CN111869894A

CN111869894A - Vertical green walnut peeling machine

Info

Publication number: CN111869894A
Application number: CN202010664648.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨忠强; 王庆惠; 闫圣坤; 崔宽波; 孙俪娜; 阿布里孜·巴斯提; 朱占江; 刘�英
Original assignee: Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-07-11
Filing date: 2020-07-11
Publication date: 2020-11-03

Abstract

The vertical green walnut peeling machine consists of a frame body device, a knife rest device, a gap adjusting device, a scrubbing brush and a balance adjusting device, wherein the knife rest device comprises a blade mounting disc, a U-shaped blade is fixed on the blade mounting disc, and the blade mounting disc is driven by a motor reducer; a cylindrical machine body is connected with the frame and positioned above the blade mounting disc, a feed hopper is arranged at the upper part of the machine body, an opening connecting discharge port is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the machine body, and a material guide plate is arranged at one side of the machine body close to the discharge port; the upper part of the machine body is connected with the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device, the rotation of the blade mounting disc below the machine body and the relative motion formed by the scrubbing brush form cutting and extrusion of green walnuts entering between the blade mounting disc and the scrubbing brush, and therefore the task of removing the green husks of walnuts is completed. According to the invention, the green husk removing mode of combining the U-shaped blade and the scrubbing brush is used for removing the green husks of the walnuts, so that the green husk removing rate is high, and the walnut crushing rate is low.

Description

Vertical green walnut peeling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of walnut primary processing, in particular to a machine for continuously peeling green walnuts, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background

Because the harvesting period of the walnuts is relatively centralized and the seasonality is short, after the walnut fruits are harvested, the outer green peel must be removed as soon as possible to keep the surface of the walnut hard shell clean, otherwise the walnut kernels can mildew, and the internal quality of the walnuts is seriously affected. At present, most of farmers and walnut green husk removing and processing households in walnut producing areas in China use manual cutting or beating with sticks to remove green husks, the production efficiency is low, the cost is high, the labor intensity is high, the green husks are not separated thoroughly, the grade of walnuts is reduced, and mechanical peeling is a key way for walnut industrialization development.

Recent chinese patents are: a walnut green husk removing and cleaning machine (patent number: 201020550637.5) adopts a drum-type wire brush to brush green husks and utilizes pressure water to clean the green husks. Before use, the distance between the bottom surface of the steel wire brush roll and the bottom surface of the grid roller needs to be adjusted to be matched with the size of walnuts, otherwise, the walnuts with smaller shapes are not easy to peel, and the walnuts with larger shapes are easy to damage; too high speed of the rotating part can also increase the damage of walnuts, the production rate is limited by the diameter of the roller, the threshing rate is also limited by the axial length of the wire brush, and the like.

There is another green walnut huller (patent No. 201220160189.7) which adopts a roller type blade cutting method to perform hulling and uses a water spray pipe to perform cleaning. A certain gap is formed between the peeler provided with the blade and the roller grid bar, but the gap is not adjustable, and the extrusion force applied to the walnuts is adjusted through a spring. The walnuts with larger sizes can not enter the peeling area, and the walnuts with smaller sizes are not easy to peel due to small extrusion force, so that the peeling rate is reduced.

Because the Chinese walnuts have various varieties, irregular shapes, large difference of the appearance sizes, large difference of the thickness and the strength of the walnut shells and different maturity of the harvested walnuts, the peeling effect of the walnut mechanical peeling process is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vertical green walnut peeling machine which is reasonable in structure, high in reliability, strong in adaptability and low in cost, can be matched with complete equipment for batch production, can conveniently adjust the clearance of a peeling space and adjust the angle balance of the peeling space (the angle between a scrubbing brush and a knife rest mounting plate surface), and can realize the extrusion cutting process of green walnuts from large to small for 2 times.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: vertical blue or green walnut decorticator comprises frame organism device, knife rest device, clearance adjustment device and scrubbing brush and balance adjustment device, its characterized in that: the machine frame body device is characterized in that a machine frame is provided with a knife rest device, the knife rest device comprises a blade mounting disc, a U-shaped blade is fixed on the blade mounting disc, and the blade mounting disc is driven by a motor reducer; a cylindrical machine body is connected with the frame and positioned above the blade mounting disc, a feed hopper is arranged at the upper part of the machine body, an opening connecting discharge port is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the machine body, and a material guide plate is arranged at one side of the machine body close to the discharge port; the upper part of the machine body is connected with a scrubbing brush and a balance adjusting device, the rotation of the blade mounting disc below the machine body and the relative motion formed by the scrubbing brush form cutting and extrusion of the green walnuts entering between the blade mounting disc and the scrubbing brush, so that the task of removing the green husks of the walnuts is completed, and the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device are adjusted by the gap adjusting device at the position of the machine body, so that the gap adjustment between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is realized, and the processing of the green walnuts of various specifications and sizes is adapted.

