CN110692847A - Antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits - Google Patents
Antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits Download PDFInfo
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- CN110692847A CN110692847A CN201911116255.3A CN201911116255A CN110692847A CN 110692847 A CN110692847 A CN 110692847A CN 201911116255 A CN201911116255 A CN 201911116255A CN 110692847 A CN110692847 A CN 110692847A
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- rabbits
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- antibiotic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits, which is added into feed and can effectively solve the problems of antibiotic inhibition or killing of intestinal pathogenic bacteria, rabbit growth promotion and disease incidence reduction. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 38-42% of composite probiotics, 28-32% of composite prebiotics and 26-34% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 18-22 minutes, and uniformly preparing, wherein the composite prebiotics is added into the rabbit complete formula feed by 0.5-1% of the mass of the rabbit complete formula feed; the invention has the advantages of rich raw materials, simple preparation method, low cost, easy production, convenient feeding and good effect, is an innovation on rabbit feed, and has great economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to biological feed, in particular to an antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits, which is suitable for rabbits and does not contain antibiotics, but has the effects of inhibiting or killing intestinal pathogenic bacteria, promoting the growth of the rabbits and reducing the morbidity.
Background
Since the test report of adding antibiotics into pig feed was first published by Jukes et al in 1950, the application of low-dose antibiotics as feed additives has been in the past 70 years, and the antibiotics have never been worn out in the aspects of animal health care and disease prevention. However, the addition of low-dose antibiotics into animal feed for a long time not only causes pathogenic bacteria to generate drug resistance, but also threatens food safety due to drug residues, and super pathogenic bacteria generating drug resistance in intestinal tracts are discharged into the environment along with livestock manure, so that flora change and water and soil pollution in the environment are caused, the proportion of pathogenic bacteria in the environment is increased, and the animal feed threatens human and livestock health. These situations have attracted considerable attention. For a long time, the antibiotics are added into the feed, so that the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the livestock and poultry is continuously enhanced. Caecum of cattle, sheep and rabbits in herbivorous animals and colon of equine animals can keep normal digestion and absorption of feed only if a large amount of probiotics digests cellulose. If the dosage of antibiotics is continuously increased in the animal feed, the antibiotics kill pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tracts of the animals, and simultaneously kill a large amount of probiotics, so that the digestion and absorption capacity of herbivorous animals is reduced, and digestive tract diseases frequently occur. On the other hand, the larger the addition amount of antibiotics in the herbivorous animal feed, the higher the antibiotic drug residue in the livestock meat and products thereof, and after people eat the livestock meat and products thereof containing various antibiotic residues, the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria can be gradually generated, which affects the human health. The reduction or prohibition of the addition of antibiotics in livestock and poultry feed becomes a necessary trend for the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, and the prohibition of the application of the antibiotics in the livestock breeding link in 2020 is the national policy of China. Therefore, it is imperative to provide a mixed feed additive which is suitable for rabbits and does not contain antibiotics, but has the effects of inhibiting or killing intestinal pathogenic bacteria, promoting the growth of rabbits and reducing the morbidity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits, which is added into feed and can effectively solve the problems of antibiotic inhibition or killing of intestinal pathogenic bacteria, rabbit growth promotion and disease incidence reduction.
The technical scheme for solving the problem is that the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 38-42% of composite probiotics, 28-32% of composite prebiotics and 26-34% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 18-22 minutes, and uniformly preparing, wherein the composite prebiotics is added into the rabbit complete formula feed by 0.5-1% of the mass of the rabbit complete formula feed;
the composite probiotics is prepared by adding 2.5kg of raw bacteria powder of lactobacillus acidophilus, 2kg of raw bacteria powder of enterococcus faecalis, 1.5kg of raw bacteria powder of enterococcus faecium, 1kg of raw bacteria powder of bacillus subtilis, 1.25kg of raw bacteria powder of bacillus natto and 2.5kg of raw bacteria powder of saccharomyces cerevisiae, adding corn starch to a constant volume of 100kg, and uniformly mixing by using a mixer, wherein the effective bacteria content is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecalis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecium is more than or equal to 1.5 hundred million/g, bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, bacillus natto is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, and saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g;
the composite prebiotics are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of xylo-oligosaccharide, 20% of mannose oligomer, 20% of galacto-oligosaccharide, 15% of fructo-oligosaccharide and 15% of isomalto-oligosaccharide are added into a mixer and are uniformly mixed for 20 minutes to prepare the xylo-oligosaccharide-fructo-oligosaccharide-galacto-oligosaccharide-isomalto-oligosaccharide mixture;
the composite organic acid is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of citric acid, 20% of lactic acid, 5% of acetic acid, 5% of propionic acid, 5% of butyric acid and the balance of silicon dioxide as raw materials, crushing the citric acid by a crusher, and sieving the crushed citric acid by a 80-mesh sieve; adding silicon dioxide into a mixer, adding lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid into the mixer respectively for shaping for 4 hours, crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve; adding the crushed citric acid and the shaped lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid into a mixer, and uniformly mixing for 20 minutes to prepare the citric acid-butyric acid ester.
