CN111838436A - Green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
Abstract
The invention relates to a green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed and a preparation method thereof, and the piglet compound feed comprises, by weight, 620 parts of first-grade corn 508-containing material, 790 parts of flour 700-containing material, 790 parts of expanded soybean 270-containing material, 165 parts of fermented soybean meal 135-containing material, 80-100 parts of steam fish meal, 55-65 parts of yeast culture, 55-65 parts of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 165 parts of sucrose 135-containing material, 160 parts of milk powder 130-containing material, 500 parts of whey powder 400-containing material, 25-35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride, 25-35 parts of soybean oil, 70-80 parts of balanced oil powder, 26-34 parts of composite acidifier, 4.5-7.0 parts of glucose oxidase, 2.5-3.5 parts of plant essential oil, 2.5-3.5 parts of antibacterial peptide, 2.5-3.5 parts of tannic acid, 1.0-2.0 parts of enzyme preparation, 1.0-2.0 parts of phagostimulant, 30-38 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 5-7 parts of compound trace elements and 0.7-1.3 parts of compound vitamin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and granulating first-grade corn, flour, puffed soybean, steam fish meal, soybean oil and calcium hydrophosphate to obtain a base material; pulverizing the basic material, and mixing with other raw materials to obtain compound feed. The invention has the effects of reducing the diarrhea rate of piglets and improving the feed intake of the piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Weaning is a crucial stage of piglet growth and development, and the weaning stress causes the feed intake of weaned piglets to be reduced, so that the intestinal structure and the function of the piglets are damaged and disordered, and growth stagnation and severe diarrhea are often generated.
In order to improve the feed intake of weaned piglets and reduce weaning diarrhea, antibiotics are added to improve the feed utilization rate and reduce the weaning diarrhea of the piglets for a long time. However, a series of disadvantages are caused by long-term feeding of the feed added with antibiotics: 1. antibiotics make pathogenic microorganisms resistant to them. The antibiotic can make some pathogenic microorganisms generate gene mutation to become drug-resistant strains, and the whole pathogenic microbiota gradually changes to the drug resistance direction along with the transfer of drug-resistant factors in species, between species and even between genera; 2. the long-term use of antibiotics can reduce the immune function of animals, so that the animals are more likely to cause superinfection or secondary infection; 3. antibiotics can remain in the bodies of animals, not only affect the flavor of meat, but also are transmitted to other animals and people through food chains to cause serious harm.
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the self health consciousness is gradually strengthened, and the consciousness of resisting the abuse of antibiotic foods is higher and higher. Therefore, the research and development of green and environment-friendly feed capable of improving the feed intake of weaned piglets and promoting the intestinal health are imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed which has the effects of being green and healthy, reducing the diarrhea rate of piglets and improving the feed intake of the piglets.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the piglet compound feed, which has the effects of high digestibility of the prepared feed, simple operation and convenient processing.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 620 parts of primary corn 508-containing material, 790 parts of flour 700-containing material, 790 parts of puffed soybean 270-containing material, 165 parts of fermented soybean meal 135-containing material, 80-100 parts of steam fish meal, 55-65 parts of yeast culture, 55-65 parts of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 165 parts of sucrose 135-containing material, 160 parts of milk powder 130-containing material, 500 parts of whey powder 400-containing material, 25-35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride, 25-35 parts of soybean oil, 70-80 parts of balanced oil powder, 26-34 parts of compound acidifier, 4.5-7.0 parts of glucose oxidase, 2.5-3.5 parts of plant essential oil, 2.5-3.5 parts of antibacterial peptide, 2.5-3.5 parts of tannic acid, 1.0-2.0 parts of enzyme preparation, 1.0-2.0 parts of phagostimulant, 30-38 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 5-7 parts of compound trace elements, 0.7-1.3 parts of compound vitamin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the corn and the flour are used as main materials of the piglet feed, and the corn and the flour contain a large amount of protein and can provide protein for piglets. The puffed soybean powder retains the nutrients of soybean, is rich in various nutrients, and is easy to absorb and digest.
The fermented soybean meal has high-content active small peptide protein, can be directly absorbed through intestinal mucosa, has no competition with amino acid absorption due to a transport speed block and an absorption rate block, and can promote the transport of free amino acid. Meanwhile, the small peptide has low energy consumption for absorption, saves energy and can improve the utilization rate of protein; in addition, the fermented soybean meal can supplement a large amount of active probiotics, enhance the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms, improve the intestinal microecological balance, reduce the diarrhea rate and improve the daily gain of piglets.
The steam fish meal is a good mineral source, has high content of calcium and phosphorus and proper proportion, and all phosphorus is available phosphorus, so that calcium and phosphorus can be provided for piglets; in addition, the protein component of the steam fish meal is well preserved, the freshness is high, and the digestibility of the fish meal is effectively maintained.
The wheat protein hydrolysate is a high-quality non-antigen plant protein raw material, the content of glutamine is more than 30 percent, the glutamine is used as an essential precursor substance for synthesizing various substances in an animal body, and the glutamine is added into piglet feed to maintain and protect the structure and the function of piglet small intestine mucosa, reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets and improve the immunity.