The object of the invention is also achieved in that: the machine body is provided with a water spray pipe, the blade mounting disc is provided with a through hole, and an impurity outlet is fixed on the machine frame below the blade mounting disc, so that a chip impurity spraying and removing system in the machining process is formed.

The central part of the machine body is provided with a material blocking device for preventing the green walnuts from entering the central scrubbing-free area.

The machine body is also provided with a material distribution device for spreading the green walnuts entering the machine body.

The distributing device is composed of a distributing mounting plate, a distributing plate and a bolt butterfly female assembly, two strip holes are formed in the distributing mounting plate and the distributing plate, and the bolt butterfly female assembly is used for assembling the distributing device with adjustable height so as to adapt to green walnuts with different sizes and specifications.

The U-shaped blade is fixedly mounted on the blade mounting disc at an angle of 45 degrees to the diametrical line of the blade mounting disc.

The clearance adjusting device comprises an adjusting circular ring plate sleeved at the upper part of the machine body, and a section of arc-shaped rack is fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting circular ring plate; a plurality of guide rail plate sheets are connected to the outer wall of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate so as to form a track for restricting the rotation of the adjusting circular ring plate on the machine body; the outer walls of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate are respectively connected with an adjusting bearing mounting plate for mounting an adjusting shaft, an adjusting gear is fixed on the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting gear is meshed with an arc-shaped rack on the outer wall of the adjusting circular ring plate; an adjusting handle and a locking rod are mounted at the upper end of the adjusting shaft, a locking toothed plate is connected to the machine body, the locking rod is supported by a spring, the rotatable handle is tightly held by hands to rotate the adjusting gear to adjust the gap, and the locking rod is clamped into the locking toothed plate to lock the adjusting shaft under the action of the supporting force of the spring after the locking rod is released; two inclined strip holes are formed in the adjusting circular ring plate, two vertical strip holes are also formed in the corresponding position of the machine body, the two ends of a lifting shaft connected with the scrubbing brush mounting frame are inserted into the inclined strip holes of the adjusting circular ring plate and the vertical strip holes in the machine body, when the adjusting circular ring plate rotates along a track on the machine body, the lifting shaft rises or falls along the vertical strip holes in the machine body to drive the scrubbing brush mounting frame and the scrubbing brush to rise or fall, and therefore gap adjustment between the scrubbing brush and a blade mounting disc below the scrubbing brush is achieved.

The adjusting circular plate is an open circular plate, and the inner diameter of the circular plate is changed by adjusting the size of the opening so as to adjust the gap between the adjusting circular plate and the machine body.

The scrubbing brush and balance adjusting device comprises two groups of sector scrubbing brush mounting frames and a scrubbing brush, wherein the scrubbing brush mounting frames are movably mounted on a lifting shaft; a balance adjuster mounting plate is fixed on the machine body, the scrubbing brush mounting frame is connected with the balance adjusters through adjusting pull rods, the inner sides of the two balance adjusters are connected with a synchronizing shaft through a coupler, and the outer sides of the two balance adjusters are connected with a hand wheel through the coupler.

