CN111954596A - 制造由复合材料构成的罐盖的方法 - Google Patents

制造由复合材料构成的罐盖的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111954596A
CN111954596A CN201980021711.8A CN201980021711A CN111954596A CN 111954596 A CN111954596 A CN 111954596A CN 201980021711 A CN201980021711 A CN 201980021711A CN 111954596 A CN111954596 A CN 111954596A
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lid
preparation
plastic
light sources
group
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CN111954596B (zh
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G·A·皮耶
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Head Cover Holdings Ltd
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Head Cover Holdings Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • B29C65/46—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element heated by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/44—Making closures, e.g. caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/44—Making closures, e.g. caps
    • B21D51/46—Placing sealings or sealing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B29C33/06—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves, induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7422—Aluminium or alloys of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/7426—Tin or alloys of tin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D17/28—Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness
    • B65D17/34—Arrangement or construction of pull or lift tabs
    • B65D17/347—Arrangement or construction of pull or lift tabs characterised by the connection between the tab and a detachable member or portion of the container
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
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    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
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    • B65D2517/0001—Details
    • B65D2517/0031—Reclosable openings
    • B65D2517/0032—Reclosable openings the tab reclosing the opening
    • B65D2517/0035—Reclosable openings the tab reclosing the opening the tab and torn out panel together closing the opening, e.g. by sliding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造由复合材料构成的罐盖的方法，所述罐盖包括：特别是铝部件或镀锡铁片部件的至少一个金属片部件；以及特别是由聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯组成的至少一个塑料部件，其中，所述塑料部件和所述金属片部件通过压制在一起并通过感应加热而接合在一起以通过尽可能少的精力和短的生产时间来建立稳定连接。