The mass content of the xylo-oligosaccharide is 99 percent, the mass content of the oligomannose is 99 percent, the mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide is 99 percent, the mass content of the fructo-oligosaccharide is 95 percent, and the mass content of the isomalto-oligosaccharide is 99 percent.
The citric acid accounts for 99 percent by mass, the lactic acid accounts for 85 percent by mass, the acetic acid accounts for 99 percent by mass, the propionic acid accounts for 99 percent by mass, and the butyric acid accounts for 95 percent by mass.
The rabbit complete formula feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-20% of corn, 18-20% of wheat bran, 8-10% of soybean meal, 6-8% of peanut cake, 41% of peanut seedling dry powder, 1.0% of mineral substance, 0.3% of compound vitamin, 0.2% of compound microelement and 0.5-1% of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits;
the mineral is prepared by uniformly mixing calcium and phosphorus at a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the vitamin complex comprises 10g of vitamin A, 10g of vitamin D, 10g of vitamin E and 10g of vitamin K by mass330mg of vitamin B160mg of vitamin B260mg of vitamin B630mg of vitamin B12300 mu g, 60mg of riboflavin, 360mg of nicotinic acid and 240mg of pantothenic acid, adding corn starch to 1kg, and uniformly mixing, wherein the content of vitamin A is more than or equal to 5400000IU/g, the content of vitamin D is more than or equal to 4500000IU/g, and the content of vitamin E is more than or equal to 30000 IU;
the compound trace elements are prepared by adding corn starch to 1kg by mass of 1800mg of iron, 600mg of copper, 400mg of manganese, 1600mg of zinc, 4mg of iodine and 5mg of selenium and uniformly mixing;
the rabbit complete formula feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of corn, 16% of wheat bran, 16% of soybean meal, 2% of premix, 45% of peanut seedling dry powder and 1% of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits are uniformly mixed to prepare the feed additive; the premix is prepared from vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D7500IU, vitamin E50IU and vitamin K35mg of vitamin B110mg of vitamin B210mg of vitamin B65mg of vitamin B1250 mu g, 10mg of riboflavin, 60mg of nicotinic acid, 40mg of pantothenic acid, 750mg of choline chloride, 180mg of iron, 60mg of copper, 40mg of manganese, 160mg of zinc, 0.4mg of iodine and 0.5mg of selenium, adding corn starch to 1kg, and uniformly mixing.
The invention has the advantages of rich raw materials, simple preparation method, low cost, easy production, convenient feeding and good effect, is an innovation on rabbit feed, and has great economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to explain the present invention in detail.
The invention may be embodied in the form of the following examples.
Example 1
In the specific implementation of the invention, the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: adding 40% of composite probiotics, 30% of composite prebiotics and 30% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 20 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.8% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
Example 2
In the specific implementation of the invention, the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: adding 39% of composite probiotics, 32% of composite prebiotics and 29% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 19 minutes, and uniformly preparing the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.6% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
Example 3
In the specific implementation of the invention, the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: adding 41% of composite probiotics, 31% of composite prebiotics and 28% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 21 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.7% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
Example 4
In the specific implementation of the invention, the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: adding 38% of composite probiotics, 29% of composite prebiotics and 33% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 22 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.9% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
In the above composition, wherein:
the probiotic is a beneficial live bacteria preparation prepared by separating and identifying beneficial microorganisms from animals or nature through special processes such as fermentation culture or post-processing. The composite probiotics comprise lactobacillus acidophilus, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto and saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effective bacteria content in the composite probiotic solid powder is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecalis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecium is more than or equal to 1.5 hundred million/g, bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, bacillus natto is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, and saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g.
Lactobacillus acidophilus belongs to the genus Lactobacillus, gram-positive bacilli, and the rod ends are rounded and are mainly present in the small intestine of animals, releasing lactic acid and acetic acid. The lactobacillus acidophilus can secrete antibiotic substances of acidophilus lactobacillus, acidophilus lactobacillus and lactein, and has antagonistic effect on animal intestinal pathogenic bacteria, and the content of effective components of the lactobacillus acidophilus in a commercial product is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g.