The balance adjuster adopts a screw rod lifter, a worm of the screw rod lifter is driven to rotate through rotation of a hand wheel, a worm wheel is driven to rotate, a push rod is meshed with the worm wheel through a lead screw, the worm wheel rotates to push the push rod to advance or retreat, pushing or pulling of the adjusting pull rod is achieved, and therefore the scrubbing brush mounting frame is driven to rotate by a certain angle around the lifting shaft and keep balance.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the green husk removing method for the walnut adopts the green husk removing mode combining the U-shaped blade and the scrubbing brush to remove the green husks of the walnut, the U-shaped blade only damages the green husks of the walnut to promote the green husks to break in the peeling process, and then the green husks are removed under the combing and squeezing pressure of the scrubbing brush, so that the green husk removing rate is high, and the walnut breaking rate is low.

2) A fan-shaped peeling channel is formed between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc provided with the U-shaped blade, green walnuts with the structure fall onto the blade mounting disc from the feed hopper, a layer of green walnuts are flatly paved by the material distribution device, the green walnuts are forced to rotate and brought into the peeling channel by the blade mounting disc, green husks are removed by shearing of the U-shaped blade and mutual extrusion and rubbing of the U-shaped blade and the scrubbing brush, then the green husked walnuts are discharged from the discharge port by the guide plate, the width and the stroke of the peeling channel are determined by the diameter of the blade mounting disc, the width is wide, the stroke is long, and the peeling rate is high; the width of the channel and the rotational speed of the blade mounting disc determine the productivity, the channel width is wide, the productivity is high, the rotational speed of the blade mounting disc is high, and the productivity is high.

3) The fan-shaped peeling channel gap between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc can be adjusted. The adjusting gear is controlled to rotate by the adjusting handle and the locking rod of the gap adjusting device, the arc-shaped rack meshed with the adjusting gear rotates to drive the adjusting ring plate to rotate, and the lifting shaft is driven to ascend or descend, so that the gap between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is controlled to be enlarged or reduced, and the walnut peeling machine is suitable for peeling off green husks of walnuts with different sizes and specifications. After the clearance is adjusted in place, the adjusting gear is locked by clamping the locking rod on the locking handle and the locking rod into the tooth mouth of the locking toothed plate.

4) The angle of inclination between the scrubber and the blade mounting disc can also be adjusted. By rotating the hand wheel, the extension or the shortening of the push rod on the balance adjuster is driven, so that the adjusting pull rod is pushed or stretched, the angle between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is controlled, and the scrubbing brush keeps balance, so that green walnuts smoothly enter the space between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc to finish extruding, kneading and cutting operations, green husks of walnuts in the same batch with different sizes can be smoothly peeled, and the walnut crushing rate after peeling is reduced.

5) Through the height adjustment of the distributing device, the green walnuts with corresponding specifications fall onto the blade mounting disc, so that the green walnuts are tiled to form a layer, the green walnuts are prevented from being accumulated and interfered with each other, the green walnuts sequentially and orderly enter the fan-shaped peeling channel, the peeling rate is improved, and the crushing rate is reduced.

6) Each group of U-shaped blades on the blade mounting disc is obliquely and parallelly arranged, each group is uniformly distributed on the blade mounting disc at a certain angle, in the peeling process, the blade mounting disc forcibly brings the green walnuts into the peeling channel, and under the mutual extrusion, shearing and friction of the scrubbing brush and the blades, the blades scratch the green husks of the walnuts to form a plurality of cracks, so that the foundation is laid for the scrubbing brush to easily brush the green husks of the walnuts, and the peeling rate is high.

7) Two sets of scrubbing brushes and blade installation disc are designed into two sets of fan-shaped peeling channels, so that the peeling stroke is increased, the clearance between the two sets of scrubbing brushes and the blade installation disc is synchronously increased and decreased under the regulation of the two sets of balance regulators, the peeling rate is further improved, and the walnut crushing rate is reduced.

8) In the peeling process, a water spray pipe is arranged at the lower opening of the feed hopper and sprays, so that the lubricating effect can be achieved in the peeling process, the breaking rate is reduced, impurities such as green peel crushed slag on the U-shaped blade and the blade mounting disc can be cleaned in time, the adhesion of the impurities such as the green peel on the U-shaped blade and the blade mounting disc is prevented, and the impurities such as the green peel crushed slag are discharged through an impurity outlet through the long round holes in the blade mounting disc.