Description

制造由复合材料构成的罐盖的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种罐盖的制造方法，该罐盖由复合材料构成，并且包括特别是铝部件或镀锡铁片部件的至少一个金属片部件，以及特别是聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯构成的至少一个塑料部件。
背景技术
用于饮料罐的罐盖通常具有开口部分，该开口部分通过弱化线与其余的罐盖分开，并且该开口部分可以通过紧固到其上的拉动构件从端面移出以打开罐。在这方面，开口部分可以移动到罐中或者可以向上移动。还已知有可再封闭的罐盖，其中，连接到固定端面并围绕开口区域的塑料材料的密封框架连接至围绕开口区域的金属端部区域。连接至罐盖的可以枢转打开的金属开口部分的封闭单元与密封框架配合。密封框架和封闭单元优选地由塑料制成，并且罐盖由铝或镀锡铁片制成。食品罐也使用类似的罐盖。还已知在开口部分和固定罐区域之间设置微间隙而不是弱化线。在这种情况下，罐盖向内覆盖有塑料膜从而以密封方式覆盖微间隙。塑料膜在罐盖的开口上也被拉开，为此，塑料膜同样可以设置有弱化线。
发明内容
本发明的基本目的是提供一种制造这种罐盖的方法，该方法尽可能简单和便宜。
通过将塑料部件和金属片部件压在一起并且通过感应加热将塑料部件和金属片部件接合在一起，可以实现该目的。
塑料部件通过感应加热部分熔化，从而利用材料连续性连接到金属片部件。感应加热在此具有的优点在于，仅金属片部件被直接加热，因为由于感应仅在金属片熔融部件中会产生涡流。相反，塑料部件被金属部件间接加热，由此塑料部件的与金属片部件接触的侧面特别地部分熔化。
在接合之前，优选将金属片部件和/或塑料部件涂覆有粘结剂。由此可以提高接合连接的稳定性。
粘合剂优选包括与要连接到金属片部件的塑料部件相同的塑料。由此产生特别良好的粘附力，并因此导致特别牢固的接合连接。
特别优选地，将完全成型的金属片罐盖元件与具有合适形状的塑料膜、特别是热成形的塑料膜接合在一起。由此也实现了特别牢固的连接。另外，由于不需要在接合过程中塑料部件的匹配变形，因此可以用相对较少的精力来建立接合连接。
为了制造可重新封闭的罐盖，根据本发明的另一实施例，罐盖元件在其一侧与塑料膜接合，并且在其另一侧与封闭元件连接，该封闭元件覆盖罐盖的开口区域并且包括密封框架和可枢转打开的封闭单元，该封闭单元特别地包括注模塑料，特别是聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。这两个接合过程优选地在一个工作步骤中进行。由此可以特别快速且简单地进行接合过程。由于罐盖的金属片部件仅需加热一次，因此可进一步节省能源。
根据本发明的优选实施例，压制机用于接合过程，该压制机具有顶部工具和底部工具以及中空导体，该中空导体用于将电磁交变场供应到罐盖的区域中以对其进行感应加热，顶部工具具有与罐盖的一侧互补的形状，而底部工具具有与罐盖的另一侧互补的形状。使用这样的设备可以建立特别好的接合连接。通过压制机将要连接的部件压制在一起，使它们紧密接触。电磁交变场通过中空导体传导到罐盖的区域中，并加热金属板部件，该金属板的热量又导致与金属板件接触的塑料部分熔化。
中空导体特别优选地具有：与罐盖的接合区域相对地布置的多个环形或螺旋形部分，特别是在罐盖的边缘区域中的环形区域；和在中间区域具有两个、三个或更多绕组的螺旋线区域。特别是在由于中空导体的分开的环形区域的临界边缘区域中，通过这种设计可以实现金属板片部件的有利的加热。
根据本发明的另一有利的实施方式，位于中空导体的侧面处的工具包括形状稳定的材料，尤其是塑料，并且相对设置的工具包括弹性材料，尤其是弹性体材料。安全保护中空导体，使其免受形状稳定的材料在中空导体的侧面可能产生的作用力。另一方面，在相对设置侧上的弹性材料能够补偿生产公差，从而在将部件压制在一起时不会产生太大的力。
形状稳定的工具优选地与塑料膜相关联。可以附加地优选地设置有肋部，以在接合过程中将弱化线引入塑料膜中。由此可以节省制造罐盖的工作步骤。
根据本发明的同样优选的实施方式，待接合的部件在接合过程中通过真空保持在一起。由此可以确保精确的配合接合。另外，产生了有利的通气，该通风防止了封闭气泡在塑料材料和金属板件之间。通过在开口部分和固定端部区域之间具有微间隙的罐盖，通气可以作用在端部的两侧。
对于没有微间隙的罐盖的制造，特别有利的是为至少一个工具提供凹口以产生形成为接收可能的封闭空气的自由空间。这样的凹口可以优选地设置在封闭的气泡不会破坏的那些区域中，例如在与端部边缘和开口区域具有足够的间隔的中间区域中。
根据本发明的另一实施例，旋转分度台用于将罐盖的各个元件放置在一起以进行接合过程。因此可以实现在接合期间使用的压制机的有利的装备。
根据一种优选的改进方案，旋转分度台具有用于至少一个充电站的真空供给，其中各个站的真空供给通过由圆形分配器致动的阀进行。关于真空的分布，这是特别有利的。
附图说明
在附图中示出了本发明的实施例，并且下面将对其进行描述。分别示意性示出：
图1是用于根据本发明的方法的压制机的剖视透视图；
图2是根据本发明的压制机的一部分的截面侧视图；
图3是在图1的装置中使用的感应器的透视图；
图4是图3的感应器的侧视图；
图5是图3的感应器的平面图；
图6是罐盖的平面图；
图7是穿过图6的罐盖的剖视图；
图8是图7的细节B；
图9是图7的细节C；和
图10的图7的细节D。
具体实施方式
图1所示的压制机1包括下部机架2和相对于下部机架可移动的上部按压部件3，以及用于在压制机的打开和关闭时引导上部按压部件3的导向缸4。底部工具5设置在下部机架2的上侧处，并且顶部工具6设置在上部按压部件3的下侧处。底部工具5包括弹性体材料，并且具有用于容纳罐盖9的封闭元件18(见图6)的腔7。另一方面，底部工具5复制了罐盖9的上侧的形状。顶部工具6包括形状基本稳定的塑料，并复制了罐盖9的下侧。
感应器10布置在压制机的区域中。用于提供电磁交变场的中空导体11从感应器10开始被引导到顶部工具6的区域中。特别是如图3至5可见，特别是由铜构成的中空导体被成形为形成外环12和布置在该环内并具有多个绕组的螺旋线13。特别是如图2中可见，外环12和螺旋线13布置在顶部工具6的上方。由此，外环12和螺旋线13与要接合的罐盖9的表面相对。铜中空导体11尤其是水冷的。
在图6至9中所示的罐盖9包括由金属片、尤其是铝板或镀锡铁片构成的基体14。基体14包括固定的金属端部区域15和可向上枢转的开口部分16，以释放开口区域8。特别是如在图8和9中可见，罐盖9的下侧层压有塑料膜17。相反，在罐盖9的上侧布置有包括密封框架19和封闭单元20的封闭元件。密封框架19连接至固定端部区域15，并且封闭单元20连接至可向上枢转的开口部分16。
根据本发明的方法可以用于制造图6至图9所示的罐盖9，同时使用图1至图4所示的装置。为此，将特别是在深冲过程中以一件式制造的封闭元件18放置在底部工具5中，使得面向罐盖9的一侧面向上。将先前已经在其下侧上施加了塑料膜17的基体14放置在封闭元件18上。然后闭合压制机1并接通感应加热装置10。
金属基体14通过所提供的能量被加热，因为在其中产生电磁涡流。加热的基体14继而加热塑料膜17和封闭元件18，从而塑料膜17和封闭元件18部分地熔化。由此，一方面在金属基体14和塑料膜17之间以及另一方面在金属基体14和封闭元件18之间形成塑料焊接连接，其中优选使用粘接剂来改善塑料焊接连接。在此，粘合剂可以包括与用于塑料膜17或用于封闭元件18的相同的塑料。在此，其尤其可以是聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
顶部工具6另外可以具有在此不能识别的肋部，并且在压制和接合过程中通过肋部将弱化线引入到塑料膜17中。另外，可以在顶部工具6中设置凹口，以在塑料膜17和金属基体14之间产生自由空间。由此，可以在罐盖9的预定区域中，特别是在其中气泡不会破坏的区域(诸如在罐盖的边缘与其开口区域8之间的区域)中收集封闭的空气。另外地或可替代地，压制机1可以设置有真空供给装置，该真空供给装置一方面将待接合的部件保持在一起，另一方面可以至少在很大程度上防止空气封闭。对于在固定端部区域15和可枢转打开的开口部分16之间具有微间隙的罐盖，这适用于罐盖的两侧。
可以提供用于装备压制机1的旋转分度台，该旋转分度台具有用于将罐盖的各个部件放置在一起的多个站。但是，也可以为压制机1提供线性供应，以代替旋转分度台。
在将塑料膜17和封闭元件18焊接到金属基体14上之后，打开压制机并且取出完成的罐盖9。
附图标记列表
1 压制机
2 下部机架
3 上部按压部件
4 导向缸
5 底部工具
6 顶部工具
7 腔
8 开口区域
9 罐盖
10 感应器
11 中空导体
12 外环
13 螺旋线
14 基体
15 固定端部区域
16 开口部分
17 塑料膜
18 封闭元件
19 密封框架
20 封闭单元。