Enterococcus faecalis belongs to enterococcus gram-positive and hydrogen peroxide-negative cocci, is one of main flora in intestinal tracts of human beings and animals, can generate natural antibiotics, and is beneficial to body health; meanwhile, antibacterial substances such as bacteriocin and the like can be generated, the growth of pathogenic microorganisms such as escherichia coli and salmonella is inhibited, and the intestinal micro-ecological environment is improved; the contents of urease and endotoxin in the intestinal tract are reduced by inhibiting the reproduction of urease-producing bacteria and putrefying bacteria in the intestinal tract, so that the contents of ammonia and endotoxin in blood are reduced. Enterococcus faecalis is a type of microorganism normally existing in the digestive tract, has strong tolerance and colonization ability on the intestinal mucosa, is facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacteria, and the content of effective components of the commercially available enterococcus faecalis is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g.
Enterococcus faecium belongs to gram-positive bacteria of enterococcus, after entering animal intestinal tracts, the enterococcus faecium rapidly adheres to intestinal mucosa, pathogenic bacteria are inhibited from adhering to the intestinal tracts through exclusion effect, an intestinal barrier is formed, the intestinal health is protected, and the intestinal microecological balance is maintained. During the metabolic process, substances such as lactic acid, bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide and the like are generated, the pH value of the intestinal tract is reduced, the propagation of pathogenic bacteria in the animal body is inhibited, the microecological balance of the intestinal tract is maintained and adjusted, the contents of endotoxin and urease in the intestinal tract are reduced, the contents of toxin and ammonia in blood are reduced, the maturation of animal organs is promoted, and the physiological state of the animal is improved. Generates various nutrient substances such as vitamins, amino acids, growth promoting factors and the like, and the nutrient substances can participate in metabolism and promote the growth of animals. Inducing organism to generate cell factor, interferon, interleukin, etc., enhancing organism nonspecific immunity, improving disease resistance, reducing inflammatory reaction, promoting intestinal health, and the content of effective components of commercial product enterococcus faecium is not less than 100 hundred million/g.
The bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive bacterium of bacillus, and active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated in the growth process of the bacillus subtilis have obvious inhibiting effect on pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria of endogenous infection. The bacillus subtilis quickly consumes free oxygen in the intestinal tract, causes hypoxia in the intestinal tract, promotes the growth of beneficial anaerobic bacteria, and indirectly inhibits the growth of other pathogenic bacteria. Stimulating the growth and development of animal immune organs, activating T, B lymphocytes, increasing the level of immunoglobulin and antibody, enhancing the cellular immunity and humoral immunity, and improving the immunity of the population. The bacillus subtilis self-synthesizes enzymes such as alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and the like, and plays a role together with digestive enzymes in animals (human bodies) in the digestive tract, and the content of effective components of the commercial product bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
The bacillus natto spore is beneficial bacterium with acid resistance and heat resistance, the survival rate of the bacillus natto spore is 100 percent under the gastric acid environment condition for four hours, meanwhile, the bacillus natto spore has strong pathogenic bacterium inhibition capability, is the best probiotic bacterium among various probiotics, has the best environmental tolerance, can produce acid, regulate intestinal flora and enhance the immune function of animal cells. Can produce a variety of enzymes, such as: protease, saccharifying enzyme, lipase and amylase degrade some complex carbohydrates in the plant feed, thereby improving the conversion rate of the feed. The content of effective components of commercial product Bacillus natto is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
The saccharomyces cerevisiae has the characteristics of quick propagation, short growth period, vigorous metabolism, rich thallus nutrition and the like. Yeast is a facultative microorganism, can grow under aerobic respiration or anaerobic fermentation conditions, can obtain metabolites such as alcohol, various wines, glycerol, enzymes and the like through anaerobic fermentation, and can obtain yeast cells or cell components through aerobic fermentation. The content of the effective components of the saccharomyces cerevisiae which is a commercial product is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g.
Prebiotics are a class of food ingredients or preparations that are not digested by the host and that selectively stimulate the activity or growth and reproduction of one or more species of bacteria resident in the intestinal tract, and thus, promote the health of the host. The prebiotics are characterized in that: it is neither hydrolyzed nor absorbed in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract of animals; can only selectively stimulate the growth and the reproduction of certain beneficial bacteria or activate the metabolic function; can improve the composition and the quantity of the dominant microbial flora beneficial to health in the intestinal tract of animals; can play a role in enhancing the health of the host body.