Whey protein and lactoglobulin in the whey powder are protein sources of early weaned piglets, provide enough protein for the piglets, and simultaneously, lactose in the whey powder is easy to digest for the piglets, can provide energy for the piglets and promotes the rapid growth of the piglets. The whey powder is fermented by lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets to form lactic acid, so that the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract is reduced, the activity of digestive enzymes is improved, pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and enterococcus are inhibited, intestinal villi is protected, the condition of dyspepsia of the piglets is reduced, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets is reduced.
The milk powder contains various nutrient substances such as protein, fat, saccharides, minerals, vitamins, lactoferrin and the like, can provide nutrient substances required by growth and development of piglets, can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts and reduce the diarrhea rate of the piglets.
Calcium hydrogen phosphate may provide sufficient calcium to the pig to prevent the pig from growing too fast and being calcium deficient. The sodium chloride can maintain the acid-base balance of blood and tissue fluid, regulate the stability of normal osmotic pressure, stimulate the secretion of saliva and promote the appetite of piglets; meanwhile, the sodium chloride can promote the synthesis of organic matters such as fat, protein and the like in the metabolic process; can keep digestive juice alkaline in intestinal tract, activate amylase, keep gastric juice acidic, and has antibacterial effect.
The yeast culture is a micro-ecological product prepared by anaerobic fermentation of yeast under specific conditions together with a culture medium and metabolites thereof, and the product contains abundant oligosaccharides, amino acids, polypeptides, organic acids, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, unknown growth factors and some important auxiliary factors after anaerobic fermentation. The yeast culture added into the feed can promote the growth of beneficial microbial flora in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets, inhibit the growth of part of harmful microbial flora, regulate the microbial balance of the gastrointestinal tract and promote the healthy growth of pigs. In addition, the yeast culture contains a large amount of nutrient components such as organic acid, microorganism, calcium, phosphorus, unknown growth factors and the like, and can play a role in nutrition for the microorganism in intestines and stomach, promote the fermentation of the microorganism in the intestines and stomach, increase the fermentation strength, promote the absorption of nutrient substances in the feed and improve the growth speed of piglets.
The addition of the enzyme preparation can reduce the antagonism generated among nutrients in feed raw materials, reduce anti-nutritional factors, ensure that the feed can be digested and absorbed by piglets, ensure the balance of the flora in the digestive tract, improve the digestibility of the feed, prevent diarrhea, improve the immunity and improve the utilization rate of the feed.
The addition of the compound acidifier can improve the acidity in the digestive tract of the piglets, activate some important digestive enzymes, facilitate the digestion and absorption of the piglets on the nutrient components in the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed. In addition, the compound acidifier can prevent live bacteria from entering the tail end of the small intestine from the external environment, thereby promoting the propagation of beneficial flora and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.
The glucose oxidase can directly inhibit growth of aspergillus flavus and other toxic mould, thereby reducing propagation of mould in the storage and processing processes of the mould in the feed, and the product gluconolactone is a specific antidote for liver, thereby improving the tolerance of liver to mycotoxin and strengthening the capability of liver to detoxify and expel toxin. Meanwhile, the glucose oxidase can improve the intestinal environment, promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella, pasteurella and the like, so that the intestinal health of piglets is promoted, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets is reduced.
The plant essential oil is natural volatile oil with aromatic odor extracted from plants, has powerful broad-spectrum bactericidal property, can slow down the loss of feed nutrient components when being added into feed, stimulates piglets to eat, reduces harmful microorganisms in gastrointestinal tracts, improves intestinal beneficial microorganisms, improves the activity of digestive enzymes in vivo, enhances the absorption of nutrient substances, thereby improving the digestion utilization rate of the feed and the weight gain speed of the piglets, and reduces feed meat.
The antibacterial peptide is a cationic polypeptide which is produced by organisms and has strong antibacterial effect, has the spectrum antibacterial capability and has certain inhibiting and killing effects on fungi, viruses and cancer cells. The antibacterial peptide added into the feed can promote the growth of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets, improve the health condition of piglets and improve the immunity and the anti-stress capability of piglets.
The tannin can promote animal growth, improve nutrient utilization rate, and has effects of resisting stress and improving immunity. The tannic acid has obvious inhibition effect on oxygen anions and hydroxyl free radicals, thereby achieving the antioxidation effect, improving the anti-stress capability and the antioxidation capability of animal organisms and reducing the diarrhea rate.
The zinc oxide can supplement zinc element for the animal body, the zinc element is a plurality of enzymes, proteins, ribose and other components in the animal body, plays an important role in the biosynthesis and utilization of protein, and the addition of the zinc oxide can improve the daily gain and feed intake of piglets, promote the production speed of the piglets, improve the immunity of the piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate. In addition, the zinc oxide is matched with the antibacterial peptide for use, so that the synergistic antibacterial effect is achieved, the intestinal health of the piglets is further improved, the digestibility of the feed is increased, the diarrhea rate of the piglets is reduced, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved.
