bloomed flowers in all seasons can be realized according to market demands; the peony on the desk fills the blank at home and abroad, so that the peony in the country enters every family, and the desk with the tea table is arranged to serve people's cultural life.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the invention provides a method for cultivating the Paeonia javanica, which comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating the rootstock; (2) cultivating scions; (3) grafting; (4) and (5) growing and maintaining.
Preferably, the rootstocks in the rootstock cultivation in the step 1 are selected from peony seedlings.
Preferably, the method for cultivating the table peony with the tree stock as the peony seedling comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper peony seedlings, and culturing in a field for 1-3 years;
s2, selecting scion varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium-high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, wherein the scions are robust current-year shoots with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests which are cultured on plants of the variety bred in the step S2 and are used as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scions cultured in the S3 from the peony plants, wherein the length of the scions is 5-10 cm, the varieties are cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scions can be used along with cutting, long-time storage is not needed, and a freshness keeping mode is needed if the scions need to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, digging seedlings, digging out the seedlings cultured in S1 varieties from the underground, selecting the seedlings which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as stock, and selecting the stock with the specification d being more than or equal to 1.2cm-2.5 cm;
s9, sterilizing the seedlings, namely removing soil from the seedlings excavated in the S8, cleaning, sterilizing and removing epidermal water;
s10, cutting the rootstock, cutting the disinfected seedling S9 from the rootstock, and reserving the lower root of the rootstock as the rootstock;
s11, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S10, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
s12, grafting, namely, directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into a cut of the S11 rootstock to align cambium layers outside, and then tightly winding and fastening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope;
s13, potting, namely, potting the grafted seedlings grafted by the S12 in S4 to prepare a flowerpot, and potting with prepared soilless solid substrates to obtain the table peony.
Preferably, the stocks in the stock cultivation in the step 1 are selected from peony seed seedlings, and the specific steps of the method for cultivating the table peony with the peony seed seedlings as the stocks are consistent with the specific steps of the method for cultivating the table peony with the peony seedlings as the stocks.
Preferably, the stocks in the stock cultivation in the step 1 are selected from peony and peony seedlings;
preferably, the method for cultivating the Paeonia javanica with the rootstock as the container seedling specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper containers for peony and peony seedlings, and culturing for 1-3 years through the containers;
s2, selecting varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium and high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, namely culturing strong current-year branches with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests on the plants of the variety bred in the step S2 to serve as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scion cultured in the S3 from the Dan plant, wherein the length is 5cm-10cm, the variety needs to be cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scion can be used along with cutting, the scion does not need to be stored for a long time, and a freshness keeping mode needs to be added if the scion needs to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, cutting the rootstocks, directly stumping the ware seedlings in a container, and reserving the lower roots of the stems to be used as the rootstocks;
s9, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S8, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
and S10, grafting, namely directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into the cut of the S9 rootstock to align the cambium outside, and then winding and tightening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope to obtain the table-head peony.
Preferably, the potted brassica juncea is cultured by the following steps:
a1, watering, namely watering the potted Paeonia suffruticosa for the first time, and then watering according to the growth requirement;
a2, promoting root and healing, namely pouring A1 water on the Paeonia suffruticosa so that the root of the Paeonia suffruticosa can grow new roots and the interface can heal quickly, wherein the period generally needs 30 to 60 days and the temperature is 10 to 25 ℃;
a3, releasing dormancy at low temperature, putting the preserved Paeonia japonica in A2 into a low-temperature environment, treating at the low temperature of-5-10 ℃ for more than or equal to 15-45 days, and storing for a long time under the low-temperature condition, so as to prolong sleep and regulate flowering phase;
a4, flowering and maintaining, namely moving the low-temperature dormancy-released Paeonia japonica into a greenhouse prepared by S4 40-60 days in advance according to the flowering time required, enabling the Paeonia japonica to grow and flower, controlling the temperature to be 12-22 ℃, and regulating and controlling light, water and fertilizer to flower according to the preset time;
a5, packing the cultured Paeonia scholaris 1-7 days before flowering, and transferring the Paeonia scholaris which is not on the market temporarily into a low-temperature chamber for flowering period regulation.
Preferably, the scions in the steps S2 and S3 are current-year branches grown from short and medium-high ornamental peony or peony.
Preferably, in the step S4, the cultivating of the paeonia suffruticosa is performed by a soilless culture method, a nutrient solution fertilizer supply method or a slow release fertilizer supply method.