The compound prebiotics are composed of xylo-oligosaccharide, oligomannose, galacto-oligosaccharide, malto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide, wherein the oligosaccharides are generally sugars which are formed into straight chains or branched chains by 2-10 monosaccharides through glycosidic bond connection, cannot be utilized by digestive tract and pathogenic bacteria, and can only be utilized by probiotics, so that the probiotics can be propagated in large quantity, can be used as proliferation factors of the probiotics, enhance the competitive advantages of the probiotics, and simultaneously provide energy, metabolic substances and necessary nutrient components for a host.
Xylo-oligosaccharide is a functional polysaccharide formed by combining 2-7 xylose molecules by beta-1, 4 glycosidic bonds, wherein xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetraose are used as main components. The xylo-oligosaccharide can hardly be decomposed by various digestive juices such as animal saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, small intestine mucus, etc., and can be used as feed additive for feeding animals, and then can directly enter large intestine for proliferation of double probiotics. The content of the effective components of the xylo-oligosaccharide of the commercial product is more than or equal to 95 percent.
The oligomannose is an oligosaccharide formed by connecting D-mannose through beta-1, 4 glycosidic bonds to form a main chain and connecting glucose on the main chain or a branch chain, and the polymerization degree is between 2 and 10. As a novel prebiotic, the probiotic can activate and proliferate bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in large quantity and regulate microecological balance. The effective component content of the mannose oligomer of the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The galactooligosaccharide is a functional oligosaccharide with natural property, is an excellent nutrient source and an effective proliferation factor of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacterium, lactobacillus acidophilus and the like in animal intestinal tracts, and can improve the digestion and absorption functions of the intestinal tracts. The galacto-oligosaccharide has strong acid resistance and heat resistance, and cannot lose the original characteristics due to high-temperature sterilization and decomposition of animal gastric acid in the processing process. The content of the effective components of the galacto-oligosaccharides in the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Fructooligosaccharides are a mixture of kestose, nystose, etc. formed by binding 1 to 3 fructosyl groups to the fructosyl group in sucrose via a β (2-1) glycosidic bond. Besides the physicochemical properties of common functional oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharide has the most remarkable physiological characteristics that the fructo-oligosaccharide can obviously improve the microbial population ratio in intestinal tracts, is an activation and proliferation factor of probiotics in the intestinal tracts, can reduce and inhibit the generation of putrefactive substances in the intestines, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria and regulates the microecological balance in the intestinal tracts, and the content of effective components of the fructo-oligosaccharide in commercial products is more than or equal to 95 percent.
The isomaltooligosaccharides refer to oligosaccharides with glucose bound by alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds and the number of monosaccharides being varied from 2 to 5. Has the characteristic of promoting the remarkable proliferation of probiotics. The isomaltooligosaccharide can not be absorbed by the stomach and small intestine of animals, but directly enters the large intestine, is preferentially utilized by probiotics, helps the probiotics to propagate in large quantities, and is a proliferation factor of the probiotics. Other harmful bacteria in the intestine can not be utilized, thereby inhibiting the growth of the harmful bacteria and promoting the microecology in the intestinal tract to be adjusted to a benign cycle. The content of the effective component of the isomaltose hypgather of the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The composite organic acid can effectively reduce the pH value in the digestive tract through the acidification effect, so that the digestive tract keeps a better pH environment, and the improvement of the activity of digestive enzymes in the intestinal tract is effectively promoted. Lactic acid and citric acid achieve the effect of indirectly reducing the number of harmful bacteria by lowering the pH of the gastrointestinal environment. Acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid can not only lower the pH value in the environment, but also have an inhibiting effect on gram-negative bacteria because they can destroy the bacterial cell membrane, interfere the synthesis of bacterial enzymes, further influence the replication of bacterial DNA and finally generate an anti-gram-negative bacteria effect.
Citric acid is also known as citric acid, and has colorless crystal, no odor, strong sour taste, and good water solubility. The citric acid is added into the piglet feed, so that the piglet feed can be weaned in advance, the feed utilization rate is improved by 5-10%, and the farrowing amount of sows is increased. The addition of 1-2% citric acid into the daily ration of growing-finishing pigs can increase daily gain, reduce feed-meat ratio, increase protein digestibility, reduce back fat thickness, and improve meat quality and carcass characteristics. The content of the effective component of citric acid in the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Lactic acid is carboxylic acid containing hydroxyl, is used as a growth promoter in pig and poultry feed, can reduce the pH value in the stomach, has the effects of activating digestive enzymes and improving the digestion capability of amino acids, and is beneficial to the growth of intestinal epithelium. Lactic acid inhibits the growth of microorganisms, piglets in the lactation period can be infected with diseases caused by escherichia coli and salmonella, and the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets can be prevented by adding the lactic acid into the feed. Lactic acid can act as a preservative for feed and enhance microbial stability of feed, grain and meat processing by-products. Lactic acid is added into drinking water of poultry and piglets, so that pathogenic bacteria can be effectively inhibited, and the growth of animals is promoted. The content of effective components of lactic acid in the commercial product is more than or equal to 85 percent.