Claims (15)

1.一种制造由复合材料构成的罐盖(9)的方法，所述罐盖包括：至少一个金属片部件(14)，其特别是铝部件或镀锡铁片部件；以及至少一个塑料部件(17、18)，其特别是由聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯组成，
其特征在于，
所述塑料部件(17、18)和所述金属片部件(14)通过压制在一起并通过感应加热而接合在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，
其特征在于，
在所述接合之前，所述金属片部件(14)和/或所述塑料部件(17、18)涂覆有粘合剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，
其特征在于，
所述粘合剂包括与要连接到金属片部件(14)的所述塑料部件(17、18)相同的塑料。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，
其特征在于，
将由金属片制成的完全成型的罐盖部件(14)与具有匹配形状的塑料膜(17)、特别是热成型的塑料膜接合在一起。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，
其特征在于，
所述罐盖部件(14)在其一侧与所述塑料膜(17)接合，并且在其另一侧与封闭元件(18)接合，所述封闭元件覆盖所述罐盖(9)的开口区域并且特别地由注模塑料、特别是聚丙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯组成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，
其特征在于，
两个接合过程都在一个工作步骤中进行。
7.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，
其特征在于，
将压制机(1)用于所述接合过程，所述压制机具有顶部工具(6)和底部工具(5)以及用于向所述罐盖(9)的区域提供电磁交变场以对所述罐盖感应加热的中空导体(11)，其中，所述顶部工具(6)具有与所述罐盖(9)的一侧互补的形状，而底部工具具有与罐盖(9)的另一侧互补的形状。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，
其特征在于，
所述中空导体(11)包括：与要接合的所述罐盖(9)的接收区域相对设置的部分，特别是在罐盖(9)的边缘区域中的环形区域(12)；以及设置在所述环形区域(12)内并在所述罐盖(9)的中间区域具有两个、三个或更多绕组的螺旋线区域(13)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，
其特征在于，
位于所述中空导体(11)的侧面的所述工具(6)包括形状稳定的材料，尤其是塑料，并且相对设置的工具(5)包括弹性材料，尤其是弹性体材料。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，
其特征在于，
形状稳定的工具(6)与所述塑料膜(17)相关联。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，
其特征在于，
与塑料膜(17)相关联的工具(6)具有肋部，用于在所述接合过程中将弱化线引入所述塑料膜(17)中。
12.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，
其特征在于，
所述工具(5、6)中的至少一者具有用于产生自由空间以容纳可能的封闭空气的凹口。
13.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，
其特征在于，
在接合过程中，要接合的部件(14、17、18)通过真空被保持在一起。
14.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，
其特征在于，
旋转分度台用于将所述罐盖(9)的各个组件(14、17、18)接合在一起，以进行接合过程。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，
其特征在于，
所述旋转分度台具有用于至少一个充电站的真空供给装置，各个站的所述真空供给装置能够通过由圆形分配器提供真空的阀来打开和关闭。
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