Preferably, the root-first and healing-promoting growth is performed in the step A2.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages and positive effects that the peony ornamental variety is grafted by using the peony and peony seed seedlings as the stocks after being cultivated in a field or in a container for 1-3 years, the grafting survival rate reaches over 90 percent, the peony ornamental variety blooms in the same year after being grafted in the same year, and the peony ornamental variety blooms in the same year after being subjected to temperature change treatment, and only 1 flower is opened in each pot, so that the cultivation age of the table peony is greatly shortened.
The pot flower of the Paeonia suffruticosa obtained by the invention has small volume, the diameter of the pot mouth is less than or equal to 18CM, the pot depth is less than or equal to 26CM, and the soilless culture weight is light; the nutrient solution and the slow-release solid fertilizer are used for fertilizing, and the fertilizer is clean, sanitary and pollution-free; compared with the prior common pot culture technology, the pot culture period of the Paeonia suffruticosa is short, annual flower supply can be realized, the quality is improved, the commodity value is improved, the light weight, dwarfing and early flowering of the Paeonia suffruticosa are realized, the Paeonia suffruticosa is large and colorful, the low cost, the large scale and the commercialization are realized, the large-scale production can be realized, the noble and luckiness Paeonia suffruticosa, the popularization of the large and colorful Paeonia suffruticosa in China into thousands of households becomes possible, and a better foundation is created for the potted Paeonia suffruticosa to become a large-.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
The embodiment provides a method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa, which comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating the rootstock; (2) cultivating scions; (3) grafting; (4) and (5) growing and maintaining.
Further, the rootstocks in the rootstock cultivation in the step 1 are selected from peony seedlings.
Further, the method for cultivating the table peony with the tree stock as the peony seedling concretely comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper peony seedlings, and culturing in a field for 1-3 years;
s2, selecting scion varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium-high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, wherein the scions are robust current-year shoots with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests which are cultured on plants of the variety bred in the step S2 and are used as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scion cultured in the S3 from the Dan plant, wherein the length is 5cm-10cm, the variety needs to be cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scion can be used along with cutting, the scion does not need to be stored for a long time, and a freshness keeping mode needs to be added if the scion needs to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, digging seedlings, digging out the seedlings cultured in S1 varieties from the underground, selecting the seedlings which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as stock, and selecting the stock with the specification d being more than or equal to 1.2cm-2.5 cm;
s9, sterilizing the seedlings, namely removing soil from the seedlings excavated in the S8, cleaning, sterilizing and removing epidermal water;
s10, cutting the rootstock, cutting the disinfected seedling S9 from the rootstock, and reserving the lower root of the rootstock as the rootstock;
s11, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S10, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
s12, grafting, namely, directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into a cut of the S11 rootstock to align cambium layers outside, and then tightly winding and fastening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope;
s13, potting, namely, potting the grafted seedlings grafted by the S12 in S4 to prepare a flowerpot, and potting with prepared soilless solid substrates to obtain the table peony.
Further, peony seed seedlings are selected from the stocks in the step 1, and the specific steps of the method for cultivating the Paeonia lactiflora Pallas with the peony seed seedlings as the stocks are consistent with the specific steps of the method for cultivating the Paeonia lactiflora Pallas with the peony seedlings as the stocks.
Further, the rootstocks in the rootstock cultivation in the step 1 are selected to be peony and peony seedlings;
further, the method for cultivating the Paeonia javanica with the rootstock as the container seedling specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper containers for peony and peony seedlings, and culturing for 1-3 years through the containers;
s2, selecting varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium and high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, namely culturing strong current-year branches with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests on the plants of the variety bred in the step S2 to serve as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scion cultured in the S3 from the Dan plant, wherein the length is 5cm-10cm, the variety needs to be cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scion can be used along with cutting, the scion does not need to be stored for a long time, and a freshness keeping mode needs to be added if the scion needs to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, cutting the rootstock, directly stumping and grafting the ware seedling in a container, and reserving the lower root of the stem to be used as the rootstock;
s9, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S8, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
and S10, grafting, namely directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into the cut of the S9 rootstock to align the cambium outside, and then winding and tightening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope to obtain the table-head peony.