Acetic acid is a colorless liquid with strong pungent sour taste at normal temperature, and acetic acid is easily soluble in water and ethanol, and the aqueous solution is weakly acidic. The content of the effective component of the acetic acid of the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Propionic acid is colorless, corrosive liquid, has pungent smell, and can be used as mildew inhibitor for food and feed. The content of the effective component of the propionic acid of the commercial product is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Butyric acid is a fatty acid and is present in the form of butyrate esters in animal fats and vegetable oils. The content of the effective component of the butyric acid which is a commercial product is more than or equal to 95 percent.
The application of the product, namely the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits, in the preparation of complete compound feed for rabbits, is that the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is added into the complete compound feed for rabbits according to the mass percentage of 0.5-1%, and the rabbit can be fed after the feed additive is uniformly mixed.
The function and function of the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits in the complete compound feed for rabbits are mainly shown as follows:
the composite probiotics in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits can exert a favorable influence on host animals by improving the balance of animal intestinal flora, and the composite probiotics in the product can inhibit or kill pathogenic bacteria from the following aspects through scientific preparation.
1. Form dominant flora in intestinal tract to maintain intestinal microecological balance
After the birth of rabbits, beneficial flora is gradually formed in intestinal tracts, if the feed for feeding the rabbits is added with the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for the rabbits, the beneficial flora in the intestinal tracts of the rabbits is promoted to have advantages as soon as possible and become strong gradually, the microecological balance in the intestinal tracts is kept stable, and if the beneficial flora in the intestinal tracts is not strong enough, the intestinal flora is damaged due to the influence of external bad stimulation, medicines, transportation stress and the like, so that the microecological system of the intestinal tracts is unbalanced, and intestinal diseases can be caused. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive is often added into the complete compound feed for rabbits, so that beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts of the rabbits can be kept in an advantageous or vigorous state for a long time, and the rabbit groups can be kept in a healthy state for a long time.
2. Biological antagonism with pathogenic bacteria and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria proliferation
Most of the live bacteria in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive are common strains in animal intestinal tracts, and the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive has the characteristics of fast field planting, strong reproductive capacity, strong exclusive bacteria and the like after entering the rabbit intestinal tracts, has an antagonistic effect on rabbit intestinal pathogenic bacteria, and inhibits the activity of the intestinal pathogenic bacteria. The beneficial flora in the product can also improve or reduce the activity of certain enzymes in the metabolic process, inhibit the metabolism of pathogenic bacteria, make the pathogenic bacteria lose the activity, and inhibit or kill the pathogenic bacteria in rabbit intestinal tracts from various aspects.
3. Form a barrier in the intestinal tract of the rabbit to prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering the intestinal mucosa
After entering the intestinal tract, probiotics in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits are orderly planted on the surface of the intestinal mucosa to form a barrier or mixed in mucus outside the intestinal mucosa to form a chemical barrier together with lactic acid, bacteriocin, enzyme and the like generated by metabolism of the beneficial bacteria, the two barriers jointly prevent pathogenic bacteria from planting on epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa and play roles in occupying space, competing for nutrition and carrying out biological antagonism, and the biological defense effect of a host body can be enhanced by feeding the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits.
4. Synthetic nutrient substance
The probiotics in the mixed feed additive without antibiotics are bred in rabbit intestinal tracts, and in the process, a plurality of amino acids, B vitamins and a plurality of bioactive substances such as enzymes, organic acids, growth stimulating factors and the like are synthesized, participate in the metabolism of rabbits, and are digested and absorbed by the rabbits to promote the growth of the rabbits.
5. Biological oxygen abstraction
The probiotics in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits contain aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, wherein usually, the rabbit intestinal anaerobic bacteria account for most of the feed additive, the proportion is up to 99 percent, and the aerobic bacteria and the facultative anaerobic bacteria only account for 1 percent. Aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive are planted and propagated in rabbit intestinal tracts, so that the concentration of local oxygen can be reduced, the planting and propagation of the anaerobic bacteria can be promoted, the microecological balance and stability of the intestinal tracts are kept, and the health of the rabbit intestinal tracts is promoted.