9) The invention can realize continuous production, has high production rate, is suitable for large-scale processing, and realizes the processing and transformation of walnuts in planting production areas.

10) The green walnut shelling machine has the advantages of compact mechanical structure, convenience in adjustment, high shelling rate and low crushing rate, and the processing cost of green walnuts is greatly reduced.

11) The invention reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves the sanitary condition and improves the appearance quality and the internal quality of the walnut products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view (partially cut-away body) of FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of FIG. 1

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a guide plate, a feed hopper, a distribution device and a spray pipe

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a mounting position of the gap adjusting means

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a scrub brush adjustment apparatus

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a scrubber structure

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection between the scrubber and the scrubber mounting bracket

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a U-shaped blade and blade mounting disk configuration

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a gap adjustment device

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of the material stop device, the material guide plate, the material distribution device and the water spray pipe

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the adjusting ring plate (in the figure, the adjusting bearing mounting plate 8 and the guide plate 35 are both connected to the machine body 3 and specially drawn together for showing the position relationship between the adjusting ring plate)

Figure 14 is a schematic view of a locking tooth plate

FIG. 15 is a guide rail panel drawing

Detailed Description

Legend: the device comprises a feed hopper 1, an adjusting circular ring plate 2, a machine body 3, a discharge hole 4, an impurity outlet 5, a motor reducer 6, a machine frame 7, an adjusting bearing mounting plate 8, an adjusting bearing 9, an arc-shaped rack 10, an adjusting shaft 11, an adjusting gear 12, a locking toothed plate 13, an adjusting handle and locking rod 14, a flange 15, a balance adjuster mounting plate 16, a material blocking device 17, a scrubbing brush mounting frame 18, a scrubbing brush 19 (a steel wire 19-1 and a bottom plate 19-2), a transmission shaft 20, a transmission shaft bearing mounting plate 21, a reducer fixing device 22, a hand wheel 23, a coupler 24, a balance adjuster 25, an adjusting pull rod 26, a synchronizing shaft 27, a water spray pipe 28, a lifting shaft 29, a material guide plate 30, a material distribution mounting plate 31, a material distribution plate 32, a blade mounting disc 33, a U-shaped blade 34 and.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the vertical green walnut peeling machine of the invention is composed of a frame body device, a knife rest device, a gap adjusting device, a scrubbing brush and a balance adjusting device, and is characterized in that: the rack body device is characterized in that a rack device is arranged on a rack 7 and comprises a blade mounting disc 33, a U-shaped blade 34 is fixed on the blade mounting disc, and the blade mounting disc is driven by a motor reducer 6; a cylindrical machine body 3 is connected with the machine frame and positioned on the blade mounting disc 33, a feed hopper 1 is arranged at the upper part of the machine body 3, an opening connecting discharge port 4 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the machine body 3, and a material guide plate 30 is arranged at one side of the machine body 3 close to the discharge port 4; the upper part of the machine body 3 is connected with a scrubbing brush and a balance adjusting device, the rotation of the blade mounting disc 33 below the machine body 3 and the relative motion formed by the scrubbing brush 19 form cutting and extrusion of green walnuts entering between the blade mounting disc 33 and the scrubbing brush 19, so as to complete the task of removing the green husks of the walnuts, and the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device are adjusted by the clearance adjusting device at the position of the machine body, so that the clearance adjustment between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is realized, and the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device are suitable for processing green walnuts of various specifications and sizes.

Referring to fig. 4, 5, 6, 12, in fig. 12, Q represents a walnut without green husk removed, and H represents a walnut with green husk removed. The machine body 3 is provided with a water spraying pipe 28, the blade mounting disc 33 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole, and the machine frame 7 below the blade mounting disc 33 is fixed with an impurity outlet 5, so that a chip impurity spraying and removing system in the machining process is formed.

Referring to fig. 2 and 12, a material blocking device 17 is arranged in the center of the machine body 3 for preventing the green walnuts from entering the central scrubbing-free area.