In conclusion, in the formula, by reasonably matching the starch, protein, fat and carbohydrate raw materials, the piglet feed can provide balanced nutrition for piglets and ensure the healthy growth of the piglets. In addition, the formula of the piglet feed additive adopts the compatibility of the composite acidifier, the glucose oxidase, the plant essential oil, the antibacterial peptide and the tannin, so that the bacteriostatic action can be achieved, the diarrhea rate of piglets is reduced, the feed intake and daily gain of the piglets can be improved, and the immunity and the anti-stress capability of the piglets are improved. In addition, the formula of the invention adopts the compatibility of the compound acidifier, the glucose oxidase, the plant essential oil, the antibacterial peptide and the tannin to replace the use of antibiotics, thus being green and healthy.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of primary corn, 750 parts of flour, 300 parts of expanded soybean, 150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 90 parts of steam fish meal, 60 parts of yeast culture, 60 parts of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 150 parts of cane sugar, 150 parts of milk powder, 450 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6 parts of sodium chloride, 30 parts of soybean oil, 75 parts of balanced oil powder, 30 parts of compound acidifier, 6 parts of glucose oxidase, 3 parts of plant essential oil, 3 parts of antibacterial peptide, 3 parts of tannic acid, 1.5 parts of enzyme preparation, 1.5 parts of phagostimulant, 33 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of compound trace elements and 0.9 part of compound vitamin.
By adopting the technical scheme and experiments, the piglet feed prepared by adopting the raw materials in the proportion has better effects of improving the daily gain and feed intake of piglets and has lower diarrhea rate of the piglets. The reason for the analysis is that the matching effect of the raw materials is better under the mixture ratio, and the synergistic effect of the raw materials can further exert the advantages of the components, improve the utilization rate of the feed, further increase the immunity and the anti-stress capability of piglets, improve the daily gain and the feed intake of the piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the compound acidifier comprises lactic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid, and the total acid is 70-80%.
By adopting the technical scheme, lactic acid is one of the final products of glycolysis, energy can be released through gluconeogenesis to serve as an energy source, fumaric acid, namely fumaric acid, can directly participate in tricarboxylic acid cycle energy supply, citric acid is a first intermediate product formed by condensing the ethylpeptide coenzyme A and the phthalein acetic acid in the tricarboxylic acid cycle in vivo, and plays an important role in the formation of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and the accumulation of the total biological quantity after being absorbed by piglets, thereby promoting the metabolism of the piglets and enhancing the utilization rate of the energy and the amino acid. The lactic acid, the fumaric acid and the citric acid are cooperatively matched to improve the immunity and the anti-stress effect of the organism: when an organism is in a stress state, lactic acid and fumaric acid can both promptly synthesize ATP, so that normal metabolism of the organism is ensured, and the resistance of piglets is improved. In addition, the compound acidifier added into the piglet feed can enhance the immunologic function of piglets, and particularly greatly enhance the immunologic function of red blood cells.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the weight ratio of the zinc oxide to the antibacterial peptide is 0.8-1.2.
By adopting the technical scheme, the zinc oxide and the antibacterial peptide have a synergistic effect, when the weight ratio is 0.8-1.2, the zinc oxide and the antibacterial peptide have a good synergistic effect, the gastrointestinal peristalsis of piglets can be effectively improved, the digestion of feed is promoted, the diarrhea rate is reduced, and meanwhile, the blood coagulation function of an organism is increased by the synergistic effect of the zinc oxide and the antibacterial peptide, and the illness rate of the piglets is reduced.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the raw materials also comprise 2-3 parts of vine tea extract and 10-15 parts of medium-chain fatty acid in parts by weight, wherein the preparation method of the vine tea extract comprises the following steps:
a. adding vine tea powder into ethanol with volume fraction of 60-75% to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the ratio of the material to the liquid is 1: (30-35);
b. ultrasonically extracting the mixed solution for 20-25min, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, and drying to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ampelopsis grossedentata extract has the effect of resisting chronic hepatic fibrosis, can protect liver cells and can relieve liver injury. The glucose oxidase can generate a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide when catalyzing the reaction of glucose and oxygen in the intestinal tract, the hydrogen peroxide has the effects of inhibiting and killing intestinal pathogenic bacteria, but the hydrogen peroxide with too high concentration can cause certain damage to the liver and influence the toxin expelling capability of the liver, and the main component dihydromyricetin in the ampelopsis grossedentata extract can effectively protect the liver from being damaged by the hydrogen peroxide and has an obvious effect of resisting cell oxidation. The glucose oxidase and the vine tea extract are cooperatively matched, so that the intestinal tract is effectively improved, the immunity of piglets is improved, the toxin expelling capability of livers can be ensured, and the disease incidence rate of the piglets is reduced.