The prebiotics in the mixed feed additive without antibiotics for rabbits are a general name of several oligosaccharides, and can only be utilized by beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts but not decomposed and utilized by harmful bacteria in rabbits. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive is added into the daily ration of the rabbit, so that the quantity of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts can be directly increased, and the beneficial bacteria have absolute advantages in the intestinal tracts. The prebiotics and the probiotics are combined and used, so that the vitality and the survival rate of the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tracts of the rabbits can be improved, the stability of the beneficial bacteria is improved, and the effect of the beneficial bacteria is promoted.
The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is added into daily ration of young rabbits, wherein the composite probiotics and the composite prebiotics can inhibit the colonization of harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella and the like in intestinal tracts of the young rabbits, maintain the balance of intestinal flora of the young rabbits, and establish the dominant flora of lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and the like. Protecting young rabbit liver, promoting nutrient conversion and absorption, stimulating the activity of young rabbit immunocyte, and enhancing immunity of young rabbit.
The compound organic acid in the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is used for reducing the pH value of rabbit ration, so that the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract of the rabbits is reduced, harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract are inhibited and killed, the consumption of nutrient substances and the generation of antibiotic growth toxin are reduced, and the growth of the rabbits is promoted. Therefore, the addition of the compound organic acid in the daily ration of the rabbits is beneficial to the function of the compound probiotics, and the compound organic acid and the compound probiotics are combined and used in a compatible manner, so that the compound organic acid and the compound probiotics can generate complex physiological and biochemical reactions in intestinal tracts of the rabbits, and can promote the improvement of the production performance of the rabbits.
Experiment of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive in rabbit raising production
1. The experimental site: the experiment was carried out in a medium-sized rabbit farm in Kagaku county, New county.
2. Experimental animals: the rabbits participating in the experiment were young rabbits of new zealand meat rabbits weaned for 7 days apart (example 1).
3. The experimental method comprises the following steps: 500 young rabbits are selected from a breeding mother rabbit group, wherein the young rabbits are just weaned for 7 days and are randomly divided into two groups, wherein each group comprises 250 rabbits, one group serves as an experimental group, and the other group serves as a control group. During the experiment period, a specially assigned person is arranged to record the health conditions of the rabbits in the experimental group and the rabbits in the control group: the disease symptoms are the number of onset, the number of cure, and the like. The young rabbits in the experimental group weighed 142kg in total weight and 568g in average each on the day of the start of the experiment. The control group of young rabbits weighed 142.25kg in total weight on the day of the start of the experiment, and weighed 569g each in average.
4. And (3) feed and feeding management: the experimental group of the complete compound feed for young rabbits comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20% of corn, 16% of wheat bran, 16% of soybean meal, 2% of premix, 45% of peanut seedling dry powder and 1% of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits; the mass ratio of each component of the complete compound feed for the young rabbits in the control group is as follows: 20% of corn, 16% of wheat bran, 16% of soybean meal, 2% of premix, 46% of peanut seedling dry powder and no antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits. The premix of 2% of the experimental group and the control group contains vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D7500IU, vitamin E50IU, and vitamin K35mg of vitamin B110mg of vitamin B210mg of vitamin B65mg of vitamin B1250 mu g, 10mg of riboflavin, 60mg of nicotinic acid, 40mg of pantothenic acid, 750mg of choline chloride, 180mg of iron, 60mg of copper, 40mg of manganese, 160mg of zinc, 0.4mg of iodine and 0.5mg of selenium. The complete compound feed for the young rabbits in the experimental group and the complete compound feed for the young rabbits in the control group are processed separately, and the raw materials, the quality and the processing method of the feed for the complete compound feed for the young rabbits in the control group are the same except that the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive is not added. The feeding method comprises free food intake and automatic water drinking.
5. And (3) during an experimental period: 60 days, the young rabbits are from 37 to 96 days old after weaning.
6. The experimental results are as follows:
6.1 Effect of antibiotic-free Mixed feed additive for rabbits on growth Performance of Young rabbits
Both the experimental and control rabbits were weighed on the day of experiment completion. The rabbit of the experimental group still has 238 rabbits on the end of the experiment day, the total weight is 725kg, and the average weight is 3045 g; the control group rabbits had 213 animals on the end of the experiment, total weight 576.2kg and average weight 2705 g. The weight of the experimental group of rabbits is increased by 340g more than that of the control group of rabbits in the 60-day experimental period, and the weight gain is increased by 12.6 percent compared with that of the control group of rabbits.