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 12, the machine body 3 is further provided with a distributing device for spreading out the green walnuts entering the machine body. The distributing device comprises a distributing mounting plate 31, a distributing plate 32 and a bolt butterfly female assembly, wherein two strip holes are formed in the distributing mounting plate and the distributing plate, and the bolt butterfly female assembly is used for assembling the distributing device with adjustable height so as to adapt to green walnuts with different sizes.

Referring to fig. 7, 10 and 12, the U-shaped blade 34 is fixedly mounted on the blade mounting disk at an angle of 45 degrees to the diametrical line of the blade mounting disk 33.

Referring to fig. 1, 6, 11, 13, 14 and 15, the gap adjusting device includes an adjusting ring plate 2 sleeved on the upper portion of a machine body 3, and an arc-shaped rack 10 is fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting ring plate 2; a plurality of guide rail plate pieces 35 are connected to the outer wall of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate 2 so as to form a track for restricting the rotation of the adjusting circular ring plate 2 on the machine body; the outer walls of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate 2 are respectively connected with an adjusting bearing mounting plate 8 for mounting an adjusting shaft 11, an adjusting gear 12 is fixed on the adjusting shaft 11, and the adjusting gear 12 is meshed with an arc-shaped rack 10 on the outer wall of the adjusting circular ring plate 2; an adjusting handle and a locking rod 14 are mounted at the upper end of the adjusting shaft 11, a locking toothed plate 13 is connected to the machine body 3, the locking rod is supported by a spring, the adjusting handle and the locking rod 14 are tightly held by hand to rotate the adjusting gear 12 to adjust the gap, and after the locking rod is released, the locking rod is clamped into the tooth mouth of the locking toothed plate 13 to lock the adjusting shaft under the action of the supporting force of the spring; two inclined strip holes are formed in the adjusting circular ring plate 2, two vertical strip holes are also formed in the corresponding position of the machine body, two ends of a lifting shaft 29 connected with the scrubbing brush mounting frame 18 are inserted into the inclined strip holes of the adjusting circular ring plate 2 and the vertical strip holes in the machine body 3, when the adjusting circular ring plate 2 rotates along a track on the machine body 3, the lifting shaft 29 rises or falls along the vertical strip holes in the machine body 3 to drive the scrubbing brush mounting frame 18 and the scrubbing brush 19 to rise or fall, and therefore gap adjustment between the scrubbing brush 19 and the blade mounting disc 33 below is achieved. The adjusting ring plate 2 is an open ring plate, and the inner diameter of the ring plate is changed by adjusting the size of the opening so as to adjust the gap between the adjusting ring plate and the machine body 3.

Referring to fig. 3, 6, 7-9, the scrubbing brush and balance adjustment apparatus includes two sets of sector-shaped scrubbing brush mounting brackets 18 and the scrubbing brush 19, the scrubbing brush mounting brackets 18 are movably mounted on the lifting shaft 29; a balance adjuster mounting plate 16 is fixed on the machine body 3, the scrubbing brush mounting frame 18 is connected with a balance adjuster 25 through an adjusting pull rod 26, the inner sides of the two balance adjusters 25 are connected together through a coupler 24 and a synchronizing shaft 27, and the outer sides of the two balance adjusters 25 are connected with a hand wheel 23 through a coupler.

The balance adjuster 25 adopts a screw rod lifter, a worm of the screw rod lifter is driven to rotate through rotation of the hand wheel 23, a worm wheel is driven to rotate, a push rod is meshed with the worm wheel, the worm wheel rotates to push the push rod to move forward or backward, pushing or pulling of the adjusting pull rod 26 is achieved, and therefore the scrubbing brush mounting frame 18 is driven to rotate for a certain angle around the lifting shaft 29 and keep balance.