The medium-chain fatty acid can prevent the damage of free radicals to the liver, thereby improving the detoxification function of the liver and well protecting the liver. Meanwhile, the medium-chain fatty acid has strong exclusivity to toxins in the organism, can discharge toxins accumulated in intestines, stomachs and the body out of the body, and has good toxin expelling effect. The medium-chain fatty acid is cooperatively matched with the vine tea extract and the glucose oxidase, on one hand, the toxin accumulated in a body can be discharged, the immunity of the body is improved, on the other hand, the liver is protected to a certain extent, and the damage of hydrogen peroxide generated by the glucose oxidase to the liver is reduced, so that the toxin expelling effect of the liver is ensured, and the piglet can grow healthily.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the enzyme preparation comprises xylanase, beta-mannase, alpha-galactosidase, acid protease, neutral protease, alkaline protease, beta-glucanase and glucose oxidase, wherein the activity of each enzyme is as follows: 8000-;
by adopting the technical scheme, the feed raw materials such as corn and the like contain a certain amount of xylan which is one of main components forming cell walls and plays a physical barrier role together with other cell wall constituents to prevent the release of nutrient substances in cells. The xylanase breaks the firm structure of the cell wall by degrading xylan, releases nutrients such as protein, starch, fat and the like wrapped in the cell wall, can eliminate the anti-nutritional effect of the xylan in feed raw materials, improves the digestibility of the nutrients and further improves the utilization rate of the feed.
The beta-mannase can eliminate the interference of mannan in the feed on glucose absorption, greatly improve the energy digestibility of the fermented soybean meal and improve the utilization rate of the feed; the mannan-oligosaccharide generated by decomposing mannan with beta-mannase can be absorbed by beneficial bacteria in intestinal tract of piglet, improve flora composition, reduce infection of Escherichia coli and salmonella, reduce disease incidence of piglet, and increase daily gain.
The alpha-galactosidase can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors such as galactoside and the like in the feed, reduce the viscosity of chyme and reduce the occurrence of diarrhea. The optimum pH range of the acid protease is 3-5, the acid protease plays a role of acid hydrolysis in stomach, makes up for the shortage of pepsin caused by the addition of feed raw materials, promotes the decomposition of the feed in intestinal tracts, ensures the feed to be fully absorbed, and can provide an energy basis for endogenous enzyme and stimulate the secretion of the pepsin.
The beta-glucanase can degrade macromolecular beta-glucan into oligosaccharide and oligosaccharide with smaller polymerization degree and lower viscosity effect, thereby reducing the viscosity of chyme and improving the growth performance of animals, improving the digestion and absorption of nutrient substances in small intestine sections, reducing the amount of nutrients available for harmful microorganisms in the rear sections of digestive tracts, reducing the proliferation and fermentation of harmful microorganisms in the rear intestines, keeping the health of the intestines, improving the food consumption and reducing the diarrhea rate.
Xylanase, beta-mannase, alpha-galactosidase, acid protease, neutral protease, alkaline protease, beta-glucanase and glucose oxidase are cooperated, and are matched with endogenous enzymes, so that the problem of insufficient endogenous enzymes in piglets is fully solved, the utilization rate of the feed can be effectively improved, the digestion and absorption of the pigs to nutrient components in the feed are promoted, the feed intake is improved, and the growth speed of the piglets is increased. In addition, the complex enzyme preparation can also maintain the balance of intestinal flora, reduce the incidence rate of diarrhea and enhance the immunity.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the composite trace elements comprise 8000mg/kg of 5000-containing copper element, 45000mg/kg of 30000-containing iron element, 45000mg/kg of zinc element, 20000mg/kg of 10000-containing manganese element, 500mg/kg of 200-containing iodine element and 200-containing selenium element.
By adopting the technical scheme, the composite trace elements provide the trace elements such as copper, iron, zinc, manganese and the like for the piglets. Copper is one of indispensable trace elements in animals, and not only participates in the metabolism of nutrients such as protein, amino acid, nucleic acid, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and the like in organisms, but also plays an important role in physiological functions such as skeletal development, organism hematopoiesis, growth, reproduction, immunity and the like. Zinc is involved in the whole process of life, is mainly reflected in the metabolic process of protein, lipid, carbohydrate and nucleic acid, and is also an essential microelement for the growth and development of pigs.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the compound vitamin comprises 20000-35000IU/kg of vitamin A, 35000-9000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 50-150g/kg of vitamin E, 15000-15000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 220000-30000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 65000-15000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1250-150 mg/kg of vitamin B, 500mg/kg of biotin 200-containing material, 10000mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 5000-containing folic acid, 5000-containing material and 100000mg/kg of nicotinamide 60000-containing material.
By adopting the technical scheme, vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E and the like in the compound vitamin supplement vitamins for organisms and promote synthesis and degradation of some nutrients in the organisms, thereby regulating and controlling the metabolism of the organisms.