6.2 Effect of antibiotic-free Mixed feed additive for rabbits on the rate of rearing of young rabbits
250 young rabbits of the experimental group and 250 young rabbits of the control group respectively are cultured at the beginning of the experiment, 238 young rabbits of the experimental group are cultured at the end of the experimental period, and the breeding rate is 95.2%; 213 young rabbits in the control group are bred, the breeding rate is 85.2 percent, and the breeding rate of the experimental group is improved by 10 percent compared with the control group.
6.3 prevention Effect of antibiotic-free Mixed feed additive for rabbits on intestinal diseases of Young rabbits
27 rabbits are attacked in an experimental period, and the morbidity is 10.8 percent; 53 rabbits of the control group developed diseases in the experimental period, and the incidence rate is 21.2 percent. The disease incidence of the experimental group rabbits is obviously reduced compared with the disease incidence of the control group rabbits.
An application experiment of the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits in rabbit breeding production comprises the following steps:
the user is a high person in the san bay county of the Uygur autonomous region in Xinjiang, the user is an old farmer in Dengzhou city in Henan, a relative is in Xinjiang, the user is told that the price of meat rabbits is high, the user can dispose a home rabbit breeding farm and bring money to Xinjiang for development, after the farm is built and rabbit breeding is started, due to the fact that the technology is lagged behind, the substances for breeding rabbits are deficient, the breeding rate of young rabbits is only about 60%, and the commercial rabbits do not earn money. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive is added into the complete compound feed for the rabbits, so that the breeding rate of the young rabbits is improved to more than 90 percent from the original 60 percent, and the normal production state is reached later.
An application experiment of the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits in rabbit breeding production comprises the following steps:
the user is a certain Mazhuang Town in Yanyang city of Shanxi province, and the bred rabbit is a long-hair rabbit. The breeding rate of the rabbit is low, the young rabbits have weak vitality, are easy to get ill and have low breeding rate. After the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is used, the survival rate of young long-hair rabbits is improved to over 90 percent from the original 50 to 60 percent, and the growth speed is also obviously improved.
An application experiment of the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits in rabbit breeding production comprises the following steps:
the user is a certain bear in Hechuan district Bao Huazhen in Chongqing city, the bred rabbit is meat rabbit, the meat rabbit is produced, the breeding rate of the young rabbit is high, the growth is fast, and the weight of the young rabbit reaches 2.5-2.7kg in 75 days. Because the feed additive for improving the immunity and the growth speed of the meat rabbits is not found all the time, the production economic benefit is not ideal all the time, and the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive product and the technology for the rabbits are seen in the exchange of the one-time rabbit raising technology. When the feedback is given after one year, the economic benefit of rabbit raising in the year is obviously improved compared with the prior art, the breeding rate of the young rabbits in each batch is about 95 percent, and the rabbit raising is a relaxing project after the young rabbits are continuously used.
After the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is popularized and applied for more than two years, product users reach 328 families and are distributed in provinces (municipal and autonomous regions) such as Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Shanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Sichuan and the like, and the application of the product is generally praised.
The experimental results show that the antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits has the functions of obviously inhibiting the propagation of endogenous pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tracts of the rabbits, inhibiting and killing the endogenous pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tracts, promoting the formation of dominant flora of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tracts of the rabbits and keeping the intestinal tracts healthy. Meanwhile, the feed additive can provide functional feed additive substances for rabbits, meets the nutritional requirements of the rabbits in various aspects, promotes the health, the rapid growth and the development of the rabbits, has the survival rate of more than 90 percent, and improves the weight gain by more than 12.6 percent compared with the conventional average weight gain, meets the requirements of green and pollution-free feeds and the national industrialized policy of vigorously developing ecological agriculture and green foods, conforms to the development trend of substituting antibiotics by non-medicinal additives as livestock and poultry for preventing diseases and promoting growth, and has great popularization and application values. The economic benefit and the social benefit are great.
