CN111850726A - 一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 229920002749 Bacterial cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/54—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,包括制备抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤,其中,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括如下组成:聚丙烯腈13‑15重量份、硫氢酸钠40‑45重量份、去离子水40‑47重量份、抗菌剂5‑10重量份、水性富勒烯10‑15重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷5‑10重量份、镁铝水滑石5‑10重量份、偶联剂5‑10重量份。本发明的利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,在制备抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤中,聚丙烯腈纺丝原液中添加聚二甲基硅氧烷、镁铝水滑石和偶联剂。得到的抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纺纱后与莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维的混合纱线织成的布料,抗菌性能良好,更重要的是具有良好的耐磨性能,可以经多次水洗。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于洗发水领域,涉及一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法。
背景技术
随着人们对健康的不断追求,抗菌织物的社会需求迅速发展。目前市场上用的比较多的抗菌剂是甲壳素、季铵盐等。
富勒烯C60自1985年被发现了以来,一直以其独特的结构的物理化学性质吸引了无数科学家的研究。富勒烯在紫外激发下,可以产生单线态氧或超氧化物阴离子,具有很好的抗病毒和抗菌能力。
富勒烯在水溶解性较低,这大大限制了其应用。CN106519307A公开了一种细菌纤维素/富勒烯复合材料及其制备方法,把富勒烯分散并嵌入纤维的三维纳米网络中,赋予了纤维的抗菌能力,同时,克服了富勒烯水分散体系中富勒烯含量过少的缺点。CN109223828A公开了一种氨基富勒烯在制备抗菌材料中的应用和抗菌材料,其制得的氨基富勒烯具有良好的水溶性,而且氨基富勒烯在较低浓度就有良好的抗菌效果。CN110904522A公开了一种富勒烯亲肤复合纤维及其制备方法。其通过将富勒烯与基础纤维混合后共混后,富勒烯负载在纤维上,再与助剂混合后等离子照射处理,提高了助剂与纤维的融合性,再进行拉丝。
本申请的发明人在CN109629073A中公开了一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法。以抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维、莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维为原料纺纱织布,具有较好的抗菌性能。在后续的研究中发现,此布料的耐磨性能不好,而且随着水洗次数的增多,抗菌性能会逐步下降。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明改进了抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法,通过此方法制备的抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维制备的抗菌型纤维布料耐磨性能大大改善。
本发明在于提供一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,包括制备抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤,其中,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括如下组成:聚丙烯腈13-15重量份、硫氢酸钠40-45重量份、去离子水40-47重量份、抗菌剂5-10重量份、水性富勒烯10-15重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷5-10重量份、镁铝水滑石5-10重量份、偶联剂5-10重量份。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂或硅烷偶联剂。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括如下组成:聚丙烯腈14重量份,硫氢酸钠42重量份,去离子水45重量份、抗菌剂8重量份,水性富勒烯12重量份,聚二甲基硅氧烷8重量份、镁铝水滑石8重量份,偶联剂8重量份。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括纺丝步骤:
所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液由喷丝板挤出,进入纺丝甬道,固化成型,经干燥,收集得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括纺纱步骤:
将得到的所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线;
将莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维按3:2:3的重量比进行并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到混纺纱线。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括精炼步骤:
将得到所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线和得到所述混纺纱线置于65-80℃的精炼液中处理45-55min,浴比为1:35-40;
优选地,所述精炼液由氯化钠、氯化钾、纯碱以及硫酸钠按照质量比为1:3:2:2混合后按照3-10%重量百分比溶于水而成。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括织布步骤:
将经过精炼处理的纺纱放入无缝针织机上织成布料,所述布料包括经纱和纬纱,所述经纱为所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线,纬纱为所述混纺纱线。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括洗涤步骤:
将得到的布料混有洗涤液的水中水洗10-15min,洗涤温度为25-30℃;
优选地,所述洗涤液为含0.1-0.5%重量百分比的表面活性剂的水溶液。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括吸湿步骤:
经过洗涤工序后的布料用整理液在25-30℃的温度下处理15-20min,浴比为1:10;
优选地,所述整理液由QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂按照质量比为3:2混合而成。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,还包括烘干步骤:
将经过吸湿整理后的布料放入烘干机中于80-90℃下进行烘干,即得到抗菌型纤维布料。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述整理液QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂混合而成,所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂确定重量份的具体步骤如下:
步骤A1:,首先,构建样本数据,实施为:按照不同重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配,且在复配时,控制所述恒温为50℃,其它所需条件均在合理范围内,记录每次不同的重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配时的反应,提取所述反应时所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂的重量份,形成m条记录,将所述m条记录形成相应的矩阵A,所述矩阵A中有m行2列,所述矩阵A的每一行代表一条记录,所述矩阵A的第一列代表第一种材料QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液的重量份,所述矩阵A的第二列代表第二种材料SF-10型柔软剂的重量份;
步骤A2,根据以下公式计算所述矩阵A中每列的信息损失量:
其中,Ji代表矩阵A的第i列的信息损失量,也就是第i种材料的信息损失量,m代表矩阵A的总行数,aij代表矩阵A的第i列第j行的值,T为恒温温度,log()表示以2为底的对数,所述i=1,2,j=1,2,3,...,m;
步骤A3,求出每种材料的信息损失量后,根据以下公式得到每种材料的重量份:
其中,lg()代表以10为底的对数,其中,Mi代表第i种材料的重量份,i=1,2。
本发明的有益技术效果:
本发明的利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,在制备抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤中,聚丙烯腈纺丝原液中添加聚二甲基硅氧烷、镁铝水滑石和偶联剂。得到的抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纺纱后与莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维的混合纱线织成的布料,抗菌性能良好,更重要的是具有良好的耐磨性能,可以经多次水洗。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
除非特别指出,以下实施例和对比例为平行试验,采用同样的处理步骤和参数。
实施例1
一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,制备聚丙烯腈纺丝原液;
所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括,聚丙烯腈13重量份、硫氢酸钠40重量份、去离子水40重量份、抗菌剂5重量份、水性富勒烯10重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷5重量份、镁铝水滑石5重量份、偶联剂5重量份。
其中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
其中,所述偶联剂为TMC-201异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯。
S2,纺丝:所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液由喷丝板挤出,进入纺丝甬道,固化成型,经干燥,收集得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维。
S3,纺纱:将得到的所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线;
将莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维按3:2:3的重量比进行并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到混纺纱线。
S4,精炼:将得到所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线和得到所述混纺纱线置于70℃的精炼液中处理50min,浴比为1:40;
以重量计,所述精炼液包括5%的溶质,余量为水。所述溶质由氯化钠、氯化钾、纯碱以及硫酸钠按照质量比为1:3:2:4混合而成。
S5,织布:将经过精炼处理的纺纱放入无缝针织机上织成布料,所述布料包括经纱和纬纱,所述经纱为所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线,纬纱为所述混纺纱线。
S6,洗涤,将得到的布料混有洗涤液的水中水洗10min,洗涤温度为25℃;
优选地,以重量计,所述洗涤液为含0.5%的十二烷基磺酸钠的水溶液。
S7,吸湿:经过洗涤工序后的布料用整理液在25-30℃的温度下处理15-20min,浴比为1:10;
所述整理液由QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂按照质量比为3:2混合而成。
S8,烘干:将经过吸湿整理后的布料放入烘干机中于80-90℃下进行烘干,即得到抗菌型纤维布料。
实施例2
与实施例1的区别在于,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括,聚丙烯腈15重量份、硫氢酸钠45重量份、去离子水47重量份、抗菌剂10重量份、水性富勒烯15重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷10重量份、镁铝水滑石10重量份、偶联剂10重量份。
其中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
其中,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH550。
实施例3
与实施例1的区别在于,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括,聚丙烯腈14重量份、硫氢酸钠42重量份、去离子水45重量份、抗菌剂8重量份、水性富勒烯12重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷8重量份、镁铝水滑石8重量份、偶联剂8重量份。
其中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
其中,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH550和TMC-201异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯按重量比1:1的混合物。
实施例4
所述整理液QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂混合而成,所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂确定重量份的具体步骤如下:
步骤A1:,首先,构建样本数据,实施为:按照不同重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配,且在复配时,控制所述恒温为50℃,其它所需条件均在合理范围内,记录每次不同的重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配时的反应,提取所述反应时所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂的重量份,形成m条记录,将所述m条记录形成相应的矩阵A,所述矩阵A中有m行2列,所述矩阵A的每一行代表一条记录,所述矩阵A的第一列代表第一种材料QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液的重量份,所述矩阵A的第二列代表第二种材料SF-10型柔软剂的重量份;
步骤A2,根据以下公式计算所述矩阵A中每列的信息损失量:
其中,Ji代表矩阵A的第i列的信息损失量,也就是第i种材料的信息损失量,m代表矩阵A的总行数,aij代表矩阵A的第i列第j行的值,T为恒温温度,log()表示以2为底的对数,所述i=1,2,j=1,2,3,...,m;
步骤A3,求出每种材料的信息损失量后,根据以下公式得到每种材料的重量份:
其中,lg()代表以10为底的对数,其中,Mi代表第i种材料的重量份,i=1,2。