Specific example 1:

a transmission shaft bearing mounting plate 21 is arranged on a frame 7, the bearing is fixed on the transmission shaft bearing mounting plate, a transmission shaft 20 is fixed on the bearing, a reducer fixing device 22 is arranged below the frame and used for fixing a motor reducer 6, power is transmitted to a flange 15 through the transmission shaft, the flange 15 is connected with a blade mounting disc 33, a U-shaped blade 34 is arranged on the blade mounting disc 33, a group of U-shaped blades are obliquely and parallelly arranged with the diameter line direction of the disc, a circular turntable provided with a plurality of U-shaped blades and long holes is integrally formed, a feed hopper 1 is arranged above the blade mounting disc 33, a spray pipe 28 and a distributing plate 32 are arranged at the feed hopper, the distributing plate 32 is arranged on the distributing mounting plate 31, the spray pipe is arranged on a material blocking device 17 and the material guide plate 30, the side of the feed hopper is provided with the material guide plate 30, and, the outer ends of the material guide plate 30 and the cloth mounting plate 31 are connected with the machine body 3, and the inner ends are welded with the material blocking device 17. A scrubbing brush 19 is arranged above the blade mounting disc 33, the scrubbing brush is mounted on a scrubbing brush mounting frame 18, the scrubbing brush mounting frame 18 is connected with the machine body 3 and the adjusting ring plate 2 through a lifting shaft 29, an adjusting ring plate 2 is arranged outside the machine body 3, the adjusting ring plate 2 can rotate around the central axis of the machine body along a track formed by a guide rail plate 35, a section of arc-shaped rack 10 is arranged on the adjusting ring plate 2, an adjusting gear 12 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 10, the adjusting gear is fixed on an adjusting shaft 11, the adjusting shaft 11 is fixed on an adjusting bearing 9, the adjusting bearing 9 is fixed on an adjusting bearing mounting plate 8, the adjusting bearing mounting plate 8 is welded on the machine body 2, an adjusting handle and a locking rod 14 are arranged at the upper end of the adjusting shaft 11, a locking toothed plate 13 is welded on the machine body 2, the adjusting handle and the locking rod 14 are rotated to drive the adjusting shaft 11 to rotate so as to drive, the adjustment ring plate 2 is driven to rotate, so that the lifting shaft 29 is driven to ascend and descend along the inclined elongated hole on the adjustment ring plate 2 and the vertical elongated hole of the machine body 2, thereby adjusting the gap between the scrubber 19 and the blade mounting disc 33.

Two sets of scrubbing brush mounting brackets 18 symmetric distribution to be connected with balance adjustment ware 25 through adjusting the pull rod 26 respectively, two sets of balance adjustment ware 25 inboard links together through shaft coupling 24 and synchronizing shaft 27, the outside is connected with hand wheel 23 through shaft coupling 24, drive balance adjustment ware's motion through rotatory hand wheel, pulling adjusting the pull rod 26 and advancing and retreating, realize scrubbing brush mounting bracket 18, scrubbing brush 19 rotates around lift shaft 29 in step, thereby realize that the angle modulation between scrubbing brush 19 and blade installation disc 33 keeps balanced. The balance adjuster 25 is mounted on the balance adjuster mounting bracket 16, and the balance adjuster mounting bracket 16 is bolted to the inside of the machine body 2. An impurity outlet 5 is arranged below the blade mounting disc 33 and fixedly connected with the frame, and the crushed green walnut dregs and water falling from the strip-shaped holes on the blade mounting disc 33 are discharged from the impurity outlet 5.