Claims (9)
1. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: adding 38-42% of composite probiotics, 28-32% of composite prebiotics and 26-34% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 18-22 minutes, and uniformly preparing, wherein the composite prebiotics is added into the rabbit complete formula feed by 0.5-1% of the mass of the rabbit complete formula feed;
the composite probiotics is prepared by adding 2.5kg of raw bacteria powder of lactobacillus acidophilus, 2kg of raw bacteria powder of enterococcus faecalis, 1.5kg of raw bacteria powder of enterococcus faecium, 1kg of raw bacteria powder of bacillus subtilis, 1.25kg of raw bacteria powder of bacillus natto and 2.5kg of raw bacteria powder of saccharomyces cerevisiae, adding corn starch to a constant volume of 100kg, and uniformly mixing by using a mixer, wherein the effective bacteria content is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecalis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, enterococcus faecium is more than or equal to 1.5 hundred million/g, bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g, bacillus natto is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g, and saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 2.5 hundred million/g;
the composite prebiotics are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of xylo-oligosaccharide, 20% of mannose oligomer, 20% of galacto-oligosaccharide, 15% of fructo-oligosaccharide and 15% of isomalto-oligosaccharide are added into a mixer and are uniformly mixed for 20 minutes to prepare the xylo-oligosaccharide-fructo-oligosaccharide-galacto-oligosaccharide-isomalto-oligosaccharide mixture;
the composite organic acid is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of citric acid, 20% of lactic acid, 5% of acetic acid, 5% of propionic acid, 5% of butyric acid and the balance of silicon dioxide as raw materials, crushing the citric acid by a crusher, and sieving the crushed citric acid by a 80-mesh sieve; adding silicon dioxide into a mixer, adding lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid into the mixer respectively for shaping for 4 hours, crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve; adding the crushed citric acid and the shaped lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid into a mixer, and uniformly mixing for 20 minutes to prepare the citric acid-butyric acid ester.
2. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, wherein the xylose oligosaccharide accounts for 99% by mass, the mannose oligosaccharide accounts for 99% by mass, the galactose oligosaccharide accounts for 99% by mass, the fructose oligosaccharide accounts for 95% by mass, and the isomaltooligosaccharide accounts for 99% by mass.
3. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, wherein the citric acid is 99% by mass, the lactic acid is 85% by mass, the acetic acid is 99% by mass, the propionic acid is 99% by mass, and the butyric acid is 95% by mass.
4. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, wherein the complete formula feed for rabbits comprises, by mass: 18-20% of corn, 18-20% of wheat bran, 8-10% of soybean meal, 6-8% of peanut cake, 41% of peanut seedling dry powder, 1.0% of mineral substance, 0.3% of compound vitamin, 0.2% of compound microelement and 0.5-1% of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits;
the mineral is prepared by uniformly mixing calcium and phosphorus at a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the vitamin complex comprises 10g of vitamin A, 10g of vitamin D, 10g of vitamin E and 10g of vitamin K by mass330mg of vitamin B160mg of vitamin B260mg of vitamin B630mg of vitamin B12300 mu g, 60mg of riboflavin, 360mg of nicotinic acid and 240mg of pantothenic acid, adding corn starch to 1kg, and uniformly mixing, wherein the content of vitamin A is more than or equal to 5400000IU/g, the content of vitamin D is more than or equal to 4500000IU/g, and the content of vitamin E is more than or equal to 30000 IU;
the compound trace elements are prepared by adding corn starch to 1kg by mass of 1800mg of iron, 600mg of copper, 400mg of manganese, 1600mg of zinc, 4mg of iodine and 5mg of selenium and uniformly mixing.
5. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, wherein the complete formula feed for rabbits comprises the following components by mass percent: 20% of corn, 16% of wheat bran, 16% of soybean meal, 2% of premix, 45% of peanut seedling dry powder and 1% of antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits are uniformly mixed to prepare the feed additive; the premix is prepared from vitamin A9000IU, vitamin D7500IU, vitamin E50IU, and vitamin K35mg of vitamin B110mg of vitamin B210mg of vitamin B65mg of vitamin B1250 mu g, 10mg of riboflavin, 60mg of nicotinic acid, 40mg of pantothenic acid, 750mg of choline chloride, 180mg of iron, 60mg of copper, 40mg of manganese, 160mg of zinc, 0.4mg of iodine and 0.5mg of selenium, adding corn starch to 1kg, and uniformly mixing.
6. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 40% of composite probiotics, 30% of composite prebiotics and 30% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 20 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.8% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
7. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 39% of composite probiotics, 32% of composite prebiotics and 29% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 19 minutes, and uniformly preparing the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.6% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
8. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 41% of composite probiotics, 31% of composite prebiotics and 28% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 21 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.7% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
9. The antibiotic-free mixed feed additive for rabbits according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: adding 38% of composite probiotics, 29% of composite prebiotics and 33% of composite organic acid into a mixer, mixing for 22 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound feed, wherein the compound feed is added into the rabbit complete compound feed by 0.9% of the mass of the rabbit complete compound feed.
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