Object two of the present invention: the preparation method of the green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively crushing, mixing, tempering and granulating primary corn, flour, extruded soybean, steam fish meal, soybean oil and calcium hydrophosphate to obtain a base material;
s2: and crushing the basic material, and mixing with the other raw materials in the formula to obtain the piglet compound feed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw materials such as the primary corn, the flour, the puffed soybean and the steam fish meal are granulated once, and are cured by high-temperature conditioning, so that the antigen in the raw materials is reduced, the absorption of piglets is facilitated, the digestibility is improved, and the diarrhea condition of the piglets is reduced.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in the step S1, the tempering temperature is 70-83 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-40S.
By adopting the technical scheme, under the condition of the tempering temperature and the tempering time, the curing effect on the raw materials is better, and the obtained feed is easier to digest and absorb by piglets.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following preparation examples, examples and comparative examples.
In the following preparations, examples and comparative examples:
yeast cultures were purchased from Zhejiang east adult Biotech, Inc.;
the compound acidifier is purchased from Anguilla biochemicals GmbH;
glucose oxidase was purchased from certified xian erkang bioengineering, llc;
the antibacterial peptide is purchased from Guangdong sea, Na and Chuan biological science and technology GmbH;
enzyme preparations (xylanase, beta-mannanase, alpha-galactosidase, acid protease, neutral protease, alkaline protease, beta-glucanase, glucose oxidase) purchased from Tianjin Bopfield technologies, Inc.;
the compound trace elements (copper, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine and selenium) were purchased from Kyoto Biotechnology group GmbH, Beijing;
vitamin complex (vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinamide, D-pantothenic acid) purchased from Guangzhou Ibaonong fodder Co., Ltd;
the plant essential oil is purchased from Liaoning Feidi fodder science and technology Limited liability company;
the phagostimulant was purchased from Chengdu Dadi Hank Biotech Ltd.
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract comprises the following steps:
a. adding ampelopsis grossedentata powder into ethanol with the volume fraction of 60% to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the ratio of the materials to the solution is 1: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas;
b. ultrasonically extracting the mixed solution for 20min, filtering, vacuum concentrating the filtrate at 45 deg.C, and freeze drying to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
Preparation example 2
The preparation method of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract comprises the following steps:
a. adding ampelopsis grossedentata powder into ethanol with the volume fraction of 68% to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the ratio of the materials to the solution is 1: 32, a first step of removing the first layer;
b. extracting the mixed solution with ultrasound for 23min, filtering, vacuum concentrating the filtrate at 45 deg.C, and freeze drying to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
Preparation example 3
The preparation method of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract comprises the following steps:
a. adding vine tea powder into 75% ethanol by volume to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the ratio of the materials to the liquid is 1: 35;
b. ultrasonically extracting the mixed solution for 25min, filtering, vacuum concentrating the filtrate at 45 deg.C, and freeze drying to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
Example 1
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively crushing 580g of first-grade corn, 790g of flour, 270g of expanded soybean, 80g of steam fish meal, 25g of soybean oil and 25g of calcium hydrophosphate, mixing, tempering at 70 ℃ for 40s, and granulating to obtain a base material;
s2: crushing the base material obtained in the step S1 to a particle size of 1.0mm, and mixing the crushed material with 165g of fermented soybean meal, 65g of yeast culture, 55g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 165g of cane sugar, 130g of milk powder, 500g of whey powder, 7g of sodium chloride, 25g of soybean oil, 80g of balanced oil powder, 26g of compound acidifier, 7g of glucose oxidase, 2.5g of plant essential oil, 3.5g of antibacterial peptide, 2.5g of tannic acid, 2g of enzyme preparation, 1g of phagostimulant, 38g of amino acid, 2g of zinc oxide, 7g of compound trace element and 0.7g of compound vitamin to obtain a compound feed for piglets;
wherein the activity of each enzyme in the enzyme preparation is as follows: 8000u/g xylanase, 6000u/g beta-mannase, 150u/g alpha-galactosidase, 20000u/g acid protease, 5000u/g neutral protease, 30000u/g alkaline protease, 800u/g beta-glucanase and 600u/g glucose oxidase;
the compound trace elements comprise 5000mg/kg of copper element, 45000mg/kg of iron element, 30000mg/kg of zinc element, 20000mg/kg of manganese element, 200mg/kg of iodine element and 200mg/kg of selenium element;
the compound vitamins include vitamin A20000 IU/kg, vitamin D39000 IU/kg, vitamin E50 g/kg, vitamin B115000mg/kg, vitamin B220000 mg/kg, vitamin B615000 mg/kg, vitamin B1250 mg/kg, biotin 500mg/kg, pantothenic acid 5000mg/kg, folic acid 5000mg/kg, and nicotinamide 60000 mg/kg.
Example 2
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method comprises the following steps:
600g of first-grade corn, 750g of flour, 300g of expanded soybean, 150g of fermented soybean meal, 90g of steam fish meal, 60g of yeast culture, 60g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 150g of cane sugar, 150g of milk powder, 450g of whey powder, 30g of calcium hydrophosphate, 6g of sodium chloride, 30g of soybean oil, 75g of balanced oil powder, 30g of compound acidifier, 6g of glucose oxidase, 3g of plant essential oil, 2.5g of antibacterial peptide, 3g of tannic acid, 1.5g of enzyme preparation, 1.5g of phagostimulant, 33g of amino acid, 2g of zinc oxide, 6g of compound trace elements and 0.9g of compound vitamin.