利用以上技术可以求出每种材料的信息损失量,所述材料的信息损失越大,所得值越大,则根据所述信息损失量并根据多次实验进行数据分析,根据数据之间的关系系数来确定每份材料的具体重量份,从多次实验数据而计算得到所述材料的重量份,大大的提高了计算结果的精度,提高的实验室数据量的准确性及精确性,通过计算可以推算出下次使用需要材料的重量,具有很强的数学理论依据。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别在于,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括,聚丙烯腈13重量份、硫氢酸钠40重量份、去离子水40重量份、抗菌剂5重量份、水性富勒烯10重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷10重量份、偶联剂5重量份。
其中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
其中,所述偶联剂为TMC-201异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别在于,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括,聚丙烯腈13重量份、硫氢酸钠40重量份、去离子水40重量份、抗菌剂5重量份、水性富勒烯10重量份、镁铝水滑石10重量份、偶联剂5重量份。
其中,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
其中,所述偶联剂为TMC-201异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯。
实验例1布料耐磨实验
取实施例和对比例的布料按照《FZ/T 01121-2014纺织品耐磨性能试验平磨法》的方法进行耐磨性能测试。记录每个试样破损前积累的摩擦次数作为耐磨次数,计算5块试样的平均值。结果见表1。
表1布料的耐磨性能
耐磨次数 | |
实施例1 | 6200 |
实施例2 | 6800 |
实施例3 | 7600 |
对比例1 | 4600 |
对比例2 | 5200 |
从表1可以看出,实施例1-3的耐磨次数均在6000以上,均优于对比例1和2,其中以实施例3的7600为最优。与实施例1相比,对比例1和2的耐磨性能显著下降,表明了聚丙烯腈纺丝原液中聚二甲基硅氧烷、镁铝水滑石和偶联剂对耐磨性能的协同作用。
以上对本发明优选的具体实施方式和实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式和实施例,在本领域技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明构思的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (10)
1.一种利用富勒烯制备抗菌型纤维布料的方法,包括制备抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤,其中,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括如下组成:聚丙烯腈13-15重量份、硫氢酸钠40-45重量份、去离子水40-47重量份、抗菌剂5-10重量份、水性富勒烯10-15重量份、聚二甲基硅氧烷5-10重量份、镁铝水滑石5-10重量份、偶联剂5-10重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂或硅烷偶联剂;
和/或,所述抗菌剂由砒啶硫酮锌和方沸石按照质量比为3:5混合制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,包括抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维的步骤,其中,所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液包括如下组成:聚丙烯腈14重量份,硫氢酸钠42重量份,去离子水45重量份、抗菌剂8重量份,水性富勒烯12重量份,聚二甲基硅氧烷8重量份、镁铝水滑石8重量份,偶联剂8重量份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括纺丝步骤:
所述聚丙烯腈纺丝原液由喷丝板挤出,进入纺丝甬道,固化成型,经干燥,收集得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括纺纱步骤:
将得到的所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线;
将莫代尔纤维、竹纤维、聚酯纤维按3:2:3的重量比进行并条、粗纱、细纱处理,得到混纺纱线。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括精炼步骤:
将得到所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线和得到所述混纺纱线置于65-80℃的精炼液中处理45-55min,浴比为1:35-40;
优选地,所述精炼液由氯化钠、氯化钾、纯碱以及硫酸钠按照质量比为1:3:2:4混合后按照3-10%重量百分比溶于水而成。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括织布步骤:
将经过精炼处理的纺纱放入无缝针织机上织成布料,所述布料包括经纱和纬纱,所述经纱为所述抗菌聚丙烯腈纤维纱线,纬纱为所述混纺纱线。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括洗涤步骤:
将得到的布料混有洗涤液的水中水洗10-15min,洗涤温度为25-30℃;
优选地,所述洗涤液为含0.1-0.5%重量百分比的表面活性剂的水溶液;
和/或,还包括吸湿步骤:经过洗涤工序后的布料用整理液在25-30℃的温度下处理15-20min,浴比为1:10;
优选地,所述整理液由QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂按照质量比为3:2混合而成。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括烘干步骤:
将经过吸湿整理后的布料放入烘干机中于80-90℃下进行烘干,即得到抗菌型纤维布料。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述整理液QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液与SF-10型柔软剂混合而成,所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂确定重量份的具体步骤如下:
步骤A1:,首先,构建样本数据,实施为:按照不同重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配,且在复配时,控制所述恒温为50℃,其它所需条件均在合理范围内,记录每次不同的重量份的QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂进行复配时的反应,提取所述反应时所述QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液和SF-10型柔软剂的重量份,形成m条记录,将所述m条记录形成相应的矩阵A,所述矩阵A中有m行2列,所述矩阵A的每一行代表一条记录,所述矩阵A的第一列代表第一种材料QC-1476型吸湿排汗整理液的重量份,所述矩阵A的第二列代表第二种材料SF-10型柔软剂的重量份;
步骤A2,根据以下公式计算所述矩阵A中每列的信息损失量:
其中,Ji代表矩阵A的第i列的信息损失量,也就是第i种材料的信息损失量,m代表矩阵A的总行数,aij代表矩阵A的第i列第j行的值,T为恒温温度,log()表示以2为底的对数,所述i=1,2,j=1,2,3,...,m;
步骤A3,求出每种材料的信息损失量后,根据以下公式得到每种材料的重量份:
其中,lg()代表以10为底的对数,其中,Mi代表第i种材料的重量份,i=1,2。
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