The specific embodiment is as follows: after the power is turned on, whether the rotation direction of the motor reducer 6 is correct or not is checked, and the machining can be performed after the standby device operates normally. The green walnuts fall on the surface of a turntable provided with a plurality of U-shaped blades 34 and a blade mounting disc 33 with a plurality of strip through holes through a feed hopper 1. The motor reducer 6 transmits power to the flange 15 through the transmission shaft 20, the flange drives the blade mounting disc to rotate, and the green walnuts rotate along with the blade mounting disc; under the action of the distributing plate 32, the fallen green walnuts are spread on the blade mounting disc layer by layer and advance to enter a fan-shaped peeling channel area formed between the scrubbing brush 19 and the blade mounting disc 33, and the U-shaped blade and the scrubbing brush 19 are in direct contact with the green walnuts; the scrubbing brush is fixed, the blade mounting disc provided with the U-shaped blade carries the green walnuts to rotate and advance, a relative motion is formed between the blade mounting disc and the green walnuts, and the peeling work of the walnuts is completed under the cutting, rubbing and extruding of the U-shaped blade and the scrubbing brush. The clearance between the scrubbing brush 19 and the blade mounting disc 33 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation of the handle and the locking rod 14, so that the green walnut peeling machine is suitable for peeling green walnuts with different shapes and sizes. The inclination angle between the scrubbing brush 19 and the blade mounting disc 33 can be adjusted through the hand wheel 23, so that a squeezing process with a gap changed from large to small is formed, and the green walnut peeling machine is suitable for green walnut peeling of the same batch with different specifications, varieties and different peeling degrees. In the process of advancing and extruding the green walnuts, a plurality of cracks are cut by the U-shaped blades and are brushed by the scrubbing brush continuously, and meanwhile, the green walnuts are lubricated and cleaned by the water spray of the water spray pipe 28, the green husks of the walnuts continuously fall off and become small, meanwhile, the extrusion gap also continuously becomes small, the size change from the green walnuts to the walnuts is adapted, the green husks on the surfaces of the walnuts are completely removed, the walnuts with the green husks removed are discharged from the discharge port 4 through the guide plate 30 and enter the next walnut and green husk separating device. Impurities such as green tangerine peel crushed slag and water leak from the strip-shaped hole on the blade mounting disc and fall into the impurity outlet 5 to be discharged.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the motor reducer transmits power to the flange through the transmission shaft, the flange drives the blade mounting disc to rotate, a plurality of U-shaped blades are mounted on the blade mounting disc to form a conveying disc formed by the U-shaped blades and the strip holes, green walnuts fall onto the surface of the blade mounting disc, and the green walnuts enter the first group of peeling channels along with the rotation of the disc; under the cloth device effect that feeder hopper department set up, the blue or green walnut advances at blade installation disc surface tiling one deck, enter into the fan-shaped peeling passageway district of first group that forms between scrubbing brush and the blade installation disc, feeder hopper department blade installation disc top is provided with the spray pipe, blue or green walnut receives the water to spray the lubrication when the blade installation disc is gone up the pivoted, blue or green walnut is constantly sheared the peeling in-process by the extrusion, U type blade is drawn out a plurality of splits with the walnut green husk, then through first group peeling passageway, reentrant second group peeling passageway, scrape the green husk under the extrusion of scrubbing brush, and be provided with the stock guide at second group peeling passageway export, carry the walnut after peeling to the discharge gate under the effect of stock guide. In a working or maintenance state, the clearance between the control scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is adjusted through the clearance adjusting device to adapt to the peeling of the walnuts with different sizes; the inclination angle between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc can be synchronously controlled through the hand wheel and kept balanced, so that the squeezing process of green walnuts from large to small is realized. In the green husk removing process, the green husks of the walnuts continuously drop and become small, meanwhile, the extrusion gap also continuously becomes small, the green walnuts are adaptive to the size change from the green walnuts to the walnuts under the action of the two groups of peeling channels, the green walnuts are continuously brushed by the scrubbing brush in the advancing process and then are output to the discharge port through the guide plate, the green husks and the walnuts entering the next procedure are sorted by the sorting device, and the crushed residue impurities and water of the green husks fall into the impurity outlet through the strip-shaped hole gaps on the blade mounting disc to be removed and collected.

Claims

1. Vertical blue or green walnut decorticator comprises frame organism device, knife rest device, clearance adjustment device and scrubbing brush and balance adjustment device, its characterized in that: the machine frame body device is characterized in that a machine frame is provided with a knife rest device, the knife rest device comprises a blade mounting disc, a U-shaped blade is fixed on the blade mounting disc, and the blade mounting disc is driven by a motor reducer; a cylindrical machine body is connected with the frame and positioned above the blade mounting disc, a feed hopper is arranged at the upper part of the machine body, an opening connecting discharge port is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the machine body, and a material guide plate is arranged at one side of the machine body close to the discharge port; the upper part of the machine body is connected with a scrubbing brush and a balance adjusting device, the rotation of the blade mounting disc below the machine body and the relative motion formed by the scrubbing brush form cutting and extrusion of green walnuts entering between the blade mounting disc and the scrubbing brush, so that the task of removing green husks of walnuts is completed; the position of the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device on the machine body is adjusted by the gap adjusting device, so that the gap between the scrubbing brush and the blade mounting disc is adjusted, and the scrubbing brush and the balance adjusting device are suitable for processing green walnuts of various specifications and sizes.