S1: respectively crushing 600g of first-grade corn, 750g of flour, 300g of expanded soybean, 90g of steam fish meal, 30g of soybean oil and 30g of calcium hydrophosphate, mixing, tempering at 76 ℃ for 35s, and granulating to obtain a base material;
s2: crushing the base material obtained in the step S1 to a particle size of 1.0mm, and mixing the crushed material with 150g of fermented soybean meal, 60g of yeast culture, 60g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 150g of cane sugar, 150g of milk powder, 450g of whey powder, 6g of sodium chloride, 75g of balanced oil powder, 30g of compound acidifier, 6g of glucose oxidase, 3g of plant essential oil, 2.5g of antibacterial peptide, 3g of tannic acid, 1.5g of enzyme preparation, 1.5g of phagostimulant, 33g of amino acid, 2g of zinc oxide, 6g of compound trace element and 0.9g of compound vitamin to obtain a compound feed for piglets;
wherein the activity of each enzyme in the enzyme preparation is as follows: 8500u/g xylanase, 5500u/g beta-mannase, 300u/g alpha-galactosidase, 15000u/g acid protease, 5500u/g neutral protease, 25000u/g alkaline protease, 1200u/g beta-glucanase and 500u/g glucose oxidase;
the compound trace elements comprise 65000mg/kg of copper element, 38000mg/kg of iron element, 38000mg/kg of zinc element, 15000mg/kg of manganese element, 350mg/kg of iodine element and 1300mg/kg of selenium element;
the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A27000 IU/kg, vitamin D37000 IU/kg, vitamin E100 g/kg, vitamin B110000 mg/kg, vitamin B225000 mg/kg, vitamin B610000 mg/kg, vitamin B121 12100 mg/kg, biotin 350mg/kg, pantothenic acid 7500mg/kg, folic acid 7500mg/kg and nicotinamide 80000 mg/kg.
Example 3
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method comprises the following steps: the difference from the example 2 is 3g of zinc oxide and 3g of antibacterial peptide.
Example 4
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method comprises the following steps: the difference from the example 2 is 3g of zinc oxide and 2.5g of antibacterial peptide.
Example 5
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method comprises the following steps:
620g of first-grade corn, 700g of flour, 330g of expanded soybean, 135g of fermented soybean meal, 100g of steam fish meal, 55g of yeast culture, 65g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 135g of cane sugar, 160g of milk powder, 400g of whey powder, 35g of calcium hydrophosphate, 5g of sodium chloride, 35g of soybean oil, 70g of balanced oil powder, 34g of compound acidifier, 4.5g of glucose oxidase, 3.5g of plant essential oil, 2.5g of antibacterial peptide, 3.5g of tannic acid, 1g of enzyme preparation, 2g of phagostimulant, 30g of amino acid, 4g of zinc oxide, 5g of compound trace elements and 1.3g of compound vitamin.
S1: respectively crushing 620g of first-grade corn, 700g of flour, 330g of expanded soybean, 100g of steam fish meal, 35g of soybean oil and 35g of calcium hydrophosphate, mixing, tempering at 83 ℃ for 40s, and granulating to obtain a base material;
s2: crushing the base material obtained in the step S1 to a particle size of 1.0mm, and mixing the crushed material with 135g of fermented soybean meal, 55g of yeast culture, 65g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 135g of sucrose, 160g of milk powder, 400g of whey powder, 5g of sodium chloride, 70g of balanced oil powder, 34g of compound acidifier, 4.5g of glucose oxidase, 3.5g of plant essential oil, 2.5g of antibacterial peptide, 3.5g of tannic acid, 1g of enzyme preparation, 2g of phagostimulant, 30g of amino acid, 4g of zinc oxide, 5g of compound trace element and 1.3g of compound vitamin to obtain a compound feed for piglets;
wherein the activity of each enzyme in the enzyme preparation is as follows: 9000u/g xylanase, 5000u/g beta-mannase, 500u/g alpha-galactosidase, 10000u/g acid protease, 6000u/g neutral protease, 20000u/g alkaline protease, 1500u/g beta-glucanase and 400u/g glucose oxidase;
the compound trace elements comprise 8000mg/kg of copper element, 30000mg/kg of iron element, 45000mg/kg of zinc element, 10000mg/kg of manganese element, 500mg/kg of iodine element and 100mg/kg of selenium element;
the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A35000 IU/kg, vitamin D35000 IU/kg, vitamin E150 g/kg, vitamin B15000 mg/kg, vitamin B230000 mg/kg, vitamin B65000 mg/kg, vitamin B12150 mg/kg, biotin 200mg/kg, pantothenic acid 10000mg/kg, folic acid 2000mg/kg, and nicotinamide 100000 mg/kg.