Further, the potted paeonia suffruticosa needs to be cultured by the following steps:
a1, watering, namely watering the potted Paeonia suffruticosa for the first time, and then watering according to the growth requirement;
a2, promoting root and healing, namely pouring A1 water on the Paeonia suffruticosa so that the root of the Paeonia suffruticosa can grow new roots and the interface can heal quickly, wherein the period generally needs 30 to 60 days and the temperature is 10 to 25 ℃;
a3, releasing dormancy at low temperature, putting the preserved Paeonia japonica in A2 into a low-temperature environment, treating at the low temperature of-5-10 ℃ for more than or equal to 15-45 days, and storing for a long time under the low-temperature condition, so as to prolong sleep and regulate flowering phase;
a4, flowering and maintaining, namely moving the low-temperature dormancy-released Paeonia japonica into a greenhouse prepared by S4 40-60 days in advance according to the flowering time required, enabling the Paeonia japonica to grow and flower, controlling the temperature to be 12-22 ℃, and regulating and controlling light, water and fertilizer to flower according to the preset time;
a5, packing the cultured Paeonia scholaris 1-7 days before flowering, and transferring the Paeonia scholaris which is not on the market temporarily into a low-temperature chamber for flowering period regulation.
Further, the scions in the steps S2 and S3 are obtained from current-year branches grown from short-age and medium-high ornamental peony or peony.
In step S4, the paeonia suffruticosa is cultivated by a soilless culture method, a nutrient solution fertilizer supply method or a slow release fertilizer supply method.
Further, the root promoting and healing promoting growth is performed in the step A2.
The working principle of the device is that,
the cultivation method provided in the embodiment uses the peony and peony seed seedlings as the rootstocks through field cultivation or container cultivation for 1-3 years, the ornamental variety of the peony is grafted, the grafting survival rate is more than 90%, the grafted seedlings can 100% bloom normal flowers through pot cultivation, each plant can bloom only one, the grafting in the same year and the blooming in the same year are performed, the annual flower supply is achieved through temperature control treatment, and the cultivation period of the table peony is greatly shortened.
Compared with the prior common pot culture technology, the culture method of the potted flower of the paeonia suffruticosa has the advantages that the pot flower of the paeonia suffruticosa is small in size, the diameter of the pot mouth is smaller than or equal to 18CM, the pot depth is smaller than or equal to 26CM, the weight is light, the quality is improved, the commodity value is improved, the period of the paeonia suffruticosa is short, the flower supply is light in weight, short and small, early blossoming and large in color in the whole year, meanwhile, the low cost, large scale and commercialization are realized, the large-scale production can be realized, the wealthy, luckiness and large-color peonies can be popularized and enter thousands of households, and a good foundation is created for the pot culture of the peonies to become.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method for cultivating Paeonia javanica is characterized in that stocks are seedlings of Paeonia javanica and Paeonia lactiflora, and comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating the rootstock; (2) cultivating scions; (3) grafting; (4) and (5) growing and maintaining.
2. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rootstocks in the rootstock cultivation in step 1 are selected from peony seedlings.
3. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method for cultivating Paeonia javanica with the rootstock as a peony seedling comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper peony seedlings, and culturing in a field for 1-3 years;
s2, selecting scion varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium-high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, wherein the scions are robust current-year shoots with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests which are cultured on plants of the variety bred in the step S2 and are used as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scion cultured in the S3 from the Dan plant, wherein the length is 5cm-10cm, the variety needs to be cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scion can be used along with cutting, the scion does not need to be stored for a long time, and a freshness keeping mode needs to be added if the scion needs to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, digging seedlings, digging out the seedlings cultured in S1 varieties from the underground, selecting the seedlings which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as stock, and selecting the stock with the specification d being more than or equal to 1.2cm-2.5 cm;
s9, sterilizing the seedlings, namely removing soil from the seedlings excavated in the S8, cleaning, sterilizing and removing epidermal water;
s10, cutting the rootstock, cutting the disinfected seedling S9 from the rootstock, and reserving the lower root of the rootstock as the rootstock;
s11, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S10, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
s12, grafting, namely, directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into a cut of the S11 rootstock to align cambium layers outside, and then tightly winding and fastening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope;
s13, potting, namely, potting the grafted seedlings grafted by the S12 in S4 to prepare a flowerpot, and potting with prepared soilless solid substrates to obtain the table peony.
4. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stock in the stock cultivation in step 1 is selected from Paeonia lactiflora seed seedlings, and the specific steps of the method for cultivating Paeonia javanica with the Paeonia lactiflora seed seedlings as the stock are the same as those of the method for cultivating Paeonia javanica with the peony seedlings as the stock.
5. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stock in the stock cultivation in step 1 is selected from Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia lactiflora seedling.
6. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method for cultivating Paeonia javanica with the rootstock as a container seedling comprises the following steps:
s1, stock culture; selecting proper containers for peony and peony seedlings, and culturing for 1-3 years through the containers;
s2, selecting varieties, wherein the selected varieties are tree type dwarf varieties and medium and high type varieties and have the characteristics of large flowers, bright colors and easy flowering;
s3, culturing scions, namely culturing strong current-year branches with plump flower buds and no plant diseases and insect pests on the plants of the variety bred in the step S2 to serve as the scions;
s4, preparing materials, 1, preparing a solid soilless substrate; 2. preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material and a solid slow release fertilizer; 3. preparing a flowerpot with the caliber of 12cm-18cm and the depth of 15cm-26 cm; 4. preparing a cold storage for low-temperature treatment; 5. preparing a greenhouse or a greenhouse for production and maintenance;
s5, cutting the scion cultured in the S3 from the Dan plant, wherein the length is 5cm-10cm, the variety needs to be cut separately and placed separately to prevent mixing, the scion can be used along with cutting, the scion does not need to be stored for a long time, and a freshness keeping mode needs to be added if the scion needs to be stored;
s6, disinfecting the scions, namely disinfecting the scions cut off at the S5 to prevent germs and ova;
s7, cutting the scion, namely disinfecting the scion S5, removing surface water, cutting the scion into a wedge shape with a large surface and a small surface, wherein the length of the wedge shape is about 1.5cm-3.0cm, and the specific length and the specific size are different according to varieties;
s8, cutting the rootstocks, directly stumping the ware seedlings in a container, and reserving the lower roots of the stems to be used as the rootstocks;
s9, cutting the rootstocks, namely selecting one smooth and flat surface of the rootstocks in the S8, cutting the rootstocks by using a grafting knife, wherein the rootstocks deeply penetrate through the central part of the roots and have the length of about 1.5cm-3cm, and the length of the rootstocks is different according to varieties;
and S10, grafting, namely directly inserting the scion cut in the S7 into the cut of the S9 rootstock to align the cambium outside, and then winding and tightening the grafted part by using a twine or cotton rope to obtain the table-head peony.
7. The method for cultivating Paeonia achieving javanica as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4 or 6, wherein the potted Paeonia achieving javanica is further cultivated by the following steps:
a1, watering, namely watering the potted Paeonia suffruticosa for the first time, and then watering according to the growth requirement;
a2, promoting root and healing, namely pouring A1 water on the Paeonia suffruticosa so that the root of the Paeonia suffruticosa can grow new roots and the interface can heal quickly, wherein the period generally needs 30 to 60 days and the temperature is 10 to 25 ℃;
a3, releasing dormancy at low temperature, putting the preserved Paeonia japonica in A2 into a low-temperature environment, treating at the low temperature of-5-10 ℃ for more than or equal to 15-45 days, and storing for a long time under the low-temperature condition, so as to prolong sleep and regulate flowering phase;
a4, flowering and maintaining, namely moving the low-temperature dormancy-released Paeonia japonica into a greenhouse prepared by S4 40-60 days in advance according to the flowering time required, enabling the Paeonia japonica to grow and flower, controlling the temperature to be 12-22 ℃, and regulating and controlling light, water and fertilizer to flower according to the preset time;
a5, packing the cultured Paeonia scholaris 1-7 days before flowering, and transferring the Paeonia scholaris which is not on the market temporarily into a low-temperature chamber for flowering period regulation.
8. The method for cultivating Paeonia javanica as claimed in claim 3, wherein the scion in steps S2 and S3 is harvested from the current year branches of short and medium-high ornamental peony or peony.
9. The method for cultivating Paeonia difficile as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4 or 6, wherein in step S4, the Paeonia difficile is cultivated by soilless culture, nutrient solution fertilizer supply or slow release fertilizer supply.
10. The method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa as claimed in claim 7, wherein the root-promoting and healing-promoting growth is performed in step A2.
11. The method for cultivating paeonia suffruticosa as claimed in claim 7, wherein the low temperature thawing dormancy step in step A4 is performed to flower at a predetermined time.
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