2. The vertical green walnut huller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the machine body is provided with a water spraying pipe, the blade mounting disc is provided with a through hole, and an impurity outlet is fixed on the machine frame below the blade mounting disc, so that a chip impurity spraying and removing system in the machining process is formed.

3. The vertical green walnut huller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the central part of the machine body is provided with a material blocking device for preventing the green walnuts from entering a central scrubbing-free area.

4. The vertical green walnut huller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the machine body is also provided with a material distribution device for spreading the green walnuts entering the machine body.

5. The vertical green walnut huller of claim 4, wherein: the distributing device comprises a distributing mounting plate, a distributing plate and a bolt butterfly female assembly, two strip holes are formed in the distributing mounting plate and the distributing plate, and the bolt butterfly female assembly is used for assembling the distributing device with adjustable height so as to adapt to green walnuts with different sizes.

6. The vertical green walnut sheller of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein: the U-shaped blade is fixedly arranged on the blade mounting disc at an angle of 45 degrees with the diameter line of the blade mounting disc.

7. The vertical green walnut huller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gap adjusting device comprises an adjusting circular ring plate sleeved at the upper part of the machine body, and a section of arc-shaped rack is fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting circular ring plate; a plurality of guide rail plate sheets are connected to the outer wall of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate so as to form a track for restricting the rotation of the adjusting circular ring plate on the machine body; the outer walls of the machine body close to the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting circular ring plate are respectively connected with an adjusting bearing mounting plate for mounting an adjusting shaft, an adjusting gear is fixed on the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting gear is meshed with an arc-shaped rack on the outer wall of the adjusting circular ring plate; an adjusting handle and a locking rod are mounted at the upper end of the adjusting shaft, a locking toothed plate is connected to the machine body, the locking rod is supported by a spring, the rotatable handle is tightly held by hands to rotate the adjusting gear to adjust the gap, and the locking rod is clamped into the locking toothed plate to lock the adjusting shaft under the action of the supporting force of the spring after the locking rod is released; two inclined strip holes are formed in the adjusting circular ring plate, two vertical strip holes are also formed in the corresponding position of the machine body, the two ends of a lifting shaft connected with the scrubbing brush mounting frame are inserted into the inclined strip holes of the adjusting circular ring plate and the vertical strip holes in the machine body, when the adjusting circular ring plate rotates along a track on the machine body, the lifting shaft rises or falls along the vertical strip holes in the machine body to drive the scrubbing brush mounting frame and the scrubbing brush to rise or fall, and therefore gap adjustment between the scrubbing brush and a blade mounting disc below the scrubbing brush is achieved.

8. The vertical green walnut huller of claim 7, wherein: the adjusting circular plate is an open circular plate, and the inner diameter of the circular plate is changed by adjusting the size of the opening so as to adjust the gap between the adjusting circular plate and the machine body.

9. The vertical green walnut huller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the scrubbing brush and balance adjusting device comprises two groups of sector scrubbing brush mounting frames and the scrubbing brush, wherein the scrubbing brush mounting frames are movably mounted on the lifting shaft; a balance adjuster mounting plate is fixed on the machine body, the scrubbing brush mounting frame is connected with the balance adjusters through adjusting pull rods, the inner sides of the two balance adjusters are connected with a synchronizing shaft through a coupler, and the outer sides of the two balance adjusters are connected with a hand wheel through the coupler.

10. The vertical green walnut huller of claim 9, wherein: the balance adjuster adopts a screw rod lifter, a worm of the screw rod lifter is driven to rotate through rotation of a hand wheel, a worm wheel is driven to rotate, a push rod is meshed with the worm wheel through a lead screw, the worm wheel rotates to push the push rod to advance or retreat, pushing or pulling of the adjusting pull rod is achieved, and therefore the scrubbing brush mounting frame is driven to rotate by a certain angle around the lifting shaft and keep balance.