Example 6
An environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from example 3 in that 2g of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract prepared in preparation example 1 and 15g of medium chain fatty acids are added in step S2.
Example 7
An environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from example 3 in that 2.5g of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract prepared in preparation example 2 and 12g of medium chain fatty acids are added in step S2.
Example 8
An environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from example 3 in that 3g of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract prepared in preparation example 3 and 10g of medium chain fatty acids are added in step S2.
Comparative example 1
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from the feed prepared in example 3 in that 550g of first-grade corn, 800g of flour, 250g of expanded soybean, 175g of fermented soybean meal, 75g of steam fish meal, 70g of yeast culture, 50g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 170g of cane sugar, 120g of milk powder, 520g of whey powder, 20g of calcium hydrophosphate, 8g of sodium chloride, 20g of soybean oil, 85g of balanced oil powder, 20g of compound acidifier, 8g of glucose oxidase, 2g of plant essential oil, 4g of antibacterial peptide, 2g of tannic acid, 2.5g of enzyme preparation, 0.5g of phagostimulant, 42g of amino acid, 1.5g of zinc oxide, 9g of compound trace element and 0.5g of compound vitamin.
Comparative example 2
The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from the feed prepared in example 3 in that 650g of first-grade corn, 650g of flour, 350g of expanded soybean, 120g of fermented soybean meal, 120g of steam fish meal, 50g of yeast culture, 70g of wheat protein hydrolysate, 125g of cane sugar, 170g of milk powder, 370g of whey powder, 40g of calcium hydrophosphate, 4g of sodium chloride, 40g of soybean oil, 65g of balanced oil powder, 40g of compound acidifier, 4g of glucose oxidase, 4g of plant essential oil, 2g of antibacterial peptide, 4g of tannic acid, 0.5g of enzyme preparation, 2.5g of phagostimulant, 25g of amino acid, 5g of zinc oxide, 4g of compound trace element and 1.5g of compound vitamin.
Comparative example 3
An environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from the feed prepared in example 7 in that the same amount of vine tea extract is used for replacing medium-chain fatty acid.
Comparative example 4
An environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed prepared by the following method is different from the feed prepared in example 7 in that the same amount of medium-chain fatty acid is used for replacing the ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
Feeding experiment
240 healthy and disease-free test piglets of the same variety, the initial day age of 30 days, the body weight average of 9 +/-0.25 Kg, and normal growth and development are selected, and are averagely divided into 12 groups, and are respectively placed in 12 pigsties in the same environment, and are respectively fed with the piglet feed prepared in the examples 1-8 and the comparative examples 1-4, wherein each piglet is fed with 750g per day, and the experimental period is 20 days. Regularly feed 3 times a day. 3 times daily drinking water, 9:30 in the morning and 12 in the noon: 30 in the afternoon at 6:30 to ensure that each experimental piglet fully drinks water.
Measurement of production Properties
The feed intake of each group is recorded every day, the state of the experimental piglets is observed and recorded, diseases are timely treated, and the record is well made. Measurement indexes are as follows: determining average daily gain, material weight ratio and diarrhea rate;
material weight ratio = first average daily feed intake/first average daily gain
Diarrhea rate = (number of heads of diarrhea piglets in experimental period × number of experimental days)/(total number of heads of piglets in experimental period × number of experimental days) × 100%.
Specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement results of production Properties
| Item | Daily gain (g) | Material weight ratio (%) | Diarrhea Rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 515 | 1.46 | 2.17 |
| Example 2 | 524 | 1.43 | 2.13 |
| Example 3 | 529 | 1.42 | 2.10 |
| Example 4 | 526 | 1.43 | 2.12 |
| Example 5 | 519 | 1.45 | 2.15 |
| Example 6 | 541 | 1.39 | 2.05 |
| Example 7 | 546 | 1.37 | 2.03 |
| Example 8 | 542 | 1.38 | 2.05 |
| Comparative example 1 | 475 | 1.58 | 5.40 |
| Comparative example 2 | 471 | 1.59 | 5.60 |
| Comparative example 3 | 510 | 1.47 | 2.19 |
| Comparative example 4 | 505 | 1.49 | 2.21 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the daily head gain weight of the feed in examples 1-5 is higher than that of the feed in comparative examples 1-2, and the feed weight ratio and the diarrhea rate of the feed in examples 1-5 are lower than those of the feed in comparative examples 1-2, so that the feed formula and the ratio are scientific and reasonable, the intestinal tracts of piglets can be adjusted, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, the growth of the piglets is promoted, the immunity of the piglets is improved, and the diarrhea rate is reduced. In addition, the daily head gain weight of the examples 2 to 4 is higher than the daily head gain of the examples 1 and 5, the feed weight ratio and the diarrhea rate of the examples 2 to 4 are both lower than those of the examples 1 and 5, and the results show that the zinc oxide and the antibacterial peptide have good synergistic effect when the ratio of the zinc oxide to the antibacterial peptide is 0.8 to 1.2, so that the conversion rate of the feed can be further improved, the growth of piglets can be promoted, and the diarrhea rate of the piglets can be reduced.
Compared with the example 3, the average daily gain weight of the heads of the examples 6 to 8 is higher than that of the head of the example 3, the feed weight ratio and the diarrhea rate of the examples 6 to 8 are lower than those of the example 3, and the addition of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract and the medium-chain fatty acid can effectively reduce the toxin in the bodies of the piglets and improve the immunity of the piglets, thereby increasing the feed intake, improving the growth speed and reducing the diarrhea rate. In addition, the vine tea extract and the medium-chain fatty acid are cooperatively matched with the glucose oxidase, so that the damage of hydrogen peroxide generated by the glucose oxidase to the piglet liver can be reduced, and the immunity of the piglet is improved.
In addition, compared with the example 7, in the comparative examples 3-4, the daily head gain is lower than that of the example 7 in the comparative examples 3-4, and the feed weight ratio and the diarrhea rate are both higher than those of the example 7 in the comparative examples 3-4, so that the ampelopsis grossedentata extract and the medium-chain fatty acid are matched with each other and act synergistically, the damage of glucose oxidase to the liver is reduced, meanwhile, the digestion capacity of piglets on the feed can be improved, the daily head gain of the piglets is improved, and the diarrhea rate is reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 620 parts of primary corn 508-containing material, 790 parts of flour 700-containing material, 790 parts of puffed soybean 270-containing material, 165 parts of fermented soybean meal 135-containing material, 80-100 parts of steam fish meal, 55-65 parts of yeast culture, 55-65 parts of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 165 parts of sucrose 135-containing material, 160 parts of milk powder 130-containing material, 500 parts of whey powder 400-containing material, 25-35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride, 25-35 parts of soybean oil, 70-80 parts of balanced oil powder, 26-34 parts of compound acidifier, 4.5-7.0 parts of glucose oxidase, 2.5-3.5 parts of plant essential oil, 2.5-3.5 parts of antibacterial peptide, 2.5-3.5 parts of tannic acid, 1.0-2.0 parts of enzyme preparation, 1.0-2.0 parts of phagostimulant, 30-38 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, 5-7 parts of compound trace elements, 0.7-1.3 parts of compound vitamin.
2. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of primary corn, 750 parts of flour, 300 parts of expanded soybean, 150 parts of fermented soybean meal, 90 parts of steam fish meal, 60 parts of yeast culture, 60 parts of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 150 parts of cane sugar, 150 parts of milk powder, 450 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6 parts of sodium chloride, 30 parts of soybean oil, 75 parts of balanced oil powder, 30 parts of compound acidifier, 6 parts of glucose oxidase, 3 parts of plant essential oil, 3 parts of antibacterial peptide, 3 parts of tannic acid, 1.5 parts of enzyme preparation, 1.5 parts of phagostimulant, 33 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of compound trace elements and 0.9 part of compound vitamin.
3. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the compound acidifier comprises lactic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid, and the total acid is 70-80%.
4. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the zinc oxide to the antibacterial peptide is 0.8-1.2.
5. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the raw materials also comprise 2-3 parts of vine tea extract and 10-15 parts of medium-chain fatty acid in parts by weight, wherein the preparation method of the vine tea extract comprises the following steps:
a. adding vine tea powder into ethanol with volume fraction of 60-75% to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the ratio of the material to the liquid is 1: (30-35);
b. ultrasonically extracting the mixed solution for 20-25min, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, and drying to obtain Ampelopsis grossedentata extract.
6. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the enzyme preparation comprises xylanase, beta-mannase, alpha-galactosidase, acid protease, neutral protease, alkaline protease, beta-glucanase and glucose oxidase, wherein the activity of each enzyme is as follows: 8000-.
7. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite trace elements comprise 8000mg/kg of 5000-containing copper element, 45000mg/kg of 30000-containing iron element, 45000mg/kg of zinc element, 20000mg/kg of 10000-containing manganese element, 500mg/kg of 200-containing iodine element and 200-containing selenium element.
8. The green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the compound vitamin comprises 20000-35000IU/kg of vitamin A, 35000-9000 IU/kg of vitamin D, 50-150g/kg of vitamin E, 15000-15000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 220000-30000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 65000-15000 mg/kg of vitamin B, 1250-150 mg/kg of vitamin B, 500mg/kg of biotin 200-containing material, 10000mg/kg of pantothenic acid, 5000-containing folic acid, 5000-containing material and 100000mg/kg of nicotinamide 60000-containing material.
9. A method for preparing the green environment-friendly antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: respectively crushing, mixing, tempering and granulating primary corn, flour, extruded soybean, steam fish meal, soybean oil and calcium hydrophosphate to obtain a base material;
s2: and crushing the basic material, and mixing with the rest raw materials in the formula to obtain the piglet compound feed.
10. The method for preparing a green, environment-friendly and antibiotic-free piglet compound feed as claimed in claim 9, wherein the tempering temperature in step S1 is 70-83 ° and the tempering time is 30-40S.
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